Invisible College Research Articles

The sociological imagination in studies of communication, information technologies, and media: CITAMS as an invisible college

Sociology is an interdisciplinary field that has much to offer. The sociological imagination as Mills (1970/2000) proposed it comprises ‘vivid awareness of the relationship between personal experie...

Physical education’s journey on the road to health

ABSTRACT Each year, the British Educational Research Association (BERA) Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy Special Interest Group organises an Invisible College which precedes the annual BERA conference. The day opens with a Scholar Lecture which is delivered by an academic who has made a significant contribution to the field. This paper represents the 2019 Scholar Lecture, which charts the journey of health within physical education over recent decades through to the present day. Whilst the notion of maintaining health through physical education is long standing and contributing to healthy active lifestyles is generally accepted to be a key goal of the subject, it is argued that the road to securing and retaining the position of health within the curriculum has at times been tricky to navigate. There have certainly been many successes en route, but equally some challenges and seemingly even a few obstacles and diversions. Specifically, this paper outlines the journey of health from the 1980s, during which time there was revived interest in health and a significant growth in health-related courses within physical education curricula within and beyond the United Kingdom. This coincided with the introduction of the National Curriculum in England and Wales, as well as with my own doctoral studies and initial physical education practice. Consequently, I highlight key influences and influencers in the area and on my thinking during this period, as well as some of the key developments, outcomes and messages emanating from this early work. Equally, I explore some of the issues and challenges health and health-related learning within physical education have and continue to face. The paper then turns to focus on recent progress and positive developments in the area and concludes with some proposed future directions for research and practice and reflections on the next leg of the journey for health within physical education.

Academic influence and invisible colleges through editorial board interlocking in communication sciences: a social network analysis of leading journals

Editorial boards (EBs) play a crucial role in setting journals’ scientific output, generally determining what legitimate science is and thus establishing a benchmark on what should be published. EB members are generally prominent scholars in a given discipline and, as such, are habitually connected to several journals’ EB, a phenomenon known as editorial board interlocking. This exploratory study analyses the EB interlocking in a sample of communication journals. Specifically, we apply social network analysis to investigate how 41 JCR (Journal Citation Report) communication journals are connected through EB interlocking. Using graph theory and social network analysis, we identified the scholarly journal network, the high influential journals and scholars, and the cohesive subgroups (i.e. invisible colleges) within the communication field. Our findings shed some important light on the network structure of EBs in communication sciences, arguing that the exploration of editorial interlocks is a complemental approach to understand academic journals’ influence within academic fields.

Invisible college within triple helix and social network studies in the age of big data

Invisible college within triple helix and social network studies in the age of big data

Invisible college in the relationship between the doctoral candidates and their supervisors in Indonesia

Using social network analysis on 104 doctoral thesis or dissertations of the University of Indonesia and 174 doctoral thesis or dissertations of the Padjadjaran University in the field of communication science, the present research is aimed to explain invisible college which is formed through the relationship of the doctoral candidate and supervisor in thesis or dissertation writing. The authors also use cultural data from dissertation works of graduated doctoral students to see the characteristics of the invisible college. The present study found that there were invisible colleges formed due to several factors namely institutional similarity, research-interest similarity, paradigm similarity and method similarity between doctoral candidates and their supervisors in the thesis or dissertation writing. The present study also found that some invisible colleges have characteristics in that homogeneity or heterogeneity of their study. Other findings also revealed that there was a link between the two institutions.

Killing Qasem Soleimani: International Lawyers Divided and Conquered

The article is structured in two main parts. First, it sets out the facts surrounding the death of Soleimani as they have been widely reported by media outlets and relied upon by international legal experts. It then delves into the analysis by no less than fifteen of them who (co-)authored eleven legal briefs of varying depth. All such briefs tackle, to a more or lesser extent, the same overarching question: Was the killing of Soleimani by U.S. drone strikes in conformity with the relevant requirements of international law, consisting of the jus ad bellum (JAB), jus in bello (JIB) and international human rights law (IHRL)? However, as noted above, there was little consensus among the experts – if any. The article hopes to better understand why international lawyers disagree so spectacularly by comparing and contrasting the variety of views in the Soleimani-case, and stripping down the supporting argumentation to uncover the underlying (theoretical and methodological) approach. That preliminary examination will be tackled in the article’s second part. The root of the problem indeed appears to lie in a different methodological approach to the same issue, which includes relying on different sources and/or interpreting the same sources differently. Add to that the law’s supposed indeterminacy, the absence of an authoritative arbiter, and contemporary academic idiosyncrasies, and it becomes clear(er) why each interpretation of international law is seemingly allowed to stand. The article ends with some final reflections. Generally, it hopes to spark a much-needed debate by identifying a worrying trend in international law and taking a swing at offering preliminary explanations, rather than present a definitive solution. After all, if the “invisible college of international lawyers” cannot decide on the disputed legality of a State unapologetically taking out the military brass of its arch-enemy on the territory of a neutral country, it is difficult to see what remains of the prohibition on the use of force – the cornerstone of the Charter of the United Nations and international law more broadly.

