Modern Islamic Research Articles

MASYARAKAT ISLAM INDONESIA PADA ABAD MODERN DAN KONTEMPORER

The expression of the Indonesian Islamic Community is the response ofMuslims to the development of modernity, so that the big of the Islamic revival isdivided into three groups, namely Islamic revivalisme, Islamic reformisme and Islamicfundamentalisme. Revival Islam gave to several movement groups, including:patienting Islam, traditionalist Islam, orthodox Islam, Neo-revivalisme, andconservative Islam. While reformist Islam gave to several movements, such as:modernist Islam, liberal Islam, substantial Islam, and Neo-modernists. while,fundamentalist Islam gave to radical Islam, militant Islam and even terrorisme.Methodologically the understanding of Islam, the modern and contemporary Islamicthought movements, as stated by loualy sufi consists of two, namely groups that use andapply the classical Islamic system and groups that use the paradigm of modern Westernepistemology in total or with a process of integration between modern scholarship. Westwith the treasures of Islamic scholarship. Based on this, it is worth mentioning that thediversity of Indonesian Muslims as a national treasure must be knitted so that interreligiousharmony is created as a characteristic of the true character of the Indonesiannation.

MENELAAH PEMIKIRAN JASSER AUDA DALAM MEMAHAMI MAQASID SYARIAH

The formulation of legal concepts regarding Islamic law is an exciting theme to study. Islamic law derived from the Qur'an and Hadith was born from the process of interpretation and ijtihad of the scholars whose results may vary. This book presents multidisciplinary research on Islamic legal theory. According to Jasser Auda, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) states that the Human Development Index (HDI) of countries with Muslim populations is still low. Low literacy, education, political and economic participation, empowerment of women, decent standards and quality of life, and level of justice. To develop an analytical theory of Islamic law, maqasid sharia results from research by offering new ideas as a philosophy and basic methodology for current Islamic legal theory. Through two approaches, namely the first, the time and historical approach, Jasser Auda made a historical map of the development of Islamic legal thought starting from the era of traditional Islam, Modern Islam, to Postmodern Islam. Then the second approach, namely through a systems approach which is a kind of anti-modernity-style philosophical approach by bringing the basic concepts commonly used are Cognitive Nature from Islamic Law, looking at the problem as a Wholeness, interrelationships between values (Interrelated Hierarchy), involving various dimensions (Multidimensionality), and prioritizing and prioritizing the subject (purposefulness). The resulting research is in the validation of several ijtihad methodologies that are realized in maqasid sharia. Practically, this concept produces Islamic rules that are conducive to justice, moral values, expected life, and the development of humanity.

The Effect of Religiousity and Emotional Intelligence on the Performance of the Management of the Student Organization with Motivation as Intervening Variable

Islamic Boarding School is a life-oriented Islamic education institution that emphasizes the importance of having a religious attitude and good emotional intelligence in students as a form of motivation that supports good performance and brings the good name of the Islamic boarding school. This study aims to prove how the direct and indirect influence of Religiosity and Emotional Intelligence on performance with motivation as an intervening variable. The sample in this study was the member of the Student Organization of Modern Islamic Boarding School Nurul Hakim Tembung, totaling 47 people. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach using path analysis with multiple linear regression models with SPSS version 20. The results of this study found that religiosity does not affect motivation. Emotional intelligence has a significant effect on motivation. Motivation does not affect performance. Indirectly Religiosity does not affect performance through motivation. Emotional intelligence indirectly does not affect performance through motivation.
 
 Religiosity, Emotional Intelligence, Motivation, Performance.

