Intestinal Dysbacteriosis Research Articles

Intestinal dysbacteriosis potentiates ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting microRNA-130a to upregulate tumor necrosis factor α

Allergic airway diseases (AAD), including chronic disorders such as allergic rhinitis, are resulted from complicated immunological interactions. Intestinal dysbacteriosis (ID) has been implicated in immune response to respiratory infections. We aimed to investigate the effect of ID on a mouse model of AAD, and the potential molecular factors involved. Ovalbumin (OVA) was employed to sensitize and challenge mice to elicit allergic inflammation in the upper as well as the lower airways. OVA-induced AAD model mice and control mice were raised with or without antibiotics treatment to establish the combinational AAD + ID mouse model. Characteristic symptoms of AAD were evaluated in regard to allergic symptoms, serum OVA specific IgE level, as well as inflammation cells, cytokines and microRNA expression profile in nasal lavage fluid (NALF) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In AAD mice, ID caused increased nasal rubbing, sneezing, serum OVA specific IgE level and pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in NALF and BALF. ID also inhibited microRNA-130a of AAD mice. Further molecular experiments indicated that microRNA-130a could specifically target and repress TNF-α. ID increases the susceptibility to AAD and allergic inflammatory response, possibly by inhibiting microRNA-130a to upregulate TNF-α.

Microbiota transplantation reveals beneficial impact of berberine on hepatotoxicity by improving gut homeostasis.

Berberine has been shown to reduce acute liver injury although the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Because of the anatomic connection, the liver is constantly exposed to gut-derived bacterial products and metabolites. In this study, we showed that berberine has beneficial effects on both hepatotoxicity and intestinal damage in a rat model of chronic or acute liver injury. Microbiota transplantation from the rats with chronic hepatotoxicity could aggravate acute hepatotoxicity in mice treated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN). In rat models with gut homeostasis disruption induced by penicillin or dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), their fecal microbiota could also cause an enhanced hepatotoxicity of recipient mice. When treated with berberine, the DSS-induced enteric dysbacteriosis could be mitigated and their fecal bacteria were able to reduce acute hepatotoxicity in recipient mice. This study indicates that berberine could improve intestinal dysbacteriosis, which reduces the hepatotoxicity caused by pathological or pharmacological intervention. Fecal microbiota transplantation might be a useful method to directly explore homeostatic alteration in gut microbiota.

A hospital-to-home evaluation of an enhanced recovery protocol for elective pancreaticoduodenectomy in China: A cohort study.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs have been shown to decrease postoperative complications and hospital stay in pancreaticoduodenectomy. However, no studies concerned recovery after discharge except readmission. This study evaluated an ERAS program for pancreaticoduodenectomy from hospital to home.A prospective ERAS cohort undergoing elective pancreaticoduodenectomy was compared with a retrospective control group in terms of postoperative complications and hospital stay, and home recovery after discharge. Propensity-score matching was used to balance their baselines.Two groups of 31 patients with similar propensity scores were established. Postoperative morbidities were 18 of 31 and 26 of 31 in the ERAS and control groups, respectively (P = .06). Patients in the ERAS group suffered from fewer cardiovascular complications (3/31 vs 11/31; P = .04) and intestinal dysbacteriosis (4/31 vs 13/31; P = .04). Median postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the ERAS group (8 vs 16 days; P < .001). Although the 2 groups were similar in terms of sleep, defecation, vigor, performance status, and pain control in first month after discharge, patients in the ERAS group enjoyed better food intake recovery (18/31 vs 5/31 in first week, P = .002; 22/31 vs 9/31 in second week, P = .008; 23/31 vs 13/31 in fourth week, P = .01) and fewer weight loss (10/31 vs 19/31; P = .05). Multivariate analyses showed that both improvements were associated with no bowel preparation.ERAS implementation in selected patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy could promise better outcomes, not only in the hospital but also at home in the short term.

