Aesthetic Issues Research Articles

Autour des congrès des écrivains et artistes noirs et des festivals panafricains – entretien avec Sarah Frioux-Salgas

Black Writers’ and Artists’ Congresses and Pan-African Festivals - values and issues of intellectual debates and artistic events from the 1950s to today - interview with Sarah Frioux-Salgas Focusing on the major intellectual debates surrounding the Black and African Renaissance, the interview with Sarah Frioux-Salgas, head of archives and collections’ resources at the Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac media library, covers topics such as the role of Black writers’ and artists’ congresses and art festivals in the cultural reaffirmation of Black people during the decolonization era of the 1950s-60s, the place of literature in the shaping of Black pan-African and transcontinental solidarity, the figure of the Black intellectual, particularly that of Léopold Sédar Senghor, and the networks of ideological affinities and antagonisms formed by Black writers, artists and activists. The interview aims to highlight the complexity of the socio-political and aesthetic issues at stake, all too often summed up in simplified definitions of projects such as negritude or Pan-Africanism.

Digital Analysis of a Novel Impression Method Named the Biological-Oriented Digital Impression Technique: A Clinical Audit

This report aims to clinically evaluate the feasibility of a novel biological-oriented digital impression method for teeth prepared with a vertical preparation technique. Something that makes this case unique is that the definitive impression is taken without cord displacement, reducing the invasiveness for the patient. In addition, dental technicians can reproduce the exact emergence profile of the temporary restoration used to reshape the soft tissue contours and define the accurate finish line at the established prosthetic junction, potentially avoiding the aesthetic and biological issues of the double-cord technique. The finish line and emergence profile are transferred using the temporary restoration through a simple CAD procedure performed using the same software used to take the impression. This makes the proposed biological-oriented digital impression technique (BODIT) easy to perform, avoiding adjunctive time and costs for clinicians and patients. Conclusions: Finally, patients' satisfaction could be significantly improved.

Is the Orthodontic Smile Considered as Aesthetic in Adult Patients?

In the last five years, pioneer studies were carried out in the Egas Moniz University Clinic surrounding the mental representation of the smile, centred on adolescent patients wearing orthodontic appliances, emerging with the results obtained as a new form of categorizing the perfect smile: The Orthodontic Smile. The present study is qualitative and exploratory and aims to understand the importance of the self-perception (mental representation) of the smile, now with the help of a new age range - Adult Patients. The sample consists of 100 subjects in the adult phase (25–59 y), namely patients wearing orthodontic appliances who were asked to draw two percepts about the self-perception of their own smile in two distinct moments: the first drawing, corresponding to before the wear of the orthodontic appliance (M1), and the second one, corresponding to drawing their smile after undergoing the orthodontic treatment (M2). The content analysis of the 200 drawings obtained was realized through a grid of content analysis, constituted by categories and subcategories. The patients also filled out a sociodemographic questionnaire, in which they responded to four open-ended questions in relation to the mental representation of the smile. Regarding the content analysis of the narrative, we highlight the fact that a Nice Smile seems to be mostly described as a Natural Smile and Aligned, being a motive for the seeking of dental treatment, primarily aesthetic issues, followed by functional considerations. When comparing the drawings before (M1) and after (M2) the wear of orthodontic appliances, the Category Broad Smile, is set up as the smile chosen as the most aesthetic. It seems that aesthetic motives represent the motivational power for the patient in the adult phase, when they decide to look for Orthodontic treatment.

All-in-one-piece type prosthesis combining an obturator, a facial prosthesis, and glasses for the rehabilitation of midfacial defect and its speech evaluation: A clinical report

This case report describes the use of an all-in-one-type prosthesis that combines an obturator, a facial prosthesis, and glasses in a 70-year-old man with a mid-facial defect caused by oral squamous cell carcinoma. The patient had undergone maxillary resection and postoperative recovery with an obturator; however, slurred speech, water leakage from the nose, and aesthetic issues persisted. The all-in-one-type prosthesis was designed to improve speech and aesthetics by connecting the obturator and facial prosthesis with a magnet and connecting the epithese to the glasses. The prosthesis was fabricated by a dental technician, who created a wax pattern of the epithese directly on the patient's face and used it to fabricate a custom-made epithelial prototype. The final prosthesis was fitted and adjusted for optimal position and comfort. The improvement in speech function was evaluated via formant analysis and nasalance evaluation and found to be satisfactory. (Int J Maxillofac Prosthetics 2023;6:20-24)

Evaluation of the Effect of Hyaluronic Acid Injection on the Reconstruction of Reduced Interdental Papillae in Patients Referred to Shiraz School of Dentistry.

