Intertextual Context Research Articles

VARIASI KELUASAN MAKNA PENGALAMAN DALAM PENERJEMAHAN NOVEL RONGGENG DUKUH PARUK KE DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

There is no “real equivalence” in translation; it is always relative, finding the best among the defect possibilities. This study was aimed to discover the the types of variations of the experiential meaning breadth (EMB) in a novel, 'Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk' in Indonesian and English, to find out the EMB variation level.This is a descriptive qualitative endevour, applying a content analysis method, focusing on the experiential meaning, particularly on its breadth dimension. The data sources are two language versions of the novel, Indonesian (Ind) and English (En). The data are clause units of transitivity. The results of this study indicate that the most dominant EMB variation is 0 variation. The intertextual bond is proved to be strong in leading the translators to create the meaning of the clauses. In general the variation level of EMB is very low, 9.16. This indicates that the intertextual context plays a very dominant role to lead the decision of the translator in realizing the meaning. The variations in the EMB in general do not affect the completeness of the meaning.

Language Socialization of Written Academic Discourse

This paper will look at the studies conducted to see how written academic discourse is socialized. Written academic discourse socialization is a dynamic process, mostly socially situated and comtemporarily involves multimodal, multilingual, and intertextual context. This paper will see what influences the process of language socialization within this context, focusing on how the novice learners learn to participate themselves into the academic written discourse. In different setting of culture, there are various values that learners bring into educational context. The same thing also happens in the socialization of written discourse. Learners bring their previous experiences, shaped identity, and other values that might be different, or even in contrast with what is being socialized. In this way, it is interesting to see how learners cope with such things and take the step to participate in the academic world. Equally important, it is necessary to examine the impact of language socialization forms, either in the form of feed back, remodelling, or criticism on the learners resistance or conformity

예브게니야 긴즈부르크의『고난의 여정』과 코르네이 추코프스키의『큰 벌레바퀴』의 간텍스트성 연구

Intertextuality between Ginzburg’s Krutoj marshrut and Chukovsky’s Cockroach becomes naturally evident by Ginzburg’s direct citing Chukovsky’s text. Ginzburg reads Chukovsky’s text in a meeting with friends at her home. Both texts acquire new meanings thanks to the aesthetic functions of intertextuality, whereas each texts as separate ones could not have the same significances. According to the general evaluation the cockroach with mustache in Chukovsky’s text cannot be a caricature of Stalin, for Stalin was not a politically prominent figure at the time when this text was written. But the cockroach with mustache is nothing but the Stalin’s double within the context of intertextuality between the two texts. The fact that animals are eating each others under the presure of fear created by the cockroach with mustache in Chukovsky’s text is overlapping in Ginzburg’s text as multilineal betrayals among Soviet citizens disclosing not committed crimes. The cockroach’s intention to eat other animals’ children for suffer is a direct allegory to the children’s death of hunger and cold in Kolyma, including Ginzburg’s elder son Alesha. Ordinary animals’ curse of the cockroach is an echo of Soviet citizens’ abhorrence to Stalin which is possible owing to the aesthetic functions of intertextuality.

Political discourse as practical reasoning: A case study of a British Prime Minister candidate speech

The paper outlines the method of political discourse analysis proposed by I. Fairclough & N. Fairclough (2012), who point to argumentative and deliberative nature of political discourse as practical reasoning that aims to decide a problem-solving action in a given situation. The novelty of this approach is explained through references to its established alternatives as focused on representation and power relations. The above mentioned method is applied to the British PM campaign candidacy speech by Andrea Leadsom to test how it works in the case of this type of political discourse which is different from the one originally examined. On this occasion, the meaning of the term ‘discourse’ is illustrated through the practical necessity of involving in the analyses the extra-linguistic and intertextual context.

Aloysius Bertrand’s ‘Gaspard de la nuit’: Beyond the Prose Poem. By Valentina Gosetti.

