Interpretive Qualitative Research Research Articles

“The Eyes and Ears on Our Frontlines”: Policing without Police to Counter Violent Extremism

As the US public has grown more concerned about domestic terrorist attacks and the abrogation of civil liberties in the pursuit of national security, law enforcement agencies increasingly have applied the principles of community policing to the problem of homegrown terrorism. This community policing approach has anchored Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) initiatives that mobilize local communities to combat terrorist radicalization and recruitment. To do so, this emerging model has tasked community members and social service providers like teachers and mental health professionals with identifying, reporting, and working with potential terrorists. Drawing from a two-year interpretive qualitative research study of CVE policy making and taking across the United States, I examine these emerging police–citizen practices, paying particular attention to how these new institutional arrangements enhance, rather than rein in, policing powers in the name of national security.

Formação e letramento no contexto de ensino da Pedagogia da Alternância: alguns apontamentos

Neste trabalho, objetiva-se compreender como o contexto de ensino da Pedagogia da Alternância (PA) e a maneira como a escrita se constitui nas práticas educativas dessa Pedagogia envolvendo a produção do gênero Caderno da Realidade (CR) podem se inscrever como práticas de letramento significativas para os estudantes inseridos no processo formativo. Considerando que o gênero é um objeto de ensino dentro do processo de letramento, a pesquisa vincula-se aos Novos Estudos do Letramento e está fundamentada na concepção de gêneros do discurso (BAKHTIN, 2006). A abordagem do objeto de estudo parte de uma revisão bibliográfica, sendo a pesquisa de natureza qualitativo-interpretativista, com procedimentos de coleta documental de dados. Os dados são compostos por textos de um exemplar do Caderno da Realidade, um instrumento didático-pedagógico das unidades de ensino que assumem a PA, produzido por um aluno do 9º ano de uma Escola Família Agrícola (EFA) localizada em uma cidade tocantinense. Analisando a construção dos CR na PA, envolvendo estudos de diferentes temas dos Planos de Estudo (PE), a pesquisa revelou a existência de práticas de letramento significativas para a formação, pois estas levam o estudante ao desenvolvimento da escrita, a produzir diversos gêneros. Ao produzir os textos que compõem o gênero em destaque, o estudante da PA vê sentido na produção de seu discurso, pois este se articula às suas práticas sociais, expressa sua identidade e realidade social.

KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL PADA PROSES PENDIDIKAN POLITIK PEMILIH PEMULA

Political education is one of the important factors in determining the attitude of a voter in the conduct of elections. Beginner voters with low levels of political education tend to have voices that are still floating or called swing-voters. If it is not able to be convinced, the swing-voter can become a golput, but if it can be convinced, the swing-voter can be an additional vote for a candidate or party in the final result of the vote count. The phenomenon of political apathy can be reduced by providing political education to beginner voters, one of the methods is through interpersonal communication. The exchange of values ??that form the basis of interpersonal communication can also occur in the family. This study aims to determine how the role of interpersonal communication in the process of early voter political education. Using the interpretative paradigm and descriptive qualitative research methods, by conducting observations, interviews and documentation studies. The unit of analysis under study is individuals, namely beginner voters at Pramuka Island, Thousand Islands, DKI Jakarta Province. The results of the study show that the role of interpersonal communication in the process of political voter education at Pramuka Island is to conduct discussions, exchange information about politics, and conduct political socialization, this will affect the process of political voter education and political participation in the 2019 Election.
 Keywords: interpersonal communication; political education; beginner voters; general election

Makna Pemeringkatan dan Peningkatan Kinerja Perguruan Tinggi Perspektif Intellectual Capital

The purpose of this research is to analyze the meaning of ratings and formulate efforts to improve the performance and competitiveness of universities in the intellectual capital perspective. The interpretive qualitative research type was used. Data collection was carried out using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out throughout the four-stage research process involving data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results of the study state that the meaning of ratings is related to performance, media promotion, and related to reputation or image building. Efforts to improve the performance and competitiveness of universities can be done by optimizing the role of human capital, structural capital, and relational capital both individually and integrated as intellectual capital. Another method that can be used is the comprehensive intellectual capital management or CICM method.
 Keywords: Ranking, performance, competitiveness, intellectual capital

