Visibility Of Women Research Articles

Medical Devices, Invisible Women, Harmful Consequences.

In this commentary, we explore the disproportionate risk women experience with the insertion of various medical devices. Although pre-market device testing and complication tracking could be improved for all, a failure to consider sex differences in hormones, anatomy, inflammatory responses, and physical function puts women at particular risk. This invisibility of women is an example of gender bias in medical science and practice, a bias that could be corrected in the ways we suggest.

Book of Mormon Theology—Anticipating the Future of a Discipline

Book of Mormon Theology—Anticipating the Future of a Discipline

The Invisible Women. Female Participation in Church Leadership in the Dutch Evangelical Movement

Summary The question discussed in this article is: To what extent does church policy and structure influence the transformative process to include women in governance and spiritual leadership in Evangelical churches in the Netherlands? Transformative processes are complicated and take time, as is the case with the inclusion of women in leadership roles in the Dutch Evangelical Movement. Although the congregational, grassroots structure of the local churches could be an advantage, this article argues that it can also complicate such a process of change. The current situation of the Dutch Evangelical Movement is described through the study of (policy) documents, websites and interviews concerning women in leadership. A comparison with a particular Reformed denomination enables a discussion of structural strengths and weaknesses. Although there are hardly any objections to female leadership at the denominational level, the interviews reveal possible reasons why the inclusion of women in the offices of the local churches is such a slow process. This topic should be the subject of further study.

Counting: How We Use Numbers to Decide What Matters

Counting: How We Use Numbers to Decide What Matters

O11 - A Vision for Women

To provide a contemporary, evidence based and consumer driven maternity service that ensures each woman achieves her optimal outcome. Australian healthcare services measure the quality of their maternity care via clinical outcomes e.g. Perinatal statistics, Healthcare Acquired Conditions (HAC’s) and Clinical Indicators. The increasingly broad variation in maternal demographics between health services Australia wide make accurate benchmarking difficult e.g. rates of obesity, assisted fertility, maternal age >35 years and poor education and socio economic status. A Tertiary maternity service in NSW reviewed how women Australia wide measure their healthcare during pregnancy, labour and birth. The search identified that the factors that are important to women do not correlate with the priorities of health care services. The maternity service responded by reviewing how it would provide maternity care through a different lens. Core business was no longer ‘4000 births’ per annum but became the creation of ‘4000 mothers’ per annum. The team ensured that the evidence based strategies that impact physical birth outcomes were in place and aligned with evidence e.g. models of care, medical and non-medical interventions and provision of information. However a new approach saw the hospital team aligned in their language, energy and actions when interacting with the woman. This approach brought a new philosophy and energy to the team, impacting the emotional outcome for each woman following her birth experience. Obstetric interventions have been increasing nationwide for a number of decades with no demonstrated improvement in outcomes and in some cases a deterioration e.g. increasing rates of postpartum haemorrhage. An alternate strategy was required that would engage both women, medical and midwifery clinicians and optimise each woman’s pregnancy and birth outcome. A multidisciplinary hospital team aligned in their vision and belief resulting in the creation of strong and confident mothers…. ‘this is the moment I dreamed about’.

O5 - A review of post-dates induction of labour research: a critical discourse analysis