Development of an XBP1 agonist, HLJ2, as a potential therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis

There is a severe lack of effective treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC), a recurrent and intractable inflammatory bowel disease. The identification of valid targets and new drugs is an urgent need. In this study, we identified the XBP-1 agonist HLJ2 as a promising treatment candidate. In an in vivo mouse model of DSS-induced colitis, HLJ2 decreased weight loss, colon contracture, disease activity index (DAI), colon mucosa damage index (CMDI) and histopathological index (HI). HLJ2 also decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and reduced production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. HLJ2 improved intestinal mucosa damage induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and increased the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-1. Fecal 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing demonstrated a significant improvement in UC intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice treated with HLJ2, including increased abundance of probiotics such as Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, and Lactobacillaceae. At the same time there was a reduction in the abundance of pathogenic or conditional pathogenic microorganisms such as Bacteroidaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Deferribacteraceae, and Pseudomonadaceae in HLJ2-treated mice compared with untreated mice. Our results demonstrated that the XBP1 agonist HLJ2 inhibits inflammation, regulates the intestinal flora, and protects the intestinal mucosa. It is thus a potential therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis.

ПРЕДИКТОРИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПОРУШЕННЯ МИКРОБІОЦЕНОЗУ КИШЕЧНИКА У ДІТЕЙ ПЕРШОГО РОКУ ЖИТТЯ І ЙОГО ПРОФІЛАКТИКА

Метою дослідження було виявлення чинників порушення мікрофлори кишечнику та надання профілактичних заходів. Обстежено 30 дітей. Визначені фактори ризику: у половини дітей вік батьків 30 і більше років; обтяжена спадковість, здебільшого з боку матері, хронічні захворювання органів травлення (70%), ЛОР-органів (23,3%), алергічні реакції і захворювання (40%); патологічна вагітність у всіх жінок (токсикоз, гострі та загострення хронічних захворювань, дефіцитна анемія); патологічні пологи (кесарів розтин у 16,6% вагітни). У 30% пацієнтів виявлено подовження фази транзиторного дисбіозу новонародженої дитини до другого півріччя життя. Клінічні прояви дисбактеріозу в дітей відповідали легкій компенсованій формі (I ступень тяжкості) але дані бактеріологічного дослідження -II–III мікробіологічним ступеням дисбіозу. Профілактику дисбактеріоза потрібно починати з дитячого віку майбутньої мами; під час вагітності жінкам "групи ризику" слід проводити дослідження стану біоценозу кишечнику і коригувати його порушення. Діти, народжені від матерів цієї групи ризику, потребують первинної профілактики порушення мікробіоценоза кишечника.

Effects of clostridium butyricum and bifidobacterium on BTLA expression on CD4+ T cells and lymphocyte differentiation in late preterm infants

Background & aimsProbiotics is recognized to promote growth performance and immune function via balancing the intestinal microflora. Live clostridium butyricum and bifidobacterium combined powder (LCBBCP) has been widely to treat intestinal dysbacteriosis in newborns in China. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the combined probiotics on the expression of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) on CD4+ T cells and the differentiation of lymphocyte subsets in late preterm infants. MethodsEighty eligible late preterm infants were equally randomized into LCBBCP therapy group (oral LCBBCP dissolved in formula milk before intake) and control group (treated with simple formula milk for preterm infants) by random digit table. Flow cytometry was used to determine the expression level of BTLA on CD4+ T cells and the percentage of individual subpopulation of lymphocytes in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from the late preterm infants in both groups. ResultsBTLA protein expression on CD4+ T cells showed no significant change in LCBBCP therapy group before and after intervention, yet was rapidly and significantly down-regulated in the controls. The percentage of increased CD4+ T cells, decreased CD8+ T cells and increased ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cell proportion were seen in both groups after treatment, yet the increasing or decreasing extent in LCBBCP therapy group was more obvious than in control group. The proportion of NK cells and B lymphocytes remained no significant difference between the two groups before and after therapy. ConclusionsLCBBCP appears capable of facilitating the activation, proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes, which is beneficial to improving immunity in late preterm infants. The continuous high expression of BTLA on CD4+ T cells in LCBBCP therapy group may be involved in the inhibiting of excessive activation of T lymphocytes. Our findings may lay a basis for further clinical evaluation of the efficacies and wider clinical recommendation of probiotics containing live clostridium butyricum and bifidobacterium for late preterm infants.

Transcriptomic analysis of mouse liver reveals a potential hepato-enteric pathogenic mechanism in acute Toxoplasma gondii infection.

