Interracial Relationships Research Articles

Raciality, intersubjectivity and transgression in the Brazilian system of socio-educational services: insights for social education

Social work and social pedagogy deal with a diverse and intricate set of social realities, while facing major issues such as racism and interracial relations. In this article, we look at studies of racism in Brazil and data from research into intersubjectivity conducted in the context of Brazilian socio-educational services. We also consider the ideas of Paulo Freire and bell hooks, notably bell hooks’s conception of transgression in an engaged pedagogy and Paulo Freire’s pedagogy of the oppressed and pedagogy of hope. We present and discuss a theoretical model for addressing ethnic-racial issues and racism in educational settings, involving processes of peripherisation, exclusion, invisibilisation and elimination. We aim to offer insights into social education and social work, departing from the articulation of studies of raciality, intersubjectivity, transgression and education as a practice of freedom. These insights can inform social pedagogy and the development of effective public policies and offer a broader perspective on the role of education and social work in promoting social justice and anti-racism in diverse educational settings, such as youth justice.

Dear Mixed People: Critically Examining Monoracism in College-Related TV Series

Multiracial youth are one of the fastest-growing demographics in the United States. What messages might these multiracial young people be receiving about multiraciality in college-related television series? Applying Critical Race Media Literacy and Critical Multiracial Theory (MultiCrit), this study examines representations of multiracial students in Charmed, Dear White People, Ginny & Georgia, Grown-ish, and Black-ish. We find that multiracial college student characters are routinely confronted with “box-checking” on demographic forms and wrestle with the limitations of racial categories to capture complexity and the potential resources/benefits associated with selecting specific boxes. Further, multiracial college student characters question their belonging within monoracial student organizations and interracial relationships. Implications for practice and pedagogy are outlined to better leverage television depictions of multiracial college students toward disrupting rather than reinforcing monoracism in higher education contexts.

Proses Komunikasi Antara Budaya Dalam Pernikahan Adat Di Kelurahan Kota Medan Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan

The aims of this study to determine the Intercultural Communication Process in Traditional Marriage in Kota Medan Urban Village, South Bengkulu Regency. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive research. The informants in this study amounted to 7 people consisting of 3 key informants and 4 main informants. The theory used in this study was the Theory of Intercultural Communication Process Aloliliweri, 2011:44. The results of the study show that: 1. Openness of Intercultural Marriage in marriage, the way of communicating uses or uses Indonesian, but occasionally there is the use of Javanese or pesemah language in the marriage so that everyone understands and understands more quickly in the implementation of the marriage. 2. Empathy There was mutual assessment of the couple and criticism of the decisions made by the couple in deciding something for the better in the future in the household. Each couple has a commitment in marriage, especially the problem of residence, some follow their husbands and some still live in their in-laws' house because of other circumstances and considerations. 3. Positive Attitude (positiveness) in a family, praise was reduced to please their partner in terms of dress or appearance even though it was important to add harmony to the family, it was one form of pleasant attention to their partner. 4. Supportive Attitude (supportiveness) there was mutual communication between husband and wife before taking action that must be done to avoid negative traits in acting, what is important is openness in any aspect of marriage. 5. Equality There is a change in attitude after marriage, more assertive, protective and caring for the family, both from the husband and the wife, there was no difference in attention that is differentiated from one another

Cultural Consciousness and Gender Identity in Moses Ascending and Moses Migrating

Samuel Selvon’s literature lays emphasis on the development of a consciousness that moulds the entire issue of identity into a new shape. His literature comprises the story of West Indian immigrants in London and through his central characters, one can learn about Caribbeans’ realities in England. The arrival of commonwealth subjects in England after World War II was considered, by the protagonists as well as other characters in Selvon’s novel, as a possibility to form positive inter-racial relations to cope with the problems of decolonization, yet it signals the progressive failure of such possibility. His protagonists are subjected to cultural consciousness, existential struggle, crime, gender issues, love and hate, betrayal and death that lurk behind the city’s glimmer. Samuel Selvon outlines how their experiences and action influence the formation process of their identity and defines their behavior. This research paper endeavors to explore the cultural consciousness shared by Selvon’s protagonists as well as the issue of gender identity experienced by them, also aims to analyze the experience of exile commonly shared by Selvon’s main characters.