Cultural Themes and Discourse in EMDR Therapy

This research study examined 56 eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) clinician responses to a case vignette to explore the question of how a sample of EMDR clinicians integrated the role of culture in EMDR therapy. A combination of basic interpretive and discourse analysis qualitative research methods examined participant responses to an online survey posting the vignette and several open-ended response questions. Results found that EMDR clinicians generally view the EMDR standard procedures as being flexible enough to meet client needs independent of cultural considerations. However, when prompted, the respondents were able to provide concrete examples of culture's potential influence. Furthermore, some implicit patterns of English language use suggested that there may be areas where more intentional reflection of the intersection of culture and EMDR may be warranted. The study serves as a catalyst for future inquiry on cultural issues in EMDR and validation of qualitative analytic strategies for EMDR research. The participants' responses also allowed an evaluation of how they conceptualized EMDR therapy and how they discussed EMDR with their clients. Identified themes included reflections on universality, reflections on cultural influences on treatment, individual differences in cultural identity, clinician identity interacting with treatment, EMDR process, and implicit cultural aspects of treatment.

A peek into academic (de)motivation of undergraduates at India’s top engineering schools

ABSTRACT This study provides an insider’s perspective on why engineering undergraduates at elite Indian universities lack academic motivation. Using interpretive qualitative research (actors approach), we uncover students’ perceptions of academic (de)motivation and group them into three broad categories: faculty-related, course-related and cognitive-related, which we then explain through select motivation theories. The study arrives at two alternate explanations for the (lack of) academic motivation (demotivation and amotivation). The findings help guide decision-making by faculty members, academic administrators and planners.

English

The purpose of this study was to reveal the problems perceived by fourth grade students in their own lives. The research was carried out with a basic interpretative qualitative research design. This method was used in order to examine in depth the vital problems perceived by fourth grade students. For the study, data were collected in the spring term of 2016-2017 academic year. The appropriate/accidental sampling method was used for data collection. Data were obtained from 206 fourth grade students of a primary school in the province of Umraniye, Istanbul. The data were analyzed by using the content analysis technique. Within the scope of this research, the findings are grouped under three themes; the problems that the students have had the most in their lives, their families and their schools. From the data obtained, the same quotations were made with descriptive analysis technique. It was found that the students who participated in the study perceived the problem of violence, family relations and communication in relation to their own family life. Concerning the school, the participating students mostly perceive problem with their friends, teachers and least about school management. It was concluded that participant students mostly have difficulty in solving and perceiving problems related to course achievement/mathematics/exams, violence, communication, less about personality traits, and at least education and death problems. Key words: Student problems, elementary school, fourth grade, problem solving, family.

Positive Shock: A Consumer Ethical Judgement Perspective

Existing debates on business ethics under-represent consumers’ perspectives. In order to progress understanding of ethical judgement in the marketplace, we unpack the interconnections between consumer ethical judgment, consent and context. We address the question of how consumers judge the morality of threat-based experiential marketing communications. Our interpretive qualitative research shows that consumers can feel positively about being shocked, judging threat appeals as more or less ethical by the nature of the negative emotions they experience. We also determine that the intersection between ethical judgement, consent and context lies where consumers’ perceptions of fairness and consequences lend contextualised normative approval to marketing practice. Our research makes three original contributions to existing literature. First, it extends theory in the area of ethical judgement, by highlighting the importance of consent for eliciting positive moral responses. Second, it adds to embryonic research addressing the role of emotions in ethical judgement, by ascertaining that negative emotions can elicit positive consumer ethical judgement. Third, our research contributes an original concept to ethical judgement theorisation, namely consumer-experienced positive shock (CEPS). We define CEPS as a consensual shock value judged as ethical due to its ephemerality, commercial resonance, brand alignment, target-audience appropriateness and contextual acceptability. We also extrapolate the dimensions of CEPS into an ethical judgement typology, elucidating how consumers judge some threat-based communications as ethical, but not others. Consequently, our work dovetails with wider business ethics debates on ethical judgement, adding value by clarifying the conditions that generate positive consumer ethical judgement.

A four-stage framework for conducting feminist storytelling research.