The occurrence of papillary defects adjacent to teeth or dental implants causes both the dental staff and the patients to be concerned about the esthetic issues. Interdental papilla reconstruction surgery is one of the most difficult and unpredictable mucogingival surgeries. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of hyaluronic acid injection in the reconstruction of the interdental papilla. This clinical trial study was conducted on four patients with 20 deficient interdental papillae who met the inclusion criteria. At first, local anesthesia was applied. Afterward, 0.2 mL of 1.6% hyaluronic acid (HA) gel was injected (at the tip of the papilla and 2-3 mm below the tip of the papilla) three times every two weeks. At baseline, three, and six months later, clinical photography was taken under standard conditions. The papilla height (the distance between the interdental papilla tip and the basis), black triangle area, and the distance between the interdental papilla tip and contact point of adjacent teeth were all measured using Image J software. The effectiveness of using HA gel in reducing the black triangle area was 85.06%. Furthermore, the papilla length increased by 70.256% while contact to papilla distance decreased by 83.026%. At different times, the values of the studied variables in the three levels were significantly different (p< 0.05). Injection of HA with 1.6% concentration at two points of the interdental papilla was effective in interdental papilla reconstruction at the aesthetic zone, especially in long-term, follow-ups (especially 6 months).

Le Fort I and nasal fracture, primary reduction, and secondary revision saddle nose: A case report

Maxillofacial trauma is a common clinical situation in emergency rooms. Lesions involving the maxillofacial complex pose a significant public health challenge, not only due to their costs but also because of the potential functional and aesthetic issues that patients may experience. While some fractures are more suitable for delayed treatment, others necessitate immediate attention, requiring intervention within 24 hours of the trauma occurrence. Different types of reduction and fixation exist depending on the patient’s age, location, type of fracture, and the surgeon’s preferences. We reported a case of a 20-year-old female patient diagnosed with Le Fort I bilateral fracture and closed nasal fracture followed by saddle nose. The patient was managed with open reduction internal fixation and closed reduction nasal bone. The saddle nose in the patient was managed four months later by augmentation rhinoplasty with rib cartilage and pearl fat graft. Proper management of Le Fort I fracture and nasal fracture accompanied with saddle nose by open reduction internal fixation and augmentation rhinoplasty with rib cartilage and pearl fat graft can restore occlusion and improve symmetrical, proportional facial aesthetics, which is the indicators of a successful holistic maxillofacial trauma management.

From the sensitive thing to the aesthetic thing: The passage from instrumentalization to the configuration of the world

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Through Heidegger’s re-reading of Descartes, this article explores a fundamental issue in the contemporary conception of worldliness. In a restricted sense, the human being is the maker of the world in that he appropriates what composes it, i.e., the worldly beings or things. Greatly influenced by the Cartesian notion of extensio, this tendency no longer entails the world as a thing in itself, but as a set of measurable things, thus available and open to activity.&#x0D; This article articulates the threat relative to the idea of the forming, by the human being, of the essence of the world. Every being, be it an object, an animal or even a human being, seems to be considered as a producer of energy and a structure that could be possessed. For example, such natural space is not campaign or land, but automatically field, that is to say, an agricultural deposit that is symbolically exploited and empirically exploitable. This ontological device prevents us from grasping the world in any other way than in terms of use and productivity.&#x0D; As a result, the ontology of the thing becomes an aesthetic issue in its own right. This issue does not involve here the capture of the object as a bearer of Beauty, but an aesthetic relation in the fundamentally etymological sense (αἰσθητικός) of what is felt, of what is sensible and perceptible. The need for an aesthetic rereading of the world and the things that stand in it presupposes, therefore, the evolution of the human gaze and a metaphysical approach to worldliness, detached from the instrumentalization of the beings and focused on their presence or their proximity. This article aims at demonstrating the necessity of a real human aesthetic responsibility, which can be concretized in the metaphysical thought of the thing that the human being unfolds, by considering it as the persistence in the world of an object whose ontological disposition could never be neutral.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Uso terapêutico do plasma rico em plaquetas na prevenção de cicatrizes inestéticas em animais e humanos

