Islamic Approach Research Articles

Structural Model of Explaining Social Problem Solving Skills in Teachers Based on Organizational Culture and Religious Orientation: The Mediating Role of Intellectual Property

The aim of this study was to provide a structural model for explaining social problem solving skill in teachers based on organizational culture and religious orientation with the mediating role of intellectual property. The research method was of correlation type. The statistical population of the study was the teachers employed in the academic year 2017-2018 in two regions 1 and 6 of Tehran province. The statistical sample included 250 male and female teachers who were selected by the cluster random sampling method. For data collection, 4 questionnaires of social problem solving skill (De Zorilla et al., 2002), religious orientation (Bahrami, 2001), intellectual property questionnaire (Bonitz (1998), and organizational culture questionnaire with the Islamic approach of Attaran et al. (2017) were used. Data were collected using structural equation modeling (SEM) and analyzed at two levels of descriptive statistics and inferential level using AMOS and SPSS-22 software. The results showed that effective religious orientation predicts the adaptive skills of social problem solving in a positive and meaningful way and also intellectual property predicts adaptive skills of social problem solving in a positive and meaningful way in teachers. On the other hand, the findings indicated that intellectual property mediates the relationship between organizational culture and adaptive problem solving skills in a positive and meaningful way. But intellectual property does not significantly mediate the relationship between effective religious orientation and maladaptive social problem-solving skills. According to the research results, adaptive social problem solving skills of teachers are predicted based on organizational culture and religious orientation mediated by intellectual property.

The Effectiveness of Islamic Characters by Approaching Constructivism in Reading Understanding Ability

The purpose of the study of the effectiveness of Islamic character teaching materials with constructivism approach in learning to read comprehension to describe the profile and feasibility of Islamic character teaching materials with constructivism approach in learning to read comprehension ability in seventh grade of secondary school student, the category of pretes and post-test reading comprehension of seventh grade students of Darul Hikmah Pekanbaru, and the effectiveness of the application of Islamic teaching materials with constructivism approach in reading comprehension ability in seventh grade of secondary school student. This study was carried out because of the lack of reading material teaching character of Islamic constructivism approach in reading comprehension ability in seventh grade of secondary school student. This study uses an experimental method that uses 2 treatment groups without a control class. To collect the reading comprehension data the test instrument was used while the data on the feasibility of teaching materials was used a non-test instrument. Analysis of the profile data and the feasibility of teaching materials using thematic analysis and data analysis of reading ability and effectiveness of teaching materials using parametric inferential statistical analysis namely one sample t test and paired sample t test. The conclution of this research are profiles of Islamic teaching materials with constructivism approach are given a provocative title. It contains 35 pages of A4 size, size 11, time new romance, automatic spacing. The subject matter is arranged systematically following the Needham phase in the constructivism approach. Instructional materials with Islamic character with constructivism approach are feasible. The pretest reading comprehension ability is a low category. But the post-test reading comprehension ability is a high category that originates from learning made from Islamic character with constructivism approach. Islamic character teaching material based on constructivism approach is declared effective for reading comprehension ability.

God, humanity and nature: Cosmology in Islamic spirituality

Most of the works on creation theology in the past have departed from a functional point of view with the assumption that creation is for the sake of human use, thus a means to an end. It has been believed that this utilitarian perception is supported by the sacred texts of theistic religions, saying that people were masters and possessors of the natural world. They were created in the likeness of God, ‘in His image’, and the rest of creation existed solely for human benefit, to serve a human need. If there is an issue regarding the protection of the environment, it is behind the logic of convenience. Thus, eco-theology aims to be a practical ethic controlling and shaping human behaviour towards the natural environment. This article discusses a different approach to nature that is not a utilitarian point of view, but mystical, which regards creation as self-disclosure of God, so that each has its intrinsic meaning for itself and there is genuine and deep respect for the integrity of creation. Contribution: This article gives an alternative approach to the issue on environment in the study of eco-theology. The approach is an Islamic mystical approach. It also promotes inter-religious studies on the subject and demonstrates the textual studies within Christian and Islamic traditions, and beyond.