Konflik dan Resolusi dalam Pembagian Harta Pasca Perceraian di Tanah Pusaka Minangkabau

This research describes a case study from Nagari Koto Tangah, Kecamatan Tilatang Kamang, where the clash between customary law and individual rights became the focal point in resolving shared assets following a divorce. The case involves an intercultural marriage—a husband of Javanese descent and a wife from Minangkabau. After years of marriage and building a house on the wife's ancestral land (Tanah Pusaka Tinggi), their marriage ended in divorce. Although the house was built together, the land, according to Minangkabau custom, could not be sold or transferred to an outsider, including the former husband. During mediation, the wife's family offered compensation to the former husband, but he found the compensation inadequate, leaving lingering dissatisfaction on his part. This study highlights the importance of understanding customary law and individual rights in intercultural marriages. Through a humanistic approach, the research illustrates how Minangkabau customary law protects Tanah Pusaka Tinggi as an integral part of the family's ancestral heritage while also revealing the limitations of legal frameworks in addressing the emotional dissatisfaction that often follows a divorce. By analyzing the perspectives of traditional leaders, religious scholars, and civil law experts, the study proposes a mediation solution that respects customary practices while addressing individual rights. In conclusion, while the conflict is formally considered resolved, the former husband's emotional dissatisfaction indicates that material compensation alone may not achieve full justice. This research recommends the use of prenuptial agreements and legal education on intercultural marriages to prevent similar conflicts in the future.

Almanya’da Büyüyen Türk Öğrencilerin Türkçe Konuşmada Yaptıkları Telaffuz Hatalarının İncelenmesi

In the context of the labor migration agreement, the children of the first generation who arrived in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1961 often faced academic failure due to their lack of proficiency in German. Aware of this, the second and third-generation families started speaking predominantly German at home to help their children learn the language better, pushing Turkish to the background. Since speaking is the most common means of communication in society, effective communication largely depends on clear and correct speech. However, due to the phonetic differences between German and Turkish, children often make pronunciation errors when speaking. The aim of this study is to identify the causes of Turkish pronunciation errors among Turkish-origin students raised in Germany and to propose solutions. This research utilizes a case study within a qualitative research framework. Data collection was conducted through observation and interviews, and the data were analyzed using content analysis. In this study, sound recordings from six classrooms in two primary schools 62 students in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany, were examined, and the causes of pronunciation errors, along with suggestions for correcting these errors, were provided. The findings reveal that although children are raised bilingually, they grow up in an environment where German is more dominant than Turkish. As a result, they tend to apply German language rules to Turkish when speaking, leading to pronunciation errors. Additionally, factors such as families speaking with dialects at home, the increase in intercultural marriages, similarities between some German and Turkish words, and differences in the letters of the two languages the number of pronunciation errors increases and contribute to these pronunciation errors. Keywords: Turkish-origin students, bilingualism, speech, pronunciation errors, stress

The Lived Experiences of Interracial Couples: Racialized Experiences, Reconciling Differences, and Engendered Strengths

This study explored the lived experiences of heterosexual, Racialized-White couples with regards to issues of race and culture as couples crossed socially constructed racial and cultural boundaries. A constructivist grounded theory methodology was implemented, revealing three core themes that summarized the lived experiences where couples’ diverse races, ethnicities and cultures intersected. They included racialized experiences and emotions, managing and reconciling differences and challenges, and engendered strengths and opportunities. These findings were contextualized through an intersectional lens and discourses of coloniality, white supremacy, heteropatriarchy, and endogamy.