Illuminating the invisible college: An analysis of foundational and prominent publications of engagement research in public relations

Researchers and practitioners assert that engagement is a fundamental element of public relations with some claiming the field is in an era of engagement. Yet, many have lamented that engagement is disorganized and conceptually murky. To address this, this study examines how researchers have stood on the shoulders of “giants”. Results from the bibliometric network analyses of 91 journal articles and over 3000 citations reveals the structure of the invisible college of engagement research and identifies foundational and prominent publications. A close reading and analysis documents how these publications are influencing the theoretical development of engagement research in public relations.

Making the invisible hyper-visible: Knowledge production and the gendered power nexus in critical urban studies

This paper employs the concept of “invisible colleges” to explore the processes through which spaces of critical urban theory are imbricated within a gendered power nexus. It assesses the degree of dominance in hegemonic knowledge production by clusters of scholars, their co-authors, and academic mentors and mentees. Using the example of critical urban theory, we use network graphs to map these concentrated hidden geographies understood collectively as “invisible colleges”. The resultant visualizations reflect the dominance of key scholars and their similarities (e.g. doctoral education, academic mentors, current institutional affiliations, etc.). These heretofore unmapped networks of connectivity provide insight into the masculinized spaces of critical urban theory bringing to the fore important topics for consideration. These include the politics of citation and “double dipping”, or frequent publication in the same journal outlets. In bringing attention to invisible colleges, a concept that has largely escaped attention in urban studies and geography, we highlight the usefulness of visibility as a technology of equity. En route, the paper describes and visualizes some of the impacts of the proliferation of uneven knowledge production through the coalescing of factors such as path dependency, cumulative advantage, expected inequality and the Matthew and Matilda Effects.

Colegios invisibles y patrones de colaboración en el Sistema de Investigación Agropecuaria en Colombia

Se analizan los patrones de colaboración del sistema de investigación agropecuario en Colombia que surgen de la conformación de colegios invisibles. El análisis se hace en tres niveles: macro, referido a los patrones generales que organizan la colaboración en colegios invisibles, meso, que describe la capacidad de enlace de las distintas organizaciones en el sistema y micro, la conformación de colegios invisibles que permiten observar la diversidad temática. La combinación de los tres niveles, reflejan un sistema de investigación en proceso de consolidación, pero aún frágil. Para este estudio se consideraron las publicaciones realizadas en revistas Web of Science por autores adscritos al Programa Nacional de CTI en Ciencias Agropecuarias y aquellos relacionados con la emergencia de comunidades temáticas derivadas el acoplamiento bibliográfico. Metodológicamente se aplica un análisis multinivel de redes de co-citación y colaboración empleando coeficientes de correlación, identificando conectores del sistema y detectando las comunidades semánticas que se constituyen en colegios invisibles.

В поисках сбалансированных интернет-метрик научной активности: пример Rg Score

Основной целью реформирования государственной системы науки в России является повышение эффективности, что требует пересмотра калькулируемых индикаторов научной деятельности. Процесс осложняется трансформацией научной коммуникации, преимущественно детерминированной развитием коммуникационных технологий, благодаря которым видоизменяются не только средства, но и формы научного взаимодействия. В подобных условиях классические библиометрические показатели не могут выступать в качестве исчерпывающих метрик, так как возникает необходимость учета научной деятельности во всей полноте, а не только на интертекстуальном уровне. Необходимые метрики могут быть разработаны с учетом процесса цифровизации науки. На данный момент «невидимый колледж» становится осязаемым благодаря развитию ряда научных интернет-площадок, предоставляющих возможность работать не только с огромными массивами данных, но и с собственными индексами. В данной статье рассматривается один из таких показателей — Rg Score, призванный измерить активность пользователей самой крупной на данной момент академической социальной сети — ResearchGate. Архитектура этого интернет-сервиса предоставляет возможность изучения и, отчасти, моделирования показателей нового типа, учитывающих не только публикационную, но и коммуникативную активность исследователей. Конечно, данный показатель пока не может быть использован в рамках управленческой деятельности, однако подобный тип альтметрик видится нам вполне перспективным.

