International Transport Corridors Research Articles

Влияние санкций на развитие транспортной логистики в современной России

The development of the infrastructure of the international transport corridor (ITC) “North – South” is considered, changes in the tonnage of the marine fleet due to an increase in the number of cargo shipments along the ITC “North – South” are analyzed. As a result of the beginning of EU sanctions against Russia, namely the ban on the import of many goods into Russia, as well as limits on the transportation of goods along European highways and the ban on Russian ships entering and parking at ports, measures are being taken at the level of the Government of the Russian Federation aimed at developing transport logistics focused on the south. These measures are aimed at expanding the volume of cargo transportation: both domestic and international. The “North – South” route starts from St. Petersburg and ends at the port of Mumbai (India). It is an alternative route passing through the Suez Canal. The problem of the functioning of railway communication between Iran and Azerbaijan within the framework of the “North – South” transport corridor is considered. The structure of trade turnover of the countries participating in this corridor is shown, it is noted that the corridor has a beneficial effect on the economy of the Astrakhan region. The bottlenecks of this corridor and ways to eliminate these barriers are outlined. The corridor is not only an economic prerogative of the state, but also a strategic direction. Prospects for increasing cargo traffic have been identified, cargo transportation along the “North – South” MTC in 2023 amounted to 17.6 million tons. The data of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation are presented, which assess the positive growth of cargo traffic along this corridor to 41 million tons by 2030. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects for Russia to further develop the transport corridor, which in the future will become one of the main trade routes in the country.

Development of Transport Logistics in Kyrgyzstan

The article explores the possibilities of the Kyrgyz Republic in solving logistics problems, primarily in the framework of the development of transnational projects, cooperation of modes of transport in mixed traffic and identifying their competitive advantages, as well as by developing modern multimodal transport hubs, using the economic and geographical features of the regions. An attempt is made to show how the development of international transport corridors affects the development of individual territories on the example of the continental and border regions.

Economic Growth and Spatial Analysis in Transport Corridors: A Preliminary Review

Abstract The construction and development of international transport corridors have become a means of cross-border space governance, promoting the flexibility of international industrial chains and supply chains. Due to the uncertainty of cooperation, the development of international transport corridors entails a long-term and complex system of engineering. Transport corridors can generate wider economic benefits and costs through their effects on a potentially diverse set of development outcomes, such as economic growth, poverty, jobs, equity, environmental quality, and economic resilience. The focus on roads, rails, and waterways is justified, as transport corridors based on these modes have clearer potential for economic spillovers than, for example, airline routes. The current paper describes a multi-method approach involving spatial and non-spatial analysis to investigate spatial disparity along a proposed corridor and examine its integration within the existing settlement structure. The conceptual structure for the review is guided by a simple canonical model describing the policy maker’s problem in maximizing the net wider economic benefits of corridors. The meta-analysis confirms that characteristics of individual studies, as well as the placement and design of transport infrastructures, systematically influence the findings of corridor studies. It also shows that, on average, estimated impacts of corridor interventions on economic welfare and equity tend to be beneficial, while they are often detrimental to environmental quality, and possibly also to social inclusion.

ECONOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL DIMENSIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION

Under current conditions of growing interdependence of national economies, global supply chains are being transformed and trade flows are being reoriented. The dynamics and scale of these processes are largely determined by the efficiency of international transport corridors. Investments in transport corridors have a significant multiplier effect on the entire economy by stimulating the development of transport and logistics and related sectors of the economy, creating a growing demand in labour markets, and developing global value chains, international production, trade and logistics networks. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of international transport corridors on the development of territories at the national and regional levels. The use of descriptive statistics allowed to assess the impact of international transport corridors on the level of economic development, trade openness and foreign trade volumes based on the analysis of data from 121 countries. The links between the zones of influence of international transport corridors and other functional types of territories in Ukraine were investigated. The territorial coefficient of environmental load in the context of Ukrainian regions was calculated. The results of the study will be useful for both researchers in the field of logistics and transport infrastructure development and policymakers in the field of transport and economic policy.

CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BASIS FOR ENSURING THE TRANSPORT SOVEREIGNTY OF RUSSIA IN CONNECTION WITH THE NETWORK DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS

Introduction. The article, in a constitutional and legal context, examines the concept of transport sovereignty of the state as an integral part of the territorial, economic, and technological sovereignty of the state. International transport corridors (ITC) are created with the participation of Russia, help strengthen the transport sovereignty of the Russian state, and act as new network transport infrastructure structures for international transport. It is noted that the security of the transport system is under federal jurisdiction and is ensured by constitutional measures of national, regional, international regulation and control in the field of federal transport, communications, information, information technology and communications. Materials and methods. Analytical materials were used on the Eurasian cooperation of the EAEU member states on the creation of the ITC, on the coordination functions and powers of the EAEU bodies, the State Council of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Transport of Russia, the Ministry of Finance of Russia and others on the development of the ITC and the transport system as a whole. Methods of comparative analysis of legal acts on the topic of the article were used. Results. The importance of the ITC for the transport sovereignty of Russia and the Agreement on the ITC «North-South» of September 12, 2000 are analyzed. It is noted that in the world of innovation and digital economy, ITCs are included in transport systems. Discussion and conclusions. The constitutional and legal nature of strategic planning of the transport industry with the participation of the State Council of the Russian Federation is noted. In this regard, strengthening legal regulation measures to ensure the technological and transport sovereignty of the state at the international and national levels can be considered as ways of constitutional and legal protection of the foundations of the constitutional system, the interests of the state and society.

Basic principles of urban transformation of the suburban zone of a megapolis greater samara. Part 1

The contradictions that exist today between a reasonable balance of planning, communication, industrial, environmental processes and the organization of the urban planning structure of a megapolis are formed in the orbit of current challenges for Russia. The author examines new concepts aimed at creating international transport and logistics corridors and scientific and production clusters in accordance with the strategy of neo-industrialization and the draft Urban Planning Doctrine of Russia developed by the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences. Using the example of the Volga region megapolis Greater Samara, the following are considered: the basic urban planning principles for regulating the transformation of the suburbs of the megapolis; spatial structure of multihub systems. Promising models of the supporting framework of territories with scientific and practical organization of space are proposed, considered according to the spheres of their action: architectural, urban planning, management, environmental, economic. The author relies on the scientific works of architects, urban planners, economic geographers, urban ecologists and other specialists studying urban processes.

Implementation of projects of international transport corridors on the Eurasian continent as drivers of economic growth of the region

This study critically examines the implications of international transport corridor projects for Central Asian countries, focusing on the Western-backed Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA), the Chinese initiative “One Belt—One Road”, and the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) supported by the Russian Federation, India, and Iran. The analysis underscores the risks associated with Western projects, highlighting a need for a more explicit commitment to substantial infrastructure investments and persistent contradictions among key investors and beneficiaries. While the Chinese initiative presents significant benefits such as transit participation, infrastructure development, and economic investments, it also carries risks, notably an increased debt burden and potential monopolization by Chinese corporations. The study emphasizes that Central Asian countries, though indirect beneficiaries of INSTC, may not be directly involved due to geographical constraints. Study findings advocate for Central Asian nations to balance foreign investments, promote economic integration, and safeguard political and economic sovereignty. The study underscores the region’s wealth of natural and human resources, emphasizing the potential for increased demand for goods and services with improved living standards, strategically positioning these countries in the evolving global economic landscape.

