Land Ownership Issues Research Articles

The Agrarian Question in the Views of N. Kh. Bunge (to the 200th Anniversary of his Birthday)

Introduction. 2023 marks the 200th anniversary of the birth of N. Kh. Bunge, an outstanding Russian scientist, economist, public figure and statesman. His views, especially on the agrarian question, are still poorly understood. The aim of the study is to analyze and evaluate the views of N. Kh. Bunge on the agrarian issue and to reveal their humanistic nature. Materials and Methods. The study used methods of analysis, synthesis, generalizations and axiology, as well as historical-retrospective, historical-genetic and hermeneutical, program-targeted and structural-functional methods for studying problematic issues in the history of economic science. The study is based on primary sources: the writings of N. Kh. Bunge himself and the works of his contemporaries. Results. Among the most significant ideas in the field of posing and solving the agrarian issue of N. Kh. Bunge, his approaches to the issues of land ownership and land use, migration (settlement) processes, the development of peasant self-government, the development of rental, tax and financial-credit relations are identified and disclosed. The multidimensional and at the same time contradictory nature of the views of N. Kh. Bunge in matters of domestic economic policy were revealed. The conclusion is made about the humanistic orientation of the scientific heritage of the scientist and the need for its further more detailed study in the context of a new social reality. Discussion and Conclusion. Specific approaches of Russian historiography to the study of the works of N. Kh. Bunge in the pre-revolutionary period (A. N. Zak, I. I. Levin, A. A. Mikulin, M. N. Sobolev, M. I. Tugan-Baranovsky and others) and the growing interest in his political and economic views in the 21st century. An assessment is given to the debatable thesis about the characterization of the views of N. Kh. Bunge as being “between historicism and liberalism” (J. Zweinert).

Examining the role of business improvement districts (BIDs) as contemporary alternatives for Green Infrastructure funding in London, UK

Sustainable sources of funding for investment in Green Infrastructure have become increasingly difficult to identify due to centralised government financing cuts in the UK. Although local government, as traditional normative funders, have adopted innovative approaches to capital and revenue spending there remains a significant gap in how and what resources are supported. Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) are one set of stakeholders that potentially have a role to play in addressing funding deficits. As subscriber funded organisations, they work at a local level to enhance economic prosperity, as well as delivering socio-cultural and ecological enhancement in identified urban areas. This paper examines the experience of BIDs in London to debate the influences and barriers to their investing in Green Infrastructure. It argues that BIDs can act as critical advocates for Green Infrastructure planning where the latter aligns with local economic objectives. Moreover, we identify spatial variations in the extent to which BIDs in London engage with Green Infrastructure in their documentation and practice, illustrating differences in the perceived value of the concept. We conclude that BIDs hold the potential to facilitate investment in Green Infrastructure due to their position as conduits of business, local government, and community objectives. However, to fully embrace this role balance is needed between the setting of environmental objectives and the need to support local business needs, land ownership issues, and capital/revenue financing considerations.

Of hearth and home: the material biography of an Irish cabin

SUMMARY The authors blend archaeological data with ethnographic, archival, and historical accounts to tell the story of a post-Famine stone cabin in County Cork, Ireland that was inhabited between 1860 and 1915. Research reveals the stories of the two families that once lived in the cabin and connects them to broader issues of land ownership, politics, and social dynamics. These issues came to a head in 1915, when one family was evicted from the property and the cabin was set ablaze. Artefacts found in situ speak to the complexities of everyday life and reveal localized expressions of identity and belonging.

Land conversion in law of some country and experience for draft amending Vietnam land law

Land is inherently an asset class that plays an important role in the socio-economic development of any country in the world. In addition to the important role in economic life, the issue of land ownership is also interested in political aspects, so the provisions of the law on land in general and land conversion in particular are always affected by the State's policies in different periods and political regimes. Land conversion inherently has an important impact, if not a decisive one, on socio-economic development. On the other hand, land conversion has its own political color of each country. Therefore, consulting the experiences of other countries, especially those with the same political system as Vietnam, will be of great help in completing the provisions of Vietnamese law on this issue. The article consults the experiences of countries related to the mechanism and permission for land conversion, thereby proposing some policy and legal experiences for Vietnam in this field in the context of amending the Land Law 2013. Land conversion is always seen and evaluated from a comprehensive perspective, so the analysis in this article is also carried out in this overall perspective.