This elegant and beautifully written monograph seeks to offer new insights into Gaspard de la nuit, by returning to the literary and cultural context in which it was written, and approaching it on its own terms. Valentina Gosetti states in her Introduction that ‘the task of literary scholarship can sometimes be that of freeing an author from his/her canonical critical consideration by recovering the original context of the author’s creation. In doing so we may open up new interpretative possibilities’ (p. 1). The canonical critical consideration to which Aloysius Bertrand has been subjected has not served him or his works well, and Gosetti’s painstaking research enables us to glimpse quite how much we have been missing. Rather than seeing Gaspard de la nuit in terms of its importance to the birth and development of the prose poem — which has meant, of course, that Bertrand has been doomed to be considered almost exclusively in terms of his significance to Baudelaire — Gosetti demands that we think about Bertrand’s importance to regional French literature, that we explore the importance of the fantastic to his work, and that we re-evaluate the intertextual context in which Bertrand himself was operating. Gosetti turns first of all to considerations of Bertrand as a regional poet in her efforts to gain a clearer understanding of the aesthetics underpinning his work. Chapter 1, ‘Louis Bertrand between Dijon and Paris’, probes the different versions of Romanticism circulating in Paris and in the provinces, warns against the too easy dismissal of writers who were not established in the capital, and reminds us of the pivotal role that Dijon plays in the different sections of Gaspard de la nuit, where it functions almost as a character in its own right. Gosetti probes the importance of Dijon still further in Chapter 2, ‘Mysterious Geographies’, where she argues that the first preface of the poem indicates a ‘mysterious récit de voyage’ (p. 34). This imaginative approach to interpreting the poem yields a wealth of original and persuasive insights about the ways in which his love for Dijon permeates Bertrand’s verse. A further fascinating and well-explored dimension is a study of Bertrand’s understanding of Flemishness. This is a chapter that highlights in particular the rewards of Gosetti’s sensitive and meticulous close reading. A chapter on the importance of the fantastic to Bertrand follows: a lucid exposition of the importance of the terms ‘fantastique’, ‘fantasque’, and ‘fantaisie’ in nineteenth-century France enables Gosetti to follow a number of intertextual paths that have been insufficiently explored to date, and this leads neatly into a rich and persuasive analysis of ‘Intertextuality and Cultural Exchange’ in the following chapter. The last chapter, on the hermeneutics of form, offers further insights into the lack of critical attention that has dogged Bertrand from the start, since he was the victim of early reviewers who failed to recognize his innovative approach. A succinct Conclusion closes with the observation that ‘Gaspard de la Nuit is a deeply fascinating work that is surely deserving of a much wider readership’ (p.147). Gosetti’s book richly deserves to achieve its aim of encouraging readers to pick up Bertrand, but it also offers an enormously rewarding read for anyone interested more generally in prose poetry, provincial literature, and the role of the fantastic in nineteenth-century France.

The “Noble Savage”: Aristocracy, Slavery, Restoration Culture and Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko, or The Royal Slave

Evoking as historical and intertextual context the Restoration of English monarchy and the attendant political and cultural projects, chiefly royalist, legitimizing and advocating the stability of power in the period, the paper discusses Aphra Behn’s novel Oroonoko, or The Royal Slave by looking at its literary representation of the African prince as a “noble savage” – a trope that may be found also in John Dryden’s and Jonathan Swift’s work. The paper pays due attention to the politics of Behn’s novel in terms of its ambiguous treatment of race, slavery and colonialism, and evokes the concepts of “iterability” and “Third Space” in order to engage in a deconstructive reading of the novel’s royalist project of cultural investment in such notions as nobility, hierarchy and order.

INTERTEXTUALITY IN THE DEATH OF A PILOT: THE KUBERNETES ARISTOS IN LUCIAN’S VERAE HISTORIAE.

In Lucian’s Verae Historiae , Lucian ensures the success of his voyage by providing the very best supplies and equipment for his men. As part of his preparation he hires on the best pilot that money could buy, this pilot is only heard from at one other point in the narrative, at his death in the belly of the sea monster. This paper examines the intertextual context of the pilot’s death and how Lucian uses it to further the juxtaposition of himself with that greatest of liars, Odysseus.

Change of Place, Space Perception and Topographic Discourse

Abstract The paper examines the view and representation of space in Terézia Mora’s prose, primarily based on her novel entitled The Only Man on the Continent (Der einzige Mann auf dem Kontinent). In the universe of the novel the perception of space basically determines the individual’s space of action and highly influences his self-image as well as his attitude toward alterity. The city not only functions as space, but also forms a multicultural medium which becomes itself the subject of reflection and metanarration. In the novel the anthropological places and non-places, in Augé’s sense, change their function and thus the borders of referential, mental and virtual worlds are blurred, the notion of space itself is revaluated. The protagonist is the Ulysses of our days; his journeys and adventures mainly take place in his imagination. In the virtual world he loses his sense of reality, which can also be perceived in the narrative procedures of the text: the novel is in fact the protagonist’s quest for identity, his endless monologue, which is interrupted by the omniscient narrator’s comments from time to time. In the meantime the evident intertextual context also gets shape: the text maintains an ironical intertextual connection with James Joyce’s Ulysses.

