Ion Gel Research Articles

Highly efficient recognition of similar objects based on ionic robotic tactile sensors

Tactile sensing provides robots the ability of object recognition, fine operation, natural interaction, etc. However, in the actual scenario, robotic tactile recognition of similar objects still faces difficulties such as low efficiency and accuracy, resulting from a lack of high-performance sensors and intelligent recognition algorithms. In this paper, a flexible sensor combining a pyramidal microstructure with a gradient conformal ionic gel coating was demonstrated, exhibiting excellent signal-to-noise ratio (48 dB), low detection limit (1 Pa), high sensitivity (92.96 kPa−1), fast response time (55 ms), and outstanding stability over 15,000 compression-release cycles. Furthermore, a Pressure-Slip Dual-Branch Convolutional Neural Network (PSNet) architecture was proposed to separately extract hardness and texture features and perform feature fusion. In tactile experiments on different kinds of leaves, a recognition rate of 97.16% was achieved, and surpassed that of human hands recognition (72.5%). These researches showed the great potential in a broad application in bionic robots, intelligent prostheses, and precise human–computer interaction.

The Antimicrobial Effects of Myrosinase Hydrolysis Products Derived from Glucosinolates Isolated from Lepidium draba.

Lepidium draba (hoary cress) is a perennial plant belonging to the Brassicaceae family that produces two dominant glucosinolates (GLSs): glucoraphanin (GRN) and sinalbin (SBN). They represent the stored form, which is converted upon the myrosinase (Myr) hydrolysis activity to active compounds, mainly isothiocyanates (ITCs) such as sulforaphane (SFN) or p-hydroxybenzyl isothiocyanate (pHBITC). Research on ITCs that have proven anticancer, antimicrobial, and chemoprotective properties is usually conducted with pure commercially available compounds. However, these are chemically reactive, making it difficult to use them directly for preventive purposes in dietary supplements. Efforts are currently being made to prepare dietary supplements enriched with GLS and/or Myr. In this study, we report a simple but efficient chromatographic procedure for the isolation and purification of GLSs from MeOH extract from hoary cress based on a combination of ion exchange and gel permeation chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-25 and Sephadex LH-20. To obtain the Myr required for efficient hydrolysis of GLSs into antibacterial ITCs, we developed a rapid method for its extraction from the seeds of Lepidium sativum (garden cress). The yields of GLSs were 22.9 ± 1.2 mg GRN (purity 96%) and 10.4 ± 1.1 mg SBN (purity 92%) from 1 g of dry plant material. Both purified GLSs were used as substrates for the Myr. Analysis of the composition of hydrolysis products (HPs) revealed differences in their hydrolysis rates and in the degree of conversion from GLSs to individual ITCs catalyzed by Myr. When GRNs were cleaved, SFNs were formed in an equimolar ratio, but the formation of pHBITCs was only half that of cleaved SBNs. The decrease in pHBITC content is due to its instability compared to SFN. While SFN is stable in aqueous media during the measurement, pHBITC undergoes non-enzymatic hydrolysis to p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and thiocyanate ions. Testing of the antimicrobial effects of the HPs formed from GRN by Myr under premix or in situ conditions showed inhibition of the growth of model prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. This observation could serve as the jumping-off point for the design of a two-component mixture, based on purified GLSs and Myr that is, usable in food or the pharmaceutical industry in the future.

Ionic liquid-based self-healing gel electrolyte for high-performance lithium metal batteries

The gel electrolytes with self-healing function are being considered as promising replacement for traditional liquid electrolytes in lithium metal batteries due to their excellent battery safety, high energy density and minimum electrolyte damage. However, balancing self-healing, conductivity and mechanical properties remains a challenge for their practical application. Herein, a new ion liquid-based self-healing gel polymer electrolyte (IL-SHGPE) is introduced. The electrolyte was synthesized via UV-induced cross-linking of a polymer containing quadruple hydrogen bond units and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMIM-TFSI) ion liquid. The resultant IL-SHGPE demonstrates exceptional self-healing ability (with 95% healing efficiency within 30 min), excellent thermal stability over a wide temperature range up to 410 °C. It also exhibits impressive mechanical strength with 41.3% elongation and 1.9 MPa tensile stress, room temperature ionic conductivity of 1.29 × 10−3 S/cm, and a wide electrochemical stability window of 5.18V (vs Li/Li+). Lithium metal batteries with this electrolyte showed an initial discharge capacity of 139 mAh g−1 at 1C rate, and a capacity retention of 88.3% after 200 cycles. Therefore, this work provides a significant exploration for balancing self-healing ability, mechanical attributes, and electrochemical performance of lithium batteries, and thus contributing valuable insights towards the development of high-performance self-healing gel electrolytes for lithium metal batteries.

