Theories Of Intrinsic Motivation Research Articles

A Review of Factors Influencing Students Intrinsic Motivation to Engage in Online Learning Processes

Since the 21st century, with the development of the Internet, online education has gradually become an important trend in the development of the education industry. The motivation of online learning has also received extensive attention and research in the academic community, but compared with the external motivation, the specialized research of internal motivation is less. Therefore, this paper will base on the influence of Bruner's intrinsic motivation theory on online learning, and analyse the relationship between three elements of internal motivation and synchronous online learning and asynchronous online learning. Combined with the existing online learning software and platform, this paper analyses and summarizes the promotion effect of internal motivation on online learning, and puts forward some own views and opinions.

The Impact of Augmented Reality Technology on Students' Motivation to Learn English

Research into the application of augmented reality in education remains in its preliminary stages, with a notable dearth of studies exploring the impact and consequences of augmented reality within educational settings. This study aimed to evaluate and gain insight into how an augmented reality mobile application influenced the motivation of junior high school students studying English. Intrinsic motivation theory served as the framework for understanding motivation in a learning context. The study employed the Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction (ARCS) model to elucidate the influence of augmented reality on student motivation. The research instrument utilized was a 34-item questionnaire centered around English learning motivation, based on the Instructional Materials Motivation Survey. A cohort of 200 participants engaged with the augmented reality mobile applications and completed both pre and post-tests. The findings indicated a significant enhancement in students' motivation to learn when utilizing the augmented reality mobile application. Motivational elements, including attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction, witnessed marked improvements.

Theoretical Foundations of the Flipped Classroom

This study examines the theoretical foundations of the flipped classroom based on a literature search using various online sources such as Google Scholar, Internet Archive Scholar, ScholExplorer, Chatsonic, and ChatGPT. Processing the collected data involved organising, analysing and interpreting the information contained in physical or electronic documents, and after careful reading of the data, pre-processing was necessary to eliminate the content of little relevance to the study. Next, we conducted a textual analysis, extracting key concepts and basic theories related to the flipped classroom. Finally, we grouped authors by theory, classifying secondary contributors under the key author of each theory. The interpretation of the results incorporated in the discussion consisted of answering the research questions. As for the study site, it comprises the entire web. Our results indicate that three main theories support the flipped classroom method: active learning theory, pedagogical differentiation theory and intrinsic motivation theory. Active learning theory stresses the importance of learning through action and play, emphasising the student’s active involvement in his or her learning process. In this approach, the student plays a central role in driving learning, creating a game-like experience, and fostering intelligence development. The theory of educational differentiation, on the other hand, recognises the diversity of students’ skills, interests and learning styles. It encourages teachers to adapt their teaching to meet students’ needs, promoting their learning and success.

A qualitative investigation on Indian vegan food service providers' perspective of trends, challenges and the future of vegan consumption

Veganism is the practice of abstaining from food products derived, either entirely or partially, from animals. This qualitative exploratory study aimed to explore the perspectives of Indian vegan food service providers on their motives, vegan consumption trends, challenges, and the future of vegan consumption in India through the lenses of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation theories and sense-making theory. Of the 65 vegan-specific restaurants contacted across India, thirteen service providers gave their consent to participate in the survey. Data were collected through telephone interviews. A content analysis approach was used to analyse the interview transcripts. The results indicate that vegan food service providers face both operational and market-related challenges. COVID-19 pandemic has had both positive and negative impacts on vegan food services. Despite various challenges, suppliers perceive that the demand for vegan food services will progress in India due to increasing interest in veganism by consumers from tier two and three cities, as well as consumers’ increased interest in health and wellbeing. The results of this study have significant implications for vegan food service providers, researchers, and marketers.