Booker T. and W. E. B.: A Mini-Sequence About the ‘American Dilemma’ for the Advanced EFL-Classroom

Abstract Booker T. Washington’s controversial Atlanta Exposition Address (1895) and W.E.B. Du Bois’s scathing critique of it in The Souls of Black Folk (1903) represent two basic strategies in the fight for Black equality, which Dudley Randall later summarized and ironically contrasted in his ballad “Booker T. and W.E.B.” (1969). These three short and linguistically accessible texts form a promising mini-sequence for the advanced EFL-classroom, which cannot only acquaint the learners with major documents of African-American history, but will also make them realize that every individual text is embedded in an intertextual context.

Eating words: a discourse historical analysis of the public debate over India’s 2013 National Food Security Act

Purpose– This paper aims to provide a situated critical discourse analysis of the public debate around India’s 2013 National Food Security Act (NFSA), describing its rhetorical characteristics and the context within which it has taken place.Design/methodology/approach– Using Wodak’s (2001) Discourse Historical Approach (DHA), the authors examine media coverage of the NFSA, attending to perspectivization, intensification and mitigation and representational and argumentational strategies. The authors also consider this coverage in light of its intratextual, intertextual, situational and wider socio-political and economic contexts. The corpus consists of 29 English-language Indian newspaper and magazine articles, published in print and online between 2011 and 2014.Findings– This paper explains the rhetorical purchase of the term “food security” in contemporary Indian public policy debates by comparing the leftist, right wing and centrist arguments.Research limitations/implications– Owing to the detailed qualitative analysis presented here, the corpus is necessarily limited in size. Newspaper articles contributed by one of the authors were omitted from the study.Originality/value– The DHA claims to be an interdisciplinary framework, but relatively few studies involve true cross-disciplinary research. By contrast, this study relies on close collaboration by scholars active in economics and applied linguistics – thus, demonstrating both the potential for, and the value of, working coherently across academic disciplines. Also, unlike most DHA studies, which interrogate dominant discourses, this paper compares diverse discourses competing for influence.

Judging or Ruling the Twelve Tribes of Israel? The Sense of Κρίνω in Matthew 19.28

Commentators are divided about whether κρίνω in Matt 19.28 means “to judge” or “to rule.” This study seeks to discern its specific sense in this verse by exploring the semantic domains of the syntagmatic contexts in which κρίνω is used in the LXX, Philo, Josephus, and the New Testament (besides Matt 19.28; Luke 22.30) and by considering the intertextual and literary contexts of Matt 19.28. The study concludes that the sense of κρίνω in Matt 19.28 is “to judge” rather than “to rule.”

The Lily and the Thistle: The French Tradition and the Older Literature of Scotland

It is generally accepted that France impacted less on early Scottish literature than on its English equivalent: if nobles and clergy brought French loan words into the Scots lexicon, there was nothing comparable to the flourishing of ‘Anglo-Norman’ writing. However, William Calin endeavours to show how, in the medieval and Renaissance literature of Scotland, the French tradition offered a wide range of genres and styles, which Scots authors made their own. Breaking with the age-old focus on Anglo-Scottish exchanges, he situates Scottish books in a larger intertextual context, international and European. Beginning with The Kingis Quair, attributed to James I, Calin then shows various French influences on the Makars Douglas, Dunbar, and Henryson. A new approach is offered on intertextual relations between Pierre Gringore's Le Prince des Sotz and David Lyndsay's classic Thrie Estaitis. Some of the most interesting pages are devoted to Mary Queen of Scots and her son James VI/I. Mary was, ‘if not a great poet, a very good one’ (p. 234): her amatory and devotional verse — whose authenticity Calin vigorously defends — bears the influence of Ronsard and other Renaissance giants. James VI inherited her Francophilia but certainly not her Catholicism: his own verse is shown to be strongly coloured by that of the Huguenot Du Bartas, whom he translated. Calin ends by continuing the recent ‘rehabilitation’ of William Drummond of Hawthornden. A hopelessly out of date Petrarchan who wrote exclusively in English, Drummond had no place in the ‘Scots Renaissance’ Pleiade created by Hugh MacDiarmid and other nationalist intellectuals. Yet Calin argues that the baroque mentality of Drummond's longer texts shows an unmistakeable French imprint. The question of what remains uniquely ‘Scottish’ in this intertextual web persists. If Calin thankfully rejects the Romantic idea that Scottish literature is ‘close to the Volk’ (p. 299), he does find something specifically Scottish in the flyting and the eldritch: a taste for scatology, verbal abuse, and brawling seems to mark the Scots out from their Sassenach and continental cousins. Calin also claims — this time without any proof — that Scots, compared with the French or the English, discuss the situation of culture in greater depth and with greater passion. Scottish literature, he concludes, is ‘multilingual and multicultural, expansive and ever expanding’ (p. 301). But could this description not be applied to all literatures? And why should literature be approached exclusively through the prism of nationality? After all, as this punchy and well-researched book shows, ‘Scottish’ authors of the period had very much as their references Antiquity and the fierce loves and hatreds of religious warfare.

