Islamist Research Articles

Political Rituals and Ideological Competition: The Emergence of an “Islamic” May Day in Turkey

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the decoding of some of the many aspects of Islamism—labour relations in Turkey, based on the political rituals that historically operate as self-assertions and self-definitions of the working class. The epicentre of this article is May Day and seeks to analyse the process by which an organic part of the Islamist movement in the country, Hak-İş, dealt with it, through the effort for transformation of the symbolisms, and confrontation for the ideological meaning and social vision of this labour political ritual in Turkey. Through this framework, the study highlights three different stages in the political mobilization of Hak-İş regarding the 1st of May, within the broader framework of a process named ‘loss of proletarity’ and the Confederation’s vision about a classless society. The first stage is that of the absolute denial of the class content and hierarchies in society. The second stage is the process of the ‘reluctant adoption’ of May Day, combined with strategies to transform its material culture. Finally, the third stage is the attempt to ‘nationalise/Islamise’ this political ritual through the organization of separate May Day mobilizations in various cities in Anatolia.

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The phenomenon of unregistered marriage raises pros and cons in a multicultural society. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with framing analysis by Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M. Kosicki. Identifying through the four structures of syntax, script, thematic, and rhetorical. The final step is examined from the perspective of Islamic journalism. This research aims to determine the construction of news in the online media Kompas.com and Republika.co.id. Next, it is analyzed using an Islamic journalism perspective. The object of the research is 6 news stories about serial marriages in the period March-November 2022. This is to see the differences in media construction in framing news. The results of this research are as follows: first, in the construction aspect Kompas.com and Republika.co.id as a whole both convey information about unregistered marriages which should be avoided by the public. Second, differences in media construction are influenced by respective ideologies. Kompas.com, which has nationalist characteristics, has widely reported on the negative impacts of unregistered marriages. Republika.co.id, which has an Islamic ideology, raised the news with a religious approach. On aspects of Islamic journalism, Kompas.com has not fully implemented the values ​​of the concept of Islamic journalism. Meanwhile, Republika.co.id as a whole has prioritized Islamic concepts over news construction.

Women in Islamic thought and philosophy in Baghdad and Andalusia for two centuries (5-6 AH/11-12 AD

Due to the extensive discourse and scholarly investigation pertaining to the status and involvement of women within the academic and cultural hubs of this particular area, the ongoing disparities and vehement confrontations between adherents and detractors of Islamic ideology regarding the standing and contributions of women persist. Consequently, it is imperative to approach this matter with a discerning outlook that is devoid of prejudiced perspectives and is situated within the framework of the historical epoch. Intellectuals, professionals in the field, and even members of the general public frequently engage in a wide range of discussions regarding women's rights and how their status among Muslims challenges this perception. Our study makes an academic and scientific effort to examine this problem from a Muslim point of view. During the period spanning the fifth and sixth centuries AH, which correspond to the eleventh and twelfth centuries AD, an examination of the historical contexts of Baghdad and Andalusia reveals significant developments. Through meticulous research and thorough analysis of various sources, it is essential to elucidate the perspectives held by Islamic groups and movements on the subject of women. It is imperative to gauge the extent to which societal cultures and traditions permeate religious attitudes towards women. Based on this foundation, a comparative analysis of the viewpoints espoused by Islamic religions and movements in both regions under scrutiny will be undertaken. The study presents the views of scholars and Philosophers in Baghdad and Andalusia, and explains the participation of women in public and cultural activities in both regions.

Strengthening Nadhatul Ulama as Moderate Islam in the Digital Era

The era of the digital, millennial, or Industrial Revolution 4.0 presents numerous challenges and intense competition, necessitating not only global competencies but also critical thinking skills. This is particularly important for Muslims (specifically NU members) to avoid alienation and marginalization. This paper aims to analyze the strengthening of the moderate ideology of NU, which boasts the largest following in Indonesia and significantly influences the nation's civilization. NU, as a moderate Islamic movement, adopts an inclusive approach through the wise use of social media and digital technology, its role in education, promotion of digital literacy, combating hoaxes, and participation in interfaith dialogue. Furthermore, NU promotes an understanding of moderate Islam, fosters peace, and fights extremism amidst the rapid advancement of information technology. Moderate Islam is perceived not merely as a religion but as a civilized way of life. The efforts of NU in the past, present, and future must remain dynamic, continuously adapting to the challenges of the times on a global scale, to build a more advanced Indonesia in the future.