BackgroundToxoplasma gondii is a worldwide spread pathogen which can infect all tissues of its host. The transcriptomic responses of infected brain and spleen have been reported. However, our knowledge of the global transcriptomic change in infected liver is limited. Additionally, T. gondii infection represents a highly dynamic process involving complex biological responses of the host at many levels. Herein, we describe such processes at a global level by discovering gene expression changes in mouse livers after acute infection with T. gondii ToxoDB#9 strain.ResultsGlobal transcriptomic analysis identified 2,758 differentially expressed transcripts in infected liver, of which 1,356 were significantly downregulated and 1,402 upregulated. GO and KEGG database analyses showed that host immune responses were upregulated, while the metabolic-related processes/pathways were downregulated, especially xenobiotic metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and bile biosynthesis and secretion. The metabolism of more than 800 chemical compounds including anti-Toxoplasma prescribed medicines were predicted to be modulated during acute T. gondii infection due to the downregulation of enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first global transcriptomic analysis of mouse liver infected by T. gondii. The present data indicate that during the early stage of liver infection, T. gondii can induce changes in liver xenobiotic metabolism, upregulating inflammatory response and downregulating hepatocellular PPAR signaling pathway, altering host bile biosynthesis and secretion pathway; these changes could enhance host intestinal dysbacteriosis and thus contribute to the pathological changes of both liver and intestine of infected mice. These findings describe the biological changes in infected liver, providing a potential mechanistic pathway that links hepatic and intestinal pathologies to T. gondii infection.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1716-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The correlation study between the changes of intestinal mucosa predominant bacteria and Toll-like receptor 2, Toll-like receptor 4 gene expressions in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients

Based on high throughput sequencing and PCR detection technology, this study has found out that intestinal microbial diversity was impaired and the quantities of two main bacteria flora (Bacteroidetes and Clostridium) were significantly reduced in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS). Meanwhile mucosal expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 were significantly enhanced, which was inversely correlated with the reduction of Bacteroidetes and Clostridium. Thus, it suggests that D-IBS may be associated with TLR signal transduction triggered by the intestinal dysbacteriosis.

Interaction of effective ingredients from traditional Chinese medicines with intestinal microbiota

A large number and wide varieties of microorganisms colonize in the human gastrointestinal tract. They construct an intestinal microecological system in the intestinal environment. The intestinal symbiotic flora regulates a series of life actions, including digestion and absorption of nutrient, immune response, biological antagonism, and is closely associated with the occurrence and development of many diseases. Therefore, it is greatly essential for the host's health status to maintain the equilibrium of intestinal microecological environment. After effective compositions of traditional Chinese medicines are metabolized or biotransformed by human intestinal bacteria, their metabolites can be absorbed more easily, and can even decrease or increase toxicity and then exhibit significant different biological effects. Meanwhile, traditional Chinese medicines can also regulate the composition of the intestinal flora and protect the function of intestinal mucosal barrier to restore the homeostasis of intestinal microecology. The relevant literatures in recent 15 years about the interactive relationship between traditional Chinese medicines and gut microbiota have been collected in this review, in order to study the classification of gut microflora, the relationship between intestinal dysbacteriosis and diseases, the important roles of gut microflora in intestinal bacterial metabolism in effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines and bioactivities, as well as the modulation effects of Chinese medicine on intestinal dysbacteriosis. In addition, it also makes a future prospect for the research strategies to study the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicines based on multi-omics techniques.

Effects of ceftriaxone induced intestinal dysbacteriosis on lymphocytes in different tissues in mice

The close relationship between intestinal microflora and immune system has been confirmed, stimulus from intestinal flora plays an important role in the development of the immune system and its dynamic balance. Current research is still inadequate to determine how local bacteria in gut influence the whole body. In this study, influence of ceftriaxone sodium induced intestinal dysbacteriosis on local and overall immune function was investigated. We found that the beneficial bacteria decreased significantly compared with control after oral administration of ceftriaxone; Moreover, the proportion of T cells are higher and B cells are lower in the dysbacteriosis mice, activation and proliferation of T and B cells was decreased significantly in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs), such as Peyer’s patches (PPs) and mesenteric lymph nodes(MLNs)with ceftriaxone treatment; The secreted sIgA in intestinal was reduced in dysbacteriosis mice than that of control as well. The similar results above are also shown on the spleen. In addition, the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction decreased in dysbacteriosis mice. The present data suggested that intestinal microflora had impact on immune system by influencing the proportion and function of lymphocytes in PPS-MLN-spleen.