Mixed Couples, Mixed Attitudes: How Interracial Couples in Marketing Appeals Influence Brand Outcomes

Abstract Interracial couples are increasingly featured in marketing messages, yet little is known about how their representation influences consumer behavior. Across six experiments (N = 4,956) and a field study on Facebook, interracial couples in marketing appeals enhance brand outcomes relative to monoracial dominant (i.e., White) couples, but decrease brand outcomes relative to monoracial nondominant (i.e., minority) couples. These effects stem from how the racial composition of dominant (vs. nondominant) members within a couple either amplifies or dilutes perceived warmth. Monoracial couples possess consistent stereotype attributes, with dominant (vs. nondominant) groups typically seen as lower in warmth. Thus, monoracial couple warmth is amplified: monoracial dominant couples are seen as less warm (i.e., negative amplification), and monoracial nondominant couples as warmer (i.e., positive amplification) than the individuals in the couple. Interracial couples possess inconsistent racial attributes, inducing stereotype dilution with intermediate levels of perceived warmth. Warmth drives brand outcomes above and beyond brand diversity, social desirability, and brand morality. Effects are moderated by consumers’ social dominance orientation and whether the monoracial dominant couple is nondominant along another dimension (i.e., sexual orientation). This work holds theoretical implications for stereotyping research and provides practical insight into multiracial marketing.

Housing Attainment of Interracial Couples in the United States

Housing Attainment of Interracial Couples in the United States

Romantic racism: How racial preferences (and beliefs about racial preferences) reinforce hierarchy in U.S. interracial relationships.

In the United States, the two most common interracial marriages are between Asian women and White men, and between Black men and White women. Previous research proposed that the reason for these pairings stems from White Americans' racial preferences, such that White men prefer Asian women over Black women (i.e., the group stereotyped as more feminine), whereas White women prefer Black men over Asian men (i.e., the group stereotyped as more masculine). Here, we argue that focusing solely on White Americans' preferences neglects the reality that Americans of color also have preferences (and beliefs about others' preferences) that contribute to the composition of U.S. interracial relationships. We used multiple methodologies (i.e., surveys and experimental manipulations) to examine Asian, Black, and White Americans beliefs about others' preferences. Across three studies (N = 3,728), we reveal that Asian, Black, and White Americans have beliefs about others' preferences (Study 1), that those beliefs mirror their own preferences (Study 2), and that those beliefs have causal implications for their own preferences (Study 3). Collectively, these findings reveal that such beliefs (and preferences) advantage White Americans, such that both Asian and Black Americans believe that they are more attractive to White Americans than to each other, which leads them to be more attracted to White Americans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Confronting the Deportation State: Black American Responses to Immigrant Expulsion in the Interwar Period

AbstractThis article explores responses in the Black press to the rapidly expanding U.S. deportation regime during the interwar period. While their perspectives have been largely absent from scholarship on deportation, Black journalists, editorialists, and commentators have historically been highly engaged with the issue. Black periodicals provided extensive coverage of the expulsion of Black immigrants, as well as of non-Black immigrants who violated the racial structures of American society (either through antiracist political advocacy or through interracial relationships). In doing so, the Black press insisted that deportation was a Black issue, and that antiblackness was central to the functioning of the early-twentieth-century immigration control system. By surveying roughly 1,100 articles on deportation in the Black press, I highlight how Black writers construed deportation as a powerful tool of white supremacy and a threat to Black immigrants and African Americans alike.

UNVEILING IDEOLOGICAL CONFLICT IN INTERCULTURAL MATRIMONY: EXPLORING CLASHING CONVICTIONS IN MARIO PUZO’S “THE GODFATHER”

This study explores the ideological conflict within intercultural marriages as portrayed in Mario Puzo’s renowned novel, “The Godfather”. Utilizing a qualitative approach and Althusser’s theory of Ideological State Apparatuses (ISAs), the researchers delve into Puzo’s intricately woven narrative, highlighting the inherent tension arising from the collision of different values, traditions, and beliefs. The main focus is on the discord experienced by characters from diverse cultural backgrounds. In line with the ideological framework, this study found that a dominant ideology often subjugates other beliefs. Through comprehensive analysis, the researchers discovered that these conflicting beliefs significantly shape the characters’ societal perspectives. This research provides valuable insights into intercultural marriages, emphasizing the universal challenges presented in the novel that stem from negotiating differing beliefs within family and society.

