Iron Shot Research Articles

Onset of fluidization and slugging in beds of uniform particles

AbstractA comprehensive investigation has been made of the boundaries of the regime of bubbling aggregative fluidization. Experiments were done with sand, glass beads, clover seed, and iron shot fluidized with helium, air, and freon‐12 in columns 2.5, 5, 10, and 21 cm in diameter. Bed heights ranged from 1 to 60 column diameters, particle diameters from 0.07 to 1.1 mm, particle densities from 1300 to 7600 kg/m3, and gas densities from 0.17 to 5.2 kg/m3. Correlations are presented for the void fraction at the minimum bubbling point and for the superficial fluid velocity at the points of minimum fluidization, minimum bubbling, and minimum slugging.

Enzyme Changes in Mallard Ducks Fed Iron or Lead Shot

Levels of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT), and serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) were measured in duck blood. Enzyme activity of groups receiving up to 64 iron shot orally did not differ significantly (p <0.05) from that of controls. Significant increases in SGPT and decreases in SAP accompanied oral lead poisoning. Levels of GOT and GPT, but not AP, were much higher in control red cells than in plasma or serum. Among the tissues studied, heart contained the greatest relative amount of GOT and among the least relative amounts of GPT and AP. Kidney contained the highest relative concentrations of GPT, while duodenum and kidney had the highest AP levels. The increase in SGPT of lead-poisoned ducks may reflect hepatic, renal, or skeletal muscle damage, although this damage was not associated with a significant increase in SGOT. The decreased SAP activity probably reflected a direct inhibition of the enzyme by lead. 22 references, 3 figures, 1 table.

Temperature dependences of the thermal conductivities of lead and iron shot

Temperature dependences of the thermal conductivities of lead and iron shot

Sound-Speed Measurements aboard French Bathyscaph ARCHIMEDE in the Japan Trench

Data were collected to depths of 7500 m during two dives in July 1967. Sound speeds were measured with two NUS TR-4 velocimeters. Corresponding temperatures were determined with a Hewlett-Packard oceanographic sensor, a Ramsay Engineering MK VIA deep sea probe, and reversing thermometers. Pressure was determined with a Fairchild strain gauge, reversing thermometers, and a precision pressure gauge. Iron shot fouled the water-sampling system; however, data on salinity are available from previous dives. Profiles were obtained in portions of the water column and measurements of all variables were conducted at the bottom. The data were recorded as frequency on a seven-channel tape recorder during the descent and at the bottom. A reference crystal frequency was simultaneously recorded for control. The frequencies were also counted while on the bottom.

Histopathology of Mallards Dosed With Lead and Selected Substitute Shot

The histopathological response of male game farm mallards fed lead, three types of plastic-coated lead, two lead-magnesium alloys, iron, copper, zinc-coated iron, and molybdenum-coated iron shot was studied. Mallards fed lead, plastic-coated lead, or lead-magnesium alloy shot developed a similar pathological response, including the formation of acid-fast intranuclear inclusion bodies in the kidneys. Birds fed iron or molybdenum-coated iron shot developed hemosiderosis of the liver. Two of four mallards fed zinc-coated iron shot also developed hemosiderosis of the liver. No lesions were found in mallards fed copper shot.

仕上面加工層に関する研究(第5報)

The Effects of shot peening on the typical structures of such iron alloys as ferrite, pearlite, pearlite-cementite, martensite, pearlite-graphite, and martensite-carbides, were investigated. The above mentioned structures were obtained from 0.12% carbon steel (ferrite), 0.64% carbonsteel (pearlite), 0.99% carbon steel (pearlite and cementite), quenched 0.99 carbon steel (martensite), eutectic cast iron (pearlite and graphite), quenched and tempered highspeed steel (martensite-carbides) respectively. The test pieces were blasted with #20 cast iron shot under the compressed air pressure of 3.0 kg/cm2 for 3.0 minutes.For measuring the induced stresses in the surface layer and checking the hardening effect, the same method as described in the 4th report was adopted.The results were as follows :1. Among the three typical structures, the greatest effect of shot-peening is seen on martensite, then on pearlite, and the smallest effect on ferrite.2. The effect on martensite-carbide is smaller compared to that on martensite due to the existence of carbides.3. Pearlite-graphite has comparatively smaller surface compressive stress than pearlite due to the existence of graphite.