A Meta-Synthesis Study of Forelearn Apperception Process: Strategy to Overcome Jetlag Issues in Early Learning Activities

This study offers a metasynthesis analysis of Forelearn Apperception strategies, shedding light on their diverse applications in educational contexts. With a focus on the jetlag issue between regional Indonesian and international journal publications, this research delves into the nuances of strategies deployed by educators to integrate aperception into instructional practices. Methodologically, this research employed metasynthesis to extract and analyze data from a range of sources. By synthesizing insights from various studies, a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted aspects of Forelearn Apperception strategies was achieved. The analysis also unveiled a progression in strategy emphasis across educational levels, from enthusiasm generation in early education to the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills in higher education. The findings underscore the dynamic nature of educational practices, with strategies adapted to cater to the cognitive development and educational levels of students. The application of diverse aperception approaches emerges as pivotal in creating an engaging learning environment. The study substantiates its conclusions with theoretical underpinnings such as Constructivist Learning and Intrinsic Motivation theories. In conclusion, this metasynthesis analysis provides valuable insights into the versatile utilization of Forelearn Apperception strategies in diverse educational settings. By integrating these strategies, educators can nurture engaging learning experiences, deeper comprehension, and lifelong learning skills while addressing the multifaceted jetlag issue.
 Keywords: Forelearn Apperception, Metasynthesis Study, Jetlag Issue Early Learning

Factors Influencing the Driving Force of Innovative Talents and the Optimization Matching of Talent Policies in Zhanjiang City

This article conducts a study on the relationship between internal and external driving forces of innovative talents and their innovative behavior in Zhanjiang City, using theories such as the theory of intrinsic motivation and social cognitive theory. It establishes and verifies a mediating model of internal driving force in the relationship between external driving forces and innovative behavior. The study focuses on innovative talents in industries such as education, research institutions, and key enterprises in Zhanjiang City, and distributes questionnaires to collect data. Descriptive analysis, reliability and validity testing, regression analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling are conducted using SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 26.0 to study the influencing factors of talent's internal driving force in Zhanjiang City. The study concludes that innovative behavior is influenced by both external driving forces and internal driving force, and that internal driving force partially mediates the relationship between external driving forces and innovative behavior. Based on the analysis results, improvement measures and suggestions are proposed.

Nurturing the soul at work: unveiling the impact of spiritual leadership, interpersonal justice and voice behavior on employee intention to stay

Purpose This study investigates how the spiritual leadership style of a manager affects employees' intention to stay with the organization, taking into account the post-pandemic workplace and the expected economic downturn. Furthermore, this study aims to assess how employee voice behavior mediates the linkages between the spiritual leadership style and intention to stay and how this mediation is influenced by perceived interpersonal justice. Grounded on the self-determination theory of intrinsic motivation and social-exchange theory, this study seeks to advance the theoretical understanding of spiritual leadership and its associated outcomes. Design/methodology/approach The descriptive study included 379 frontline employees in India's tourism and hospitality sector. Responses were collected from selected employees using the snowball sampling method and met strict inclusion criteria. Self-reporting questionnaires were used to collect data from the participants. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using IBM AMOS 21.0, and hypothesis testing and drawing inferences were carried out using path analytic procedures with PROCESS Macro 3.0. Findings Consistent with the hypotheses presented in this paper, this study demonstrated a statistically significant indirect impact of spiritual leadership on employees' intention to stay with the organization, through indirect effects of employee voice behavior. Additionally, the conditional indirect effects of spiritual leadership on employees' intention to stay, mediated by voice behavior, were contingent upon the level of interpersonal justice as a moderator. Specifically, these effects were significant when the levels of interpersonal justice were low but not when they were high. Originality/value This study makes significant strides in developing and testing a pioneering model that examines the association between spiritual leadership and employees’ intention to stay with the organization. This research explores explicitly how this relationship is influenced by perceived interpersonal justice and employee voice behavior. The results of this study emphasize the criticality of cultivating a culture that inspires constructive criticism and elucidates its potential advantages, effectively bridging a gap in the existing scholarly literature.

Self-initiated expatriates from emerging markets: career benefits arising from personal initiative

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of self-initiated professional expatriates about their subjective/intangible and objective/tangible successes in both home and host countries.Design/methodology/approachThis is an empirical study using a survey methodology that included a sample of 211 (Male = 120 and Female = 91) employed professionals from India. Structural equation modeling, ANOVA and t-tests were used to analyze the data.FindingsThis study is unique in examining a sample from a homogeneous population from one country with one segment deciding to be SIEs while the other segment decided to return to their home country. The application of personal initiative (PI) theory and the theory of intrinsic motivation to SIEs is also relatively new. The focus on female professional SIEs from an emerging market to an advanced economy adds value to this study. The results have implications for employers and policy makers as well as US universities.Originality/valueThis study is unique in examining a sample from a homogenous population from one country with one segment deciding to be SIEs while the other segment deciding to return to their home country. The application of personal initiative (PI) theory to SIEs is also relatively new. The focus on female professional SIEs from an emerging market to an advanced economy adds value to this study. The results have implications for employers and policy makers as well as to US universities.