Resisting Anthropomorphism: Evaluation of Abū Sulaymān Al-Khaṭṭābī’s (D. 388/998) Approach to Ṣifāt Traditions

How ṣifāt traditions (hadiths with explicit anthropomorphic content) should be construed remains contentious in the history of Islamic theology. Contrary to most other Islamic scholars, the Hanbalites and modern Salafis prohibit all forms of interpretation, especially ta’wīl (figurative reading). In their perspective, ta’wīl reflects rationalistic epistemology that prefers reason to revelation. They claimed that all hadith authorities held a negative perception of ta’wīl until Ash’arī theologians altered their opinion in the 4th/10th century. This article argues that ta’wīl acceptance made by hadith scholars was not caused by the theologian’s rationalistic influence. Instead, it was a response to ahl al-ḥadīṭh’s radical anti-rationalism, which amounted to anthropomorphism. Through examining the thought of Abū Sulaymān al-Khaṭṭābī (d. 388/998), a prominent scholar of hadith in the 4/10 century in dealing with ṣifāt traditions, this study demonstrates how ta’wīl played a vital role in a reform effort that aimed at eliminating the anthropomorphism tendency within traditionists and aṣḥāb al-ḥadīth in 4/10 century.

Time, Transcendence in Islamic Thought and an Embrace of “Catholic Modernity”

Abstract Taylor characterizes Western modernity as being very inhospitable to the transcendent, yet also as opening an opportunity for a renewed engagement with the transcendent from within modernity. This debate is also vivid in Islam and I will reconstruct it by focusing on the concept of time (dahr). Some strains in Islam condemned the posture of maximizing the “flourishing of life” within the limits of (a life)time as dahriya because it would, in their eyes, constitute a rejection altogether of the transcendent. This position was seen as the quintessence of “the philosophers” (al Ghazali) and of Western modernity (al Afghani). Opposing this view, I will then explain how and why I can make a rapprochement between Charles Taylor’s proposal of a “Catholic modernity” and Islamic modernity through the lenses of Muhammad Iqbal’s philosophy of time. Through his analysis of the hadith “Do not vilify time, because time is God,” Iqbal shows that time (dahr) should not be considered as the antithesis of transcendence, but that in time, from within dahr, transcendence is present: in “creative evolution” (Bergson), life is not enclosed in immanence, but on the contrary God is manifesting himself under his name dahr.

ثنائية المنهج الديکارتي في الفکر التربوي المعاصر (المشروع الفکري لطه عبد الرحمن أنموذجًا) (دراسة تحليلية)

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على المنهج الديکارتي في الفکر التربوي المعاصر والوصول إلى أهم الأبعاد التربوية لمشروع طه عبد الرحمن الفکري، واستعانت الدراسة بالمنهج الفلسفي الاستقرائي التحليلي، وذلک باستقراء وتحليل عينة قصدية تمثلت بکتابي قواعد لتوجيه الفکر، التأملات في الفلسفة الأولى لرينيه ديکارت، وکتابي: الإنسان الأبتر إلى الإنسان الکوثر، روح الحداثة المدخل إلى تأسيس الحداثة الإسلامية لطه عبد الرحمن، وقد تمثلت النتائج في: 1) استخلاص ثنائيات ديکارت والتي تظهر في أکثر من نوع مثل: (أ) الشک واليقين. (ب) المحاولة والخطأ داخل مجال الفکر التربوي. (ج) العقل والجسد أو العقل والحواس، وهذا يعبر عن المعرفة التي قد تصل عن طريق العقل أو الحواس. (د) العلم التطبيقي هو أساس منهج ديکارت. 2) أهم الأبعاد التربوية لمشروع طه عبد الرحمن: يمثل مشروع طه عبد الرحمن بعدا عميقا في العمل والفکر التربوي حيث أتاح العديد من المساهمات لتطوير وتقديم الفکر التربوي المعاصر تتمثل في: - رفض التقليد مما أتاح الفرصة للبحث عما هو جديد في شئون التربية، وعدم الثبات على ما هو قديم. -وضع قاعدة في حالة الأخذ من الغير وهي اختبار تلک المفاهيم، ومعرفة إذا کانت ملائمة لبيئة الأفراد التي سوف تطبق بينهم والوقوف عليهم بالدليل والحجة. -الدعوى اللغوية والمنطقية في مشروعه أتاحت التفکير بشأن التمييز والاختلاف داخل الفرد في الإطار التربوي حيث لکل طالب أسلوبه الخاص به. - دعوته لتجديد المنهج حتى يمکن فهم التراث أثارت الفکر التربوي حول تغيير الطريقة التي يتناول بها العمل التربوي والتزود بالعدة المنهجية العلمية. The study aimed to identify the Cartesian approach in contemporary educational thought and to reach the most important educational dimensions of Taha Abdel Rahman's intellectual project. The study used the inductive-analytical philosophical approach, by extrapolating and analyzing an intentional sample represented in my books Rules for Guiding Thought, Reflections on First Philosophy by Rene Descartes. And my book: “From the Amputated Man to the Kawthar Man,” “The Spirit of Modernity, the Introduction to the Establishment of Islamic Modernity,” by Taha Abdel Rahman. The results are: 1)Extracting Descartes' binaries, which appear in more than one type, such as: (a) Doubt and certainty. (B) Trial and error within the field of educational thought. (C) The mind and the body or the mind and the senses, and this expresses the knowledge that may arrive through the mind or the senses. (D) Applied science is the basis of Descartes' approach. 2) The most important educational dimensions of the Taha Abdel Rahman project: The Taha Abdel Rahman project represents a deep dimension in educational work and thought, as it made many contributions to the development and presentation of contemporary educational thought represented in: - Rejection of imitation, which provided the opportunity to search for what is new in educational affairs, and not to remain steadfast on what is old. - Setting a rule in the case of taking from others, which is to test these concepts, and find out if they are appropriate for the environment of the individuals that will be applied among them, and to identify them with evidence and argument. The linguistic and logical case in his project allowed thinking about discrimination and differences within the individual in the educational framework, where each student has his own style. -His call to renew the curriculum so that the heritage can be understood provoked educational thought about changing the way in which it deals with educational work and the provision of scientific methodological equipment.