LEGAL POSSIBILITIES FOR CREATING A SINGLE OPERATOR FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF CONTAINERS BY RUSSIAN COMPANIES ALONG THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE

Purpose of the research. This article discusses current issues of organizing the transportation of container cargo by a Russian operating company along the Northern Sea Route. The advantages of using the Northern Sea Route as an international transport and logistics corridor have been identified. The problems of organizing and implementing the transportation of containers along the Northern Sea Route have been identified. A scheme for legal regulation of the activities of a Russian operator for the transportation of containers along the Northern Sea Route has been developed. Results. It has been established that in the Russian Federation there is a necessary system of legal regulation of the functioning of the operator for the transportation of containers along the Northern Sea Route, which makes it possible to create a state-owned Arctic Container Shipping Company on the basis of the Rosatom, which will be a national operator for the transportation of containers and will be able to most successfully and efficiently establish a Unified a system for transporting container cargo along the Northern Sea Route.

The use of quality tools to improve the efficiency of international transport corridors

In the context of the development of international trade and economic integration the opening of new international transport corridors (ITC) is becoming an urgent issue of ensuring the optimization of logistics processes, reducing time costs and improving the quality of service.This article discusses a comprehensive approach to improving international transport corridors, including the use of various quality and strategic planning tools. Each of these tools has its own characteristics and goals, but the overall objective is to improve processes, eliminate obstacles and improve the efficiency of the ITC. Some of the quality tools discussed in the article include: route optimization methods, resource and infrastructure management, as well as the use of information technology to monitor and manage processes within international transport corridors.Also, the use of quality tools will allow for cooperation and coordination between various participants of the ITC, such as the state, transport companies, freight forwarders and logistics services, which will ultimately contribute to the development of international trade and ensure a more sustainable and efficient logistics infrastructure.

The development of the North–South International Multimodal Transport Corridor and the measures to integrate the regional transport infrastructure

The problems of the North–South Transport Corridor development are directly interrelated with the integration of the regional infrastructure of the countries participating in this project. The importance of this corridor currently affects not only the economic sphere, but also the geopolitics of the world community as a whole, as the power balancing issues in the world economy are engaged. Based on the results of the statistical data study from open sources, the analysis of extensive periodical literature, the pros and cons of the North–South Multimodal Transport Corridor (MTC) project are substantiated, and the promising ways of implementing and improving its effectiveness are identified. Political pressure on a number of participating countries and an asymmetry of interests are highlighted as factors that hinder the active implementation of the project (the most interested participants are Iran and Russia, other parties may have negative geopolitical and economic consequences from participating in the project). There are major challenges concerning the infrastructure development and the insufficient degree of harmonization of the institutional conditions within which the transport corridor operates. On the other hand, the greatest advantages of the North–South Transport Corridor are reducing dependence on other transport routes, including those passing through competitive countries, increasing national security and sovereignty of Russia, consolidating Eurasian integration, improving foreign policy links with the countries in Asia and Africa. In order to maximize the potential of the North–South MTC and increase its competitiveness in comparison with other transport hubs, the following ways are proposed: 1. One-time solution to a set of tasks: modernization of infrastructure, primarily, port infrastructure in Russia, railway infrastructure in Iran; full digitalization of the transport and logistics sphere in all the participating countries; harmonization of institutional conditions for the project implementation in the domain of legislation, customs procedures, business processes, management. 2. More active use of free economic zones and special economic zones. 3. Formation of a special supranational organizational structure that will directly deal with the development of the North– South International Transport Corridor.

Methodology for International Transport Corridor Macro-Modeling Using Petri Nets at the Early Stages of Corridor Development with Limited Input Data

International transport corridors (ITCs) are intricate logistical networks essential for global trade flows. The effective modeling of these corridors provides invaluable insights into optimizing the transport system. However, existing approaches have significant limitations in dynamically representing the complexities and uncertainties inherent in ITC operations and at the early stages of ITC development when data are limited. This gap is addressed through the application of Evaluation Petri Nets (E-Nets), which facilitate the detailed, flexible, and responsive macro-modeling of international transport corridors. This paper proposes a novel methodology for developing E-Net-based macro-models of corridors by incorporating key parameters like transportation time, costs, and logistics performance. The model is scalable, enabling analysis from an international perspective down to specific country segments. E-Nets overcome limitations of conventional transport models by capturing the interactive, stochastic nature of ITCs. The proposed modeling approach and scalability provide strategic insights into optimizing corridor efficiency. This research delivers a streamlined yet comprehensive methodology for ITC modeling using E-Nets. The presented framework has substantial potential for enhancing logistics system analysis and planning.