Factors affecting adventure tourist satisfaction: Evidence from Indonesia

Adventure tourism has received significant attention recently because it offers unique sensations. Managers of adventure tourism objects need to understand the determinants of satisfaction in adventure tourism. This study aims to examine the effect of intrinsic motivation and flow theory on extreme and non-extreme adventure tourists’ satisfaction in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach. The sample includes 405 tourists engaged in adventure tourism activities (extreme adventure tourism activities – 200 respondents, and non-extreme adventure tourism activities – 205 respondents). Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) was used to analyze the data. The results show that autonomy and competence influence flow experience (p-value < 0.05). This applies to extreme adventure and non-extreme adventure tourism. Furthermore, flow experience has a positive effect on adventure tourist satisfaction. In the context of extreme adventure tourism, autonomy does not affect the satisfaction of extreme adventure tourists (path coefficients = 0.025 and p-value = 0.761). In the context of non-extreme adventure tourism, competence does not affect the satisfaction of non-extreme adventure tourists (path coefficients = –0.036 and p-value = 0.682). This study recommends that managers of non-extreme tourism spots add challenging aspects to tour packages because they are believed to increase tourist satisfaction.

A comparative evaluation of behavioral security motives: Protection, intrinsic, and identity motivations

This study examines the contrast between three motivation theories (identity, protection, and intrinsic) and their impact on two forms of security behaviors (in-role and extra-role). The information security literature has informed much of our understanding of how individuals are motivated to perform security behaviors, with a predominant focus on the Protection Motivation and Intrinsic Motivation theories. We draw from recent insights from the Identity Theory and its explanation of behaviors in the workplace to compare motivations toward in-role and extra-role security behaviors. Whereas identity is influential in positively motivating in-role and extra-role behaviors, intrinsic motivation does not influence in-role behaviors, and protection motivation reduces extra-role behaviors. These results provide insights on the role that identity plays as a capable motivation with implications for research and practice.

How Spiritual Leadership Influences Creative Behaviors: the Mediating Role of Workplace Climate

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between spiritual leadership and creative behavior with workplace climate as mediating variable in the Jordanian banking. Theoretical framework: The purpose of this study, which extends the theories of intrinsic motivation and social exchange, is to acquire a deeper knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between spiritual leadership and innovative workplace behavior. Design/methodology/approach: The study used quantitative research approach through a survey based on random sampling method from (n= 358) employees of 13 Jordanian commercial banks in Amman. For purposes of analysis, structural equation modeling was then utilized for the examination of the research hypotheses. Findings: The results of the research indicated that workplace climate mediates the link between spiritual leadership and creative behavior. Specifically, greater levels of creative behavior among employees were related to spiritual leadership, as was a favorable working environment. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study offers managerial and theoretical implications while considering the study’s limitations to provide guidance for the future. Originality/value: The study identifies the magnificent influence of spiritual leadership and the workplace climate by delineating how these factors stimulate creative behaviors among employees. Specifically, the study focuses on how spiritual leadership and the workplace climate stimulate creative behaviors among employees. We examine the consequences of these findings for both research and practice.

Difficulty-skill balance does not affect engagement and enjoyment: a pre-registered study using artificial intelligence-controlled difficulty.

How does the difficulty of a task affect people's enjoyment and engagement? Intrinsic motivation and flow theories posit a 'goldilocks' optimum where task difficulty matches performer skill, yet current work is confounded by questionable measurement practices and lacks scalable methods to manipulate objective difficulty-skill ratios. We developed a two-player tactical game test suite with an artificial intelligence (AI)-controlled opponent that uses a variant of the Monte Carlo Tree Search algorithm to precisely manipulate difficulty-skill ratios. A pre-registered study (n = 311) showed that our AI produced targeted difficulty-skill ratios without participants noticing the manipulation, yet different ratios had no significant impact on enjoyment or engagement. This indicates that difficulty-skill balance does not always affect engagement and enjoyment, but that games with AI-controlled difficulty provide a useful paradigm for rigorous future work on this issue.

