Ischemia-modified Albumin Levels Research Articles

The value of serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, ischemia-modified albumin, and cystatin C in predicting coronary heart disease risk: a single center retrospective cohort study.

This study aims to explore the value of serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and cystatin C (Cys-C) in predicting the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Clinical data from 104 CHD patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were analyzed. Of them, 31 patients had stable angina (Group-S), 36 patients were diagnosed with unstable angina (Group-U), and 37 patients had acute myocardial infarction (Group-A). Additionally, clinical data from 35 healthy individuals undergoing physical examination during the same time period were selected as the control group. Levels of blood lipid indicators and serum Lp-PLA2, IMA, and Cys-C levels were compared between the groups. The rates of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking in Group-S, Group-U, and Group-A were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). Levels of Lp-PLA2, IMA, and Cys-C in Group-S, Group-U, and Group-A were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). Levels of Lp-PLA2, IMA, and Cys-C in Group-U and Group-A were significantly higher than those in Group-S, and Group-A had the highest value of these indexes (p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Lp-PLA2, Cys-C, and IMA were important risk factors for the onset of CHD (p<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of Lp-PLA2, IMA, and Cys-C predicting the occurrence of CHD was 0.775, 0.835, and 0.735, respectively. The combined prediction of the three factors has an AUC of 0.920, which is higher than the individual prediction. Lp-PLA2, IMA, and Cys-C are closely related to the onset and progression of CHD. These indicators, therefore, can be used in clinical practice to predict and evaluate CHD.

Oxidant and antioxidant balance in children with bacteremia.

There is a crucial balance between oxidant and antioxidant defense mechanisms. We aimed to evaluate the role of the balance of these systems in children with bloodstream infection. We analyzed prospectively oxidant and antioxidant stress parameters from serum samples of children with BSI besides demographic and clinical data of children. Serum levels of the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), albumin, plasma thiol, disulphide, catalase (CAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels, ferroxidase and arylesterase (ARES) activity were evaluated in both patients and healthy controls. A total of 113 children were evaluated, 50 of them had bacteremia and the remaining 63 were healthy subjects. The median TOS values were 18.5 µmol H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>/L and 13.1 µmol H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>/L in patient and control groups, respectively with a statistically significant difference between groups. The mean serum IMA levels were 0.8±0.1 absorbance unit (ABSU) in patients and 0.5±0.09 ABSU in control, the difference between groups was statistically significant. The native thiol, total thiol levels and the disulphide levels were significantly lower in the patient group as compared with the control group. The myeloperoxidase level was 136 U/L in patients and 107 in controls with a statistically significant difference between groups. TOS, IMA, MPO, and particularly plasma thiols seem good candidates for accurate diagnosis of bacteremia in children.

Association of Ischemia-Modified Albumin (IMA) in Saliva, Serum, and Urine with Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Children: A Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a secreted biomarker for ischemic oxidative stress. This case-control study aimed to evaluate the association of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) in saliva, serum, and urine with diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in 24 children. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study involved 24 children with CKD. CKD was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) diagnostic criteria. The control group consisted of 24 healthy children who were matched for age and gender to the experimental group. The concentration of IMA was determined by the colorimetric method in non-stimulated whole saliva (NWS), stimulated whole saliva (SWS), serum, and urine of children with CKD. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for inter-group comparisons. RESULTS IMA levels were significantly higher in NWS (P=0.0082) and SWS (P=0.0014) of children with CKD than in the control group. The concentration of IMA in NWS was correlated with standard indicators of kidney function, including the estimated glomerular filtration rate (r=-0.798, P≤0.0001), stage of CKD (r=0.814, P≤0.0001), and serum creatinine (r=0.711, P≤0.0001) and urea levels (r=0.738, P≤0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Salivary IMA concentration depends on renal function in children. Salivary IMA discriminates children with end-stage kidney disease from children with mild and moderate CKD and healthy children with high sensitivity and specificity. Further research is required, including assessment of the diagnostic usefulness and validation of the biomarker in a clinical diagnostic study.

