Interpretation Skills Research Articles

Development Model of Basic ECG Algorithm Interpretation based on Android Application to Increase Ability of Nurses

Introduction: ECG interpretation ability by nurses is still not appropriate, thus affecting the accuracy and speed of the next action that will be given to patients to reduce mortality. This study aimed to develop the use of an Android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application to improve the ability of nurse. Methods: Research development design to develop the Android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application. The sampling method used purposive sampling as many as 90 nurses in Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The independent variables were interpretation skills (rhythm, frequency, pacemaker, axis, extrasistole, block, enlargement of heart muscle, coronary heart disease, conclusion). The instruments that are used are ECG recording, ECG interpretation sheet, and focus group disscusion. The analysis used an independent t-test with a significance level of α ≤ 0.05. Results: The results of developing an ECG interpretation algorithm application based on the Android system have received recommendations from experts and feasibility tests have been carried out. There was a relationship between basic ECG interpretation capabilities with the use of an android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application. Increasing the ability of nurses had p value of 0,000. Conclusion: The application of an ECG interpretation algorithm based on an android system can improve nurses' abilities in interpreting basic ECG. For future researchers, it is necessary to develop and refine the Android system-based ECG interpretation algorithm application and this can be applied on a case-by-case basis.

The Pedagogic Value of Children’s Literature

The texts of children’s literature have unique features and the language teachers still have limited ideas on how these texts support language learning. At this juncture, this article aims at exploring the value of children’s literature in language learning. Simple, interesting and linguistically rich texts of children’s literature make classroom environment conducive to learn. These texts engage students in different communicative and cooperative tasks: pair and group discussions, jigsaw, simulation and role play. These texts contribute to students’ language enrichment, development of communicative competence, inferential, and interpretive skills and ultimately lead them to creative writing. Children’s literature is pedagogically crucial for students and teachers.

Use of eye tracking in medical education

Eye tracking has become increasingly applied in medical education research for studying the cognitive processes that occur during the performance of a task, such as image interpretation and surgical skills development. However, analysis and interpretation of the large amount of data obtained by eye tracking can be confusing. In this article, our intention is to clarify the analysis and interpretation of the data obtained from eye tracking. Understanding the relationship between eye tracking metrics (such as gaze, pupil and blink rate) and cognitive processes (such as visual attention, perception, memory and cognitive workload) is essential. The importance of calibration and how the limitations of eye tracking can be overcome is also highlighted.

Oral fluorescein angiography in the diagnosis of paediatric optic nerve abnormalities.

FFA is a well-established investigation for the diagnosis of optic nerve abnormalities, requiring an intravenous cannula and extended imaging acquisition time. Cannulation can present a challenge in paediatric patients and whilst oral FFA has been used for decades, it has been limited by imaging technology and unconfirmed image acquisition timings. For years, we have used a modern ultra-widefield retinal camera, and established imaging time-points to demonstrate dynamic optic nerve head changes upon ingestion of fluorescein and collected a database of oFFA images for various presentations. Using an established protocol, optic nerve colour images were obtained, followed by oral administration of fluorescein dye. The optic nerves are then imaged at established intervals. An interpretation of oFFA tutorial was delivered to consultant ophthalmologists and trainees. Subsequently, these groups were assessed using a series of fifteen cases with the sensitivity and specificity of the test determined. Our study presents a series of images and descriptions for common optic nerve abnormalities in paediatric populations. In the interpretation part of the study, overall sensitivity of 76.8% in the consultant group vs 63.3% in the combined consultant + trainees and specificity of 87.5% vs 68.4% in the combined group. This is the first study that describes characteristic features of several common, and serious, optic nerve abnormalities specifically for oFFA interpretation in a paediatric population. It also highlights the rapid accumulation of oFFA interpretation skills in non-specialist consultant and trainee ophthalmologists such as to obtain a high diagnostic accuracy with high sensitivity and specificity.

Evaluation of a short training course of chest X-ray interpretation for the diagnosis of paediatric TB.