Conceptualising and addressing mental disorders amongst Muslim communities: Approaches from the Islamic Golden Age.

Although Islam is the world’s second-largest religion, there continues to be misconceptions and an overall lack of awareness regarding the religious and social worlds that make up the global Muslim community. This is particularly concerning when examining notions of mental ill-health, where a lack of cultural awareness, understanding, and sensitivity can impede adequate treatment. As a global religion, Islam is practiced within various cultural milieus, and, given the centrality of faith amongst Muslim communities, a conflation of religion and culture can occur when attempting to understand mental health paradigms. Whilst much of the discourse regarding Muslim mental health centres on cultural formulations, this article discusses how, historically, conceptualisations relating to medicine and mental health were ensconced within the particular medical paradigm of the day. Specifically, it considers the frameworks within which mental health and illness were understood within the medieval Muslim medical tradition and their relevance to contemporary debates in psychology and psychiatry. In sum, this paper seeks to demonstrate that cultural formulations of mental illness, often viewed as “Islamic”, are distinct from historical Islamic approaches to mental health which employed contemporaneous medical discourse and which act as the reference marker for the emergent revivalist Islamic psychology movement seen today.

TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT PENDIDIKAN Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Q.S. Al-Alaq Ayat 1-5 (Studi Tafsir Al-Misbah Karya M.Quraish Shihab)

Education is one of the efforts to develop intellect and build a character that is Qur'anic. In line with some previous thought research, a reconstruction of Islamic education has been carried out. However, in reality this is still ongoing to be carried out by some thoughts even to the Indonesian interpreter M. Quraish Shihab contributing to provide Qur'ani Values and contextualization through the QS Interpretation. Al-Alaq Verses 1-5 related to this education. Specifically in the interpretation can be formulated into several aspects, First, Educational Values in principle can never be separated from reading. Second, education in principle can direct the Islamic authority that is God, Education in principle is supported by a variety of models and learning methods, namely some Islamic approaches. Third The values of education in principle lead to the phosphitive thing that is insan al-kamil which is implemented and actualized in the education. The research approach is a literature study approach to find the concepts and values of education in al-Misbah's interpretation and is supported by various references, articles, journals, books and so on. Thus, it can be concluded that the values of education that become an urgent subject in learning that is, reading, evaluating, having Islamic authority, providing examples and motivation in learning

Comparison of the Effects of Islamic and Conventional Approaches to Hope Therapy on Self-esteem and Life Satisfaction of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Comparison of the Effects of Islamic and Conventional Approaches to Hope Therapy on Self-esteem and Life Satisfaction of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

MENCIPTAKAN HARMONISASI DI LINGKUNGAN PENDIDIKAN MELALUI MODEL PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN ISLAM MULTIKULTURAL (STUDI DI SMAN 1 NEGARA JEMBRANA-BALI)

This paper discusses the implementation of the Islamic religious learning approach model in Jembrana-Bali, a case study at State Senior High School (SMAN) 1 Negara. The focus of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of the multicultural learning model used in learning Islamic religious education. This multicultural learning model is a means of creating harmonious interactions and integrating understanding of diversity between Hindu and Muslim students, thus leading to peaceful practices in the educational environment. Sources of data were obtained through unstructured observations and interviews from July to September 2019. This paper shows that the learning process of Islamic religious education with a multicultural approach turns out to be able to shape the character of students, both Hindu and Muslim to become humanist, tolerant, and inclusive. In shaping character and to develop understanding of diversity, the learning approaches used are the contribution approach, additive approach, and decision-making and social action approaches proposed by Allison Cumming-McCann. Thus the interaction of students at SMAN 1 Negara, both Hindu and Muslim, leads to the process of acculturation and enculturation of two different religions and traditions.