The clinical significance of ischaemia-modified albumin in acute coronary syndrome and hypertension.

Early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome is more and more important because of its mortality and morbidity. Hypertension is one of the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome, which often leads to stenosis and ischaemia. Ischaemia-modified albumin is sensitive for the occurrence of ischaemia, which attracted us in the significance of ischaemia-modified albumin in patients with chest pain, especially patients complicated with hypertension. In total, 200 patients with acute chest pain were included in the study. According to the diagnostic criteria, patients were divided into acute coronary syndrome group and non-ischaemic chest pain group. Cardiac biomarkers were measured with 30 minutes in emergency department, including cardiac troponin T, creatine kinase MB, and ischaemia-modified albumin. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used for the sensitivity and specificity of ischaemia-modified albumin in the early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Comparisons between ischaemia-modified albumin and cardiac Troponin T were done between groups. The demographics in two groups were not significantly different in most aspects. Compared with non-ischaemic chest pain group, serum levels of ischaemia-modified albumin and cardiac Troponin T were significantly higher in acute coronary syndrome group. ROC analysis showed that ischaemia-modified albumin had a good sensitivity and specificity in early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. The level of ischaemia-modified albumin in acute coronary syndrome patients with hypertension was higher than that in non-ischaemic chest pain patients. In patients complained with acute chest pain, the serum measurement of ischaemia-modified albumin is potential valuable for the early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, especially combined with ECG. The serum level of ischaemia-modified albumin in acute coronary syndrome patients is significantly associated with hypertension.

Evaluation of Thiol Disulfide Homeostasis and Ischemia-Modified Albumin Levels as an Indicator of Oxidative Stress in Acne Vulgaris.

Acne vulgaris (AV) is the most common skin disease. AV is a skin disease often associated with oxidative stress. Thiols and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) analysis are used as oxidative stress markers. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the blood levels of thiols and IMA, which are accepted as oxidative stress markers, and to determine the severity of the disease in AV patients whose severity is determined by the global acne score rate (GAS). Thiol parameters and IMA values were measured spectrophotometrically in blood samples taken from patients and controls. Determine GAS values in AV patients. The thiol and IMA values obtained were compared between the patient and control groups and their correlation with the patient's GAS values was evaluated. In our study, in acne patients, native thiol (NT), total thiol (TT) and index 3 (I3=NT/TT*100) were significantly lower than the control group, disulfide (SS), index 1 (I1=SS/NT*100), index 2 (I2=SS/TT*100) and IMA values were found to be significantly higher. GAS values, which are accepted as an indicator of the degree and severity of acne disease, and SS, I1 and I2 showed a positive correlation, while I3 showed a negative correlation. Our study suggests that oxidative stress associated with AV disease pathogenesis may occur through mechanisms dependent on thiol and IMA levels. Therefore, in AV, oral supplementation or topical application of antioxidants may be a good way to increase drug efficacy or prevent potential harm.

İdiyopatik polihidramniyoz olgularında dinamik tiyol/disülfit homeostazı ve iskemik modifiye albümin seviyeleri

Objective: The aim of study was to determine whether idiopathic polyhydramnios is in relation with dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin levels or not. &#x0D; Materials and methods: In this prospective case- control study, a total of 126 participants were included. The patient group consisted of 56 patients who were diagnosed idiopathic polyhydramnios, and the control group consisted of 56 healthy normal pregnant. Native thiol (-SH), total thiol (-SH. -SS), dynamic disulfide (-SS), values from maternal serum were measured and compared between groups.&#x0D; Results: 112 patients aged between 18-35 years, consisting of 56 idiopathic polyhydramnios and 56 control groups were included in the study. Maternal serum native and total thiol values were significantly higher in study group compared to control group (382.2 ±78.5 mmol/L vs. 331.8 ±43.9 mmol/L, p

Evaluation of oxidative stress parameters of horses housed with goats in individual boxes