Islam and Indonesian Culture (Rituals and Institutions)

This article explores the relationship between Islam and culture in Indonesia, focusing on aspects of ritual and religious institutions. Indonesia itself has quite a bit of cultural diversity and religious traditions, so this journal aims to investigate various aspects of Islam in life in Indonesia and how this influences rituals and institutions in Indonesia. The first part discussed in this journal is tracing the development of Islam in Indonesia, how Islam is integrated with local culture, and how the Islamic movement in Indonesia influenced the formation of religious rituals and institutions. Then the journal will explore various types of Islamic religious rituals in Indonesia, as well as explore Islamic institutions in forming Islamic identity in Indonesia, as well as explore their relationship with local culture. By presenting an understanding of the relationship between Islam and culture in Indonesia, it is hoped that the journal can contribute to religious, social and cultural studies in Indonesia in the future. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a focus on literature analysis. The research will explore information from relevant journals, books and previous research to gain an in-depth understanding of the role of rituals and religious institutions in the lives of Indonesian society.

Islamist political parties formed through the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood Movement in Egypt

The Muslim Brotherhood movement, which was born in Egypt, has influenced not only Egypt but also coun-tries such as Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco, and many Islamic movements in these countries have beenorganized on the model of the Muslim Brotherhood. The Muslim Brotherhood movement started as a socialand cultural movement, but later on it gained a political character and aspired to govern Egypt. In addition tothe Freedom and Justice Party, which was founded in 2011 under the leadership of Mohamed Morsi and wasinfluential in the Arab Spring process, there are other Islamist parties in Egypt that are related to or influencedby the Muslim Brotherhood movement. These parties, which are less known in the world public opinion, canbe listed as the Wasat Party, the Islamic Labour Party and the Egyptian Current Party. In this study, firstly,the historical course of the Muslim Brotherhood movement is analysed and then the political parties in Egyptthat were founded by or influenced by this movement are presented. Finally, the study concludes with a gen-eral analysis and comparison of these parties.

Al-Attas, Islamization and Pancasila: The Impact of Attasian Thought on Political Islam in Indonesia

This article tracks the influence of specific ideas of the Malaysian Muslim philosopher Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas on Indonesian Islamic political thought. The primary focus of the article is to outline the impact that the adoption of specific concepts from Al-Attas have had on the trajectory of Indonesian Islamic thought and Islamist politics. In particular, it focuses on how the concepts of Islamization and de-Islamization of language has helped bring about a new discourse on the relationship between Islam, Pancasila, and the state. This discourse has been led by a number of Indonesian Islamic political thinkers who studied the thought of Al-Attas in Malaysia and who have subsequently returned to Indonesia, hybridising and spreading these new ideas, exerting a great deal of influence on the Islamist movement in Indonesia.

Hegemoni Partai Keadilan Sejahtera Pada Pilkada Kota Depok 2020

The Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) is an Islamic-based political party that has won the Depok City Regional Election (Pilkada) four times in a row since the first Pilkada was held in the city. The consistent change in leadership in Depok raises questions about PKS’s hegemonic practices to maintain and expand its influence among the people of Depok. This research aims to identify PKS Depok’s hegemonic practices according to Antonio Gramsci’s theory, which emphasizes creating ideological consensus, the role of intellectuals, and political leadership. The study uses qualitative methods, collecting data through interviews and literature review. It is conducted in Depok, focusing on the DPD PKS Depok and the 2020 Depok City regional Election as a case study. The study concludes that Idris-Imam, PKS-backed candidates for Mayor and Vice Mayor of Depok, won the election through the dissemination of the Rahmatan Lil Alamin Islamic ideology, the role of intellectuals such as ustad, and educational institutions, as well as the religious political leadership of Kiai Idris, the former Depok Mayor.