“The Persians Themselves Will Not Do Anything to Raise the Region”: Consul K. V. Ivanov on The Problems and Prospects of Russian Resettlement and Land Ownership in the Caspian Provinces of Iran (Early 20th Century)

The article is devoted to the views of the Russian consul in Astarabad K. V. Ivanov on the issues of Russian peasant resettlement and Russian land ownership in northeastern Iran on the eve and during the First World War. Already in the first decade of the 20th century, Russian peasants were drawn to the region in search of a new life. Starting spontaneously, this process soon attracted the attention of both Russian representatives in this country and the Foreign Ministry. At the same time, a large Russian land ownership in Persia began to arise. These issues directly affected the field of consul Ivanov's official activities and were the subject of his reflections and discussions with higher authorities. The article presents the consul's views on the subject, the proposed program of action to stimulate resettlement and assistance to settlers, as they appear in various sources, mainly in diplomatic correspondence. These issues have received insufficient coverage in historiography, and therefore require careful study.

A study of citizen preferences regarding legal land conflict resolution: The importance-performance analysis

This paper addresses the critical issue of land ownership in society, given the increasing conversion of undeveloped land into developed property. The indicators include land certificates, regulations on land ownership rights and use, regulations on land use, the presence of land brokers, and the existence of a task force for eradicating the land mafia. The main findings show that the type of land certificate, regulations on land use, and regulations on the use and rights of land ownership are currently performing well, while the task force for eradicating the land mafia had the lowest level of urgency, indicating a possible overkill. The study also highlights the need for serious consideration when eliminating brokers, as it can lead to the rise of brokers/land mafia. Additionally, the study indicates that the community’s readiness to seek legal aid for land disputes is directly proportional to the quality of law enforcement performance. Effective regulation and law enforcement are crucial in resolving land disputes to ensure the equitable distribution of land resources. The paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on land ownership and disputes and provides valuable insights for policymakers, landowners, and communities to develop effective strategies for resolving land disputes of land resources.

Maqashid al-Shariah, Social Dialogue, and Tourism Development in Lombok

The study aims to describe the social dialogue in development of the tourism area in South Lombok. This study was strengthened by the concept of maqashid shariaas instrument of analysis to sharpen the theme studied. The Social dialogue was occurring when the local traditions (old values) meet a modernity (new values) and comes into the conflict. Indigenous people, local leader, government, investor are groups which are involved in the conflict. The conflict among groups was solved through social dialogue. Government bridged the interest of each group in dialogue process. 
 In the case of this qualitative research, data were collected by interviews, observation, and documentation. Related references on the Sasak studies and tourism were used to sharpen analysis the collected data. The result of this study found that the social dialogue is carried out due the conflict generated by the development of the tourism area which covers issues of land ownership, distribution of power, economic distribution, and the shifting of traditional values. By the empowerment model approach, the government could communicate, facilitated, and guaranteed the needs and interest of each group in order to continue the development of tourism area.

The Precariousness of Walloon Peri-Urban Agricultural Lands

Given the increasing need for residential and economic development and also for the improvement of the living environment, for food and energy production, we should reflect on the use of agricultural lands. Even if the citizens and the regional government are rediscovering the multiple services provided by agricultural lands, we observe that the agricultural landscape in Wallonia (the southern part of Belgium) is in a precarious situation, especially at the edge of the cities. At the same time, the Regional Policy Declaration promotes the development of high-quality and close-proximity food belts, the coexistence of human and economic activities with nature, and the end of new land taken by 2050. Our paper focuses on the precariousness of agricultural lands at the edges of cities and presents a twofold research project to conduct a prospective assessment. First, we surveyed 587 Walloons on their perceptions of agricultural lands and their functions. Secondly, we analysed several case studies next to the main Walloon conurbations. Based on satellite images, agricultural parcel data, field observations, and interviews with stakeholders, we identified the services provided by these agricultural lands and the different pressures that they face. This research improves our understanding of the role(s) played by agriculture within, or at the edge of, cities, underlines the thorny issue of land ownership, and points out the diversity of situations encountered. It recommends handling the issue at multiple decision levels and involving stakeholders to develop a common vision, which considers the numerous services delivered by agricultural lands and gives weight to the decision to protect it or not.