Storytelling is a contemporary research method increasingly used in qualitative interpretive research. Despite its popularity, there is a paucity of information providing detailed processes for conducting storytelling research that also incorporates a feminist perspective. To provide a four-stage framework for conducting feminist storytelling research. Systematic approaches or frameworks can help researchers conducting feminist storytelling studies. The authors discuss a framework for the sequential process of conducting storytelling research that embraces the tenets of feminist standpoint theory. This four-staged framework consists of the steps taken to prepare for the collection and analysis of data, as well as to disseminate the research's findings, from etic (procedural) and emic (feminist) perspectives. The authors demonstrate the use of the framework by applying it to a study of mothering. Use of a purposeful approach to feminist storytelling research may increase its auditability and verification. The authors anticipate that the framework can be adapted into an effective tool to support researchers interested in conducting feminist storytelling research.

Education for Syrian Refugees: The New Global Issue Facing Teachers and Principals in Turkey

This study addresses the educational status and needs of Syrian school-age children at Turkish public schools and the perspectives of teachers and school principals who work with Syrian refugee students. Data was collected from an ongoing qualitative interpretive case study research project using semistructured interviews with teachers and principals who worked with Syrian refugees in 2 inner-city elementary schools in Istanbul, Turkey. The findings of this study indicate that state schools provide many Syrian children with access to education that addresses the needs and challenges associated with the refugee school-age children. For example, Syrian children are thought to have rights identical to Turkish children regarding access to a free education in the Turkish public school setting, and the government has allowed Syrian students to enroll in universities without examinations or without having to show proof that they had attended universities in Syria. However, language barriers with respect to speaking and understanding Turkish must be mitigated to integrate Syrian refugees into Turkish culture. The results of the study also indicate that Syrian students are in a constant state of depression and trauma due to war and migration. Because of language-related issues and limited access to everyday necessities, Syrian children are often in need of comprehensive psychological support. Thus, this study recommends that teachers and principals participate in professional training and development programs to be able to provide psychological support to students.

South African teachers’ perspectives on support received in implementing curriculum changes

South African education has experienced significant curricular reform since the mid-1990s, but its implementation has not matched expectations. This study explores teachers’ perspectives on implementing these reforms in schools, with the aim of ascertaining the challenges they faced in the process, and the kind of support, guidance and professional development programmes they received from the Department of Basic Education to facilitate the changes. This article focuses on their experiences of the government-based Foundations for Learning Campaign in schools in the uThungulu district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Teachers from grades One to Six teaching languages and Mathematics were targeted, and a sample of 20 was purposefully selected. Using an interpretive qualitative research approach, data was collected by means of in-depth interviews, with open-ended questions, and classified by themes. The findings revealed that teachers felt inadequately provided with sustainable professional development programmes, and had minimal meaningful opportunities for classroom support, guidance and monitoring to assist in implementing the changes required. This small-scale investigation offers a stepping-stone for further analysis of assistance being offered to teachers across the country in times of curriculum reform, and thereby contributes towards preparing the ground for a new and integrated framework offering much-needed effective, systematic, ongoing professional development programmes that translate into improved teaching practice and learning success. Keywords: continuing professional development; curriculum implementation; curriculum reform; Foundations for Learning Campaign; monitoring; support

Enablers and Constraints of Female Entrepreneurship in Khyber Pukhtunkhawa, Pakistan: Institutional and Feminist Perspectives

Entrepreneurship is often considered a male-gendered concept, and carries masculine connotations. However, the importance of women entrepreneurs and their contribution to the economy has recently been realized. Nonetheless, there is limited research about female entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship in the developing countries context. This paper challenges the implicit masculinism of the traditional entrepreneurship research, and aims to explore the enablers and constraints of female social entrepreneurship within the context of a developing country. Our theoretical focus is based on institutional and feminist perspectives, thus developing logic through reconciling predictions from these two competing theories. This integration contributes by offering novel insights about social entrepreneurship. Utilising an interpretive qualitative research approach, data from in-depth interviews with ten female social entrepreneurs of KP, Pakistan were analyzed using thematic analysis. Empirically, we identify and discuss a number of interesting and explanatory themes affecting female entrepreneurship such as “women empowerment, patriarchal culture, role of culture and societal norms, religious extremism and terrorism, forced entrepreneurs, change creators, unique institutional constraints, institutional corruption and security issues”. The findings highlight female entrepreneurs’ struggle for sustainability, and explain how this occurs. The paper also provides an interesting insight into how context determines social entrepreneurship in KP, Pakistan.