Evaluating the relation between Islam and Ideology in the political thought of Khomeini and Hassan Al-Banna

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between Islam and ideology through the thoughts and works of Ayatollah Khomeini and Hassan al-Banna, who led Islamic movements with their writings and ideas. Ayatollah Khomeini, in his Revolution, garnered the support of the religious community by utilizing the resources of Shia theology, while he owed the support of the secular community to his strong stance against the Shah through his actions. In the process leading to the Revolution, Khomeini constructed societal opposition through religious concepts, and his post-revolutionary efforts to export the regime are operated through the system of guardianship of the jurist (Walayat-i Faqih) that he established. Hassan al-Banna, on the other hand, contributed institutionally through the Muslim Brotherhood organization and theoretically through his conferences and books, by developing the line of thought of renewal movements in religious thinking, represented by figures like Afghani, Abduh, and Rashid Rida. His evaluation of Islam as a "system" in his works has led to the interpretation of Islam as an ideology and the direct establishment of a connection between Islamic identity and ideology. Both thinkers' endeavors, primarily conducted in the name of "Islamic" ideals during their respective eras, have transformed into ideologies that propel the movements of subsequent religious groups.

Pola Konten Pemberitaan Pemilu 2024 dan Ideologi Moderatisme di Media Keislaman Online

This study aims to comprehend the pattern of news content of Indonesia's 2024 presidential election and the ideology on the media suaramuhammadiyah.id and NU online during the presidential election campaign. Using a qualitative content analysis method, this study found that the news content of the two online Islamic media had different patterns in issue selection and source determination. Meanwhile, in the category of content tendencies, the two online media showed relatively the same pattern, that is, both were neutral. This study also found that the news content of the media suaramuhammadiyah.id and NU online was influenced by the ideology of moderation. This can be seen from the tendency of the content of the two online media which disseminated moderate Islamic ideology developed by Muhammadiyah and NU. The tendency of neutrality is in accordance with the values of Muhammadiyah and NU moderation, as contained in the doctrine of Muhammadiyah's "Islam Berkemajuan" (Progressive Islam) and NU's "Islam Nusantara" (Islam of the Archipelago).

Review of Wahhābism: The History of a Militant Islamic Movement

Wahhābism: The History of a Militant Islamic Movement. By Cole M. Bunzel. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2023. Pp. xvii + 385. $39.95, £35.

The Concept of Hope in Islamic Traditional Ideology: A Discussion on Imam Al-Ghazali’s Thoughts

Imam Abu Hamid Muhammad Al-Ghazâli, a renowned scholar of Islamic traditional ideology, has left a significant impact through his writings on the subject. In the modern era, the rapid pace of technological advancement has led to a prevalent sense of psychological distress among individuals. Various approaches to social interaction have emerged, influencing human relationships based on needs, ethical principles, integrity, values, and cultural boundaries. Amidst these societal dynamics, the concept of hope has gained prominence as a means of navigating through challenging circumstances. Motivational speakers often espouse the virtue of hope, providing solace and inspiration in times of adversity, thereby potentially saving lives and sustaining motivation beyond existential fears. This article aims to analyze the concept of hope within the traditional ideology of Islam, drawing upon the teachings of Muhammad Al-Ghazali. It delves into the significance of hope within society and explores the repercussions of its decline, both individually and collectively. Furthermore, the article examines the sociological complications and diseases that may arise in the absence of hope and proposes religious remedies as suggested by Islam in general, and Muhammad Al-Ghazâli in particular, through his writings.

Implementation of the Islamic Religious Education Curriculum at Alam Jomin Elementary School

One important component in the world of education is the curriculum, the curriculum can be defined as a program aimed at and designed for students. In its true definition, Islamic religious education can be said to be an educational system that can show human life in accordance with Islamic ideology, so that they can achieve peace and prosperity throughout their lives.The Indonesian Natural School is a school that was founded in order to produce efforts to develop an education system that is carried out in the open air so that students receive direct learning from all living creatures in the natural surroundings.