Chest X-ray (CXR) interpretation is challenging for the diagnosis of paediatric TB. We assessed the performance of a three half-day CXR training module for healthcare workers (HCWs) at low healthcare levels in six high TB incidence countries. Within the TB-Speed Decentralization Study, we developed a three half-day training course to identify normal CXR, CXR of good quality and identify six TB-suggestive features. We performed a pre-post training assessment on a pre-defined set of 20 CXR readings. We compared the proportion of correctly interpreted CXRs and the median reading score before and after the training using the McNemar test and a linear mixed model. Of 191 HCWs, 43 (23%) were physicians, 103 (54%) nurses, 18 (9.4%) radiology technicians and 12 (6.3%) other professionals. Of 2,840 CXRs with both assessment, respectively 1,843 (64.9%) and 2,277 (80.2%) were correctly interpreted during pre-training and post-training (P < 0.001). The median reading score improved significantly from 13/20 to 16/20 after the training, after adjusting by country, facility and profession (adjusted β = 3.31, 95% CI 2.44-4.47). Despite some limitations of the course assessment that did not include abnormal non-TB suggestive CXR, study findings suggest that a short CXR training course could improve HCWs' interpretation skills in diagnosing paediatric TB.

What’s in the Shadows? Formal Analysis: Art History Method to Improve Interpretation Skills for Mammography and Chest Radiographs in Resident Education

To assess the feasibility of using an art history tool of formal analysis in resident education for interpretations of mammography and chest radiographs METHODS: In a pre-post study design, residents were shown pre-selected 10 mammograms and 10 chest radiographs for a total of 20 unique anonymized patient cases. After the pretest, residents attended fourformal analysis art history lessons. The formal elements included line, light, dark, shade, proportion and balance. The post-tests were administered utilizing the same set of images given during the pre-test. After the completion of the pre- and post-tests, the participants filled out a written survey. On average, participants improved their image descriptions for a mean of 30% of the total number of mammographic images they evaluated, and similarly they improved their image diagnoses for a mean of 31% of the mammographic images. On average, participants improved their image descriptions for a mean of 37% of the total number of chest radiographs they evaluated, while improving their image diagnoses for a mean of 52% of the chest X-rays. Of the 20 participants, 14 (70%) completed the post study survey. Almost all of the respondents endorsed agreement in understanding the application of formal analysis to radiologic interpretation. Eight out of 14 (57%) participants self-reported improvement in identifying abnormalities and contriving descriptors. This pilot study shows that formal art analysis used by art historians may improve radiologic learners' ability to perceive and describe relevant radiologic abnormalities which in turn would lead to a more accurate radiologic differential diagnosis. The formal analysis process trains the eye to detect and categorize the underlying structure of images. This method provides an alternative arts intervention specifically designed to improve fundamental visual skills in radiology education.

Surrounded by text: the meaning of health represented through the texts of life. An interpretative process

Our omnipresent reflective worlds invite interpretation through the incalculability and types of text that surrounds us during our daily lives. We as human beings have no choice but to acknowledge this bombardment of texts as our obligatory and oblivious day-to-day engagements or be in denial of them because, as their meaning has not become relevant and interpreted within our lives.&#x0D; These texts of life will continue to appear regardless of whether through an interpersonal encounter within our taken-for-granted lives, as researcher through the recounting of a research a research participant’s lived experience of something, or of a form of “art” that uniquely somehow “speaks to us”. Patients, clinicians, and researchers are offered windows, images, narratives, metaphors, or other creative expression into the complex experiences that can be explored and interpreted to help understanding complex health conditions. Chronic pain and cancer an example of these but the text associated with these transcend their medicalization to include the ontological pain associated with the day-to-day distress these can create.&#x0D; This presentation offers the personal and academic reflections as a researcher and a person who lives with chronic pain and is currently undergoing a second round of chemotherapy for cancer. By finding a common ground of understanding the clinical and life experiences of living with chronic health conditions becomes mutually more accessible and may enhance the treatment of the person. The first step it to help create awareness that text and interpretation skills can benefit the clinician, the patient, and researchers.