Foundation phase teachers’ use of manipulatives to teach number concepts: A critical analysis

Background: The poor performance of learners in mathematics has long been a matter of concern in South Africa. The Annual National Assessment (ANA) results reveal that the problem starts in the foundation phase with number concepts.Aim: This research sought to ascertain how foundation phase teachers used mathematical resources to teach number concepts as this may be one of the contributors to poor mathematics results.Setting: The purposively selected participants included five foundation phase teachers teaching Grades 1–3 at two schools in the Western Cape, in South Africa.Methods: The research was located within the interpretive qualitative research paradigm and used a case study approach. Data were collected through lesson observations and interviews and analysed through the lens of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory.Results: The findings of this study revealed that teaching for understanding was often compromised by teaching to enable learners to pass systemic assessments. Teachers are inclined to rote teaching with drill work in preparation for assessments such as the ANA and the systemic assessment. Consequently, manipulatives are not necessarily used optimally or opportunely.Conclusion: This study recommends that teachers should receive the necessary training to use and follow Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development and also make an effort to follow the guidelines indicated in the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement mathematics document in respect of how and when to use practical mathematical manipulatives.

Spiritual experiences of post-performance career ballet dancers: a qualitative study of how peak performance spiritual lived experiences continued into and influenced later teaching lives

ABSTRACT This study focusses on how peak performance lived experiences (identified as spiritual) during a dance career continued into and influenced the later teaching lives of former ballet dancers. The study is located in academic discussion of Western mystical and spiritual experiences. Five professional ballet teachers, who were formerly professional ballet dancers, were interviewed using an interpretative phenomenological analysis qualitative research approach. The three major themes identified indicated that the dance career peak performance spiritual lived experiences: continued into later professional teaching life; influenced teaching techniques; and changed world life points of view. These findings confirm previous research and provide significant in-depth insights of the focus area under review. A table with a summary of the findings is included.

Changes in the Meaning of Primary Elements of the European Region in Medan City, Sumatra Island, Indonesia

The urban area consists of systems and sub-systems that have relationships with each other like a network. The development and changes in urban space are believed to influence the relationship between systems and also the meaning of all elements forming the urban spatial area. This also happens to the primary elements which are signs for the urban area. Given the changes in the city area, the existence of the primary elements as signs of a city area needs to be explored. The study is carried out on the primary elements in the city area which has a relatively complete city function. The case study is the European region in the center of Medan city, the capital of North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. This is a descriptive-analytical and interpretative-qualitative research. It aims to reveal all relationships that are intertwined in the function, form and meaning of the primary elements. The results of the study concluded that changes in primary elements as signs of the region shifted from symbolic meaning to pragmatic meaning.

Compreendendo o papel dos orientadores pde: identidade, espaço e lugar

This paper aims at discussing the identity of English professors who are advisors in the Programa de Desenvolvimento Educacional from the state of Paraná and their perceptions regarding the aforementioned continuous teacher training program for basic education teachers. The qualitative-interpretive research (Bortoni-Ricardo, 2008) articulates contributions from Norton (1997; 2013) about identity and investment, with the notions of space and place provided by Tuan (2013). Frominterviews with the professors who are advisors in the program, it was possible to notice an awareness of the limitation of their agency, and a resulting discomfort from it. Such awareness impacts on the understanding of their identities and ontheir places as trainers who are in training as well.

Academics’ experience of contradicting institutional logics of publishing

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore whether and how Ukrainian scholars recognize and react to a situation of an absence of two major institutional logics of academic writing and publishing, namely the logics of science advancement and personal career promotion and the dominance of the logic of coercive pressures to publish regardless of quality and resonance and with no material and reputational rewards. Two fundamental and essential logics that drive research activity at any university in western societies seem to be almost absent in Ukrainian context, where symbolic publishing for accountability only is taken-for-granted.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts qualitative interpretative research methodology. The scholars from seven universities were interviewed, including 16 senior scholars and 15 PhD students.FindingsThe study shows the dominance of a single logic of accountability which is persisted due to coercive pressures exerted on scholars. Despite the absence of instrumental value behind publishing requirements in Ukrainian higher education system, most academics do not question this policy and largely take it for granted as the only possible system.Originality/valueResearch conducted in this study contributes to institutional logics and institutional complexity literature by highlighting a unique situation of institutional complexity when logic that offers neither economic nor social benefits dominates the field. It is shown how actors recognize, interpret and respond to this situation, identifying three types of responses that range from blind adherence to taken-for-granted institutional definitions to strategic balance between coercive pressures and desired logics.