Occupying Space: Land art and the Red Power Movement, c. 1965-78

Scholars of Land art have long acknowledged the influence of pre-Columbian Indigenous art on earthworks made in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s, identifying this appropriation as an extension of modernism's preoccupation with "primitivism". Less attention has been paid to the temporal and ideological parallels between Land art and the Red Power movement - a historic moment in Indigenous American rights activism that comprised a series of highly publicised protests and land occupations at sites like Alcatraz Island, Wounded Knee, and Mount Rushmore. As this wave of activism intensified and brought issues of land ownership and the legacy of settler colonialism to the forefront of the American public's concerns, a number of non-Native artists began working with land as their primary material. By situating a selection of works by artists Michael Heizer and Dennis Oppenheim within the historical framework of Red Power - including media representations of activists and countercultural appropriations of Indigenous American traditions - another social lens emerges through which to interpret these iconic works of Land art. The issues of displacement, territorial borders, and trespassing that emerge in Heizer's and Oppenheim's works take on new meaning when considered in relation to Red Power activists' interrogation of broken historic treaties and demands for the return of stolen lands.

A Study of Permissioned Blockchain-Based Framework for Land Ownership Tracking in Indonesia

The rapid development of the economy in Indonesia has made land an important asset. The land registry system in Indonesia or known as Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematik Lengkap (PTSL) is enforced by the government to govern land property ownership management. However, the current land registry uses a conventional information system which lacks the ability to track data changes and verify their integrity, especially in land ownership documents. Introduction of unintended or fraudulent changes to the data may be made to look natural. This could be identified from the possibility of unauthorized users tampering and modifying the data in the land ownership document. Usually, they modify the data in land ownership documents mainly for their own personal gains or some might even attempt to monopolize the land transactions market or conduct illegal acts such as corruption. This prolonged issue could further lead to land disputes and uncertainty in land ownership issues. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a proof-of-authority permissioned blockchain concept to digitize and track land ownership registration. By utilizing blockchain technology, all of the records will be validated and stored securely in the blockchain network. In addition, permissioned access is added to only allow authorized users able to access the system; thus only specific users are able to perform actions on the system and are required to identify themselves. Through this proposed solution, the integrity of changes in land ownership documents can be achieved and validated.

Transformación de las relaciones territoriales en Ucrania a las condiciones del mercado

Land ownership issues are especially important due to the historical experience of land nationalization of Ukrainian peasants. The sphere of land relations in Ukraine has undergone a process of constant reform since the country’s independence. At the present stage, the abolition of the moratorium on the transfer of ownership of agricultural land is historic for Ukrainian citizens. In consequence, the clarity and transparency of legal procedures for the transfer of land ownership to citizens of Ukraine become particularly relevant.
 In connection with the European vector of Ukraine’s development and gradual economic integration with the European Union countries that have experience in the agricultural land market, it is important to find an appropriate legal model for regulating the circulation of agricultural land in Ukraine, using the experience of the European Union. Land lease relations, as a main means of using agricultural lands for a long time in Ukraine, are considered in the article.
 The adopted Law of Ukraine “On amendments to some legislative acts of Ukraine concerning the circulation of agricultural lands” is analyzed. According to its provisions, the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land was finally canceled, which allowed landowners to freely dispose of their property. In the article, it is also proved that the main prospects for the development and functioning of the land market in Ukraine are: 1) foreign investment in Ukraine, 2) the possibility of free disposal of agricultural land plots, 3) attracting additional resources for local communities, 4) stimulating the agricultural sector, 5) increasing the efficiency of production on land.