A microbiological assay to estimate the antimicrobial activity of parenteral tildipirosin against foodborne pathogens and commensals in the colon of beef cattle and pigs.

Tildipirosin (TIP) is a novel 16-membered-ring macrolide authorized for the treatment of bovine and swine respiratory disease. The pH dependency of macrolide antimicrobial activity is well known. Considering that the pH in the colon contents of growing beef cattle and pigs is usually below pH 7.0, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of TIP against foodborne bacterial pathogens such as Campylobacter (C.) coli, C. jejuni and Salmonella enterica and commensal species including Enterococcus (E.) faecalis, E. faecium and Escherichia coli were determined under standard (pH 7.3 ± 1) or neutral as well as slightly acidic conditions. A decrease in pH from 7.3 to 6.7 resulted in an increase in MICs of TIP. Except for the MICs > 256 μg/mL observed in the resistant subpopulation of the C. coli and the Enterococcus species, the MIC ranges increased from 2-8 μg/mL to 64-> 256 μg/mL for Salmonella enterica and E. coli, from 8-16 μg/mL to 32-128 μg/mL for the two Campylobacter species, and from 4-32 μg/mL to 128-> 256 μg/mL for both Enterococcus species. To estimate the antimicrobial activity of TIP in the colon contents of livestock during recommended usage of the parenterally administered TIP (Zuprevo(®) ), and to compare this with the increased MICs at the slightly acidic colonic pH, we developed and validated a microbiological assay for TIP and used this to test incurred faecal samples collected from cattle and pigs. Microbiological activity of luminal TIP was determined in aqueous supernatants from diluted faeces, using standard curves produced from TIP-spiked faecal supernatants. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for TIP was 1 μg/mL (ppm). In a cattle study (n = 14), 3 of 28 faecal samples collected 24 and 48 h post-treatment were found to contain TIP above the LOQ (concentrations of 1.3-1.8 ppm). In another cattle study (n = 12) with faecal samples collected at 8, 24 and 48 h post-treatment, TIP concentrations were above the LOQ in 4 of the 8 h samples (1.2-2.6 ppm) and one of the 24-h samples (1.3 ppm). In a pig study (n = 12) with faecal samples collected 24, 48 and 72 h post-treatment, only one sample contained TIP above the LOQ (concentration 1.5 ppm). In another pig study (n = 12), with samples collected at 8, 24 48 and 96 h post-treatment, TIP concentrations were above the LOQ in one 8-h sample (1.1 ppm) and two 24-h samples (2.3 and 2.5 ppm). None of the 48-h and 96-h samples from these 4 studies contained measurable TIP concentrations. Thus, in cattle and pigs, only a small fraction of faecal samples collected up to 24 h postdosing contained measurable microbiologically active TIP, with its maximum limited to 2.6 μg/mL. This is several log2 dilution steps below the MICs of TIP against foodborne pathogens and commensals collected under acidic conditions comparable with those in the colonic contents and may explain a lack of intestinal dysbacteriosis with parenteral tildipirosin in livestock.

Ex Vivo and In Situ Evaluation of 'Dispelling-Wind' Chinese Medicine Herb-Drugs on Intestinal Absorption of Chlorogenic Acid.

This study aims to investigate the additive or synergistic effects and mechanism of intestinal absorption of extracts from two commonly used 'dispelling-wind' TCM botanical drugs [roots of Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Franch. & Sav. (RAD) and Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. (RSD)] using chlorogenic acid as a marker substance. Ex vivo everted intestinal sac and in situ single pass perfusion methods using rats were employed to investigate the effects of two TCM botanical drugs extracts on the intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid. Both the extracts of RAD and RSD showed synergistic properties on the intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid. The verapamil (a P-gp inhibitor) and intestinal dysbacteriosis model induced by norfloxacin increased the P(app) and K(a) of intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid. These synergistic effects on intestinal absorption in a rat model can be correlated with the inhibition of P-gp and regulation of gut microbiota. This experimental approach has helped to better understand changes in the absorption of chlorogenic acid under different conditions.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ПОДХОД К ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОМУ ПИТАНИЮ ДЕТЕЙ ПЕРВОГО ГОДА ЖИЗНИ.