Combining Carbon Materials and Ionic Liquid Gels to Boost Simultaneous Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Wastewaters

AbstractWater bodies contamination is a pressing issue of modern society, exacerbated by the large structural variety of contaminants. This explains the interest toward developing systems able to remove from wastewater different contaminants, with different susceptibility to removal methods. Consequently, herein hybrid ionic liquid gels, based on 1,3:2,4‐dibenzylidene‐D‐sorbitol (DBS), doped with graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphene oxide, are described. First, the gel–sol transition temperatures (Tgel), rheological and self‐healing properties are determined. These gels are then used as sorbent materials and, for the first time, for removing mixtures of pollutants of different classes, namely the dyes rhodamine B and methyl orange, the drugs diclofenac and carbamazepine, or the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A, to simulate real wastewaters. Interestingly, hybrid gels prove efficient in removing single and mixed pollutants. The best performing gel is reusable for at least 12 consecutive cycles, without any intermediate washing. It can also be embedded in adsorption columns or dialysis membranes, to treat larger volumes of wastewater. Here, this gel achieves an adsorption capacity of 117 and 66 mg g−1 for rhodamine B and bisphenol A in mixture, with a distinct preference toward cationic contaminants, exhibiting competitive performance with most systems previously reported.

Gel polymer electrolyte-based dual screen-printed electrodes for the headspace quantification of 4-ethylphenol and ethanethiol simultaneously in wines

The identification and correction of negative factors, such as 4-ethylphenol and ethanethiol, is important to comply with food safety regulations and avoid economic losses to wineries. A simple amperometric measurement procedure that facilitates the simultaneous quantification of both compounds in the gas phase has been developed using fullerene and cobalt (II) phthalocyanine-modified dual screen-printed electrodes coated with a room temperature ionic liquid-based gel polymer electrolyte. The replacement of the typical aqueous supporting electrolyte by low-volatility ones improves both operational and storage lifetime. Under the optimum conditions of the experimental variables, Britton Robinson buffer pH 5 and applied potentials of + 0.86 V and + 0.40 V for each working electrode (vs. Ag ref. electrode), reproducibility values of 7.6% (n = 3) for 4-ethylphenol and 6.6% (n = 3) for ethanethiol were obtained, as well as capability of detection values of 23.8 μg/L and decision limits of 1.3 μg/L and 9.2 μg/L (α = β = 0.05), respectively. These dual electrochemical devices have successfully been applied to the headspace detection of both compounds in white and red wines, showing their potential to be routinely used for rapid analysis control in wineries.Graphical

Multifunctional Polyoxometalates-Based Ionohydrogels toward Flexible Electronics.

Multifunctional flexible electronics present tremendous opportunities in the rapidly evolving digital age. One potential avenue to realize this goal is the integration of polyoxometalates (POMs) and ionic liquid-based gels (ILGs), but the challenge of macrophase separation due to poor compatibility, especially caused by repulsion between like-charged units, poses a significant hurdle. Herein, the possibilities of producing diverse and homogenous POMs-containing ionohydrogels by nanoconfining POMs and ionic liquids (ILs) within an elastomer-like polyzwitterionic hydrogel using a simple one-step random copolymerization method, are expanded vastly. The incorporation of polyzwitterions provides a nanoconfined microenvironment and effectively modulates excessive electrostatic interactions in POMs/ILs/H2O blending system, facilitating a phase transition from macrophase separation to a submillimeter scale worm-like microphase-separation system. Moreover, combining POMs-reinforced ionohydrogels with a developed integrated self-powered sensing system utilizing strain sensors and Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors has enabled efficient energy storage and detection of external strain changes with high precision. This work not only provides guidelines for manipulating morphology within phase-separation gelation systems, but also paves the way for developing versatile POMs-based ionohydrogels for state-of-the-art smart flexible electronics.