Understanding how policy settings affect developer decisions

This research examined how policy settings and new construction technologies and processes affect developer decisions to provide private sector housing supply and might improve affordability. The complexity of the development process, the structure of development organisations, the variety of products delivered, and land ownership issues mean the development decision-making process varies by organisation and site by site. Therefore, it is too simplistic to assume policy settings will have exactly the same impact on each and every developer and on each and every site.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM PENGEMBALIAN LAHAN HAK GUNA USAHA DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG POKOK AGRARIA DI INDONESIA

In the 1945 constitution it is stated that control over land is regulated by the state, thus all processes related to land, the state has a big role to play. The state has the highest legal authority in this matter. On the other hand, the customary community groups who inherit their lands also have a customary law system that regulates the issue of land ownership. Investors as shareholders in large-scale businesses do not dare to invest with such a land ownership pattern so that a regulation is needed that can guarantee the ownership status of these lands during the exploitation process. The government then formulated several legal regulations related to this matter. The core problem in this journal is how legal certainty is on lands that have been granted permits by the state for investment by companies and how certainty is in returning these lands to indigenous peoples. The purpose of this study is to explain the legal certainty of the land. The method used is a normative legal research method by examining the law and related regulations. The results found are that the state provides a strong guarantee for the return of community lands used for investment and the guarantee is contained in the basic national agrarian laws and regulations

On the Issue of Land Ownership among Kazakhs Nomads in the 18th – first half of the 19th centuries and its Reflection in the Legislation of the Russian Empire

On the Issue of Land Ownership among Kazakhs Nomads in the 18th – first half of the 19th centuries and its Reflection in the Legislation of the Russian Empire

On the Issue of Land Ownership in the Smolensk Land and the Mstislav Principality of the 15th Century

The article deals with some issues of feudal land tenure in the Smolensk region and in the Mstislav principality of the 15th century, which are insufficiently covered in historiography. It is clarified that the lands in the Molokhva volost, transferred by the Lithuanian Grand Duke Vitovt to the Mstislav principality, were returned to Smolensk land no later than 1448, most likely around 1442. The following objects are located — Rzhavesk settlement near Molokhva, the Nagat volost on the left bank of the Dnieper river, the village of Moshenskoye in Upper Posozhye; they were granted by the Lithuanian rulers to the princes Muncha Selemenevich, Kroshinsky and S. I. Glinsky in the Smolensk land. Obviously even while under Vitovt, the princes Kroshinsky received possession not only of the northeastern Vyazma volosts, but also of the land near Smolensk. Most likely, Prince S. I. Glinsky received possession of the southeastern Vyazma volosts from Vitovt. By 1440, this prince owned the parish of Nagat, which was returned no later than 1447/48 г. to Prince F. Kroshinsky as his fatherland. The brother of Prince S. I. Glinsky, Boris Ivanovich, received the village of Khodosovo near Mstislavl, presumably from the Lithuanian Grand Duke Sigismund Keistutovich, in 1438 — early 1440. Near Nagati in Upper Posozhye, King Casimir IV granted in 1448 to Prince F. L. Vorotynsky yard Nemchinovskoe. Somewhat to the south, in 1481, this king transferred his court Bolvanichi on the left bank of the Sozh river with dependent lands to the authority of princes M. I. and F. I. Odoevsky. Lithuanian rulers of the 15th century granted land in the Smolensk region not only to local boyars, but also to members of various princely families. At the end of this century, individual Smolensk landowners, who held high administrative positions, created their own seigneuries in this region. First of all, these are the Smolensk treasurer Prince K. F. Kroshinsky and the famous dignitary I. S. Sopega.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT CHARGES EXEMPTION CRITERIA ON SUBDIVISION AND PARTITION FOR SMALL DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION ON AGRICULTURAL LAND

In Malaysia, issues of the development charges imposition by the Local Planning Authority arises when it comes to a land conversion by means of surrender and re-alienation with the purpose of subdividing the land to family members. Therefore, this article aims to identify the exemption criteria of development charges for the subdivision and partition among family members by referencing its administration in Johor. The method used in this study is a face-to-face interview with six respondents from land administration and development practitioners. As a result, the criteria firmly stated that the development charges exemption will be applied for the purpose of a gift within the family members through the proof of direct linear relationship between the co-proprietors with particular conditions that shall be adhered to. Through this article, the development charges exemption execution may provide insights that can facilitate the co-proprietors and jurisdictions in Malaysia regarding multiple land ownership issues.