The Emerging of a Nouvelle Culture and Gender Equality among Javanese Women who Married to French Locals Related to Javanese Values Masak

The phenomenon of intercultural marriages reflects modern trends in promoting gender equality. In Indonesia, there has been a noticeable uptick in mixed marriages, notably among Javanese women marrying French nationals and relocating to France. Traditionally, Javanese culture confined women within the realms of Masak (cooking) values, adhering to patriarchal system.

The Model Family: The Effect of Multiracial Families in Advertising on Emerging Adult Consumers’ Attitudes and Intentions

ABSTRACT This experimental study tested the effect of advertisements featuring a multiracial family on emerging adult consumers’ responses. Participants (N = 225) had more favorable attitudes toward multiracial family ads (versus same-race, White family ads), and a serial mediation model revealed an indirect effect of model family racial composition on purchase intention via the mediators of attitudes toward the ad and toward the brand. Surprisingly, neither personal nor parental attitudes toward interracial relationships and multiracial families moderated the advertisements’ effects on outcomes. Theoretical implications of findings and practical insights for advertisers are presented.

Analysis of Youtube Content of Mixed-Marriage Women Living Overseas from The Perspective of Anxiety/Uncertainty Management

The advancement of technology has reduced distance and time constraints, leading to the intercultural marriages experienced by Indonesian women. This research aims to analyze the socio-cultural adjustment of mixed-marriage women from the Anxiety Uncertainty Management (AUM) perspective. Referring to AUM theory, the presence of uncertainty and anxiety serves a significant role in maintaining the focus of mixed-marriage women residing in foreign countries, particularly during cross-cultural interactions. This research utilizes a qualitative content analysis method with the assistance of NVivo 14 Plus to code the distribution of adjustment factors within the YouTube content. The selection of research samples was based on the diversity of husbands' origins, current country of residence, length of marriage, and the depth of women's engagement in sharing personal stories in their content, resulting in the selection of six account owners. The categorization of adjustment factors that emerged in the YouTube video content includes stages of uncertainty management, anxiety management, self-awareness, and effective communication. The results of this research indicate that all women go through the four stages of the AUM model in diverse forms. An additional finding in this study is that support systems play a significant role in assisting women to navigate during the adjustment phases.

Social acceptance and adjustment of spouses in multicultural families to reduce violent behavioral conflicts in the Mueang district, Yala province

Currently, there is an increasing number of intercultural marriages in Thailand. Many Thai citizens, especially in various regions, tend to marry foreigners. In the southern region, particularly in the three southern border provinces, intercultural marriages mostly occur between Thai Muslim women and Thai Buddhist men. In these cases, the men usually convert to their wives' religion, Islam, which can lead to significant differences in beliefs and practices between the spouses. These differences often result in conflicts within the family and ultimately contribute to domestic violence issues. This situation has serious repercussions for both adults and children involved. This qualitative research examined the acceptance and adjustment of spouses in multicultural families to reduce violent behavioral conflicts in Muang District, Yala Province, Thailand. This study was the first research conducted in the region. To this end, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and both participant and non-participant observations. Interview questions and group discussion topics were determined according to research objectives. Further, study samples were collected from multicultural Buddhist-Islamic families using the purposive sampling method. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze data. Results revealed that individuals' intolerance of each other's beliefs and attitudes was the major cause of violence in multicultural families. The values, beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of married couples are shaped by their primary and secondary socialization based on their cultural foundations. Therefore, spouses in multicultural families accept and adjust themselves holistically to reduce violent behavioral conflicts in their family life. Their acceptance includes: (1) physical acceptance and adjustment; (2) mental acceptance and adjustment; (3) social acceptance and adjustment; and (4) spiritual acceptance and adjustment. The findings have implications for intercultural marriages.