For Love or Money: Intrinsic Motivation in The Global Project Team

Global project teams (GPTs) are forecast to continue their ascent as the primary construct for implementing business change on a global scale. There is a lack of research exploring the sources of motivation in GPTs. Research in the field of general project management has started to explore the role of intrinsic motivation and self-determination theory (SDT) in driving performance. This research paper extends that exploration into the field of global projects, testing prior research findings in the context of a field study of 79 GPT practitioners in 21 countries. 8 sources of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are validated as salient in the GPT. Intrinsic motivators are found to be more influential than extrinsic motivators. The study concludes with views on promoting intrinsic motivation in the GPT.

"We had time for ourselves" – Israeli Homeschooling Graduates Talk About Their Learning and Activities in Homeschooling

This study focuses on the homeschooling experiences of Israeli homeschool graduates. The phenomenon of homeschooling has been evolving in recent years as more and more parents choose to educate their children at home. In the world, and also in Israel, many studies have been conducted on homeschooling, but in Israel no research has been conducted on homeschooling graduates. Homeschooling is a relatively new phenomenon in Israel and only in recent years has a significant group of graduates been formed. This qualitative, phenomenological study focused on Israeli homeschooling graduates who had reached the age of eighteen and studied most of their elementary and high school years at home. Using semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 15 homeschooling graduates, the study sought to understand how homeschooling graduates spent their time in childhood and adolescence, the educational approach used in their homes, and their perceptions of their learning experiences. The findings uniquely detail homeschooling from the perspective of homeschooling graduates and interpret them in light of intrinsic motivation theories. The parents’ and homeschool graduates’ educational approaches and attitudes fostered children’s intrinsic motivation to learn.

Prophetic Leadership Model for Public Bureaucracy: How it’s Works?

This study discusses prophetic leadership models and how to facilitate them in the public bureaucracy. Prophetic leadership is the ability possessed by leaders to influence subordinates following Islamic demands (leading to the pattern of the leadership of Rasulullah PBUH). Systematically we work. Starting with searching for sources of reading (al-Qur'an, hadith, journals, and books), then reading interactive, making reading tables, and reducing the essence of reading before being transferred to the worksheet. This study found that leadership can be explained through extrinsic and intrinsic motivation theories. Prophetic leadership belongs to innate leadership because it uses spirituality as the basis of value. In Islam, prophetic leadership not only stems from intrinsic or ethical motivation but also combines divine-world motivation (Hashanah) and Akhirah. Then it is known that the triggers of prophetic leadership can result from imitating the Prophet Muhammad and social experience. The process of its formation took place for a long time, so it is concluded that prophetic leadership can be applied in the public bureaucracy if the state civil apparatus of the country has religious maturity. Efforts to realize prophetic leadership can begin by analyzing the level of religious maturity. Bringing spiritual nuances within the organization is considered to be sufficient to facilitate the ASN of a mature country. We are just at the analytical stage and predict its application opportunities. The next researcher needs to raise the best practice case from this model and formulate a measuring tool to assess the successful application of prophetic leadership in the public bureaucracy.

Accounting faculty’s pursuit of professional certifications: Pre- and post-terminal degree comparison

Using survey data collected from 536 U.S. accounting faculty, this study applies theories of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to investigate the differences of two terminally degreed faculty groups (PreCerts v. PostCerts) in their motivations, perceived obstacles, and perceived benefits of pursuing a professional accounting certification. Among our findings, we find that faculty receiving a certification before their terminal degree (PreCerts) chose extrinsic factors more often than their PostCert counterparts. For example, PreCerts chose a job requirement as a motivation for obtaining a professional certification significantly more often. On the other hand, faculty who obtained their professional certification after their terminal degree (PostCerts) tended to choose more intrinsic-motivating items. With a trend of increasing non-certified Ph.D. faculty, we believe these results not only shed light on differing motivations for the two groups but can also serve current accounting departments in encouraging non-certified faculty to pursue a professional certification.