Tunable terahertz absorption of ion gel-graphene hybrids based on the Salisbury effect.

The gate-tunable absorption properties of graphene make it suitable for terahertz (THz) absorbers. However, the realization of a graphene-based THz absorber faces challenges between the difficulty of patterning graphene for processing and the intrinsically low absorbance of graphene with the high electric field needed to change the conductivity of graphene. This report presents an electrically tunable graphene THz absorber where a single-layer graphene film and a gold reflective layer are separated by a polyimide (PI) dielectric layer to form an easily fabricated three-layer Salisbury screen structure. The carrier density of the graphene layer can be efficiently tuned by a small external electrical gating (-5V-5 V) with the assistance of an ion gel layer. The voltage modulation of the Fermi energy level (EF) of graphene was confirmed by Raman spectra, and the variation of the device absorbance was confirmed using a THz time-domain spectroscopy system (THz-TDS). The measurements show that the EF is adjusted in the range of 0-0.5 eV, and THz absorbance is adjusted in the range of 60%-99%. The absorber performs well under different curvatures, and the peak absorbance is all over 95%. We conducted further analysis of the absorber absorbance by varying the thickness of the PI dielectric layer, aiming to examine the correlation between the resonant frequency of the absorber and the dielectric layer thickness. Our research findings indicate that the proposed absorber holds significant potential for application in diverse fields such as communication, medicine, and sensing.

Lyotropic ionic liquid crystal gels derived from polyimidazolium hydrogen sulfate for enhanced proton conductivity

AbstractAnisotropic gels developed from polymer networks accommodating lyotropic liquid crystals are promising electrolytes but electrochemically inert polymers prevent ions from being conducted efficiently. In this work, we synthesized protic ionic liquid polymer in lyotropic ionic liquid crystal to improve proton conduction across the polymer skeleton in anisotropic gels. In situ polymerization of 1‐vinylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid dissolved in aqueous 1‐tetradecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate lyotropic liquid crystal gave chemical liquid crystal gels exhibiting both dynamic order and mechanical strength. The protic ionic liquid polymer bridged the hydrogen bond chains between neighboring ionic lyotropic liquid crystal domains to give a proton conductivity of 117 mS cm−1 at 25°C. Macroscopic alignment of the liquid crystal gel achieved by mechanical shearing promoted proton conductivity to 137 mS cm−1. The macroscopically aligned liquid crystal gel acted stably in a fuel cell device, delivering a peak power density 2.95 times higher than the unaligned one. Gelation of lyotropic ionic liquid crystals with protic ionic liquid polymer provides an effective strategy to develop anisotropic gel electrolytes for electrochemical devices.

Development of dialkyl-triazolium ionogels for printed supercapacitor

The use of electrolytes has a very crucial role in supercapacitors. Liquid electrolytes cause many problems, like leakage, whereas aqueous electrolytes show only lower potential windows. These are improved by ionic liquid gel polymer electrolytes. In this work, we have synthesized 4 ILs, namely 1,4-dipropyl-1,2,4-triazolium BF4,1-propyl-4-butyl-1,2,4-triazolium BF4, 1,4-dipropyl-1,2,4-triazolium PF6,and 1-propyl-4-butyl-1,2,4-triazolium PF6 and studied their thermal and electrochemical properties. From them, the most efficient 1,4-dipropyl-1,2,4-triazolium BF4 IL is combined with PVA polymer, made into gel polymer electrolyte, coated over a carbon screen-printed electrode, and tested. The fabricated solid-state capacitor prototype yields a capacitance of 98.8 mFcm−2 at a least scan rate of 2 mV/s and the calculated areal energy density and areal power density were 0.221 µWh and 52 µWcm−2 respectively. Cyclic stability with GCD gave 80 % capacitive retention even after 3000 cycles.

Dual-Stimuli-Responsive Gut Microbiota-Targeting Nitidine Chloride-CS/PT-NPs Improved Metabolic Status in NAFLD.