Horses are animals that are affected very quickly by the warnings coming from the environment. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate oxidative stress parameters of horses obtained from saliva analysis related to animal welfare as a result of keeping horses together with goats. While the research was being prepared, three groups were developed based on the time spent sheltering goats and horses. The horses were housed alone in the first and last 15-day groups, and along with the goats in the second 15-day group. In these stages, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) level in saliva were examined. Results showed that MDA and IMA levels decreased, but CAT, GPx, and SOD activities increased. It was concluded that goats had a positive effect on horses according to the oxidative stress parameters examined in terms of animal welfare. However, there is still a need for research that will house horses with various animals in acceptable animal welfare circumstances, analyse their stress metrics, and maintain a high level of welfare.

Value of ischemia-modified albumin in ankylosing spondylitis

Background/Aim: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory illness with a poorly known pathogenesis. Current biomarkers that are used to estimate inflammation are normal in some patients despite having active disease. Recent studies have revealed that oxidative stress may have a role in AS and that there is a close relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a promising new biomarker for oxidative stress. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess IMA levels and their relationship with disease activity and other inflammatory markers in patients with AS. Methods: This prospective case-control study included 48 patients with AS and 25 healthy controls (HCs). The measured serum levels of IMA, interleukin (IL)-17, and IL-23 were compared between patients with AS and the HC group. We also analyzed the correlation between IMA and disease activity, acute phase reactants, and HLA-B27 positivity. The Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with C-Reactive Protein (ASDAS-CRP) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) were used to determine disease activity. Results: There was no difference in serum IMA levels between the AS and HC groups (25.08 [20.49-46.83] vs. 29.89 [29.89-42.0], P=0.146). Only IL-23 was significantly higher in patients with AS (10.81 [7.25-14.06] vs. 7.95 [6.85-10.46], P=0.039). Furthermore, there was no correlation between IMA and IL-23, IL-17, CRP, ESR, BASDAI, or ASDAS-CRP (r=-0.079, P=0.593; r=-0.043, P=0.771; r=-0.018, P=0.906; r=0.047, P=0.751; r=0.281, P=0.053; r=0.162, P=0.271). There was no significant difference between IMA, IL-17, and IL-23 levels in patients with low disease activity (BASDAI &lt;4, ASDAS-CRP &lt;2.1) and high disease activity (BASDAI ≥4, ASDAS-CRP ≥2.1) (BASDAI: P=0.146, P=0.303, P=0.071, and ASDAS-CRP: P=0.451, P=0.410, P=0.324, respectively). There was no difference in IMA levels between HLA-B27-positive patients and HLA-B27-negative patients (P=0.070). Conclusion: Although oxidative stress has been suggested to play a role in AS pathogenesis, we did not find an increase in serum levels of IMA, an oxidative stress biomarker, in patients with AS. Our results suggest that IMA may not be a reliable indicator of inflammation. Further research is needed to determine whether IMA may have a role as a biomarker in AS.

Ischemia-Modified Albumin and Antioxidant Protection in Newborns with Asphyxia of Varying Severity.

The content of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), serum albumin, and antioxidant capacity of blood serum was studied in healthy newborns and in newborns with moderate and severe asphyxia on days 1-2 and 3-4 of the postnatal period. Changes in these indicators were found in both groups of newborns with birth asphyxia in comparison with the group of healthy newborns and were more pronounced in children with severe asphyxia. An increase in the IMA level (by 1.6 times; p<0.001) and antioxidant capacity of blood serum (by 2.4 times; p<0.001) and a decrease in serum albumin content (by 1.5 times; p<0.001) were found in severe asphyxia on days 1-2. Analysis of changes in these indicators by days 3-4 allows to talk about a decrease in the intensity of free-radical reactions in newborns with birth asphyxia during complex therapy.

Could ischemia-modified albumin levels predict the severity of disease in SARS-CoV-2 infection?

Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) level increases in inflammatory conditions. We aimed to investigate the association between IMA levels and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in adult patients. We grouped adult patients with COVID-19 infection: Group A - mild symptoms, but normal computed tomography (CT), Group B - mild/moderate illness, and Group C - severe or critical illness. We measured IMA levels at the time of diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. Mean age of the total number of patients (n = 90) was 54.43 (± 8.11) year, and 46.7% (n = 42) were female. IMA levels were highest in Group C and lowest in A (p < 0.001). The most important factor predicting COVID-19 disease severity was IMA. Type 2 diabetes was more frequent in Group C (n = 31) than in Group B (n = 30) (p = 0.042). Asthma was less frequent, and coronary artery disease was more frequent in Group C than in Group A (n = 29) and B (p = 0.009). Duration of hospitalization was highest in Group C (p < 0.001). We analyzed a sample of patients with COVID-19 infection and found that IMA predicted severe COVID-19 disease. Disease severity grouping was based on patients' clinical and radiological features. IMA level measured when SARS-CoV-2 infection is diagnosed may be a useful marker in predicting likely disease severity or intensive care need.

Ischemia-Modified Albumin (IMA) for early detection of myocardial ischemia in acute coronary syndrome with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case control study

Abstract Introduction: Evaluation of the patients who present to the hospital with a complaint of chest pain or other signs suggestive of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is time-consuming, expensive, and difficult. Most of the biochemical markers are negative in early phase acute myocardial ischemia. Recent literature reports have shown more interest in a new biochemical marker which is Ischemia-modified albumin for the detection of myocardial injury. Objective: to estimate the level of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus patients. Materials and methods: A case-control study was undertaken with sixty Type-2 diabetic patients as cases and sixty non-diabetic healthy subjects as controls. Demographic data (sex, age), an ECG and Biochemical data were collected. Blood for IMA and HbA1C levels was collected within two hours of arrival, and IMA risk marker testing was performed before any heparin/thrombolytic treatment was started. Controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients were determined by the level of their HBA1c and comparison with the means of IMA level in their serum. Results: The IMA was significantly increased in diabetic patients compared to healthy controls, with cut off value (0.92 IU/L), and there is also a significant increase in IMA level in uncontrolled diabetic patients (Mean ± SD; 240.55 + 52.5) that presented with acute chest pain and have signs and symptoms of cardiac ischemia when compared with the well-controlled diabetic patients(Mean ± SD; 159.8 ± 60.4). Conclusion: Ischemic Modified Albumin (IMA) level was elevated significantly in uncontrolled diabetic patients with early signs of early myocardial ischemia. Additionally, IMA estimation may improve our ability to identify ischaemic patients who are missed by current diagnostic strategies, or more confidently rule out patients who do not have ACS.

A Comparative Study of Ischemia-Modified Albumin: A Promising Biomarker for Early Detection of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).

Introduction The second most common cause of emergency department (ED) visits is chest pain and discomfort. Timely identification or threat stratification is crucial for identifying high-risk individuals who benefit from sophisticated diagnostic investigations (including cardiac biomarkers) and early relevant therapies. We aimed to assess the levels of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and also to study its sensitivity and specificity in comparison with cardiac troponin T/troponin I and electrocardiogram (ECG) (alone and in combination) in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Methods Adults (either gender) presented at the ED of a tertiary care centre with classical chest pain suggestive of angina pectoris or angina-like chest pain and ECG changes suggestive of ACS, ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial MI (NSTEMI), and unstable angina, within three hours of onset were enrolled. Demographic and clinical information was recorded. ECG, haematological investigationslike complete blood count, blood sugar level, lipid profile, IMA, troponin I, and creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and radiologicalinvestigations like 2D-echocardiography (2D-ECHO) and coronary angiography were performed. Results A total of 100 subjectswere enrolled in the study out of which 50 were cases and 50 were controls. Cases were older as compared to controls (mean age 60.5 versus46.0 years). Of the 50 cases, 33 (66%) were males. There were equal numbers of males (33 each) and females (17 each) subjects in both the groups. Typical chest pain, risk factors, and history of coronary arterydisease (CAD) were higher in cases. ECG diagnosis revealed the presence of STEMI (52%) and coronary angiography revealed the presence of double vessel CAD(60%) in cases. Among controls, gastroesophageal reflux disorder was the most common cause of chest pain followed by costochondritis and pneumonia. Glucose (fasting and postprandial), all lipid profile parameters (except high-density lipoprotein) and IMA values were significantly higher in cases as compared to controls. A combination of ECG+IMA has the highest sensitivity (90%) with 79% PPV in the diagnosis of ACS within three hours of the onset of chest pain, and ECG+IMA+2D-ECHO had similar results. However, ECG is equally sensitive. IMA alone has 64% sensitivity with 82% diagnostic accuracy which was higher than other biomarkers (CK-MB, cardiac troponinI). Conclusions As found in our study, amongthe biomarkers used, the diagnostic accuracy of IMA was the highest and better than that of cardiac troponin I and CK-MB. Although ECG is the preferred diagnostic tool for diagnosing ACS (STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina) in patients presenting within three hours of the onset of chest pain, a confirmation can be done with the help of other diagnostic tests and investigations like serum IMA levels and further treatment can be initiated.