The development of skin lesions can cause the presence of scars, which are associated to aesthetic issues, especially in women. The use of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in post-surgery showed a better degree of healing, with less marks and discomfort due to the production of anti-inflammatory mediators and better tissue repair. Our objective is to promote a survey of the results obtained by published studies regarding the effectiveness of the therapeutic use of PRP in the healing of wounds in animals and humans. To achieve our aim, we conducted a review, with articles from digital platforms, from 2000 and 2023, which used people or animals, who used RPR and who had a description of the effectiveness of the procedure. There were identified 16/94 articles that met the criteria, where in addition to humans, research also used rabbits, rodents, dogs, and horses. PRP was prepared in heterologous, homologous, and autologous ways, and used in lesions with delayed healing, burns, as an adjuvant in grafting, in cutaneous tissue with an accelerated aging process and in postoperative scars from plastic surgery. Regardless the administration, all studies agreed that its repairing effect is greater in the early stages of healing. With this, we highlight that PRP can be a good therapeutic resource in healing complications, and although there is still no established protocol for collection and prepare, it presents promising results in the surgical postoperative period. However, we suggest that more studies must be carried out, as well as a protocol be standardized to obtain and use PRP in a safe and reliable way.

Design and Assessment of Digital Musical Devices Yielding Vibrotactile Feedback

Touch has a pivotal importance in determining the expressivity of musical performance for a number of musical instruments. However, most digital musical devices provide no interactive force and/or vibratory feedback to the performer, thus depriving the somatosensory channel of a number of cues. Is the lack of haptic feedback only an aesthetic issue, or does it remove cues essential for digital instrument playing? If so, at which level is the interaction objectively impoverished? What are the effects on musical performance? In this survey article we illustrate our recent research about the use of vibrotactile feedback in three digital instrument interfaces, using tools that we developed over several years and made available to the community in open-source form. These interfaces span a wide range of familiarity and gestural opportunities, enabling us to explore the impact of haptic feedback on different types of digital instruments. We conducted experiments with professional musicians to assess the impact of vibratory cues on both the perceived quality of the instrument and the playing experience, as well as on musical performance. Particular attention was paid to scientific rigor and repeatability of the results, so as to serve as a reference for researchers and practitioners of the musical haptics community. Our results suggest a significant role of vibrotactile feedback in shaping the perception of digital musical instruments, although the effects on musical performance varied depending on the interfaces tested.

Locally Based Architectural Construction Strategies in Rural China: Textual Analysis of Architects’ Design Thinking

The distinctive constraints and opportunities present in rural China underscore the importance of exploring sustainable architectural construction models in such areas. Architects engaged in rural projects have contributed design thinking that incorporates construction operations in response to local elements, resulting in significant benefits for the sustainability of rural construction. This study investigates these design approaches as locally based architectural construction strategies and seeks to identify their latent wisdom as a reference for future practices through the textual analysis of 63 articles showcasing outstanding architectural design in rural China. By organizing related design thinking with respect to three key elements, extracting these elements, and analyzing their correlations from the textual descriptions, 14 types of locally based architectural construction strategies are identified. Via analysis and discussions of these types, this research identifies the paramount concerns in Chinese rural architectural practices as revolving around fundamental issues of technology, livability, and aesthetics. These fundamental issues emphasize different kinds of sustainability—the pursuit of sustainability in local-based rural construction activity through diverse technological explorations, environmental sustainability through special building envelope designs, and cultural sustainability through the establishment of new local rural aesthetics with material and other visible expressions.