On the Articulatory Pattern of Discursive Hegemony

This paper brings forth the articulatory pattern of discursive hegemony, which signifies the organization of hegemonic discourse or the way of how discursive hegemony is symbolically articulated in discourse, from the perspective of textual function and the intertextual context theory (intertextuality). This article briefly analyzes the text of British Prime Minister Tony Blair’s address at a Labor Party conference mainly from the perspective of regarding discourse as articulation.

A Study of the Employment of Denial During a Complex and Unstable Crisis Involving Multiple Actors

The authors review the use of denial through a complex and unstable crisis: the Deepwater Horizon tragedy in the Gulf of Mexico. Denial is typically viewed as a binary response—”we did not do this”—with a binary intended outcome—”and therefore we are not to blame.” The authors argue that this interpretation is overly simplistic. They found that Transocean and Halliburton executed a strategy consisting of distancing and (counter)attack to shift blame, whereas BP pursued a strategy dominated by compassion and ingratiation intermixed with carefully used denial to share blame. This form of blame sharing is a hybrid of denial and acceptance. BP accepted responsibility but argued that others were responsible too. The authors’ analysis also shows that deny response options were restricted or relaxed dependent on situational and intertextual context. They find that the tone of the involved parties’ releases became significantly more aggressive as the situation developed toward its legal conclusion and as they responded to one another’s progressively more hostile releases.

Book Review— Looking Like the Enemy: My Story of Imprisonment in Japanese American Internment Camps. By Mary Matsuda Gruenewald. NewSage Press, 2005. xi-227 pp.

A review of Looking Like the Enemy: My Story of Imprisonment in Japanese American Internment Camps by Mary Matsuda Gruenewald. The review briefly places the book in historical and intertextual context, and makes the case that Gruenewald’s special contribution is in its depiction of the psychological experience of the internment in an effective way.

Gdy Rylski spotyka się z Nabokovem… („Dziewczynka z hotelu <<Excelsior>> i fenomen nimfetki)

Eustachy Rylski’s story – A Little Girl from the Hotel ‘Excelsior’ – can be read as an example of psychological prose with a distinctive existential outline – as a literary study of alienation, aging and gradual loss of connections with life. There is a temptation to see in it a work that, in a discreet way, refers to the outstanding achievements of Polish prose (such as Iwaszkiewicz’s Tatarak) and world prose (such as Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita, Thomas Mann’s Death in Venice, Truman Capote’s Miriam and even some works of Edgar Allan Poe). The specific artistic character of Rylski’s work is based on the processing of various ideas linked with the illusion of the femme fatale (including the Young Poland idea of the women-animal), nymphet figures and the ‘odd child’ and introduce them into the caricatured scenery of the Polish People’s Republic. In this broad intertextual context, one can see in Inte – this ‘beautiful temptress’ but also an ordinary ‘little whore’ – something more than a literary manifestation of misogyny, a contemporary crisis of masculinity or a battle of the sexes...