Integrasi Islam Sosialisme dan Paham Komunis dalam Menghadapi Kapitalisme di Padang Panjang (1923-1927)

The results of this study present a historical study of the involvement of a teacher with the title Datuak and several teachers in one of the pesantren, the center of Islamic modernists in Minangkabau and Islamic communists in the early 20th century. As a religious elite, teachers play an important role in the formation of the lives of their students, including in politics. Around 1923-1927, the teachers took a central role in the expansion of the communist seeds to counter colonial government policies, in addition to being prominent pesantren and Datuak teachers. Related to the theme of this study, the interesting thing is that the students and some pesantren teachers joined the PKI, which expressly had a cross-party ideology. This study focuses on how the process and forms of integration of socialism and Islam with communist understanding in the face of capitalism in Padang Panjang. In this case, the author found strong evidence that for some teachers and Datuak at the time, the PKI's values and vision were not contrary to Islamic tradition.

Religious spaces as continually evolving modernities: Forms of encounter with modernity in Christian Orthodoxy and Islam

The present study deals with the encounter with modernity in two neighbouring religious spaces: Christian Orthodoxy and Islam. Relying on Eisenstadt’s theory about multiple modernities and on its further developments by Thomas Mergel and Kristina Stoeckl, Islamic and Christian-Orthodox dynamics in relation to the challenges of modernity are examined under two aspects: first, the decoupling between religion and culture as elaborated by Olivier Roy, and second, the development of modernist and fundamentalist currents as phenomena of modernity. The study contributes to the sketching of the profile of Islamic and the Christian-Orthodox modernities, pointing both to some of the commonalities and the differences, and inquiring the nature of their distinctiveness. Further on, it contributes to the theoretic discussion on modernity and its various, contextually shaped forms, shedding new light on the relation between the trigger of social changes and their processual character.Contribution: Inside the Christian Orthodox and the Islamic religious space the decoupling between religion and culture and the development of modernist and fundamentalist currents are analysed as markers of the second modernity that arises from the encounter of the worlds mentioned with the challenges of the first modernity.