Pendayagunaan Zakat Untuk Penanggulangan Pandemi Covid-19 Perpektif Filsafat Hukum Islam

The global pandemic Covid-19 that occurred in Indonesia made people experience a difficult situation that requires assistance in terms of support, material and financial. Zakat as a source of social funds in Islam has a strategic role to meet these needs. This study examines the importance of zakat for tackling the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a library research and data collection technique carried out through library studies, using Islamic legal philosophy approach, and results in the conclusion that zakat may be given to Covid-19 affected parties, both for medical teams, corona patients and one of citizens who family has confirmed positive corona, people affected by PHK due to phsycal or social distancing implemented by the government to minimize the transmission of Covid-19, etc

Pendayagunaan Zakat Untuk Penanggulangan Pandemi Covid-19 Perpektif Filsafat Hukum Islam

The global pandemic Covid-19 that occurred in Indonesia made people experience a difficult situation that requires assistance in terms of support, material and financial. Zakat as a source of social funds in Islam has a strategic role to meet these needs. This study examines the importance of zakat for tackling the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a library research and data collection technique carried out through library studies, using Islamic legal philosophy approach, and results in the conclusion that zakat may be given to Covid-19 affected parties, both for medical teams, corona patients and one of citizens who family has confirmed positive corona, people affected by PHK due to phsycal or social distancing implemented by the government to minimize the transmission of Covid-19, etc

A STUDY OF WOMEN EDUCATION IN ISLAM: Barriers and Recommendations

According to the Muslims’ belief, Islam is not circumscribed to certain beliefs, customs and rituals. Rather, it encompasses every dimension of human behavior. This makes Islam a unique religion among all living religions of the world. Being comprehensive in nature, a system of life and a vibrant civilization, Islam claims the ability to transform the lives of people and guides them to lead a decent life irrespective of the gender discriminations both at individual and collective levels. This motivation of adopting an excellent and ideal character is deeply rooted in the Islamic emphasis on education or acquisition of knowledge. The first revelation (96:1-5) and the famous prophetic saying that “The gaining of knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim” (Ibn Majah) are best illustrations regarding Islamic approach to education. Similarly there are several examples whereby every male and female—without any gender bias—have been equally recommended and encouraged to acquire knowledge. Not only the divine text but Islamic history also witnessed that during the period of the Messenger, in addition to men, women were not only encouraged to gain knowledge but many women companions of the Messenger excelled in different disciplines of the time including sciences of Quran, Hadith, Fiqh, Medicine, and Poetry. Notwithstanding this, in the contemporary times there is a glaring and a growing misconception that Islam by promoting gender bias stops the women from the knowledge acquisition opportunities. In this context, the current paper is a humble effort to understand the position of the Messenger vis-à-vis the education of the women. With the help of historical facts, the paper will also highlight the splendid achievements of the women in the field of education in the days of the Messenger and subsequent period. Further, the study will examine the barriers and reasons responsible for discouraging women education; followed by certain recommendations.

Motivation for Muslim Travellers to the Holy City of Jerusalem

This paper discusses and explores empirical and personal insights into religious tourism and pilgrimage, exploring it from a Muslim pilgrims’ perspective, reflecting on characterisations and motivations and discussing the sacred Journey of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) from the Holy Mosque (Makkah) to Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem. Travel is important for Muslims. Indeed, it was during the journey of Miraj that Allah ordered Muslims to pray the five daily prayers. The concept of Islam is not merely praising Allah (SWT). Islam also means to serve society according to the directions of Allah (SWT) and the teachings of his final Prophet, Muhammad (PBUH). Islam strongly prohibits divisiveness of community or society in terms of sociological groups, racism and sectarianism. Thus, the main purpose of Muslim visitors when visiting pilgrimage sites is holistic, to enhance their knowledge, find pleasure, love and to offer dedication. Muslim visitor’s motivation for pilgrimage to sites such as Al Aqsa Mosque is to offer prayers and visit the holy site. This paper will begin with a brief discussion on the Islamic approach to the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and explain the principles on which Islamic values for society are based according to the teachings Allah (SWT) and the perfect examples of his Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The paper will also explore the journey of Miraj and will offer discussion on pilgrimage engagement in religious rituals at the holy city of Jerusalem.