Book Review: Playing Doctor: Television, Storytelling, and Medical Power by Joseph Turow

Playing Doctor: Television, Storytelling, and Medical Power. Joseph Turow. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2010. 451 pp. $37.50 pbk.The heroic has long been a staple part of U.S. popular culture, with memorable characters like Dr. Kildare, Hawkeye Pierce, and Gregory House, among others. In this and expanded 2010 update of the 1989 book of the same title, Joseph Turow of the University of Pennsylvania thoroughly examines seventy years of television's representations of the medical profession, heavily influenced by institutional and intertextual contexts. Turow weaves together a rich history of these portrayals, using interviews with television producers, writers, and others involved with production, popular press articles, and detailed examples from medical dramas and other genres that portray doctors. His comprehensive book is valuable, not just for fans or television scholars studying medical dramas, but for anyone interested in the use of entertainment media as a prosocial tool, and in the relationship between media and institutions.Playing Doctor begins with an updated introduction, in which Turow provides a detailed explanation of the television production process, emphasizing that an array of external factors, including the medical institutions in America, health care policies, and medical organizations, indirectly and directly influence the characters, story lines, and other elements of a doctor show, which work together to create a reality that is far from an accurate mirror of American health care. At the same time, the stories told by these programs mark moments in cultural history that change and evolve-for example, the eternally optimistic 1960s Marcus Welby, M.D. differed greatly from the much darker St. Elsewhere, although both share some generic components.Turow explains the rise of the heroic as a figure in popular culture by outlining the shiftin medicine from a trade in the late 1800s to an esteemed profession. He then begins his impressive history of representations of medicine, starting not with the first television doctors of the 1950s, but with Dr. Kildare and other film characters of the 1930s and 1940s, demonstrating how these depictions originated the formulas replicated over the next seventy years. The chapters that follow move chronologically through each decade, addressing even failed (and therefore extremely obscure) fictional medical programs, as Turow takes us through the medical archetypes established in early dramas, controversies about bringing humor into the operating room in M*A*S*H, the new cynicism of St. Elsewhere, and other themes that emerged as this genre evolved. Throughout, Turow skillfully situates all of the fictionalized stories to the people, organizations, and formulaic constraints that helped create them.This updated 2010 version includes two additional chapters on contemporary entertainment medical programming, beginning in the 1990s with the failed Clinton health care plan. He discusses the influence of ER and, to a lesser extent, Chicago Hope on transforming the medical drama genre. …

The Posthumanity of “the Son of Man”: Heroes as Postmodern Apocalypse

Abstract: As a serial narrative, the TV series Heroes cannot end and yet its story is impossible without the continual threat of an end of the world. However, this inability to end also connects these narratives with biblical narratives of the end, which are always “apocalypse without apocalypse” (Derrida). Even in its ancient forms, this revelation that does not reveal is a postmodern phenomenon, as that which “puts forward the unpresentable in presentation itself” (Lyotard). Although the show rarely cites the Bible, in juxtaposition to the biblical texts' “son of man” language, Heroes opens up an intertextual context through which the “sons of man” of Daniel 7 and elsewhere in the Bible acquire meaning as posthuman beings, even as the mysterious forces producing the TV show's varied characters are interrogated.

Theorizing the image for Security Studies

This article provides a framework for the study of visual securitization, that is, when images constitute something or someone as threatened and in need of immediate defense or when securitizing actors argue that images ‘speak security’. To study security politics is to focus on the public constitution of threats and dangers; to study visual securitization, therefore, requires an analysis not just of the image as a free-standing entity, but of the ways it is constituted through spoken and written discourse. To analyze the process of visual securitization, this article advances an inter-visual/intertextual model consisting of four components: the visual itself, its immediate intertextual context, the wider policy discourse, and the constitutions of the image. Three additional sets of theoretical arguments deepen this model by pointing to the specificity of the image as comprised through immediacy, circulability, and ambiguity, the strategies of depiction that images employ, and the genres through which images are brought to the audience. The applicability of the theoretical framework is illustrated through a case study of one of the most conspicuous cases of visual securitization: the Muhammad Cartoon Crisis.

Parateksty polskich przekładów z literatury włoskiej w czasach stalinowskich

The aim of the article is to present the strategy of political manipulation in the paratexts which contain the translations of Italian literature in Poland of Stalinist era. To demonstrate different editorial procedures, the analysis takes into consideration two most significant examples: three editions of the novel by Renata Viganò entitled Agnese va a morire (the first two from 1951, the third from 1955) and the publication of a fragment of the novel by Elio Vittorini entitled Sempione strizza l’occhio al Frejus in “Przekrój” magazine in 1953. The selection of these examples shows a specific modal frame into which the translations of Italian Literature were forced. Due to that procedure, the Italian novel could be read in connection with other propaganda texts which constitute the intertextual context, determine the interpretation key and intensify the propaganda message.