&lt;p&gt;У статті розглядаються&lt;br /&gt;аспекти функціонального харчування дітей раннього віку з метою профілактики та лікування дисбіозів кишечника.&lt;br /&gt;Серед значної кількості несприятливих факторів, які впливають на здоров'я дитини, особливе місце займає&lt;br /&gt;нераціональне харчування. Порушення в організації вигодовування дітей першого року життя є однією з провідних&lt;br /&gt;причин поширеності аліментарнозалежних захворювань. Оптимальним продуктом харчування для дітей перших&lt;br /&gt;місяців життя є материнське молоко, яке відповідає особливостям дитячої травної системи та обміну речовин,&lt;br /&gt;забезпечує адекватний розвиток дитячого організму при раціональному харчуванні матері-годувальниці. На&lt;br /&gt;даний час поширеність і тривалість грудного вигодовування не настільки високі, діти часто переводяться на&lt;br /&gt;штучне та частково грудне вигодовування. Це створює передумови для формування порушень мікробіоценозу&lt;br /&gt;кишечника за умов використання неадаптованих молочних сумішей. Одним із можливих шляхів вирішення&lt;br /&gt;проблеми дисбіозів у дітей раннього віку є використання високоадаптованих молочних сумішей, збагачених&lt;br /&gt;пребіотиками. Додаткове введення пребіотиків до складу молочних сумішей дозволяє відтворити дію&lt;br /&gt;олігосахаридів грудного молока, нормалізувати склад мікрофлори кишечника та оптимізувати процеси травлення.&lt;/p&gt;

超微七味白术散对肠道厌氧微生物代谢多样性的调控作用

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 超微七味白术散对肠道厌氧微生物代谢多样性的调控作用 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201309182306 作者: 作者单位: 湖南省食用菌研究所 湖南 长沙,湖南省珍贵濒危药材工程研究中心 长沙,湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所 湖南省长沙市,湖南省食用菌研究所 湖南 长沙,湖南中医药大学 湖南 长沙,湖南省食用菌研究所 湖南 长沙,湖南中医药大学 长沙 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(81173214) Effects of ultra-micro powder qiweibaizhusan on metabolism diversity of intestinal anaero-microbiotia in diarrheal mice with dysbacteriosis Author: Affiliation: Hunan Domestic Fungus Research Institute,Changsha,Changsha,Hunan Institute of Nuclear Agricultural#$NBSSciences and#$NBSSpace-induced#$NBSBreeding,Changsha,Hunan province,Hunan Domestic Fungus Research Institute,Changsha,Hunan Domestic Fungus Research Institute,Changsha,Hunan Domestic Fungus Research Institute,Changsha,Hunan University of TCM Changsha Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:探讨超微七味白术散对菌群失调腹泻的肠道微生态调节作用。采用同时灌胃头孢拉定和硫酸庆大霉素进行小鼠菌群失调造模,灌胃给药七味白术散传统汤药和超微七味白术散1/2剂量的汤药进行治疗,正常组和模型组灌胃等量的无菌水,治疗3 d后,提取肠道微生物,在厌氧条件下,运用Biolog微生物自动分析系统研究肠道微生物的代谢情况。培养72 h时,各组的颜色平均变化率(AWCD)趋于稳定,且1/2剂量的超微汤药治疗组> 正常组> 传统汤药治疗组> 模型组;正常组的Shannon指数和Simpson指数为最大,且与其他各组差异极显著(P<0.01),1/2剂量超微汤药治疗组的Shannon均匀度和Mclntosh指数最大,Shannon均匀度与正常组差异不显著(P>0.05),其余指标与各组都存在显著性差异(P<0.01或P<0.05)。聚类分析和主成分分析表明抗生素的抑菌作用明显,使小鼠肠道微生物的代谢受到影响,七味白术散传统汤药和1/2剂量超微汤药的调控使小鼠肠道微生物的代谢多样性逐渐恢复平衡,但两种汤药的调控作用不尽相同。七味白术散超微饮片1/2剂量对肠道厌氧微生物代谢多样性的调控作用优于传统饮片。 Abstract:Compound traditional Chinese medicine is one of the medication characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, as well as its essence. Intestinal microbiotia have a crucial effect on hosts' metabolic function and life activities. Intestinal microbiotia are devoted to dissolution and transformation of the Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients by hydrolysis and restoring reaction. In order to investigate the microecological mechanisms for ultra-micro Qiweibaizhusan on diarrheal mice with intestinal dysbacteriosis, the mouse model with dysbacteriosis was constructed by intragastric administration with antibiotics mixture composed of cefradine capsules and gentamycin sulfate injection. One group of diarrheal mice were treated with the traditional decoction of Qiweibaizhusan, the other group of diarrheal mice were given 1/2 dose of ultra-micro powder Qiweibaishusan, and the normal group and the diarrheal group mice were treated with sterilized water by intragastric administration. After three days' treatment, the intestinal microbiotia were extracted, and their carbon metabolisms were determined by Biolog Microbial Identification System. The results showed that all groups of average of wall color development (AWCD) tended to be stable throughout 72 h cultivation period, but AWCD of the 1/2 dose of ultra-micro powder group > the normal group > the traditional decoction group > the model group. The microbial diversity index, including Shannon index and Simpson index, in the normal group were the largest, and there were significant differences compared with that in other groups (P<0.01). The Shannon evenness and Mclntosh index of the 1/2 dose of ultra-micro powder treated group were very significantly different compared to that of other group (P<0.01, P<0.05), except that the Shannon evenness wasn't significantly different compared with that of the normal group (P>0.05). The results of clustering analysis and principal components analysis suggest that bacteriostasis function of antibiotics was prominent, and some metabolic pathways of intestinal microbiotia in mice were influenced. The metabolic diversity of intestinal microbiotia in mice was gradually regained by the regulatory functions of 1/2 dose of ultra-micro powder and traditional decoction of Qiweibaishusan. There were differences in the regulatory roles of the traditional decoction and ultra-micro powder decoction. The regulatory role of 1/2 dose of ultra-micro powder was more notable than that of traditional decoction. The ultra-micro Qiweibaizhusan had a prominent regulatory role on metabolic diversity of intestinal anaerobic microbiotia in mice, and had a good treatment effect on diarrhea with intestinal dysbacteriosis. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