The Existence of Islamic Politics Against Heterodox of Islamic Movements in Indonesia: Post-Independence Rifa'iyah Sect

This research explains the relationship between politics and Islamic movements which influence each other with their respective roles in society. Political discussions include power, ideology, legitimacy, government, state, nation and others. The political consequences have had a huge impact on the orthodoxy and heterodoxy of the Islamic movement in Indonesia. This study focuses on the Rifa'iyah case in the 20th century AD. The Rifa'iyah group is heterodox because it is considered to deviate from Islamic teachings in general. This causes heterodox groups to experience discrimination and prohibitions from the Central Java Prosecutor's Decree. The uniqueness of Rifa'iyah's living pattern is in groups and in rural areas. This minority group received political asylum and blended into society until their struggle succeeded in revoking the prohibition decree. Especially the emergence of reform which has become the political aspirations of the Islamic community. This research is a qualitative type using a social-historical approach. The data collection method is library research, while the data analysis method is descriptive analysis. The research results show that politics has a role as accommodative, hegemonic and power. Rifa'iyah's strategy is to adjust its political role to regain its legality by collaborating with political parties, studying academically by holding seminars, and taking advantage of the reform period. The existence of politics can dissolve or maintain heterodox.

Ibn Khaldūn and Kınalızāde’s Concept of Dāʾirat al-Siyāsah: A Rethinking of Modern Politics from A Civilisational Perspective

This paper demonstrates that Islamic civilisation is characterised by a unique circular model of political and administrative system as articulated by Ibn Khaldūn and his Ottoman successor, Kınalızāde, in the concept of the circle of politics (dāʾirat al-siyāsah). It offers a new perspective to the current quest for good governance from a Khaldunian perspective by presenting an alternative way of restructuring contemporary politics and society in a circular order for a more effective and egalitarian system open to citizen participation. The pyramidal governance structure, having no roots in Islamic political theory and practice, positions the subjects at the bottom of the political hierarchy and the ruler at its pinnacle, which leads to significant disparities. Conversely, the circular system espouses an egalitarian and participatory political order rooted in the sunnah of Prophet Muḥammad. This model, embraced by Muslims for centuries until the era of colonisation, engenders a more inclusive and engaging approach to governance. Furthermore, this study contends that the circular model of governance is applicable beyond political institutions to a larger range of social entities as a method of reforming and improving them.

Amaliyah and Struggle: Comparation of Interpretations of Muhammadiyah Sumbar and LDII Sumbar Towards Jihad Verses and Hadith

This study aims to describe the construction of religious institutions in West Sumatra, especially Muhammadiyah and the Indonesian Islamic Da'wah Council (LDII) West Sumatra regarding the meaning of jihad, as well as to explain the attitude of these religious institutions towards acts of terror in the name of jihad. Qualitative methods were used in this study with data obtained through interviews, documentation, and literature studies, both from books, scientific articles, books, and news. Social construction theory of Peter L Berger to explain the construction of Muhammadiyah and LDII West Sumatra religious institutions about the meaning of jihad. The results showed that Muhammadiyah West Sumatra interpreted jihad in the form of Jihad Amaliyah. The concept of jihad was revealed in various forms of movement, namely Muhammadiyah as an Islamic Movement, Muhammadiyah as the Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar Islamic Da'wah Movement, Muhammadiyah as the Tajdid Movement. The understanding of jihad is then internalized into various forms of programs ranging from da'wah, education, health, social services and humanity. The LDII defines jihad in the sense of struggle. This understanding of jihad can be seen in the internalization of the five West Sumatra LDII cluster programs. Both institutions both reject the meaning of jihad in the sense of war in the Indonesian context. The jihad that is carried out is moderate.