Despite equivocal evidence, induction of labour (IOL) for post-dates pregnancy is an increasingly common birth intervention that impacts well women and their babies. Birth interventions can cause iatrogenic harm to mothers and babies. Recent evidence shows that routine post-dates IOL does not reduce the chance of stillbirth. Previous studies have shown how assumptions and beliefs within biomedical discourse filter into medical research. Discourse influences clinical practice guidelines, policies and how information is communicated to women. We used Foucauldian discourse analysis to critically analyse the biomedical literature on IOL, adding to current knowledge about both the intervention itself and how it is shaped by medical discourse. We purposively sampled biomedical, quantitative research on IOL, published in the last five years, using key search terms. Twelve studies met the criteria. In this presentation, we show how current biomedical literature concerns itself with “the dangerousness of [prolonged] pregnancy”, which prioritises the safety of the fetus, while maintaining a narrative that post-dates IOL is “safe and necessary”, despite this not necessarily being the case, at least not for every woman. This exposes the “invisibility of women” in the research and practice of IOL for post-dates. We juxtapose these discourses and extend our findings, drawing on current qualitative literature to demonstrate how women’s experiences reflect these medical assumptions, feeling that IOL is inevitable, or that they do not have a choice. This is concerning, because although constructed as a “safe” intervention, it is not without risk, and raises questions about informed consent. There is increasing concern about overmedicalisation of birth. Critiquing the dominance of obstetric knowledge claims is important to give space for women’s voices, to recognise other forms of knowledge and to humanise birth.

Disputando a modernização em contextos rurais periféricos: revolução verde, mulheres e paradigmas entrelaçados sob a lente pioneira de Cynthia Hewitt de Alcântara

Abstract The interdependent inequalities in the production and circulation of knowledge in the social sciences have marked the historical development of mostly male canons from the centers. With the impulse of the feminist wave in Latin America, the great contribution of invisible women to the construction of the social sciences has begun to have high relevance. This article introduces for the first time the intellectual and professional trajectory of Cynthia Hewitt de Alcántara (1942) from the gender and sociology of knowledge perspectives. Based on her written production and an in-depth interview conducted in July 2022, I focus on the author’s production during her first stay in Mexico between 1966-1985, reconstructing the interrelations between the contexts of production and her contributions contesting modernization processes within the green revolution, the situation of women in peripheral rural contexts and the entangled paradigms of the social sciences from a gendered perspective.

Gender Inequality: Woman and Urban Space

Kadının kentsel mekândaki hareket özgürlüğü, görünürlüğü ve mekân ile olan ilişkisi gibi daha çok fizikselliğe odaklanan konular, ‘Kadın Dostu Kent’ programları gibi bu ilişkiyi güçlendirmeye yönelik birtakım oluşumlar olmasına rağmen, genellikle göz ardı edilmekte veya yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu noktada kadının kente ilişkin mekân pratiklerindeki yerini, mekânla olan olumlu-olumsuz ilişkisini hem kadın hem erkek bakış açısıyla anlamak ve farkındalık oluşturmak amacından hareket alan bu çalışmanın çıkış noktası ve test ettiği temel hipotez ‘kadının kamusal mekândaki görünürlüğünün erkeklere göre daha az olması’dır. Bu hipotezi etkileyebilecek toplumsal ve kültürel kabuller, kadının yüklendiği sorumluluklar ve kentsel mekân pratiklerinin kadınların kullanımına olanak sağlamada eksik kalması gibi nedenler de çalışmanın varsayımlarını oluşturmuştur. Bu hipotez ve bağlı varsayımların test edilmesi/doğrulanması amacı ile Ankara’nın Keçiören ilçesinde basit rastgele örneklem tekniği kullanılarak kadın ve erkek katılımcılar ile toplam 354 anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Keçiören örnek alanı özelinde belirlenen hipotez doğrulanmıştır. Ancak vurgulanması gereken nokta, kadının kentsel mekândaki görünürlüğünün erkeklere göre daha az olmasının temel nedeni ‘güvenlik’ dışında kentsel mekân pratikleri ile ilgili olmayıp, bunun nedeninin daha çok konunun sosyolojik boyutları ile ilgili olduğudur. Bir başka ifadeyle toplumsal yaşam içindeki kadının ‘ev’le özdeşleştirilmesiyle evde yer alması gerektiği görüşü ve ev ile ilgili sorumlulukları nedeniyle kentsel yaşama katılacak zamanı bulamaması gibi nedenler kadının kentsel mekânı erkeklere kıyasla daha az deneyimlemesine neden olmaktadır.

PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM OF WOMEN'S SOCIAL ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF FAMILY STABILITY

The article is devoted to problem of the social role, status and activity of a modern woman. Since the middle of 20th century the problem became the subject of research in the context of family stability in which the main role was given to the spouse’s vision of woman’s social activity. The social activity is considered as an external function of family and includes social, political, educational, professional orientation, intellectual merits, skills and abilities, i.e. the activity of spouses outside the family. It gives the satisfaction of needs that are practically impossible to meet within the family.
 We have studied the hierarchy of family values ​​from the aspect of stability and the ways of expectations and ambitions of 120 families (women-men, n = 240) during the implementation of functions, their relevance within the economic, parenting, social activity, emotional spheres and in external attractiveness. The results of the research allow us to consider the equal distribution of responsibilities of social activity of the spouses as the main precondition for family stability. According to research results, the relatively high rate of social activity of a person/spouse in a system of value hierarchy proves that this function is one of the important factors for strengthening and stabilizing the family relationships.

“If a Woman Knows Cult Secret, She Must Never Tell”: Ritual Consecration, Secrecy, and Female Power in Egungun Pageantry Among the Yoruba

“If a Woman Knows Cult Secret, She Must Never Tell”: Ritual Consecration, Secrecy, and Female Power in Egungun Pageantry Among the Yoruba

The Commission Knocked Out Cold: Laura Serrano and the End of the Mexico City Prohibition of Women's Boxing in the 1990s

AbstractThis article examines the conflict over the legalisation of women's boxing in Mexico City in the 1990s. In 1995, Laura Serrano's Women's International Boxing Federation world boxing title put pressure on the legal system that had banned women from professional boxing in the Mexican capital since 1946. As the visibility of women's boxing grew in Mexico, Serrano publicly fought to end the ban in her home city. The Mexico City Boxing Commission's moral arguments and medical discourses about the female body became increasingly untenable as politics of gender equality won in importance. Using a range of sources, including Mexican newspapers and magazines, government gazettes, congress proceedings, and an autobiographical text by Serrano, this article illustrates the interplay of gender ideologies and institutional structures during an important period in Mexican political history. After seven decades of uninterrupted Institutional Revolutionary Party rule, power of the Mexican capital shifted to the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) when Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas became the city's first elected governor in 1997. Although the PRD politically claimed the end of the prohibition in 1998, the shift in power cost Serrano the best paid boxing event of her career. It took another legal reform that outlawed discrimination in sports to force the Commission to finally regulate women's boxing in 1999.

Toplumsal Cinsiyet Temelinde Bütçelemenin Siyasi Boyutu

Toplumsal cinsiyet algısının sosyo-ekonomik ve ekonomi politik bir tartışma alanı olarak ele alınması, toplumsal cinsiyet temeline dayalı bütçelemenin farklı uygulama biçimlerini değerlendirmek açısından önemlidir. Nitekim toplumsal cinsiyet rollerini siyasal karar alma süreci içinde görünür kılan politika aracı toplumsal cinsiyet temelli bütçeleme yaklaşımıdır. Toplumsal cinsiyet temelli bütçe yaklaşımlarında dikkate alınması gereken temel nokta, bütçe politikalarının kadınların özel alana hapsolma, kadın emeğinin görünmez kılınması gibi toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri sonucunda şekillenen yapısal sorunları çözümlemeye yardımcı olup olmadığıdır. Bu çerçevede temel amaç, cinsiyet rollerini dönüştürmeyi amaçlayan bütçe sistemleri oluşturabilmektir. Buradan hareketle çalışmada cinsiyet rollerini meşrulaştıran sosyal hizmet ağırlıklı bütçe politikaları toplumsal cinsiyete “duyarlı” yaklaşımlar olarak değerlendirilirken, cinsiyet rollerinin dönüşümünü içeren yaklaşımlar toplumsal cinsiyet “esaslı” bütçe politikası yaklaşımı olarak kavramsallaştırılmaktadır. Böyle bir kavramsallaştırma demokrasi modelleri ile toplumsal cinsiyet bütçelemesi uygulamaları arasındaki ilişki çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Buradan hareketle her bir demokrasi modelinde toplumsal cinsiyet temelli bütçe politikalarının kadınların toplumsal konumu üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmekte ve sorgulanmaktadır.