The Land Problem in KHUC HAO'S Reform in the 10th Century

The reform initiated by Khuc Hao was the first reform in the history of Vietnam carried out in the context that the country had just gained autonomy from the Duong Dynasty (China). With the positive contents of the reform program, it has made many important contributions to the solid construction of the nation's autonomous government after a period of arduous struggle. Accordingly, the land issue has had certain adjustments compared to the Chinese domination period, which has had a strong impact on the economic and social changes of the country. The paper focuses on studying the basic issues of land ownership in Khuc Hao's reform program, through which it outlines the basic characteristics of Vietnam's land ownership in the early days of gaining autonomy. The research results will contribute to adding useful references on land issues in the history of the Vietnamese nation in the early 10th century.

Konflik Lahan Bandara Melalan Di Kampung Gemuhan Asa Kabupaten Kutai Barat

This research aims at finding the root causes and conflict resolution process between local community of Gemuruh Asa Village and the Kutai Barat Indonesian Air Force Base (TNI AU) on the land ownership issue of Melalan Airport, claimed by both parties. This study uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques of bibliographical study, field observation, interviews and documentary research. Findings show that the conflicts between the community and the Indonesian Air Force occurred due to differing land ownership claims, where the community claims that their land is inherited from their ancestors while the Indonesian Air Force says the land belongs to state and, as a state organ, the Air Force must protect this state asset. Administratively, the people of Gemuhan Asa village do not have land ownership certificates, but customary rights are not solely related to “paper as proof”. The use of rigid claims based on formal law and customary law by respective parties would not solve the conflict, while the use of some alternative conflict resolution approach in the form of negotiation and mediation needs commitment, effort, trust, and time. Keywords: TNI AU, local community, conflict, Melalan Airport, Kutai Barat

Understanding black landowner’s engagement in forestry in Georgia, United States: a closer look

ABSTRACT Black rural land ownership and agriculture in the U.S. South have declined markedly over the past century. The challenges of farming and the rise of off-farm employment mean that forestry is often the most appropriate productive land use choice, yet engagement in forest management is often limited in Black landowners. The literature has identified the primary obstacles for forestry as land ownership issues such as heirs’ property, a disconnect between Black landowners and forestry professionals, and poor access to the conservation assistance programs supporting family forestry. Yet our understanding of these factors is incomplete. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of the factors influencing forestry engagement by Black landowners in the U.S. South based on in-person, semi-structured interviews and analysis of the resulting quantitative and qualitative data. The results suggest that past discrimination has often led to smaller landholdings and insecure land tenure, which limit forestry engagement. In addition, we find that forestry engagement is further hindered by family disagreement, as well as research and outreach initiatives that fail to acknowledge traditional forest use and management practices and narrowly focus on technical forestry while ignoring social contexts.

On the issue of joint land ownership in Ukraine

Transformation of property relations has determined the need to find modern legal constructions for the settlement of joint ownership of land and property. The article states that the most common practice is the design of adjacent territories only after the preparation of a land management project commissioned by condominiums in the relevant project organization. It is determined that the improvement of ownership mechanisms, especially in the land sphere, has led to the abandonment of collective ownership, which requires further development of modern forms of land ownership, as well as effective regulation of joint ownership of land and property. It is proved that the co-owners of apartment buildings have the right to exercise the relevant rights as well as, in particular, registration of the right to land without the creation of condominiums. Although before the adoption of this law, the registration of land rights took place only through condominiums or other service entities. Registration of land ownership directly by apartment building co-owners may create some difficulties with the registration of all co-owners, as the number and composition of such co-owners may change constantly due to the acquisition and alienation of apartments in apartment buildings. The peculiarity of the right of joint ownership is that all third parties, despite the plurality of co-owners, must deal not with a set of separate wills or expressions of will of each co-owner, but with a single, joint expression of will of several entities. The necessity of further theoretical substantiation and normative consolidation of the right of apartment building co-owners to directly acquire and exercise the right of joint ownership of the adjacent territory and the possibility of exercising the relevant right indirectly through the condominiums created by them.