Mapping Indonesian Department of Communication

The beginning of the history of communication studies in Indonesia is constructed by the invisible college of Indonesian scholars who returned from their studies in the United States, but no one has explained the contemporary conditions. Popular invisible college researches have tended to use co-citation and co-authorship analysis, even though invisible college relations are also formed through a scholarly background. The explanation about invisible colleges contributes to explaining influential groups in a particular field of science. Using social network analytics combined with historical reviews, this study explains the link between communication science education institutions in Indonesia that form an invisible college based on academic background identity. This study uses data relations between educational backgrounds and work places for 741 lecturers from 30 communication studies with ‘A’ accreditation in Indonesia. This study found that there was a shift in the orientation of communication science education from the USA to the local because of the development of communication science education in the ASEAN region, one of which was Indonesia. This study found that there were five invisible colleges based on the most influential educational backgrounds in communication science education namely the University of Indonesia, University of Padjadjaran, University of Gadjah Mada, University of Mercu Buana, and LSPR College of Communication. There are three factors making them the influential institutions: historical factors, heterogeneity, and geographical proximity. Keywords: Indonesian communication science, social network analysis, scholar network, invisible college, influential institutions.

Science, for What? Or: Science with Conscience - The Invisible College of Dissenting Nuclear Scientists

The main contention of this essay is that sciences can be seen as belonging to two broad categories: a) demonstrative; b) interpretative. Demonstrative, or «tough», sciences are «natural» sciences; interpretative sciences are philosophy, history, all the social sciences, different as thy are (for instance, history is based on causal imputation; sociology, on conditional comparative approach). At present all sciences cannot presume to offer universally valid «laws», timeless and spaceless, but only general, probabilistic tendencies. Moreover, contrary to a misconception Max Weber’s «Wertfreiheit», no science is neutral. It pertains to the social responsibility of scientists the pratical use of eventual scientific findings (for instance, the atomic or the hydrogen bomb).

The invisible college of cluster research: a bibliometric core–periphery analysis of the literature

ABSTRACT This paper explores the evolutionary trajectories of cluster research, building upon the sociology of science concept of the invisible college, and it undertakes a core–periphery analysis of the literature. We build a database that includes 8,381 articles, collected from Web of Science, that cite the foundational works of cluster research, and we perform a longitudinal analysis of its evolution from 1985 onward, identifying the core and periphery, in terms of keywords and concepts, for each period (six-year window). We find evidence that cluster research has a core–periphery structure. Literature develops thanks to new inputs from the periphery, which increases over time as the core progressively shrinks. The periphery becomes fragmented and is characterised by subgroups of small communities. Drawing on the metaphor of the invisible college, we argue that this evolutionary trajectory is not exclusive of the cluster but might possibly characterise other scientific concepts.

Healthying physical education - on the possibility of learning health

ABSTRACTBackground: As part of the annual activities at the British Educational Research Association (BERA) conference, the Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy Special Interest Group (SIG) organises a so-called Invisible College, where a Scholar Lecture is delivered by a researcher who has made a significant contribution to the field. This paper is the 2018 Scholar Lecture.Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to discuss two concepts and the relations between them – health and learning.Key concepts: In the paper, the metaphor of the swimmer in the river, as introduced by Antonovsky, is used in order to go beyond individualistic, dualistic and instrumental notions of health and education. I argue for a move away from a notion of teaching young people how to be healthy through the deployment of ready-made educational packages, towards acknowledging health education as a societal responsibility, where it is recognised that sociocultural and economic contexts afford diverse opportunities to be healthy and to learn to live healthy lives, however these are construed.Discussion and conclusion: Rather than confining health and health education to the prevention of premature death and disease, I discuss health, in relation to learning, as always being in the process of becoming. The health resources for living a good life can then be found in the ‘river’, with the ‘swimmer’, and in the relation between the ‘river’ and the ‘swimmer’. In this way, health can manifest itself in many different ways. I ask why we even attempt to talk about health in the singular when talking about different diseases. Is health rather a plural? Is it even a noun? Or is it something we do – a verb? If the latter, health education can be conceived of as a practice – ‘healthying’ – rather than a fixed, static outcome set up by research and public health policies as something to achieve in education.