Uzma Aslam Khan's Thinner Than Skin and Prospects for Aesthetic Appreciation

The present study argues that the novel Thinner than Skin is not intended to be read as a depiction of the beautiful scenery of northern Pakistan. Instead, the beauty of the landscape's surface masks the bleak/painful reality beneath. As a result, aesthetic issues in Thinner than Skin revolves around whether or not the underlying sufferings that contradict the sublime should be taken into account when appraising the creative worth of works of fiction. When reading the story from Schopenhauer's point of view, this lends new meanings and an existential difficulty to the aesthetic beauty of the aforementioned locations.

“Experiencing Trauma”: Aesthetical, Sensational and Narratological Issues of Traumatic Representations in Slasher Horror Cinema

In the field of horror film studies, the question of trauma is generally related to the spectator’s experience. The trauma of images occurs in the context of socio-cultural actualization. The degree of violence involved in the images, either graphic or symbolic, implies an experience that marks the viewer. Trauma, in this way, acts as a sensitive degree of perception, the image being an event. We start from this theoretical point but decide to take as our object of study only films where the horrific experience is based on a figurative representation of trauma. Therefore, we want to detach ourselves from a symbolic reading of the horrific image, leaving aside the psychological implications of the image’s effect. We decide to adopt a phenomenological and enactive reading of the image in order to include our spectatorial sensations in the narrative and aesthetic analysis of the representations issues of trauma as a horrific experience. Thus, in our corpus, trauma does not intervene in the cognitive formation of the spectator but is built into the experience of the filmic corpse according to a visual and narrative continuity specific to the films. We designate two types of traumatic events that occur in the corpus films: Halloween II; Friday the 13th: A New Beginning. We try to understand the emergence of the traumatic feeling within the spectator and demonstrate that the trauma experienced by the viewer arises from the horrific experience specific to the aesthetic and narrative aims of the films, mirroring the symptoms and the wounds of the characters.

Injection technique of the upper face with onabotulinumtoxinA in chronic migraine.

The objective is to review the technique of onabotulinumtoxinA injection treatment in the glabellar and frontal regions using the PREEMPT (Phase III REsearch Evaluating Migraine Prophylaxis Therapy) paradigm, with review of the aesthetic issues related to the procedure. OnabotulinumtoxinA is an effective medication for the prevention of chronic migraine. The PREEMPT injection paradigm has been validated in randomized clinical trials and real-world settings. This treatment includes injections in the forehead and glabella area. In addition, for aesthetic uses, glabella onabotulinumtoxinA injections are done in similar muscles specifically the procerus, corrugator supercilii, and frontalis muscles. Often patients who have been injected with onabotulinumtoxinA for chronic migraine have concerns about their appearance and will ask if they can see an aesthetic injector to improve this. This is a difficult issue as onabotulinumtoxinA should be injected with an interval of 10-12 weeks to avoid development of antibodies against onabotulinumtoxinA, so all injections (migraine and aesthetic) should ideally be done close together; however, if an aesthetic injection is done on the same day as a PREEMPT injection, the effect of the PREEMPT injection will not yet be visible as it takes time for onabotulinumtoxinA effects to be seen. Thus, there is a risk of a potential overdose in a particular area if aesthetic injections are done without input from the PREEMPT injector. This is a narrative review supported by photographic documentation showing the technique of onabotulinumtoxinA injection of the upper face, considering anatomical differences between patients, and combining the needs in neurology and aesthetic medicine fields. Practitioners treating chronic migraine often modify some of the principles of the PREEMPT paradigm. Many practitioners are unsure about injections in the glabellar and frontal areas. The authors present a technique for using the PREEMPT protocol and adapting this to the individual patient's anatomy to prevent an unsightly appearance or ptosis. In addition, sites are provided where an aesthetic injector could inject to improve the patient's appearance without overlapping with the PREEMPT injection sites. Adherence to the PREEMPT injection protocol provides an evidence-based approach to achieving clinical benefit for patients with chronic migraine. Aesthetic elements of the treatment of the glabella and forehead require additional attention. The authors provide practical considerations and recommendations regarding this.