The Effect of a 6-Month Coach Educational Program on Strengthening Coach-Athlete Interpersonal Relationships in Individual Youth Sport.

The purpose of this intervention study was to develop an educational program for coaches to strengthen the coach–athlete interpersonal relationship in individual youth sport. To obtain data in the qualitative interpretative phenomenology phase, 10 youth sports coaches took part in semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The educational program was developed by integrating psychological, educational and social skills into the educational coaching sessions. The program involved a detailed video analysis, theoretical classes, and individual consultations. The qualitative interpretative phenomenology research design was used and enabled to evaluate the program. The study results revealed that the program had a positive impact on the transformation of the coach–athlete interpersonal relationship in sport. Behavioural, emotional, cognitive, and social strategies changes occured. The quality of the coach–athlete relationship changed: trust, communication, cooperation, encouragement, and a connection between athletes and the coaches appeared. The study’s results showed that the educational program for coaches had a positive effect on the quality of interpersonal relationships between athletes and the coaches and increased positive coaching strategies in youth sport.

Plunging into the process: methodological reflections on a process-oriented study of stakeholders’ relating dynamics

ABSTRACT Process-oriented approaches increasingly gain attention within policy and administrative studies. A process orientation emphasizes the ongoing, dynamic character of policy phenomena, i.e. their becoming. This article reflects upon the methodological particularities and challenges that come with doing process-oriented research. To do so, it draws on experiences with a concrete process study on stakeholders’ relating dynamics within a collaborative policymaking process. This article identifies three methodological particularities: (1) the ongoing amplification of realities, (2) the shifting of positionalities of both researchers and participants, through time and across contexts, and (3) the emergence of historical-aware reflexivity. While each of these are common issues in qualitative-interpretive research, we argue how the longitudinal and poly-contextual orientation of a process study amplifies their impact on the research process and poses specific challenges. We conclude that to effectively deal with these particularities and challenges a process researcher benefits from developing and establishing good field relations, as well as from the courage to come to ‘temporary’ closure(s), against the background of the continuously becoming of the phenomenon under study.

Islamic Green Accounting Concepts for Safeguarding Sustainable Growth in the Islamic Management Institutions

The Islamic accounting concepts circulate within the social contexts and social welfare bounded by the Islamic Shariah Law. The realisation of social contexts is based on the relationship to Allah SWT and relationship to mankind, which revolves within the social accountability relations between interested parties. The Islamic green accounting conception derives from the Islamic values of business transactions particularly in understanding the waqf management and zakat accounting in undertaking its social welfare. Therefore, the paper discusses on the fundamental features of Islamic green accounting conception to the public spheres in attaining sustainable growth and financial stability. Consequently, this paper aims to investigate the Islamic green accounting concepts within the Islamic philosophical perspectives and examine the requirements within the Islamic accounting spectrum for documenting Islamic transactions particularly waqf and zakat transactions. The interpretive qualitative research is employed by conducting five interviews for contemplating its procedures and routines in addressing the research objectives. The documentary review was conducted related to interpretive inquiry of the texts mainly from the al-Quran, Hadiths and other specific literatures. Content analysis has been undertaken to investigate the Islamic green accounting concepts and scrutinise on the possible ways to securing sustainable growth and financial stability in the public spheres. The findings reflect the appropriate management of Islamic accounting in delineating the contribution of waqf and allocation of zakat are essential in ensuring the distribution of wealth to people in need. The Islamic green accounting consists on the operationalization, management and implementation of waqf and zakat strategies to accommodate social needs and social welfare. In summary, the paper suggests a thorough future research to be conducted in extending the accounting for waqf and zakat transactions. The development will accommodate social welfare through appropriate distribution of wealth that indirectly reduced the poverty level within the social community and retaining for sustainable growth.