Effectiveness of blended pedagogy for radiographic interpretation skills in operative dentistry - a comparison of test scores and student experiences at an undergraduate dental school in Pakistan

BackgroundUtilizing Blended pedagogy (BP) in radiographic skills may prove to be an effective teaching strategy. However, studies on the use of BP in dentistry are quite limited in Pakistan, where teaching has mostly been via traditional Didactic Lectures (DL); and radiographic interpretation skills of undergraduate dental students are suboptimal. Therefore, this study aims to assess whether utilizing BP to teach radiographic interpretation skills is an effective teaching methodology in Pakistan.MethodsThis mixed-method study was conducted on final year dental students at Jinnah Medical and Dental College (JMDC). Two groups of students were utilized for this study, one taught by traditional DL and the other taught by BP for the same module. BP was conducted over six weeks. A post-module test was conducted in both groups. Additionally, the BP group completed a modified Community of Inquiry (CoI) survey tool and volunteered to discuss their experiences through a focused group discussion (FGD). Descriptive statistics were computed and independent sample t-test was used to analyse the difference between the scores of the two groups. Thematic analysis was performed for the qualitative data.ResultsThe mean post-test scores were found to be significantly higher in the BP group (61.0 ± 10.2) compared to the DL group (44.4 ± 12.3) (p = < 0.001, CI = 95%, Cronbach Alpha > 0.8). The mean scores for the modified CoI instrument were 4.0 ± 0.29 for the whole instrument; 4.25 ± 0.22 for Teaching Presence, 3.71 ± 0.23 for Social Presence and 3.97 ± 0.16 Cognitive Presence, with all three having a Cronbach’s alpha > 0.75. Thematic analysis revealed that BP students mutually agreed that BP method was beneficial with the appreciation of strong support from the facilitator. However, challenges like interrupted power supply and increased effort requirement from students were pointed out.ConclusionStudents taught radiographic interpretation skills with BP in comparison to DL had higher test scores and expressed a positive experience demonstrated via a modified CoI survey and FGD. Considering the encouraging results found, dental schools should incorporate BP in their teaching methodology and follow-up studies are needed to further support the use of BP as an effective teaching methodology in Dentistry.

Investigating the roles of Short - Term Memory in The Process of Learning Interpretation for English Linguistics Students at HUIT

This study examines the intricate relationship between Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade's (HUIT) English linguistics final-year students' short-term memory and interpretive skills. Interpretation, a key skill in linguistics, is essential to language understanding and translation; hence, linguistic education must include it. This study analyses how HUIT English linguistics students employ short-term memories to influence their interpretation learning and the relevance of such influences. Quantitative methods examined this complex relationship between short-term memory and interpretive learning. Memory, language proficiency, and simulated interpretation exams were given to many HUIT English linguistics seniors. Correlation studies and regression models were used to determine how short-term memory affects interpretation performance. Current research emphasises short-term memory for comprehension. Students understood more with better short-term memory. This group processed language faster, recalled better, and grasped verbal intricacies. The study also found classroom methods adopted by students with good recall. These findings can help us focus and improve our interpretation skills in sessions. Understanding how important short-term memory is helps teachers help pupils remember and evaluate what they hear. This study enhances interpretation education, which may help meet the global language professional need.

Assessing the clinical reasoning of ChatGPT for mechanical thrombectomy in patients with stroke

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) has become a promising tool in medicine. ChatGPT, a large language model AI Chatbot, shows promise in supporting clinical practice. We assess the potential of ChatGPT as...