APPROACHES TO THE CHOICE OF BIOPREPARATIONS IN THE CORRECTION OF INTESTINAL DYSBACTERIOSIS IN CHILLDREN WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B ASSOCIATED WITH LAMBLIASIS

The developed technique of “loading” test in vitro was used for choice of biological agent for correction of the intestinal dysbacteriosis (ID) in 75 children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) associated with lambliasis. There was established direct proportional decrease in ability of lymphocytes to E-rosette forming in dependence on severity degree of intestinal dysbacteriosis. Bifilax-immuno (62.7%) appeared to be most sensitive biological agent in the test in vitro which was differed by qualitative and quantitative contents in comparison with Lacto-G (48.0%) and Narimax-plus (38.7%), , p&lt;0,05. The evaluation of the efficacy of the directed therapy allowed increase in efficacy of the treatment by 40.1%. Development of clinical, biochemical and microbiological remission was achieved in 76.5%, 64.4% and 62.0% respectively. In this connection the children with chronic hepatitis B associated with lambliasis were recommended to examine intestinal microflora and to use test in vitro before choice of biological agents for effective correction of the intestinal dysbacteriosis taking onto account body individual sensitivity.

Expression and implication of toll-like receptors TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 in colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) family may play important roles in inflammatory bowel disease. This study examined the expression of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 in the colonic tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and explored their roles in the pathogenesis of UC. Colonic biopsies were taken from the colon of 30 patients with mild or moderate UC (at active phase) and 10 healthy controls during colonoscopy. TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 protein expression levels were immunohistochemically detected. The mRNA expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 were assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The disease activity index (DAI), colonoscopic and histologic grades and fecal microbial flora were determined. Histological examination showed that the intestinal mucous membrane of UC patients underwent acute inflammation changes. Immunohistochemistry exhibited that the expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 in colon epithelia and inflammatory cells were higher in UC patients than in control group (P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 were increased in UC patients but were not detected in the normal controls. Expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 were positively correlated, and bore close correlation with DAI, colonoscopic and histologic grades and fecal microbial flora. An important mechanism of UC might be that abnormal activation of mucosal immunity by intestinal dysbacteriosis caused dysregulation of TLRS that mediates innate immunity.