A National Vision of Women’s Empowerment in the Second Decade of the 21st Century

A National Vision of Women’s Empowerment in the Second Decade of the 21st Century

Women in the Blind Spot: Review of Invisible Women

Bibliography of the reviewed book: Perez, C. C. (2019). Invisible Women: exposing data bias in a world designed for men. Abrams Press.

The (in)visibility of women in the press specializing in literature: an analysis of the presence of women writers in Spanish cultural supplements

This paper aims to dissect the presence of female writers in the main four cultural supplements of Spanish reference press: Babelia (El país), Cultura|s (La vanguardia), El cultural (El mundo) and ABC cultural (ABC). For this, we analyzed the “books of the year” recommended between 2010 and 2021 (n = 1,286), as well as the juries in charge of elaborating these ranks. The results show the subsidiary role reserved for women in this sphere of cultural informtion: they barely author 25.3% of the selected books, although some degree is progress is observed in the historical series, after going from 4.8% in 2011 to 37.8% in 2020. The increase in the presence of women in the juries has contributed to this phenomenon –the correlation between ratio of women in both lists being statiscally significant (rs = 0.647, p < 0.001)–, together with the commitment of supplement such as Babelia and Cultura|s to literature written by women. On the contrary, there still seem to be pockets of exclusion in El cultural and ABC cultural, which reduce the visibility of work of female writers in Spain. According to our findings, women authors stand out for their youth (they are between 8 and 20 years younger than men, depending on the indicator), cosmopolitism (there are more foreign female writers, especially American, than Spanish) and origin (mainly, Madrid and Barcelona). This article evinces the collective imaginary, settled for centuries, by which literature was considered a men’s affair, and reflects on the role of cultural journalism and its prescriptive function when it comes to breaking down gender stereotype –a task that, in view of the data provided in this paper, is still far from been completed.

METHODS OF APPLYING THE CONCEPT OF VISIBLE THINKING IN THE EDUCATIONAL COMPONENT "SELF-MANAGEMENT OF LEADERSHIP QUALITIES AND SOCIAL LEADERSHIP"

The article presents the method of applying the concept of visible thinking as an innovative method of teaching students majoring in 231 "Social Work". The main factors that require updating the content, forms and methods of social workers training are defined; it is also noted that the importance of using the capabilities of modern information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the teaching of compulsory and selective educational components is substantiated. Based on the study of scientific sources and materials of the latest educational Internet platforms, the content and features of the implementation of the concept of visible thinking as a tool to ensure conscious participation of the subjects of educational process are outlined.
 It is proved that the integration of this concept into the direct educational process within the educational program "Social Work" is carried out through its systematic, purposeful and multiple implementation, which allows to form soft skills of students such as: critical thinking, strategic thinking, information skills, creativity, cooperation and dialogue, emotional intelligence, tolerance for other points of view and other experiences. Based on the analysis of Project Zero results, methodological techniques and procedures of thinking are outlined, and their prospects in teaching the educational component "Leadership Self-Management and Social Leadership" at Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University (using the case "Invisible Women") are extrapolated. The research potential of teaching methods based on the concept of visible thinking (observation and research of interesting things, in-depth research, intensification of search for causes and explanations, research of different points of view, broadening horizons, reflection of ways and factors of changing the opinion, verification of ideas and proposals, substantiation of facts data and judgments)is substantiated. The conclusion is formulated that the implementation of the concept of visible thinking in the educational process of Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University allows to make the process of thinking conscious by encouraging the active participation of students in the study of the specified educational unit.