PAOO Technique for The Bimaxillary Protrusion: A Case Report

Background: Bimaxillary protrusion is a common malocclusion that can lead to functional and aesthetic issues. Conventional orthodontic treatment may not always be effective, and surgical approaches can be invasive. The Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) technique is a minimally invasive alternative that involves corticotomy and orthodontic treatment. Objective: This case report aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the PAOO technique for the correction of bimaxillary protrusion in a 16-year-old female patient. Methods: The PAOO technique involved corticotomy and piezocision on a 16-year-old female patient undergoing orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance. The patient was being followed up for 18 months after orthodontic appliance placement with premolars extractions but did not get any favorable result and was referred by the Department of Orthodontics to undergo corticotomy procedure. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated using cephalometric and occlusal analyses. Results: The PAOO technique significantly improved the patient’s skeletal and dental parameters. The maxillary and mandibular incisors were retracted, resulting in a significant improvement in the patient’s profile. The occlusal analysis showed good intercuspation and a stable occlusion. Conclusion: The PAOO technique is a viable option for the correction of bimaxillary protrusion, as it can achieve significant improvements in skeletal and dental parameters with minimal invasiveness. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and compare the PAOO technique with conventional surgical and orthodontic approaches.

Secondary surgery techniques to optimise functional and aesthetic outcomes in orofacial clefting.

Although the goal of primary surgery is to avoid the need for secondary surgery, in a proportion of patients this is not always possible. Secondary, or revisional, surgery is frequently undertaken in patients with orofacial clefts and may present a complex and challenging problem for the multidisciplinary team. There are a broad range of functional and aesthetic issues that secondary surgery might aim to address. These include palatal fistulae (that may be symptomatic for air, fluid or food), velopharyngeal insufficiency (typically manifesting with decreased intelligibility or nasal regurgitation), suboptimal cleft lip scars (that can significantly impact upon the psychosocial wellbeing of the patient), and nasal asymmetry (that is frequently accompanied by nasal airway concerns). Unilateral and bilateral clefts are each associated with a characteristic nasal deformity that requires a tailored surgical approach. Suboptimal maxillary growth in repaired orofacial clefts may impact negatively on both appearance and function; surgical correction through orthognathic surgery can be transformational for the patient. The general dental practitioner, cleft orthodontist and restorative dentist all play a critical role in this process.

From board games to immersive urban imaginaries: Visualization fidelity's impact on stimulating discussions on urban transformation

Given the increasing importance of public participation in urban transformation processes, serious games have emerged as a promising tool for fostering active engagement and constructive dialogue. By providing insights into opposing arguments and helping navigate complex trade-offs, serious games can support informed decision-making and promote collaborative solutions. Although digital media are increasingly used in games, applications in serious games are still in their infancy. Furthermore, previous research has primarily focused on resource use rather than on the impact of media on the debate itself. Additionally, there has been little investigation into the role of soft factors, such as aesthetics and interests, in multi-stakeholder discussions, especially as they may be influenced by the medium in immersive serious games. In this contribution, we demonstrate how a three-dimensional realistic serious game triggers different argumentation patterns compared to a board game. The serious game engages the players in a case study in Hochdorf, a Swiss suburban municipality that is stuck in urban transformation. The serious game is based on point-cloud LiDAR data that can be modified using three-dimensional hand-drawn sketches to visualize urban transformation measures. We found that aesthetical issues are discussed and emotional factors are expressed more often in the closer-to-reality game than in the board game. Immersive visualizations influence the discussion about urban transformations as the expression of visions and world views is more straightforward for stakeholders, and the patterns of argumentation appear more diverse.

AESTHETIC DIMENSIONS OF IVAN ZIAZIUN’S PEDAGOGICAL HERITAGE

The article examines various aspects of the philosophical, pedagogical, and ethical-aesthetic ideas of academician Ivan Andriyovych Ziaziun, which occupy a significant place in his multifaceted scientific heritage. According to I. Ziaziun, the philosophical categories of “goodness”, “beauty” and “freedom” always stand for Truth, which embodies the deep meaning of human worldview and comprehension of existence, the search for the human spirit, and the creation of humanistic ideals. The categories of aesthetics, aesthetic education, pedagogical skills, pedagogical action of a teacher, and spiritual development of an individual through the Beauty captured in art play an essential role in the professional growth of teachers.&#x0D; It is advisable to study the scientific heritage of the outstanding Ukrainian scientist and teacher I. Ziaziun, looking for ways to implement his ideas in modern pedagogical practice. As Ivan Andriyovych convincingly proves, aesthetic values of consciousness concentrate humanistic ideals, goals, motives, intentions, and moods that determine the position and behavior of a teacher, positively impact the humanistic orientation of an organization of pedagogical actions of lecturers and teachers, are the basis for the development and improvement of the subjective-emotional component of consciousness – the value knowledge of both those who teach and those who study. According to I. Ziaziun, the issues of aesthetics and ethics, pedagogical education, and aesthetic education should be significant components of the national cultural policy and national education of young people, as they are the basis for the spiritual development of an individual.