Molecular-genetic aspects of pathology - modern scientific area of Bukovinian State Medical University: the new research school formation

A new research area of molecular genetic studies of human pathology has been discovered by Bukovinian State Medical University ( BSMU ) since 2006, namely, arterial hypertension, acute coronary syndrome, intestinal dysbacteriosis, chronic sinusitis, congenital and acquired deafness and sensory deafness in children, open-angle glaucoma, chronic periodontitis, bronchitis, acute and exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, obesity, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fattyliver disease, cirrhosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease without/with type 2 diabetes mellitus, miscarriage, teen menorrhagia with thyroid gland's problem etc. In less than a decade in this area two doctoral and six PhD’s theses have been defended. MD, Professor Larysa Sydorchuk became a pioneer and a founder of the new perspective scientific school of molecular genetic studies at BSMU.

Intestinal dysbacteriosis contributes to decreased intestinal mucosal barrier function and increased bacterial translocation

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of colistin-induced intestinal dysbacteriosis on intestinal mucosal barrier function and bacterial translocation in a mouse model. Colistin or saline was administered orally for 7 days, and populations of viable organisms from the caecal mucosa and its content, the ileal segments, the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and the internal organs were prepared for examination. In the intestinal dysbacteriosis model, intestinal barrier dysfunction was observed and associated with increased bacterial translocation to extraintestinal sites. The extent of bacterial translocation to the MLNs and internal organs in the colistin group was significantly higher than in the saline group. Colistin-induced intestinal dysbacteriosis was shown to injure the intestinal mucosa barrier function and increase bacterial dislocation. Colistin has been reported to be effective in selective digestive decontamination (SDD), which is an infection prevention measure used in the treatment of certain patients in intensive care. We are the first to report that colistin-induced intestinal dysbacteriosis can injure intestinal mucosal barrier function and increase bacterial translocation, whereas a high dose of colistin does not damage the intestinal mucosal barrier in germ-free (GF) mice raised in a GF environment. These results may indicate that prolonged use of a high dose of a SDD medication should be carefully considered.

INTESTINAL DYSBACTERIOSIS AND ENZYME SECRETORY FUNCTION IN INFANTS AFTER USE OF ANTIBIOTICS AND METHODS OF CORRECTION

Microbiocenosis of the intestine and activity of hydrolytic enzymes in saliva and feces of infants treated with antibiotics have been studied. It has been established that 100 % of the examined children had intestinal dysbacteriosis of different degrees. After a course of treatment with traditional dry probiotics and liquid synbiotics with pectin, positive dynamics in restoration of the disturbed microflora was observed. It has been shown that during an analysis of dysbacteriosis correction effectiveness, it is desirable to carry out enzymological assessment of feces, which presents dynamics of restoration of functional activity of the intestinal normal flora.

Effects of ceftriaxone‐induced intestinal dysbacteriosis on dendritic cells of small intestine in mice

Intestinal microflora plays a pivotal role in the development of the innate immune system and is essential in shaping adaptive immunity. Dysbacteriosis of intestinal microflora induces altered immune responses and results in disease susceptibility. Dendritic cells (DCs), the professional antigen-presenting cells, have gained increasing attention because they connect innate and adaptive immunity. They generate both immunity in response to stimulation by pathogenic bacteria and immune tolerance in the presence of commensal bacteria. However, few studies have examined the effects of intestinal dysbacteriosis on DCs. In this study, changes of DCs in the small intestine of mice under the condition of dysbacteriosis induced by ceftriaxone sodium were investigated. It was found that intragastric administration of ceftriaxone sodium caused severe dysteriosis in mice. Compared with controls, numbers of DCs in mice with dysbacteriosis increased significantly (P = 0.0001). However, the maturity and antigen-presenting ability of DCs were greatly reduced. In addition, there was a significant difference in secretion of IL-10 and IL-12 between DCs from mice with dysbacteriosis and controls. To conclude, ceftriaxone-induced intestinal dysbacteriosis strongly affected the numbers and functions of DCs. The present data suggest that intestinal microflora plays an important role in inducing and maintaining the functions of DCs and thus is essential for the connection between innate and adaptive immune responses.