Exploring the Function of Dhihn/Zihin (Cognitive Link) in Majāz in Islamic Legal Theory

Simon Udo and Michiel Leezenberg point to the cognitive traces in the works of ‘Abd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī (d. 1078), named Asrār al-Balāgha and Dalā’il al-i‘jāz. However, neither Simon nor Leezenberg provide an insight whether these traces can be found in other classical sources, where majāz and isti‘āra are discussed. This paper argues that Simon’s and Leezenberg’s argument that the awareness of the cognitive elements in the classical Islamic approach to majāz and isti‘āra cannot be reduced in ‘Abd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī’s works. Rather, that the Hanafī legal theorists were aware of the function of dhihn/mind in the mechanism of majāz. Due to presenting a remarkable theoretical examination of the tropes and metaphors, 13th and 14th century Hanafī usūl al-fiqh sources are chosen. To clarify my argument, I will mainly focus on the analysis of the terminology, which expounds the relationship between majāz and mind: Such as, ittisāl (ilink/connection), dhihn (mind,) mahal (space/domain).

Win the Battle, Lose the War?: Strategies for Repealing the Zina Ordinance in Pakistan

Abstract In 1979, following a military coup, President Zia-ul-Haq sought to foment his power by ‘Islamizing’ Pakistan. Among other policies, he enacted the Hudood Ordinances to codify classical Islamic fiqh on criminal law, including the controversial Zina Ordinance (“Ordinance”) which criminalizes sex outside of marriage. Shortly after its passing, the Ordinance led to the unjust incarceration of thousands of low-income women across the country. Decrying the law as violence against women, human rights supporters around the world demanded reform. Finally, in 2006, Pakistan passed the Protection of Women Act (PWA) that amended the Ordinance, rendering the law procedurally toothless. Still, reforms left the substance of the Ordinance intact, giving men license to take the law into their own hands with effective impunity, leading to a rise in honor killings. Given the need for repeal of the Ordinance, this paper looks to lessons learned from the successes and failures of the 2006 reform to propose a strategy for the future. The 2006 reform adopted an apologetic ‘pragmatic reformist’ approach, building a coalition of conservative Islamists and secularists behind an incremental policy shift. This paper proposes that for a more substantive change that is still effective, the women’s rights movement should shift away from the purely secular or purely Islamic approach to espouse secularism and human rights but using an Islamic rationale, shifting societal attitudes from within the tradition. Doing this, I echo arguments made by reformist-activists Abdullahi An’Naim and Ziba Mir-Hosseini among others as well as adopt the approach of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, the High Courts, and the Federal Shariat Court (FSC) themselves in their attempts to reconcile Pakistan’s constitutional commitments to both human rights and Islamic law. Such a strategy, I posit, is slow but both effective and long-lasting.

Cultural Heritage Protection in Islamic Tradition

AbstractCultural heritage is a crucial component that plays a fundamental role in defining an individual’s identity and advancing the protection of his or her human rights. Reinforcing cultural distinctions and human differences are significant and therefore recognized in Islam. This article enhances the understanding of an Islamic approach to cultural heritage and human rights through the lens offered by three examples: the right to education, freedom of religion, and the right to development. The discussion of the protection of cultural heritage in Islam is essential because Islam is one of the legal sources in many Muslim states, and, therefore, the examination of its intersection with international law could enhance the protection of cultural heritage and promote human rights in the Islamic world. The article develops principles of cultural heritage protection that are in conformity with international law. These principles are the promising common ground for the possibility of universal cultural heritage policy. Despite the fact that there is no clear reference to the notion of cultural heritage in Islamic teaching, this article shows that principles of the protection of cultural heritage are established.