Utility of Ischemia-Modified Albumin as a Biomarker for Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Acute appendicitis is a frequently encountered surgical emergency. Despite several scoring systems, the possibility of delayed diagnosis persists. In addition, a delayed diagnosis leads to an increased risk of complicated appendicitis. Hence, there is a need to identify biological markers to help clinicians rapidly and accurately diagnose and prognosticate acute appendicitis with a high sensitivity and specificity. Although several markers have been evaluated, the pressing concern is still the low specificity of these markers. One such marker is serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), which can be a novel biomarker for accurately diagnosing and prognosticating acute appendicitis. The authors conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases through February 2023 as per the PRISMA guidelines. The difference in the levels of IMA between patients with acute appendicitis vs. healthy controls, and the difference in the levels of IMA between patients with complicated vs. non-complicated acute appendicitis were taken as the outcome measures. Statistical analysis was performed using a random effects model and mean difference (MD) was calculated. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A total of six prospective comparative studies were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis revealed that the mean level of serum IMA was significantly raised in the acute appendicitis group (MD 0.21, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.37, p = 0.01). Similarly, the mean serum IMA levels were also raised in the complicated appendicitis group compared to the non-complicated appendicitis group (MD 0.05, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.10, p = 0.02). Three of the studies included were, however, of poor methodological quality. Serum IMA is a viable potential marker for diagnosing and prognosticating acute appendicitis. However, due to the limited methodological quality of available studies, further prospectively designed and adequately powered studies are needed.

Assessment of the Serum Ischemia Modified Albumin Level and Its Relation to Total Oxidant Status and Disease Activity in Vitiligo Patients

Abstract Background Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary skin disorder characterized by loss of functioning epidermal melanocytes. Oxidative stress has been suggested to be the initial pathogenic event in melanocyte degeneration. Total oxidant status (TOS) had been reflect the global status of oxidative stress in serum. While, albumin acts as a buffering agent for toxic molecules within the circulation. It undergoes structural changes when exposed to ischemia or oxidative stress and ischemia modified albumin IMA are produced under these conditions with high levels. Hence it considered as a marker of oxidative stress in different clinical conditions. Aim of the Work The aim of this work was to evaluate the serum level of ischemia modified albumin in vitiligo patients and its relation to total oxidant status and disease activity. Patients and Methods This is a cross sectional study. Forty-eight patients with vitiligo were included in this study. Twenty-four were considered active cases while the other 24 were non-active vitiligo patients. The study also included 48 age-and sex-matched healthy adults as a control group. Five ml of venous blood were withdrawn from each patient and control subjects. The vitiligo activity and tensity were assessed by VIDA and VETI scores respectively. Serum IMA and TOS had been assist by ELISA kits. Results Our study found a significant increase in serum total oxidant status (TOS) and serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels in vitiligo patients compared to controls. We also found a positive correlation between TOS levels and IMA levels and vitiligo disease activity represented by VIDA score. Conclusion The total oxidant status (TOS) and IMA levels were increased in vitiligo patients' sera and positively correlated to disease activity. To the best of our knowledge, we were the first to detect the significantly positive correlation between serum IMA and vitiligo disease activity.