ТВОРЧЕСКОЕ ПЕРЕОСМЫСЛЕНИЕ КАК ВИД АДАПТАЦИИ ПРИ ПЕРЕВОДЕ: ПРАКТИКУМ ПО ИНОСТРАННОМУ ЯЗЫКУ

The paper analyzes creative reinterpretation which is one of the most important tools to be used when translating various kinds of literary works. A number of characteristic features makes such works different from journalistic, science and technical or legal texts. A translator is to consider these features in order to perform his job properly. For example, a translator should bear in mind that a literary work not only performs a communicative function of a language. In addition to bringing certain information to a recipient, these works are intended to have an emotional and esthetic impact. Such impact is one of the manifestations of an author’s original intention, and it is a translator’s duty to make all kinds of efforts to properly bring both the original’s content and features of its expression forms to a recipient. One of the methods to achieve this goal is creative reinterpretation of an original text. Such translation problem doesn’t have any ready-made solutions, which means that future specialists should put much effort to master the skill of creative interpretation. In other words, forming the skill of creative interpretation is one of the most important tasks in teaching both a foreign language and translation practice.

Unveiling Minds: Investigating Critical Thinking Traits of Students in Private Catholic Schools in Siquijor Province

The study aimed to identify the critical thinking traits of students as possible determinants of their critical thinking skills and their relationship to selected variables. The researcher utilized a descriptive-correlational design and employed a systematic sampling technique to identify 130 randomly selected students from private Catholic institutions in the Province of Siquijor. Validated questionnaires were used, and multiple regression analysis, chi-square test, and weighted mean were employed for data analysis. The study found that senior high school students exhibit "high" levels of critical thinking traits in the following areas: truth-seeking, open-mindedness, analyticity, systematicity, critical thinking self-confidence, inquisitiveness, and cognitive maturity. Their critical thinking skills in interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and self-regulation are also “high”. Furthermore, students who exhibit higher levels of truth-seeking, open-mindedness, and critical thinking self-confidence tend to have better critical thinking skills. Female students display more positive critical thinking traits compared to their male counterparts. Students in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) and Technical Vocational Livelihood (TVL) tracks exhibit the most desirable critical thinking traits and skills compared to other groups of students. These findings indicate the need for a concerted effort to maintain and improve critical thinking traits and skills across all student groups, with particular emphasis on gender disparities and stream-specific differences. Educators and policymakers can use these insights to better prepare students for academic success and future challenges.

Educating correct ECG interpretation is a way to promote the satisfaction and competency the diagnostic service providers.

Given electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation as one of the diagnostical challenges for medical students and health professionals, this research was carried out to present an experience of web-based teaching method and novel approaches used for training of ECG interpretation. This online program was conducted in three days. The main content of the class was taught during one hour, and after that, the teacher spent enough time for responding the asked questions. The components of a normal ECG and different changes that can occur in these waves were taught through clinical case-based scenarios using the web platform and Adobe Connect software. The participants' satisfaction was assessed with a 12-item questionnaire, and the short-term retention of ECG interpretation skill was examined by comparing the posttest scores with pretest. A total of 224 individuals completed the course. Total satisfaction score was 53.05±6.98 (out of the maximum score of 60). Based on the results of the paired t test, the interpretation skill scores of the participants increased significantly from 2.5 ± 1.57 to 6.96 ± 1.89. (p<0.001, CI = -4.8 to- 4.11). This web-based nationwide training program provided a supplementary resource for ECG learning among medical students and health-care providers.

Functional Mathematical Literacy in the Context of Probability and Statistics: A Key to Success in 21st Century Education

The article examines the issue of the formation and development of functional mathematical literacy in the context of the field of competence "Elements of Probability and Statistics" at school, as well as the normative framework of the Law on Preschool and School Education (ZPUO) in Bulgaria, with an emphasis on educational math programs for students. The article emphasizes the importance of functional mathematical literacy, which is necessary for successful implementation in real life and includes skills to apply mathematical knowledge in practical situations. The main aspects of functional mathematical literacy are explored, as well as the key directions for its development, including the integration of mathematical knowledge in real situations, the development of critical thinking and the use of interactive teaching methods. It concludes with an analysis of curriculum changes related to probability and statistics, and highlights the importance of pie chart construction and interpretation skills in an educational context. Sample tasks that contribute to the achievement of appropriate educational outcomes and competencies are examined.