Nitidine chloride (NC) is a botanical drug renowned for its potent anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and hepatocellular carcinoma-inhibiting properties; however, its limited solubility poses challenges to its development and application. To address this issue, we have devised a colon-targeted delivery system (NC-CS/PT-NPs) aimed at modulating the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota by augmenting the interaction between NC and the intestinal microbiota, thereby exerting an effect against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The NC-CS/PT-NPs were synthesized using the ion gel method. Subsequently, the particle size distribution, morphology, drug loading efficiency, and release behavior of the NC-CS/PT-NPs were characterized. Furthermore, the impact of NC-CS/PT-NPs on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice was investigated through serum biochemical analysis, ELISA, and histochemical staining. Additionally, the influence of NC-CS/PT-NPs on intestinal microbiota was analyzed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The nanoparticles prepared in this study have an average particle size of (255.9±5.10) nm, with an encapsulation rate of (72.83±2.13) % and a drug loading of (4.65±0.44) %. In vitro release experiments demonstrated that the cumulative release rate in the stomach and small intestine was lower than 22.0%, while it reached 66.75% in the colon. In vivo experiments conducted on HFD-induced NAFLD mice showed that treatment with NC-CS/PT-NPs inhibited weight gain, decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lipid levels, improved liver and intestinal inflammation, and altered the diversity of gut microbiota in mice. This study provides new evidence for the treatment of NAFLD through the regulation of gut microbiota using active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine.

Self-Healing and Wide Temperature-Tolerant Cellulose-Based Eutectogels for Reversible Humidity Detection.

A kind of ionic conductive gel (also named eutectogel) is developed from an inorganic salt (ZnCl2)-based deep eutectic solvent (DES). The ternary DES consists of ZnCl2, acrylic acid, and water, and cotton linter cellulose is introduced into the DES system to tailor its mechanical and conductive properties. Enabled by the extensive hydrogen bonds and ion-dipole interactions, the obtained eutectogel displays superior ionic conductivity (0.33 S/m), high stretchability (up to 2050%), large tensile strength (1.82 MPa), and wide temperature tolerance (-40 to 60 °C). In particular, the water-induced coordination interactions can tune the strength of hydrogen/ionic bonds in the eutectogels, imparting them with appealing humidity sensing ability in complex and extreme conditions.

Highly conductive, conformable ionic laser-induced graphene electrodes for flexible iontronic devices

Iontronic devices, recognized for user-friendly soft electronics, establish an electrical double layer (EDL) at the interface between ion gels and electrodes, significantly influencing device performance. Despite extensive research on ion gels and diverse electrode materials, achieving a stable interfacial formation remains a persistent challenge. In this work, we report a solution to address this challenge by employing CO2 irradiation as a bottom-up methodology to directly fabricate highly conductive, conformable laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes on a polyimide (PI)-based ion gel. The PI ion gel exhibits exceptional EDL formation at the electrode interface, primarily attributable to efficient ion migration. Particularly, ionic laser-induced graphene (i-LIG) electrodes, derived from the PI ion gel as a precursor, yield high-quality graphene with enhanced crystallinity and an expanded porous structure in the upward direction. This outcome is achieved through a pronounced thermal transfer effect and intercalation phenomenon between graphene layers, facilitated by the presence of ionic liquids (ILs) within the PI ion gel. Ultimately, in comparison to alternative soft electrode-based vertical capacitors, the utilization of i-LIGs and PI ion gels in the vertical capacitor demonstrates reduced interfacial resistance and increased EDL capacitance, emphasizing the extensive potential of iontronic devices. These results not only highlight these features but also introduce a new perspective for advancing next-generation iontronic devices.

Development of dicationic 1,2,4-triazolium salts and their application as solid-state electrolyte for energy storage

Here, in this study we report the synthesis and characterizations of novel electrolyte based on dicationic salts 1,3-bis(1-alkyl-1,2,4-triazolium)mesitylene bis(tetrafluoroborate). Two cations were linked by mesitylene as spacer. Using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR and RAMAN spectroscopy methods the structural characterization of synthesized salts were done. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, thermogravimetry analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry have all been used to examine their thermal, electrochemical, and transport properties. Their suitability for energy storage was examined by fabricating a cell out of it in a Swagelok, where ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte (ILGPE) was used as electrolyte and the graphite-PTFE sheet functioned as an electrode to construct a symmetrical EDLC. A wide working electrochemical potential window range of 0 to 4.5 V was obtained after studying the electrochemical cell performance, indicating that the dicationic salts can be employed as a promising electrolyte. It provided an effective areal capacitance of 63.13 F/cm2. Even after 2000 consecutive cycles of charging and discharging, the fabricated device continues to retain about 80 % of its initial capacitance. The GCD curves provided computed values for energy and power density of 1.1 μWh and 317.5 μW/cm2, respectively.