From Fiqh to Political Advocacy: Muhammadiyah’s Ecological Movement in the Post New Order Indonesia

This paper investigates how Indonesia’s Islamic modernist movement, Muhammadiyah, is responding to issues such as environment degradation, global warming and climate change. Muhammadiyah has not adopted the ecology paradigm used by Islamic environmentalism group, focusing instead on theological reform and social and economic welfare and justice, but members of its elite have begun inserting ecological concerns into the organisation’s programmatic orientation. This paper argues that, although these efforts are not well organized and maintained, they have enormous potential to transform Muhammadiyah into a right-green organization, as demonstrated through its progressive initiative on the environment and its efforts institutional and theological reform (fiqh of water) and in its involvement in judicial review of state policy (known as ‘jihad konstitusi’/judicial review) as political advocacy practice. However, the main feature of Muhammadiyah’s environmental activism is its continued emphasis on economic justice rather than on building ecological security and conservation movement.

Reconstructing the Integration between Islam and Wasathiyyah Based Social Science: An Epistemological Approach

Abstract This article is aimed to build bridge between Islamic Science and Modern Western Social Science and offer a wasathiyyah (moderate/median) oriented Social Science building from epistemological point of view. Through philosophical approach, this article suggests that in order to develop integrative social science, philosophers and Muslim scholars must incrementally and systematically formulate comprehensive integrative theory building which includes metatheoretical understanding imperative as the foundation or grand theme of the systematization of social theories. This study identifies that the gap in current modern social science is caused by the micro extremism approach and methodological individualism. Here is the importance and relevance of wasathiyyah (moderate/median) as principle of balance (tawazun) between individual and societal claim in the social life of Muslims. Through this proposal, prophetic paradigm putting forward balance/moderation (wasathiyyah) in developing the framework of integrative Islamic Social Science finds clearer orientation and direction. The next step is to derivate them into social theories and their practical forms.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC INTEGRATION CONCEPT MONITORING AND EVALUATION ON THE PESANTREN LEARNING CURRICULUM

This study aims to determine the results of monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of curriculum integration carried out by an Islamic educational institution in Islamic boarding schools. The research was conducted at the Baitul Fikri Arcamanik Modern Islamic Boarding School in Bandung. The study uses a qualitative approach with the CIPO evaluation technique developed through observation and data collection with documentary data and structured interviews with rating-scale techniques. The results showed that the percentage value of the application of the concept of integration was in line with the results obtained with students' summative evaluation value data. The data on the application of the lowest integration concept is in Mathematics with a percentage of 55%, and the average summative value of students is 73, while the highest data on the application of the concept of integration is in PJOK subjects with a percentage of 77% and the average summative score of 81 students.

THE EFFECT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND COMPENSATION ON PERFORMANCE (Empirical Study of Teachers at Mafazah Modern Boarding School)

This research is motivated by several interviews with the leadership of the Mafazah Modern Islamic Boarding School, several problems regarding the performance of teachers conveyed by the Head of the Pesantren as informants, including, there are still many teachers who are less disciplined with working hours that have been determined by the staffing department, sometimes in the schedule of admission. work is still late and when the time runs out, the teacher always waits for orders and lacks initiative in work, many teachers complain about the leadership of the head of the pesantren in paying attention to teachers personally, the ineffective use of the facilities provided to support work teachers, many complaints about the current compensation system and the reasons for compensation are factors that reduce teacher performance. This study was conducted to determine the effect of transformational leadership and compensation on teacher performance at the Mafazah Modern Islamic Boarding School. The number of samples used in this study were 140 respondents, using simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression. The results show that transformational leadership and compensation affect performance partially and simultaneously.

Internalization of Education Character Based on the Five Souls of Modern Islamic Boarding School Al-Ihsan Baleendah

The purpose of this article was to analyze the internalization of five soul-based education character in modern Islamic boarding schools Al-Ihsan Baleendah Bandung. This research method used qualitative research and collecting data used interview, observation and documentation techniques to reveal the concept of internalizing character values based on the five souls in the modern Islamic boarding school Al-Ihsan Baleendah. The results of this study showed that the modern Islamic boarding school education Al-Ihsan Baleendah was an Islamic educational institution that contains character values based on the five souls that were implicit in the Islamic boarding school program. The values of education character based on the five souls applied in modern Islamic boarding school involve: the soul of sincerity, the spirit of simplicity, the spirit of independence, the spirit of freedom and the spirit of ukhuwah Islamiyah. Character education based on the five souls is internalized through the example of the kyai, the habit of worshiping, the discipline of obeying the rules of the Islamic boarding school, the awareness and responsibility of the Islamic student in carrying out activities in modern Islamic boarding school
 Keywords: Education Character, Internalization Education Character, Islamic Boarding Scho

