This research aims to investigate the effect of e-procurement on supply chain performance (SCP) focusing on the role of inter-organisational communication (IOC) in the oil industry. E-design, e-evaluation, e-sourcing, and e-negotiation were identified as the most important dimensions of e-procurement. Likewise, inter-organisational information systems (IOS) and inter-organisational trust were considered the main dimensions of inter-organisation communication. The statistical population consisted of procurement and purchase managers, buyers, and experts in the oil industry. To test the hypotheses and determine the relationship among the model variables, the structural equation modelling approach was used. The results imply a positive effect of e-procurement on SCP. Moreover, a positive impact of IOS and trust on SCP was confirmed. According to the importance of IOC for industrial sellers, buyers, and also industrial marketers, this research provides practitioners with a strategic perspective when dealing with e-procurement systems to improve SCP.