Preparation, characterization and drug release properties of pH sensitive Zingiber officinale polysaccharide hydrogel beads

The aim of this study was to prepare a drug carrier that could deliver oral insulin to the intestine. A hydrogel beads composed of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Zingiber offtcinale polysaccharide (ZOP) and chitosan (CS) were prepared by ionic gel method as insulin carrier. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric (TGA) showed that the hydrogel was formed by metal ion coordination between ZOP and CMC and Fe3+, and CS was coated on the surface of the hydrogel ball in the form of non covalent bond. The results showed that the swelling process of hydrogel spheres has significant pH sensitivity. In addition, the hydrogel beads successfully coated insulin, and the drug loading rate (DL) of (ZOP/CMC-Fe3+)@CS could reach 69.43 ± 7.32 mg/g, and the entrapment efficiency (EE) could reach 66.94 ± 7.43 %. In vitro release experiments, the release rate of (CMC/ZOP-Fe3+)@CS in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) for 2 h was <20 %, and the cumulative release rate of insulin after 9 h in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) reached over 90 %. The results showed that the hydrogel beads prepared in this work could be used as a potential carrier for delivering oral insulin.

Pseudo-photoelectric cascade conversion endowing photosensitive Janus ionogel for solar energy harvesting and sensing

Ionic conductive gel based self-powered sensor has attracted much attention in Internet of Things era, due to its softness, versatility, electrical conductivity, iontronics and responsiveness. However, its multi-scene application is limited by few types of these perceptible signals. Herein, a photosensitive Janus ionogel with pseudo-photoelectric effect based on cascade conversion is reported, with seebeck coeffect of 19.5 mV K−1 and ZT value of 0.63. Significantly, the photosensitive Janus ionogel can generate different temperature gradients on the different intensity of sunlight, and convert solar energy into electric energy by the “light-thermal-electric” cascade conversion, demonstrating its great potential in solar energy utilization and light sensing. This investigation paves a promising and versatile way to construct photosensitive conductive materials for next-generation solar self-powered devices.

Recent Advances and Developments in Injectable Conductive Polymer Gels for Bioelectronics.

Soft matter bioelectronics represents an emerging and interdisciplinary research frontier aiming to harness the synergy between biology and electronics for advanced diagnostic and healthcare applications. In this context, a whole family of soft gels have been recently developed with self-healing ability and tunable biological mimetic features to act as a tissue-like space bridging the interface between the electronic device and dynamic biological fluids and body tissues. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of electroactive polymer gels, formed by noncovalent intermolecular interactions and dynamic covalent bonds, as injectable electroactive gels, covering their synthesis, characterization, and applications. First, hydrogels crafted from conducting polymers (poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polyaniline (PANi), and polypyrrole (PPy))-based networks which are connected through physical interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, hydrophobic interactions) or dynamic covalent bonds (e.g., imine bonds, Schiff-base, borate ester bonds) are addressed. Injectable hydrogels involving hybrid networks of polymers with conductive nanomaterials (i.e., graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, metallic nanoparticles, etc.) are also discussed. Besides, it also delves into recent advancements in injectable ionic liquid-integrated gels (iongels) and deep eutectic solvent-integrated gels (eutectogels), which present promising avenues for future research. Finally, the current applications and future prospects of injectable electroactive polymer gels in cutting-edge bioelectronic applications ranging from tissue engineering to biosensing are outlined.