A pilot study evaluating the anti-aging benefits of a CO2 -emitting facial mask.

Since 1936, injectable carboxytherapy has been used for the treatment of circulatory issues and lack of tissue trophism. In the last 25 years, it has been applied to aesthetic issues, especially those related to the signs and symptoms of skin aging. Presently, carboxytherapy is available as a combination of transcutaneous gels that produce CO2 with benefit for atrophic skin. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a topical carboxy mask on facial photoaging after short term use of 4 weeks and long term use of 10 weeks. The short term study was conducted for 14 days after 3 times weekly application of the facial mask for 1 h followed by a regression phase with evaluations at days 21 and 28. 11 healthy female subjects age 45-75 years were enrolled. Subjects applied the facial mask for 45 min, 3 times per week during the 2-week treatment period. The long term study was conducted for 10 weeks on 35 subjects 35-65 years with mild to moderate facial photoaging of Fitzpatrick skin types I-VI. Subjects underwent photography, elasticity, hydration, and VAS questionnaire assessments. The short term 4 week study demonstrated improvement in laser-Doppler measured blood flow and skin hydration. The long term 10 week study demonstrated improvement in firmness (16%, p = 0.001), sagging (9%, p = 0.023), and overall skin appearance (12%, p = 0.002). These findings were supported by the retraction time decrease at week 10 (-10%, p = 0.05). The combination of two gels produced the liberation of CO2 , which improved short term skin hydration after 4 weeks of use and improved longer term skin elasticity after 10 weeks of use.

Stone Slurry in Cement Concrete for Sustainable Use in Civil Engineering Work

The stone industry’s waste is to blame for a slew of environmental issues. The stone waste is rarely degradable and contribute to environmental hazards. The flowing of stone slurry with rainwater also pollutes the water bodies. This contaminated water has an impact on irrigation and drinking water supplies. Fine particles of by inhaling the stone slurry that flew with the air blasts, a major health concern was created. Fine particles of stone slime buildup on the leaves of plants, trees, and other vegetation, causing aesthetic issues. As 70 percent of wastes and only 30% of major product recovery contribute to the highest amount of indestructible wastes, plants and trees perish as a result of stone dust accumulation over leaf vegetation. The most effective method of reducing stone slurry pollution is to use it in bulk. The building sector is the only industry that can consume substantial amounts of stone slurry. The fineness modulus is 0.91, and the specific gravity is 2.61. Stone slurry replaces 30% of the sand in Cement Concrete, resulting in more strength than the Control, which is 1:1.5:3 Cement Concrete with 0% Stone slurry. In the building business, stone slurry may be easily used to make cement concrete.

A review on 3D printing maxillofacial surgery: Present work and future prospects

The medical field is only one area that stands to benefit from the rapidly expanding capabilities of 3D printing. In the past several years, advances in technology have allowed oral and maxillofacial surgeons to provide better care for their patients. This article provides a brief summary of the present state of 3D printing in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Patient-specific implants created using computer-assisted design aid in the superior imitation of the original anatomical form. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the present applications of 3D printing in the field of maxillofacial surgery for the treatment of face deformities, aesthetic issues and jaw diseases. The medical and dental fields have seen a surge in interest in the use of additive manufacturing. Their growing use on patients has been attributed to better quality and cost effectiveness. This review simply summarized the numerous methods utilised in Bio printing, as well as their varied benefits and drawbacks. While the results of the preliminary studies have been encouraging, additional study is needed before this technology can be practical and affordable. As this technology is adopted more broadly, many more technological and regulatory hurdles will need to be cleared.