Hidden participants and unheard voices? A systematic review of gender, age, and other influences on local and traditional knowledge research in the North

Local, lay, and traditional ecological knowledge (LTK) is widely discussed in academic studies of climatic and environmental change. Here, we report on a systematic literature review that examines the role of such factors as gender, age, and scholarly networks in shaping LTK research. We focused on research in the circumpolar North, where LTK research has been ongoing for at least four decades. We explored how recruitment approaches and research methods can circumscribe local expertise and found that much of the literature fails to adequately report sampling and participant demographics. There is an apparent bias towards male knowledge-holders, usually hunters and Elders, over women and youth. Studies were largely led by male authors, and male authors outnumbered female authors 2:1. We also identified two potential “invisible colleges” in the literature—communities of practice linked by one or a few authors. We discuss our findings through the lens of “intersectionality”, which captures how power differences at play within communities, whether around age or gender or some other social categorization, contribute to the creation of multiple kinds of knowledge. We conclude with a discussion of how we can improve this area of research by challenging assumptions and collaborating with a wider range of individuals.

Making Invisible College Visible: Comparing ASIS&T and CAIS Annual Conferences as Two Scientific Communities

This paper reports an ongoing research that conceptualizes two major LIS academic conferences in NorthAmerica as two dynamic scientific communities: ASIS&T Annual Meetings and CAIS AnnualConferences. Using a social network analysis approach, this study compares and visualizes how these twoscientific communities have been structured and organized between 1993 and 2015.

La teoría general de la información en la arquitectura. El error en la villa Moller, la casa Track y el Palacio municipal de deportes de Huesca

<p>Al contrario de como nació la teoría general de la información, el error forma parte de la comunicación. El denominado “colegio invisible” (Escuela de Palo Alto) pone de manifiesto cómo la eliminación de los errores para conseguir el isomorfismo del mensaje está en perjuicio de la comunicación que se establece. El artículo aplica esta teoría de la comunicación a la arquitectura. Muestra, a través de tres historias de arquitecturas conocidas, cómo los errores han sido decisivos, inseparables del mensaje final del proyecto.</p>

A bibliometric analysis of dialogue and digital dialogic research: mapping the knowledge construction and invisible colleges in public relations research

ABSTRACTTaking a network perspective, this study uses a series of bibliometric analyses to systematically examine public relations scholarship on dialogue and digital dialogic communication. We examine the knowledge construction and invisible college networks to identify the prominent scholars and publications that inform current thinking in this area of scholarship. Our analyses of 157 journal articles reveal core studies that have shaped the use of theories and concepts within dialogue and digital dialogic research. We found evidence that knowledge construction is rapidly growing as researchers are mixing their expertise. Our data suggests that researchers are primarily informed by excellence and/or dialogic theories, but relationship management bridges the various theories used in dialogue research. Finally, we find that a select few scholars inform a considerable amount of the current research on dialogue and digital dialogic communication. We discuss these findings and offer a path forward for public relations.

Who Rules the World? The Educational Capital of the International Judiciary

While the proliferation of ICs has been described in details, we know surprisingly little about who the actual judges sitting at the helm of contemporary judicialized international law and ruling (on) the world are. What has once been termed the “invisible college of international law” remains to a large extent invisible to this day. But it is now a much larger college as the proliferation of ICs has resulted in a corresponding multiplication of the number of international judges. Today, more than three hundred men and women hold the office of international judge. Most are found in Europe, at the two regional courts of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights, but many other regional and global courts also employ a significant number of international judges. Besides some mainly descriptive studies of the international judiciary, we have very little analysis of who these people are and what commonalities they have, notably in terms of education, knowledge, and know-how. This paper remedies this gap in scholarship and presents a first systematic study of the configuration of the international judiciary.

Developmental tendencies in the academic field of intellectual property through the identification of invisible colleges

Intellectual property became a relevant academic cross-disciplinary field in an international context with the demand for the global governance of knowledge. However, the degree of consolidation of cross-disciplinary academic communities is not clear. To determine how closely related are these communities, this paper proposes a mixed methodology to find invisible colleges in the production of intellectual property. Scientific articles from 1994 to 2016 were extracted from web of science, taking into account the signature of the agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights in the early 1990s. A total of 1580 papers were processed through bibliographic coupling network analysis. A special technique was applied, which combines algorithms of community detection and defines a population of articles through thresholds of shared references. To contrast the invisible colleges that emerged with the existence of formal institutional relations, a qualitative tracking of the authors was made with respect to their institutional affiliation, lines of research, and meeting places. Both methods show that the subjects of interest can be grouped into 13 thematic modules related to the intellectual property field. Even though most are related to law and economics, there are weak linkages between disciplines which could indicate the construction of a cross-disciplinary field.