Electromechanical Coupling Model for Ionic Liquid Gel Soft Actuators

A soft robot is composed of soft materials, which exhibit continuous deformation and driving structure integration and can arbitrarily change shapes and sizes over wide ranges. It shows strong adaptability to unstructured environments and has broad application prospects in military reconnaissance, medical rescues, agricultural production, etc. Soft robots based on ionic electroactive polymers (EAPs) have low-driving voltages, large-actuation displacements, fast responses, light weights, and low powers and have become a hot research field of bionic robots. Ionic liquid gels (ILGs) are new ionic EAPs. In this study, a new soft actuator was designed based on an ILG, and the electromechanical coupling model of an ILG soft actuator was studied in detail. Based on the system transfer function method, a mechatronic coupling model for the soft actuator was developed. According to the material characteristics and current response law of the ILG-containing EAP, an equivalent circuit model was used to describe transfer of the output current and input voltage. Based on the equivalent transformer model for ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) actuators proposed by Claudia Bonomo, the electromechanical coupling equation and a driving equation of the ILG soft actuator were established. The least-squares method was used with the coupling model of an ILG soft actuator to identify the system parameters for the model, and the effects of the structural parameters on the end displacement and driving force of the soft actuator were analyzed.

Triaminoguanidine-based ionic hydrazone gels for catalyzed formylation of amines with carbon dioxide

The development of efficient, economic and heterogeneous catalysts to effectively reduce carbon dioxide into value-added products keeps an effective solution to build a sustainable society. Herein we report ionic porous organic polymer gels via hydrazone condensation reaction using triaminoguanidine cationic units and 1,3,5-benzenetricarbaldehyde as precursors under mild conditions. Ionic hydrazone gel (TB-OH) is obtained through ion exchange. The resulting TB-OH gel is catalytically active due to the synergistic effects of hierarchically porous structure, triaminoguanidine cationic activation centers and hydroxide anions. TB-OH is used as an efficient metal-free, halogen-free heterogeneous catalyst that achieves the formylation of various amines with CO2 to give formamides under ambient conditions. The gel catalyst is stable in the catalysis, is easy to separate, and can be reused for at least 5 cycles. TB-OH thus shows potential application in the catalytic conversion of CO2 because of its low cost, easy acquisition, excellent catalytic performance and easy recycling characteristics.

Wearable ion gel based pressure sensor with high sensitivity and ultra-wide sensing range for human motion detection

Wearable and flexible pressure sensors are applicable to a variety of fields, including human motion detection. Covering the entire range of human motion, they should be able to detect a wide range of pressures, from low to high, with high sensitivity. The ion gel-based pressure sensors, a deformable and stretchable material, measure the capacitance caused by an electric double layer at the electrode - electrolyte interface, and the capacitance significantly increases as the contact area increases. In this work, a series of ionic liquid complexes (ILC) consisting of solvated ionic liquid and conventional ionic liquid were prepared and explored in terms of ionization state. Additionally, the effects of the ILCs have also been confirmed when incorporated into a thermoplastic polyurethane matrix as ion gels. Using the prepared ion gels, wearable pressure sensors were fabricated by sandwiching the ion gel between two cotton fabrics. A conductive knit tape served as an electrode to maximize the contact area between the electrode and ion gel, resulting in high sensitivity and an ultra-wide range of sensing. This study opens up the potential application of wearable ion gel-based pressure sensors with novel ionic liquid complexes.

A wearable electrostimulation-augmented ionic-gel photothermal patch doped with MXene for skin tumor treatment

A wearable biological patch capable of producing multiple responses to light and electricity without interfering with daily activities is highly desired for skin cancer treatment, but remains a key challenge. Herein, the skin-mountable electrostimulation-augmented photothermal patch (eT-patch) comprising transparent ionic gel with MXene (Ti3C2Tx) doping is developed and applied for the treatment of melanoma under photostimulation at 0.5 W/cm2. The eT-patch designed has superior photothermal and electrical characteristics owing to ionic gels doped with MXene which provides high photothermal conversion efficiency and electrical conductivity as a medium. Simultaneously, the ionic gel-based eT-patch having excellent optical transparency actualizes real-time observation of skin response and melanoma treatment process under photothermal and electrical stimulation (PES) co-therapy. Systematical cellular study on anti-tumor mechanism of the eT-patch under PES treatment revealed that eT-patch under PES treatment can synergically trigger cancer cell apoptosis and pyroptosis, which together lead to the death of melanoma cells. Due to the obvious advantages of relatively safe and less side effects in healthy organs, the developed eT-patch provides a promising cost-effective therapeutic strategy for skin tumors and will open a new avenue for biomedical applications of ionic gels.