BİREYSEL DEĞERLERİN KENDİ KENDİNE LİDERLİK DAVRANIŞINA ETKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Kendi kendine liderlik kavramı genel anlamda bireylerin kendi eylem ve düşüncelerini düzenleyebilmek amacıyla iç motivasyonlarını sağlamaları ve bu bakış açısını edinmelerine odaklanmaktadır. Sosyal öğrenme kuramında da, bireylerin davranışlarının, bireysel özellikleri ve çevresel etkiler ile etkileşim içerisinde olduğu ve öğrenilebileceği hususları belirtilmektedir. Bu noktada bireysel değerlerin kendi kendine liderlik davranışlarının öğrenilmesinde ve uygulanmasındaki etkisi içsel motivasyon ve sosyal öğrenme kuramı kapsamında değerlendirilecektir. Araştırmanın amacı, yöneticilerin ve işgörenlerin bireysel değerlerinin kendi kendine liderlik davranışı üzerinde etkisinin olup olmadığının incelenmesidir. Araştırma çerçevesinde verilerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla nicel araştırma yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma örneklemini yöneticiler ve işgörenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma çerçevesinde korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. İşgörenlerin davranışlarına rehberlik eden değerlerin, kendilerine liderlik etme davranışlarını etkilediği, bireylerin kendilik algılarının arttığı görülmüştür. Yoğun çalışma temposu altında yöneticilerin ve işgörenlerin kendilerini yönetme becerilerini edinmeleri önemli yetkinlikler arasındadır. Araştırmanın, yöneticiler ve işgörenler kapsamında birlikte değerlendirilerek bireysel değerlerin kendi kendine liderlik davranışlarına etkisinin incelenmesinin ilgili literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Teachers’ Perception of Advantages and Disadvantages of Kahoot!

Many instructors around the world have been using different Game-based Student Response Systems due to the rise in the variety and availability of digital educational and commercial games. Kahoot, one of the most popular among these systems, provides a game experience by combining theory of intrinsic motivation and game-flow with the help of audio/visual aids. In spite of the numerous attempts to evaluate this game-based tool according, limited research has focused on teachers’ perceptions of the potential strengths and weaknesses of Kahoot, specifically in GCC countries. Employing focus group interviews, this study attempts to shed some light on the potential advantages and disadvantages of Kahoot by gathering the views of teachers who work at the Center for Preparatory Studies at a university in Oman. Results indicate that although teachers believe that Kahoot is qualified with several positive features, it still suffers from several disadvantages in which it can definitely improve.

The Influence of Spiritual Leadership on Harmonious Passion: A Case Study of the Hotel Industry in China.

The hotel manager has the responsibility to stimulate the passion of the staff. The vision, hope/faith, and altruistic love advocated by spiritual leaders can meet the independent psychological needs of employees, thus enhancing their harmonious passion. This study is based on self-determination theory, intrinsic motivation theory and psychological capital theory, and explores the relationship between spiritual leadership and employees’ harmonious passion. This study uses 260 employees of star hotels in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Hefei, Huangshan, and other cities in China. Results show that spiritual leadership positively impacts employees’ harmonious passion, and calling plays an mediation role between spiritual leadership and employees’ harmonious passion. The results are helpful to clarify the formation mechanism of employees’ harmonious passion from the perspective of self-determination theory, intrinsic motivation theory and psychological capital theory and show that spiritual leadership can drive employees’ harmonious passion, especially when hotel vision and employee calling are consistent. Furthermore, the altruistic love of spiritual leaders for their followers also plays a key role in employee calling and promoting harmonious passion. Therefore, this study also emphasizes the importance of calling in improving the harmonious passion of employees. The theoretical and management implications that help to enhance the harmonious passion of employees are discussed in detail.

Towards a neo-configurational theory of intrinsic motivation

This research seeks to improve our understanding of how intrinsic motivation is instantiated. Three motivation theories, flow theory, self-determination theory, and empowerment theory, have informed our understanding of the foundations of intrinsic motivation at work. Taken jointly, they suggest six causal factors for intrinsic motivation: (1) perceived competence, (2) perceived challenge, (3) perceived autonomy, (4) perceived impact, (5) perceived social relatedness, and (6) perceived meaningfulness. Integrating different theoretical perspectives, I employ a case-based configurational approach and conduct coincidence analyses on survey data from a German public utility to analyse the nuanced interplay of these six causal factors for intrinsic motivation. My data show that high perceived meaningfulness or high perceived autonomy is sufficient for high perceived intrinsic motivation and at least one of the two conditions must be present. Further, my findings reveal a common cause structure in which perceived impact is not a causal factor for intrinsic motivation but an additional outcome factor. Subsequent analyses shed light on possible roles of the remaining proposed causal factors by drawing a tentative causal chain structure. The results of this study enhance our understanding of the causal complexity underlying the formation of intrinsic motivation.