Thiol-disulphide homeostasis, ischemia-modified albumin, complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers and C-reactive protein from acute mania to early remission in bipolar disorder

ObjectivesThere is much recent evidence that inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of acute mania in bipolar disorder (BD). However, no study was evaluated in which the change in thiol-disulphide homeostasis, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers (CBC-IMs) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in bipolar patients was followed-up from acute mania to early remission. MethodsSeventy-seven bipolar patients in acute mania and ninety-one HC were enrolled. We measured levels of thiol-disulphide parameters, IMA, and CBC-IMs such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red-cell-distribution-width (RDW)-to-platelet ratio (RPR), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), CRP and platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR), after adjusting for age, gender, body-mass index (BMI) and smoking status, during acute mania to subsequent early remission. The results were compared with HC. ResultsThe levels or ratios of all thiol-disulphide parameters except for disulphide, IMA and CRP of bipolar patients in both acute mania and early remission were significantly different from HC, after adjusting for confounders. The NLR, SII, CRP and PAR values of bipolar patients were significantly higher in only acute mania compared to HC. Significant changes in thiol-disulphide parameters and IMA levels were not found in early remission after acute mania. LimitationsShort follow-up period and lack of drug-naive patients. ConclusionsOur results suggest that thiol-disulphide parameters, IMA level and SIRI value might be a trait biomarkers of inflammation in BD. In addition, NLR, SII and PAR values and CRP level might be a state biomarker of inflammation in bipolar patients in a manic phase.

Analysis of Ischemia-Modified Albumin (IMA) and Coagulation Parameters in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic disease which causes an increased inclination to thrombosis by leading to coagulation system activation and endothelial dysfunction. Our objective in this study is to determine whether ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) can be used as a new marker in patients with COVID-19 for evaluating the increased coagulation risk, pneumonic infiltration, and thus, prognosis. Methods: Our study included 59 patients with COVID-19 compatible pneumonic infiltration on lung computed tomography (CT) who applied to and were hospitalized in the Internal Diseases Outpatient Clinic, then followed up and treated, as well as 29 healthy individuals with a negative COVID-19 rRT-PCR test without any additional disease. Hemogram, coagulation, routine biochemistry, and serum IMA activity parameters were studied. Results: In our study, the higher serum IMA level in COVID-19 patients with pneumonic infiltration compared to that of the healthy control group was found to be statistically significant. No significant correlation was found between the serum IMA levels and the coagulation and inflammation parameters in the 59 COVID-19 patients included. Conclusions: Serum IMA levels in COVID-19 patients with pneumonic infiltration on CT were found to be higher than in the control group. Examination of biochemical parameters, especially thrombotic parameters that affect prognosis such as IMA, can be a guide in estimating pneumonic infiltration.

The Effects of Pre-weaning and Post-weaning Feeding Periods on Biochemical Parameters in Terms of Metabolic Profile in Dorper and Lacaune Lambs

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding on biochemical parameters in terms of metabolic profile in female and male lambs of Dorper and Lacaune breeds at the developmental stages from birth. Methods: A total of 32 singleton newborn Dorper and Lacaune breed lambs (n= 8 for each group; male and female) were used. The trial was continued total of 5 nutritional periods each of 21-day after the first two weeks (0-14 days) suckling period. The biochemical parameters determined were paraoxonase 1 (PON1), ischemia modified albumin (IMA), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), aspartat amino transferase (AST), alanin amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Result: PON1 activity of all lambs was found to be low during the suckling period (P≤0.001). The highest IMA value was reached in against to the decrease in TP and ALP levels during the weaning period (P≤0.001). There was no difference between the groups in terms of PON1, TP, ALB and ALP. Increases were observed in the AST, ALT, IMA and MDA levels of male Dorpers. (P≤0.05). It was concluded that adaptation periods to solid feeds may cause oxidative damage or variable metabolic activity in male Dorpers.