Book Review: Invisible Women by Caroline Criado-Perez

Book Review: Invisible Women by Caroline Criado-Perez

Using Outcome Mapping to Mobilize Critical Stakeholders for a Gender Responsive Rift Valley Fever and Newcastle Disease Vaccine Value Chain in Rwanda.

Approximately 752 million of the world's poor keep livestock to produce food, generate income, and build assets. Women represent two-thirds (~400 million people) of low-income livestock keepers. Infectious diseases are a major issue in preventing livestock keepers from optimizing production earnings and improving food security. In Rwanda, highly contagious yet preventable diseases that affect animals that women manage, such as Rift Valley fever in goats and Newcastle disease in chickens have a high-mortality rate and can devastate their herds. Women are disproportionately affected because they bear primary responsibility for goats and chickens. These diseases are preventable through vaccination, but smallholder women farmers rarely benefit from livestock vaccines. Social norms and entrenched cultural stereotypes limit women's confidence and decision-making and restrict their access to resources and information. Women smallholder farmers find that there is little support for the small livestock they manage, because of the official preference given to cattle. They are also challenged by limited availability of livestock vaccines due to lack of a cold chain, inadequate extension, and veterinary services, especially for goats and chickens, and unreliable structures for vaccine delivery. To identify opportunities for women's engagement in the livestock vaccine value chain (LVVC) and reduce their barriers to accessing and using livestock vaccines, we used Outcome Mapping, a stakeholder engagement tool, and the Gender Equality Continuum Tool to classify and engage critical partners in the LVVC. We analyzed each critical partner's capacities, incentives, and drivers for engagement with women, challenges and barriers that hinder their support for women farmers, opportunities at systemic and programmatic levels for women's participation and benefit in the LVVC, and the gender capacities and perceptions of different stakeholders. Enhanced positioning and visibility of women in the LVVC can occur through a systemic engagement of all stakeholders, and recognition of the roles that women play. Women smallholder farmer involvement when determining and shaping the potential entry-points is critical to ensure support for their existing responsibilities in family food security, and future opportunities for generating income. Strengthening gender capacities of LVVC stakeholders, addressing identified barriers, and building on existing opportunities can increase women's participation in the LVVC.

Pictorial Modernity and the Armenian Women of Iran

AbstractThe essay explores the entangled relationship between modernization and women's visibility and representation through three pictorial spheres most redolent of that relationship: photo studio culture (1880s–1930s), satirical cartoons (1920–58), and costume exhibition (1972–76). The study prioritizes minoritarian politics formulated by women through their organizations and public activities, whether charitable in the late nineteenth century, educational in the early twentieth century, or “civilizational” from the mid-twentieth century on. By examining pictorial and textual sources, it proposes that the Armenian woman as a discursive phenomenon was central to Iran's mainstream modernization and foregrounds the complex working of a double marginality to the processes, strategies, and anxieties of late Qajar and Pahlavi modernization.

Women, Cinema, and the First World War in Rosa Porten's Film Wanda's Trick (1918)

This article explores the representation of women's changing gender roles and their relationship to cinema and film production during the First World War by looking at the filmmaker Rosa Porten (1884–1972) and her film Wanda's Trick (1918). This comedy, featuring a plucky female protagonist who succeeds in raising her social and financial status against all odds, is emblematic of Porten's prolific directorial output between 1916 and 1919. By contextualizing the film within the social dynamics of popular cinema and women's changing social roles during the war years, this examination of the film elucidates the effects of intensifying state control over the production of entertainment films in tension with women's increased public presence due to the consequences of the war. Films with strong female leads, such as Wanda's Trick, were supposed to entertain and at the same time offer new role models for women at times of loss, trauma, and destitution. Examining the film in this context reveals the discord between increasing patriarchal state control over film production and women's visibility in cinemas and as filmmakers. This article contributes to establishing Porten's place in a feminist historiography of German film and demonstrates the value of contextualizing trivialized films as cultural products of their time.