Of Horizontal Exchanges and Inter-Islamic Inquiries

Abstract In 1924, the government of Afghanistan wrote to the Jam‘iyat ‘Ulama-yi Hind looking for legal justifications to support Emir Aman Allah Khan's (r. 1919–29) proposed reforms—particularly those relating to female education. Known for securing Afghanistan's independence from the British, and now recognized as a pioneering modernizer and renegade constitutional monarch, Aman Allah introduced a series of reforms during his reign that Faiz Ahmed has recently characterized as “a burgeoning model of Islamic legal modernism.” Yet the story of Afghanistan's experiments with Islamic legal modernism are greater and extend beyond the history of a single state. Taking the above claim about Afghanistan seriously, and in response to Ahmed's Afghanistan Rising this essay offers a close reading of the exchange between Kabul and Delhi to interrogate ideas about Islamic legal reform, Islamic modernity, and inter-Islamic circulations at the time of waning empires and rising nation-states.

Islamic Modernism, the HanafiMazhab, and Codification in Aman Allah's Afghanistan

AbstractFew works in recent years have enriched the study of Islamic law quite like Faiz Ahmed's Afghanistan Rising: Islamic Law and Statecraft between the Ottoman and British Empires. The book presents an opportunity to interrogate prevailing historiographical debates about the “codification” of Islamic law (as opposed to its “compilation”), and to account for processes of divergence in Islamic legal culture across Eurasia. This response explores some of the prevailing tensions among Ottoman, Afghan, and Indian experts in early twentieth-century Afghanistan. These stemmed from the dissimilar legal training acquired by the actors and the varying character of Islamic modernism in each geographical context. A focus on diverse intellectual trajectories and competing visions of Islamic law furnishes a useful means for accounting for the aporia endemic to Aman Allah's modernizing project.

Implementation of Learners' Methods of Memorizing the Qur’an at the Dar El-Iman Indonesia Modern Islamic Boarding School

This study aims to see how the Qur’an memorization program is carried out at Dar El Iman Padang's Integrated Islamic Junior High School. The method used in this research is qualitative with this type of observational research with research data sources obtained from interviews conducted directly with informants who have links with the institutions studied. All interview and observation data were then analyzed thematically using NVivo 12 Software. Based on the results of interviews with informants, it was clear that there were two programs for memorizing the Qur’an at Dar El Iman Padang Islamic Junior High School. The two programs namely; First, tahsin Qur’an for 1 semester, Second, tahfidz Quran 5 juz activities for the next semester. The method applied is the Talaqqi method (direct deposit to the ustadz) in the form of Halaqah half the number of students. With this research, it is hoped that it will become a reference for information for the general public to find out how the Qur’an memorization program is held at the Dar El-Iman Padang Islamic Integrated Junior High School.

SOSIALISASI PEMILIHAN DAN PENGGUNAAN KOSMETIK CREAM PEMUTIH WAJAH YANG AMAN PADA SANTRIWATI PESANTREN MODERN FAJRUL IMAN PATUMBAK DELI SERDANG SUMATERA UTARA

In this technological era, it is easy to get information about the facial whitening cream products, various information media such as television, newspapers, magazines and social media which are booming among women, especially school-age teenagers. With the ease of this information, buyers often ignore the quality and safety of the cosmetics themselves, many cosmetics contain harmful bleaching agents such as mercury and hydroquinone. The purpose of this Community Service is to find out the description of knowledge and socialize the Safe Selection and Use of Face Whitening Cream for students at the Fajrul Iman Patumbak Islamic Boarding School. The method used in this community service is lectures and questions and answers about the Selection and Use of Safe Face Whitening Cream Cosmetics. From the results of community service before the counseling was held on the Selection and Use of Safe Face Whitening Cream Cosmetics at Fajrul Iman Modern Islamic Boarding School students, it was found that the knowledge category was quite good (23.3%) in the good category (76.7%), and after the counseling was carried out the category was obtained. good knowledge becomes (100%), there is an increase in knowledge of good category as much as 23.3%. So that the Fajrul Iman Islamic boarding school students as respondents already understand the Selection and Use of Safe Face Whitening Creams