Analysis of the current state of evidence regarding the relationship between reading, writing, and digital literacy skills in K-12 education: A systematic review

This paper aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of studies on the relationship between reading and writing skills and digital literacy at the K-12 level, following the PRISMA statement. The analysis included examining subjects, aims, digital materials, methodologies, and learning outcomes of relevant studies. Data were collected from the Web of Science database based on specified inclusion criteria. In total, 23 empirical studies were analyzed: 6 articles exploring the relationship between writing and digital literacy skills, and 17 articles examining the relationship between reading and digital literacy skills. The relationship between reading skills and digital literacy was explored in several contexts: the impact of digital texts on reading processes, comprehension and interpretation skills, effects of digital technologies on traditional reading methods, the influence of digital graphic novels on reading processes, and early literacy education. Findings indicated a relationship between writing skills and digital literacy, covering topics such as digital technologies in traditional writing, critical discourse analysis, writing skills in new media, and writing practices. Various digital tools were employed to enhance reading, writing, and digital literacy skills, including digital tablets, computer software, comics, educational videos, e-books, picture books, digital novels, voice recorders, and mobile devices. The majority of studies utilized qualitative and mixed methods; no studies employed quantitative methods. Overall, these findings highlight the interplay between reading, writing, and digital literacy skills at the K-12 level, providing a foundation for future research.

Переклад як інструмент комунікації фахівців з міжнародних економічних відносин

The communication skills of specialists in international economic relations determine the ease of overcoming linguistic and cultural boundaries in today’s globalized world. As businesses expand into international markets, the demand for professionals with a high level of language competence, including translation and interpretation skills, is high. The article substantiates that translation competence is an integral part of the professional competence of applicants for economic direction, since integration processes and international cooperation increase the requirements for foreign language proficiency not only in the interpersonal sphere, but also in the economic, especially in the field of international business. In the course of the study, the main key challenges and barriers to effective communication in international business are identified and characterized, namely: cultural differences, language barriers, non-verbal communication signals, technological challenges, time zone differences, cross-cultural misunderstandings, translation and interpretation. Emphasis is placed on translation and interpretation, as it is an important tool for facilitating communication between speakers of different languages. Correct translation and interpretation requires not only knowledge of the language, but also cultural competence, understanding of the context and knowledge of the subject. The authors identify the main areas of application of translation and interpretation in international business, including: legal and regulatory documents; financial reports and market analysis results; marketing and promotional materials for international markets; translation of technical specifications, instructions and documentation for products; diplomatic negotiations, international conferences and diplomatic correspondence on economic issues. Thus, translation is an effective tool for effective communication, cooperation and negotiations in international economic relations. By overcoming language barriers, fostering intercultural understanding, and the exchange of information and ideas, translation plays a vital role in promoting economic cooperation, trade liberalization, and sustainable development on a global scale.

Effect of Educational Program on Nurses' Skill Regarding Electrocardiogram Interpretation in Critical Care Units : A Quasi-Experimental Study

Background: Electrocardiograms non-invasively assess cardiac rhythm and electrical activity. It was the first heart disease diagnosis tool that helped reduce heart disease morbidity and death. ECGs are monitored and interpreted by nurses. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an educational program on nurses' skills regarding electrocardiogram interpretation among critical care nurses. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 68 nurses as a non-probability purposive sample working in critical care units at Azadi Teaching Hospital, Kirkuk City, Iraq. This study starts from 20th October 2023 to April 10, 2024. The study tool consists of two parts. Part I is concerned with nurses` socio-demographic characteristics, and Part II (the structured skill questionnaire) was developed by the researcher after reviewing the literature. For validity, the previous study restated topics and submitted them to 12 experts from various specialists. The education program was implemented with group teaching technique-based sessions, and hands-on training was provided. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: The results showed that most participants (73.5%) were aged between 24 and 28 years old and were female with 1-3 years of experience. Only 14.7% of participants had taken previous ECG training courses. Also, it showed that there is a high significant difference (Z = -7.153) at P&lt;0.01 between nurses' total skills pre-test and post-test responses and found that nurses in CCU had high skills compared to other units. Conclusion: The overall level of nurses' skills in electrocardiography interpretation is low in the pre-test after implementation of the education program enhances their skills with high statistical significance. The study's findings prove that structured educational programs enhance nurses' skillfulness in ECG interpretation.