Mohammed Abdullah Deraz's Criticism of Perspectives on Ethics in Islamic and Western Contexts

The purpose of this paper is to analyze Muhammad Abdullah Deraz’s criticism of Islamic traditional approaches, as well as Western approaches to ethics. It analyses his criticism of various moral theses, as well as his insistence that available approaches were only partial in their treatment of ethics and that they lack the holistic perspective towards ethics. In relation to the Qur’anic holistic understanding and conceptualization of ethics, existing approaches lacked theoretical depth and practical dimensions. Offering his own competing approach, Deraz believes that his is a more comprehensive one.

The Needs for Psycho Spiritual Competencies for Disaster Workers in Malaysia

Natural Disaster such as big flood, earthquake, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, fire raze, landslide, and other kinds of disaster always occurred everywhere in the world. The role of disaster workers is crucial in saving the victims in a critical situation where the inner strength to confront the dangerous situation and comfort the victims is needed. This study examines whether the training content to disaster workers possess sufficient knowledge and skills to cater the physical needs, as well as the emotional turmoil and instability situation, occurred to the victims. The secondary data sought from library and website research, scholars’ opinion from journals published and past research conducted. The psycho-spiritual competencies from the conventional and Islamic perspectives are highlighted. Differences in the two approaches were compared and evaluated. The finding shows that the disaster workers require both conventional and Islamic approaches of psycho-spiritual competencies to cater to the needs of disaster victims during the rescue process take place. Hence, Islamic psycho spiritual competencies contribute to the inner strength of the Muslim disaster workers as its emblem the soul and the spiritual heart qalb which correlated as the determinant factor of the well-being of the physical body of the human being.

The Islamic perspective on physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia.

Physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and euthanasia can be debated from ethical and legal perspectives, and there are a variety of views regarding their acceptability and usefulness. Religion is considered an important factor in determining attitudes towards such practices. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the Islamic perspective on PAS and euthanasia and explore the Islamic approach in addressing the related issues. The PubMed database was searched to retrieve relevant articles, then the references listed in the selected articles were checked for additional relevant publications. Additionally, religious books (Quran and hadith) and legal codes of selected countries were also consulted from appropriate websites. The Islamic code of law discusses many issues regarding life and death, as it considers any act of taking one's life to be forbidden. Islam sanctifies life and depicts it as a gift from God (Allah). It consistently emphasises the importance of preserving life and well-being. Therefore Muslims, the followers of Islam, have no right to end their life. All Islamic doctrines consider PAS and euthanasia to be forbidden. However, if the patient has an imminently fatal illness, withholding or withdrawing a futile medical treatment is considered permissible. From a legal perspective, Islamic countries have not legalised PAS and euthanasia. Such practices are therefore considered suicides when patients consent to the procedure, and homicides when physicians execute the procedure.

Islamic Leadership Accountability Of Umar Bin Abdulaziz: A Lessons Towards A Good Governance In Nigeria

There is no doubt leadership has been given a tremendous place and a key positioning in Islam, Qur’an, Sunnah and the consensus of Ulama’u (Muslim scholars) have made it apparent about the necessity of leadership among the Muslim community. Most recently, the issue of leadership in Nigeria has become a major concern to the Nigerians. Whilst some research has been conducted to examine the solutions to Nigerian leadership, little attention has been paid to Islamic approaches of accountability which is the vital pillar of governance as the key towards sustainable leadership in Nigeria. This study therefore seeks to explore the lessons from leadership and accountability during the caliphate of Umar bin Abdulaziz (R.A) as a panacea to Nigerian Leaders.The methodology of the study relies on critical and comprehensive analysis of the existing published literature related to the topic. Hence, data collection is effected through the qualitative method. The findings of this study revealed that there are lots of lessons and wisdoms that Nigerian government could acquire from the history of caliphate Umar such as his reformations and innovations in governing the state as reflected in siyasah shar’iyyah which can be solution for practicing good governance in Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was recommended that fear of Allah and believing in accountability is the best option for leaders.Key words: Leadership, Islam, Model, Accountability, Good Governance.