Amniotic Fluid Ischemia Modified Albumin as a Novel Prenatal Diagnostic Marker for Down Syndrome: A Prospective Case-Control Study

Aims: There is no study in the literature about ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels in amniotic fluid for Down syndrome cases. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of IMA and HGF in Down syndrome cases at 16-20 weeks of gestation compared to normal fetuses. Methods: For this prospective case-control study, following reaching the number of 20 women (study group) who had the prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome, maternal and gestational age-matched pregnant women with normal constitutional karyotype were selected for the control group (n = 74) from the stored amniotic fluid samples. Results: Mean women and gestational ages were comparable between the two groups. Amniotic fluid IMA (1.32 ± 0.13 vs. 1.11 ± 0.11 ABSU, respectively, p &lt; 0.001) and HGF (2743.53 ± 1389.28 vs. 2160.12 ± 654.63 pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.008). Levels were significantly higher in pregnant women having Down syndrome fetuses compared with women having normal fetuses. The amniotic fluid IMA levels for the diagnosis of Down syndrome, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 95.0% and 71.6% for the limit value 1.171 cm3, respectively. Conclusion: In cases with suspected Down syndrome, the diagnosis of Down Syndrome may be made in approximately 1 hour with high sensitivity and specificity by measuring the IMA level in the amniotic fluid sample taken for fetal karyotyping.

Investigation of ischemia-modified albumin and thiol/disulfide homeostasis for the determination of oxidative stress in sheep with toxoplasmosis

In this study, the aim was to investigate the thiol/disulfide homeostasis (TDH) parameters and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) (ABSU) levels to determine oxidative stress in sheep with toxoplasmosis. Twenty-four Morkaraman sheep used in this study were allocated into two groups, one control group and one experimental group. Each group included 12 sheep. Blood samples were taken from all sheep only once and blood serum levels of albumin (ALB) (g/L), IMA (ABSU), native thiol (NT) (μmol/L), total thiol (TT) (μmol/L), disulfide (Ds) (μmol/L), Ds/NT, Ds/TT, NT/TT were investigated. Our results showed that the IMA (ABSU) levels of toxoplasma group were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). However, NT (μmol/L) and TT (μmol/L) level of toxoplasma group were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). While the oxidant and antioxidant parameters were positively correlated within themselves, a negative correlation was determined between the antioxidant and oxidant parameters. In the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, cut off and specificity values were determined for IMA (ABSU) values. These values were determined as 0.812, 1.24, 91.7% and 75.0%, respectively. For TT (μmol/L), these values were obtained as 0.750, 330.55, 75.0% and 66.7%. It was concluded that oxidative stress is intensely formed in sheep with toxoplasmosis, thiol-disulphide homestasis markers, and IMA (ABSU) are valuable markers in determining oxidative stress in toxoplasmosis.

Analysis of the Ischemia-Modified Albumin as a Potential Biomarker for Cardiovascular Damage in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been identified as a cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. The potential of OSA promoting the synthesis of CV biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unknown. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) has been identified as a specific CV biomarker. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of IMA as a potential biomarker for determining the impact of OSA in ACS patients. A total of 925 patients (15.5% women, age: 59 years, body mass index: 28.8 kg/m2) from the ISAACC study (NCT01335087) were included. During hospitalization for ACS, a sleep study for OSA diagnosis was performed and blood samples extraction for IMA determination were obtained. IMA values were significantly higher in severe OSA (median (IQR), 33.7 (17.2-60.3) U/L) and moderate (32.8 (16.9-58.8) U/L) than in mild/no OSA (27.7 (11.8-48.6) U/L) (p = 0.002). IMA levels were very weakly related to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as well as hospital and intensive care unit stay, although they only maintained a significant relationship with days of hospital stay after adjusting for sex, age and BMI (ß = 0.410, p = 0.013). The results of the present study would suggest a potentially weaker role of OSA in the synthesis of the CV risk biomarker IMA in patients with ACS than in primary prevention.