E-FAST Ultrasound Training Curriculum for Prehospital Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Clinicians.

Audience and type of curriculum: This hybrid, asynchronous curriculum is designed for prehospital clinician colleagues, including but not limited to emergency medical technicians (EMT), advanced EMTs (AEMT), EMT-paramedics (EMT-P), critical care EMT-Ps (CCEMTP), critical care transport nurses (CCTN), and certified flight registered nurses (CFRN) to learn and practice ultrasound fundamentals in the setting of a standardized extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma (E-FAST) exam. Over a five-month curriculum, learners will perform a pre-test, review online module lectures, attend an ultrasound scanning workshop, and perform post-test examinations. The extended-focused assessment with sonography in trauma (E-FAST) exam can identify intrathoracic and intraabdominal free fluid, as well as pneumothoraces. The E-FAST ultrasound exam has previously been taught to clinicians of various backgrounds in healthcare including emergency medical service (EMS). However, an open-access, systemized curriculum for teaching E-FAST exams to EMS clinicians has not been published. By the end of these training activities, prehospital EMS learners will be able to demonstrate foundational ultrasound skills in scanning, interpretation, and artifact recognition by identifying pertinent organs and anatomically relevant structures for an E-FAST examination. Learners will differentiate between normal and pathologic E-FAST ultrasound images by identifying the presence of free fluid and lung sliding. Learners will also explain the clinical significance and application of detecting free fluid during an E-FAST scan. The educational strategies used in this curriculum include a hybrid, asynchronous curriculum encompassing 2.5 hours of lectures derived from online learning modules and in-person review. In addition, learners will attend 2 hours of hands-on proctored ultrasound scanning practicing E-FAST examinations. An online 13-question pre-test was administered prior to the study. An online post-test and in-person scanning OSCEs were administered at least eight weeks after their scheduled workshop consisting of an online 13-question multiple-choice post-test, a confidence survey, and a hands-on E-FAST Objectively Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE) session. A non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed between each pre-test and post-test metric to examine the statistical differences of paired data. Post-test scores demonstrated statistically significant improvement in both image interpretation exams and ultrasound self-efficacy from the pre-test. The mean pre-test and post-test scores were 55.46% (7.21 ± 1.99) and 84.23% (10.89 ± 1.59) correct out of 13 questions, respectively (p < 0.0001). Participants surveyed an increase in self-efficacy reflected by a Likert scale for ultrasound usage and image interpretation (p < 0.005). The average post-test OSCE E-FAST exam score was 37.89 ± 2.76 out of 42 points (90.21%). This 4.5-hour hybrid asynchronous model demonstrates an effective curriculum for teaching E-FAST ultrasound to prehospital clinicians. Ultrasound, sonography, prehospital clinicians, emergency medical services (EMS), paramedics, critical care transport, extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma (E-FAST), free fluid, sliding lung sign, elective, pain.

Caregivers with limited language proficiency and their satisfaction with paediatric emergency care related to the use of professional interpreters: a mixed methods study

ObjectivesCommunication is a main challenge in migrant health and essential for patient safety. The aim of this study was to describe the satisfaction of caregivers with limited language proficiency (LLP)...

The effectiveness of cloud computing in developing critical thinking skills among early childhood students

The main objective of this research was to find out how well cloud computing works for teaching kids in the early grades to think critically. Participants in the study were a group of early childhood students from schools in the Mafraq Governorate. The duration of the trial was set at one month. Sixty students participated in the study; thirty were randomly assigned to the experimental group and thirty to the control group. Following the intervention, the experimental group performed better than the control group on tests measuring reasoning, interpretation, analysis, and assessment skills. Both in the follow-up assessment and in the time immediately after the intervention, the experimental group and the control group did not vary from one another in terms of critical thinking skill scores.