التربیة على قیم التسامح فـــــی ضــــــــوء القرآن الکریم والهدی النبوی الشریف Education on the values of Tolerance in the light of the Noble Qur’an and the Noble Prophet’s Guidance

هدف البحث الحالي عرض ملامح المنهج الإسلامي في إرساء قيم التسامح في ضوء القرآن الکريم والهدي النبوي الشريف، وکذلک وضع إطار منهجي تطبيقي للتربية على قيم التسامح. واستخدم المنهجين الوصفي والاستنباطي. ومن أبرز النتائج أن التسامح من أهم القضايا التي اهتم بها الإسلام؛ لذلک وضع له أسسا راسخة، وعقد له مواثيق متينة، مبينا واجب المسلمين بعضهم مع بعض، وما يجب عليهم تجاه مخالفيهم من أهل الملل الأخرى. وأن التسامح الديني سبيل لا محيد عنه، إذا أرادت الإنسانية العبور إلى التکامل الحضاري، لأن هذا التسامح عنوان الاعتراف بالآخر، والاعتراف بفضائله، وعنوان لتحضر الإنسان يقاس بمدى احترام الإنسان لأخيه الإنسان. وأن التسامح حقيقة تجمع عليها الأديان السماوية وجميع الفلسفات الأرضية، والقوانين الوضعية. وأن التربية على قيم التسامح هي السبيل الأيسر لمکافحة التعصب والغلو والتطرف ونبذ العنف، وأن من أبرز مخرجات التربية على قيم التسامح هو المواطن العالمي الذي يجسد قيم التسامح والتعايش، ليکون قادرا على العيش في أي مکان. وأوصت الباحثة بضرورة التأسيس منذ المراحل الأولى لقيم التسامح التي أرساها القرآن الکريم وتعامل وفقا لها الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم مع غير المسلمين، ويکمن الثقل الأکبر في التأسيس لها على الأسرة أولا، وبالتالي سائر المؤسسات التربوية والتعليمية الأخرى، بحيث تتکامل الأدوار فيما بينها. وأوصت کذلک بالعمل على استمرارية تطوير البرامج والمقررات الدراسية من خلال إدراج موضوع التسامح وأهميته، وإبراز خطورة ظاهرة التعصب وآثارها السلبية على الفرد والمجتمع. The aim of the current research is to present the features of the Islamic approach in establishing the values ​​of tolerance in the light of the Noble Qur’an and the noble Prophet’s Guidance, as well as setting a detailed methodological, applied framework for education on the values ​​of tolerance. Use the descriptive and deductive approaches. The most prominent results are that tolerance is one of the most important issues that Islam has taken care of. And that religious tolerance is an unavoidable path, if humanity wants to cross into cultural integration. Tolerance is a fact that all heavenly religions, all earthly philosophies, and positive laws agree upon. And that education on the values ​​of tolerance is the easiest way to combat intolerance, exaggeration, extremism and rejection of violence, and that one of the most prominent outcomes of education on the values ​​of tolerance is the global citizen who owns the values ​​of tolerance and coexistence, to be able to live anywhere. The researcher recommended the necessity of establishing the values ​​of tolerance according to which confirmed by the Noble Qur’an and the Messenger dealt with non-Muslims, the most important institution that can do this is the family first, followed by all other educational institutions. And work on the continuity of developing programs and curricula through the inclusion of the issue of tolerance and its importance, the seriousness of the phenomenon of intolerance and its negative effects on the individual and society.

U-13 Utilization of recycledwater: An Islamic approach

Water is one of the main element on earth for the survival of human being; hence some researchers state that water is life. Islam as a religion also gives importance to water, so many verses of Quran and Saying of the prophet Sallallahu alaihe wasallam is also indicating the same. In present day, due to shortage of water, many sophisticated procedures have been adopted to save and re-use water in various countries. In this paper, water and its importance from Islamic perspective is discussed. Different phases of the procedures adopted for recycling of water is also Deliberated .Sharia opinion as regards to the usage of recycled water is examined. It is recommended that the recycled water may be used for agricultural purposes. However drinking recycled water needs recommendations from medical experts. However usage of recycled water may be avoided for Tahaara (wazoo and ghusal )