Methodological Framework for Sustainable Transport Corridor Modeling Using Petri Nets

Current models for evaluating sustainable transport corridors often lack a comprehensive framework capturing the multifaceted performance measures vital for holistic assessment especially at the early stages of operation, when detailed information on the performance indicators of these transport corridors is not available. This gap motivates a Petri net-based modeling approach that integrates key sustainability indicators into a flexible simulation tool. This paper details a versatile methodology harnessing Petri nets, specifically Evaluation Petri nets (E-Nets), to assess corridor sustainability across environmental, social, and economic dimensions. The proposed framework equips planners and policymakers to explore diverse green corridor configurations under varying conditions. Case studies showcase the model’s capabilities in analyzing real-world corridors, identifying performance bottlenecks, and comparing alternative solutions. The model provides a practical decision-support tool to strengthen strategies for efficient, socially responsible, and environmentally sound transport infrastructure. This research advances the theoretical foundations and demonstrates the practical value of Petri nets as an enabling methodology for modeling the intricate dynamics of sustainable transport corridors. This paper demonstrates how E-Nets provide a visual and quantitative representation of transport operations, enabling stakeholders to identify inefficiencies and potential improvements. This paper discusses the theoretical underpinnings of the E-Net modeling of transport corridors, the advantages and limitations of its application, and suggests avenues for future research to enhance the model’s predictive power and real-world application. The paper concludes that the E-Net approach is a scalable, adaptable tool that can significantly con-tribute to the sustainable development of international transport corridors, providing a framework for continuous improvement in alignment with global sustainability objectives.

EAEU international transport corridors in the sustainable development of a regional economy

The International Transport Corridors (ITC) have traditionally addressed the challenges of inter-state integration and the creation of trade and economic partnerships at the global and national levels. Moreover, regional growth is only possible in the case of the development of ITCs as a multi-level system, in whose «zone of attraction» the economy of a Russian subject can increase external economic potential. As a result, the solution of this task requires a holistic approach to the development of transport plans, and transport sections of the strategies for socio-economic development of the Russian subjects, which is the purpose of the article. The scientific novelty of the results is achieved by setting the task - to substantiate the potential of ITCs in providing a sustainable type of regional development, the differentiation of sectoral and territorial directions of ITCs influencing the regional economy, proposed characteristics of the potential (diversification of development objectives, «an attractiveness zone of an ITC», infrastructure projects), which have to be included into an ITC as an economic system providing a targeted type of regional dynamics.

Intelligent transport systems for green transformation of transport corridor

The sustainable evolution of international transport corridors is imperative to meet the dual challenges of growing global transportation demands and pressing environmental concerns. This paper delves into the potential of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) as a transformative tool to achieve the green objectives set for international transport corridors. Drawing from systems theory, in the paper a mathematical framework to model the nexus between conventional transport mechanisms and green transformation goals is proposed. Paper describes taxonomy of main directions for ITS oriented on green transformation of transport corridor and roadmap of such transformation.

МЕСТО И РОЛЬ МАЛОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В ОПТОВОЙ ТОРГОВЛЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ КОНСОЛИДАЦИИ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКОГО РЫНКА

The digital age provides industries with innovative tools, inevitably transforming traditional business processes into new models. Over the past two decades, trade has undergone significant changes, going from family-format chain stores to eco-systems aimed at making profits for investors, radically changing the business goals and objectives of trade organizations. The possibilities of functioning and maintaining the competitiveness of wholesale trade enterprises belonging to small business entities in the context of total globalization require separate study. The authors investigated the role of wholesale trade of small businesses in modern conditions. The specifics of the product being sold are indicated, which allows the functioning of these trading enterprises in the paradigm of fierce competition from medium and large businesses. The functions of wholesale trade of small businesses are defined, including in conditions of unstable geopolitics and disruption of logistics chains. The social role of wholesale trade related to small business entities in the consumer market is formulated. The prospects for the development of wholesale trade of small businesses within the framework of the implementation of state programs at the national and regional levels, as well as in the process of implementing international logistics projects (international transport corridors) are substantiated.