The Roots of The Problem of Islamic Education and Criticism of Modern Islam Post The Events of September 11, According to Ibrahim M. Abu Rabi

The discourse on the problem of Islamic education and modern Islamic history is a problem that continues to be solved. On this basis, it is necessary to criticize and elaborate the root of the problem that makes the problem able to be resolved. Moreover, the study of Islamic education and the history of the problems in the midst of Muslims is very complex. Therefore, in this article, we try to look at and examine the root causes of Islamic education and how modern Islamic history after the events of 11 September 2001 at the World Trade Center Building which killed many people. This incident also made the world community perceive Islam as a religion of violence and teach terrorism. This is what is in the international area. Thus, Islam is frightening in the eyes of the international community. For this reason, an in-depth investigation and study is needed to reveal the background and impact of the post-September 11 tragedy. Finally, it also finds the root causes of modern Islamic history and the roots of the problems that lie within the contemporary Islamic education system.

Reducing the spread of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) In light of the Islamic Law and scientific approach: Protection, and prevention

A virus is an ultramicroscopic (20-300 nanometers in diameter) metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 and is announced by World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic. As of 23 August 2020, 23,407,334 infected people and 810,242 deaths were reported worldwide. COVID-19 has affected our daily lives and influences all aspects of life, including economic, social, health, etc. On the healthcare level, the world is faced with many challenges, including diagnosis, quarantine, and treatment of suspected cases, overloaded doctors and healthcare professionals and the requirement of a high level of protection. This research focused on preventive measures - preventive medicine - to combat coronavirus according to Islamic law's and modern medicine's perspective. Sharia focuses on preserving diseases to achieve its objectives thereby, so it has legislated some of the rulings that achieve this purpose, so it based its provisions on bringing interests and warding off evil. This research has been divided into two requirements; the first requirement is that the researcher talked about preventive strategies, one of the most important branches of medicine because it precedes disease before it occurs to be rectified with awareness and guidance. The second requirement: supporting scientific research to make vaccines and medicines is the most important findings of the researcher. Besides the review intent to explaining the extent of compatibility and difference between practical applications in Islamic jurisprudence and modern medicine, Explaining the importance of treatment from diseases and epidemics and the necessity of supporting scientific research to find medicines and vaccines( not only preventive strategies), and A statement of the importance and necessity of adhering to the instructions and instructions issued by the competent medical authorities and institutions with expertise and competence to prevent transmission of infection by prevention, treatment and taking vaccinations.

Peta Perkembangan Wacana Intelektual Islam Nusantara Abad VII-XXI: Sebuah Analisis Historis

Basically, the development of Islamic intellectual discourse in the archipelago is can’t be separated from the gradual wave of Islamization by preachers from the outside, either from their status as traders, immigrants, or others. At the beginning of the arrival of Islam in the 7th century, intellectual traditions still seemed to be blurred and reaped the point of progress from around the 13th to the 21st. This article uses the historical method of thought Kuntowijoyo in an effort to explore in-depth studies regarding the dynamics of the flow of Islamic intellectual discourse in the archipelago. From the historical data analysis process, the result shows that the map of the development of the Islamic intellectual discourse in the archipelago can be classified typologically based on the period and the background of the area covering it, including: 1) early Islamic intellectual discourse in the archipelago (Mystic Islam 7th – 17th century ), 2) Islamic intellectual discourse during colonialism (traditional Islam versus modern Islam in the 16th - 19th century), 3) Islamic intellectual discourse in the period of independence (political Islam to cultural Islam in the 19th - 20th century), and 4) discourse Islamic intellectuals in the reform era (Right Islam and Left Islam 20th – 21st centuries).