Coloring History

Since its release, the Netflix show, Bridgerton, has been a hit series among its mass audiences as it harnesses an average of 103,550,000 views per season and currently holds fourth place in Netflix’s most popular English-language series (Tudum, 2024). The show has gained immense popularity not only because of its captivating plotlines but also because of the diverse cast of characters placed within the Regency Era. From this, it is critical to dissect and understand how race is represented within the show to discern the discourses being perpetuated to its viewers. Throughout this essay, I will employ Stuart Hall’s theory of representation and the politics of signification to unpack the racial representation within the Netflix show, Bridgerton, and how it reproduces colour-blind casting, interracial relationships, and dark versus light symbolism to perpetuate post-racial and Orientalist discourses. This analysis explores how colour-blind casting sustains post-racial discourses in the disguise of escapist media, which strips the Other of their lived experience. Moreover, it highlights how the depiction of interracial relationships within the show contributes to both post-racial and Orientalist discourses by placing the Occident over the Orient, and disregarding the prejudice often faced by interracial couples during that period. It further reveals how dark versus light symbolism is embedded throughout the interactions between multiple characters, which elicits the disruption of the white imaginary by Black individuals. As the show progresses and continues to release seasons that reach such large audiences, it is crucial to analyze what discourses surrounding race are being perpetuated and its potential impact on reinforcing stereotypes and misrepresenting marginalized communities.

Flirting with the fascination and fear of black boys: racial phobias and policing interracial dating in a private catholic high school

Black men and boys have been constructed as libidinous threats to white womanhood and white racial purity since the sixteenth century. In the wake of the landmark Brown decision, white citizens fused the Black male rapist trope with segregation theology to create private segregation academies to minimize Black-white contact. These schools remain more segregated than traditional public schools. The participants in this study were recruited to a private Catholic high school where the entire Black population was made up of Black boys who played a sport and whose interracial relationships with white girls triggered resistance. Drawing from qualitative data, the purpose of this paper is to highlight five Black boys’ experiences with phallic-based Negrophobia in a predominantly white and private Catholic high school. Findings reveal that participants realized they were transgressing institutional boundaries to preserve a racial order, and their transgressions were constantly policed and monitored.

Implementation of Multicultural Education As Revitalization of National Awareness for Sociology Education Students

Despite the optimism of many scholars, activists, and educators for a fully multicultural world, the aims of people of colour and multiculturalists are still hindered by social problems such as racism, inequality, injustice, and poverty. This research aims to explore multicultural education in a nation that is becoming more aware, specifically focusing on students studying sociology education. The study method adopts a qualitative phenomenological approach that focuses on comprehending the significance of different experiences and human interactions. It is crucial to cultivate an understanding of students' sociology education in order to promote awareness of intercultural marriages in both academic and non-academic settings. Resistance to implementing intercultural education is present both within the organisation and from external sources. Multiculturalism aids students in understanding and valuing the various aspects of culture, language, ethnicity, religion, and race that contribute to the Indonesian nation, which is essential for the formation of national identity. Multicultural education theorists and policymakers in universities should challenge assumptions about ethnic and cultural dominance and promote the inclusion of the Indonesian language in multicultural education.

“My mother did not have civil rights under the law”: Family derived race categories in negotiating positions on Critical Race Theory

AbstractHow do persons negotiate the relevance of historic racial injustice for contemporary concerns? In this paper, I show that persons could develop and use racial categorizations in association with family relations to make salient (or not) the relevance of past racial injustice for contemporary concerns. I examined how people construct and orient to racial group membership as implying historical oppression, and its relevance for contemporary interracial relations in the form of supporting or opposing Critical Race Theory (CRT) teaching in the United States public school system. I examined debates and discussions on CRT televised in the American news media using discursive psychological approaches. Findings show that race categories were developed and used in relation to one's ancestors: parents, aunts and uncles, and distant generations. This was done to raise the salience of past racial injustice, which otherwise would involve offering historic or other social structural arguments. The use of family derived race categories at once personalized and enhanced the credibility of the speaker, and countered possible implications for taking responsibility for past actions. These family‐derived race categories were then a resource speakers could use to negotiate their position on CRT. These findings are discussed in relation to the relevance of time for negotiating racism. Further arguments are developed in relation to how an ethnomethodological approach can illuminate critical arguments on race and racism.