Forecasting water traffic of the north-south transport corridor on the territory of the Russian Federation using simulation modelling

The paper defines the structure and importance of the international North-South transport corridor. The types and points of routes that run through the territory of Russia have been identified. These routes include road, rail and water. The main water route and its branches have been identified. Examples of the content of water traffic along the Volga River have been given. A parametric model of vessel movement has been developed, being the basis for the simulation of water routes. As examples, fragments of diagrams of the state of ships movement in the section from Nizhny Novgorod to Kazan have been provided. Such diagrams are part of a simulation model that allows implementing different scenarios for the organization of navigation in particular areas.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ НАВИГАЦИОННЫХ ПЛОМБ ПРИ ТРАНЗИТНЫХ ПЕРЕВОЗКАХ ПО ТЕРРИТОРИИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

One of the key areas for improving the activities of customs authorities in accordance with the Development Strategy of the Customs Service of the Russian Federation until 2030 [16] is the development of international transit, including the use of intelligent navigation seals, and competitive foreign trade transport and logistics infrastructure. Electronic seal is a modern tool for creating international transport corridors through the territory of the Russian Federation. With the help of such a seal, a unified transport infrastructure is created. Electronic navigation seal can ensure non-stop movement of goods and seamless border crossing. In this regard, it is necessary to create conditions for minimizing threats to the economic and national security of the state when implementing the customs procedure of customs transit through the introduction and use of an electronic navigation seal in the conditions of expanding its use to a larger number of groups of goods. The article discusses the basics of using electronic navigation seals during transit transportation across the territory of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of the study, proposals were made to solve problems associated with the use of electronic navigation seals during transit transportation of goods across the territory of the Russian Federation.

Fostering Economic Growth and Global Trade through Digitalized International Transport Corridors: Examining the Role of the eTIR Convention in the Proposed China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railways for Uzbekistan's Development

Fostering Economic Growth and Global Trade through Digitalized International Transport Corridors: Examining the Role of the eTIR Convention in the Proposed China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railways for Uzbekistan's Development

Modernization of the infrastructure of a river station of the north-south transport corridor using the simulation method

The paper presents the main fragments of the simulation model of a river port on the water section of the international transport corridor passing through the territory of the Russian Federation. The necessity of modernization and improvement of the infrastructure has been substantiated, the factors influencing the carrying capacity of the water corridor have been identified. A study of the river station in the city of Cheboksary in Republic of Chuvashia (Russia) was carried out and its main objects were presented. The rules for the interaction of the objects being the basis of the simulation model, have been established. The resulting model allows generating scenarios for predicting changes in the characteristics of a river station, ship schedules, assessing the quality of the implementation of processes and the level of managerial decision-making.

Project for the development of the Eurasian transport framework in the countries of Central Asia

The paper puts the importance of an international transport corridor for the Republic of Kazakhstan. Two directions of railway communication within the latitudinal Central Eurasian Corridor have been identified. A technique has been developed for applying simulation modeling to identify the bottlenecks on the way of railway flows. Bottlenecks include the intersections of vehicular and pedestrian traffic with rail traffic. In such places, conflicting flows are formed, which may be accompanied by a merger of individual flows. Using the methods of structural analysis, synthesis, system analysis and step-by-step inclusion (or exclusion), the input parameters of simulation models of objects and processes have been established for the case study of Aktobe city in the Republic of Kazakhstan. A graphical model of the behavior of groups of objects for conflicting flows in bottlenecks has been developed, being the basis for the simulation model.