Fenomena Krismuha (Kristen-Muhammadiyah) dalam Pandangan Abdul Mu’ti: Perspektif Hermeneutika Jorge J. E. Gracia

This article delves into the phenomenon known as “Krismuha” (Kristen-Muhammadiyah), which refers to the dynamic interaction and relationship between Christian and Muhammadiyah communities, as discussed in Abdul Mu’ti’s work, Kristen Muhammadiyah. The study focuses on such interactions within predominantly non-Muslim regions, employing Jorge Gracia’s hermeneutic theory as an analytical framework. The primary questions explored are: (1) how Abdul Mu’ti conceptualizes the Krismuha phenomenon in Kristen Muhammadiyah, and (2) how this phenomenon can be interpreted through the lens of Jorge Gracia’s hermeneutics. The research utilizes a qualitative methodology, relying on library-based research techniques. The findings indicate that Abdul Mu’ti was motivated to write Kristen Muhammadiyah due to the naturally evolving relationship between Christians and Muhammadiyah members, characterized by voluntary association, mutual comfort, and openness, while still maintaining distinct identities. This unity exemplifies how peaceful coexistence amid diversity—anchored in mutual respect—can foster harmony and well-being within communities. The book further demonstrates that Muhammadiyah, as an Islamic movement, upholds values of pluralism and inclusivity, extending openness to non-Muslim groups.

Hasan al-Turabi's Pragmatic Approach to Establishing an Islamic State in Sudan

This research examines the pragmatic approach of Hasan al-Turabi, a key figure in the Sudanese Islamic movement, in fighting for an Islamic state. Using qualitative analysis that combines the concepts of pragmatism and social movement theory, this study reveals al Turabi's strategy in translating Islamic ideals into political action, including building alliances with various religious factions and exploiting revolutionary momentum. Findings demonstrate al-Turabi's success in advancing Islamization and shaping Sudan's socio-political landscape but also faced challenges in the consistent implementation of Sharia and protection of the rights of marginalized groups. Comparisons with Islamist figures such as Rached Ghannouchi and Recep Tayyip Erdogan highlight the particularities of the Sudanese context and variations in the strategies and outcomes of political Islamist movements. This study deepens our understanding of the complex dynamics between political pragmatism and religious idealism in Muslim countries, with important implications for inclusive governance. Through a critical exploration of al-Turabi's legacy, this research contributes to discussions about the future of Islamic politics that accommodates diversity and protects the rights of marginalized groups.

Becoming an Abla

Abstract This article analyses the performance of homemaking and religious practices of six Turkish Muslim women who made hicret (migration) to Brazil, focusing on the domestic space of their shared apartment. Their reasons to migrate combine personal motivations and a sense of responsibility to spread the world view of the Turkish Islamic movement of which they are participants. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, I explore their everyday practices in the production of an ideal Muslim self and the making of a home in order to understand the effects of the community's domesticities on their individual trajectories. The analysis shows that the performance of those everyday practices produces a moral and affective bond to the movement and its religious leader, conditioning home to a specific spatial and moral structure.

A “Maverick Salafi Political Jihadist” in a Turbulent Period: A Biographical Study of Dr Fauzi

<p>A biographical study through the lens of Mills’ sociological imagination and Erikson’s identity crisis provides a unique understanding of Dr Fauzi AR, a dedicated Islamist. Fauzi grew up in a devout Muslim family in Kauman, Yogyakarta, the heartland of the modernist Islamic organisation Muhammadiyah. He was educated in Muhammadiyah schools and eventually became a qualified medical doctor. He was politically active in the Islamic United Development Party and joined Laskar Jihad, a Salafi-Wahabi paramilitary group, during the inter-religious conflict in Maluku in 2000. This article argues that the political turbulence during the democratic transition in 1998–1999 led Fauzi to have an identity crisis, which spurred his desire to participate in jihad (holy war). Afterwards, Fauzi became a reformed “maverick post-jihadist,” in that he was unpredictable yet competent. He was unorthodox in his methods, remaining active in mainstream political Islam through the United Development Party while also engaging in physical jihad, which is contradictory because participation in partisan politics is forbidden by the Salafi doctrine. He also remained a heavy smoker although smoking is forbidden by Salafi religious decree. He further defied Salafism by supporting his wife in an unsuccessful bid for a seat in the national parliament as a member of the secular-nationalist party Gerindra in the 2009 election. This case study of Fauzi AR reflects the complex and multifaceted nature of political Islam and Islamic movements in the post-Soeharto era, including those who resorted to extremism and violence to achieve greater Islamisation of society.</p>