International Scientific Projects Research Articles

Столетие Гражданской войны в России и историческая память

The article dwells on the results of the reflection on the history of the Russian Civil War in view of its centenary. The paper describes the most significant Russian and international scientific projects and works as well as the dialogue of historians at scientific conferences. In addition, it characterizes the current conceptual understanding of the Civil War in Russia as a series of wars, various kinds of armed and other struggles, as a unique global phenomenon in the diversity of military, political, economic, class-related, socio-cultural, cultural and religious, spiritual and moral, national and interethnic processes, conflicts and divisions, as well as domestic and international clashes and confrontations. Further, the close and inseverable link between the Civil War and the Allied intervention is emphasized. The paper analyses the problems of historical memory about the Civil War and battles for its memory in Russia, which are strongly related not only to the events of a hundred years ago, but also to the present day. Further, it demonstrates how the issues of historical memory and Russian state policy on the war’s memory are interpreted in other countries and what efforts the latter are making to manipulate the minds of Russians and their own citizens for the benefit of their current policy on Russia. The paper shows that foreign authors and publishers are trying to absolve the West from responsibility for the military intervention in Russia, its northern region in particular. Some foreign authors are keen to give false interpretations to the history of the concentration camp on Mudyug Island that was established by the interventionists, as well as distort the events of the armed confrontation in the North and, thereby, the role and purpose of the Yurievsky Frontier Memorial that has in recent years been created in the Railway Front Military Historical Park.

India’s Role in Promoting International Cooperation in the Arctic

Abstract. India, despite having no access to the Arctic Ocean, during the 20th century showed increasing interest in the Arctic and sent its scientists to the region. In 1928, Indian scientist Bibhuti Bhushan Banerjee was invited on an expedition to Wrangel Island in the Arctic, where he spent about 3 years and collected a lot of data on the local flora and fauna. Today, India is actively involved in international scientific research projects in the Arctic on climate and biodiversity. India is also interested in developing trade and economic ties with Arctic nations. It has changed its approach towards the Arctic and is trying to find opportunities to take the place of countries that have suspended cooperation with the Russian Federation in the Arctic region. India is also interested in exploring and exploiting Arctic resources such as oil and gas due to technological advancements in Arctic exploration. India’s growing interest in the Arctic could lead to a change in the composition of players in the region and a realignment of economic, scientific, and technological ties between India and Russia.

Северный морской путь: прошлое, настоящее, будущее. Итоги международного научного мегапроекта

The author characterizes the idea, concept, implementation process and results of the international scientific project devoted to the history, modernity and prospects of the Northern Sea Route devel-opment, which resulted in a collective monograph published in 2022. The content and structure of this publication are presented, its participants, scientists from four European countries, are indicated. The au-thor examines how this book reveals the most significant milestones of the historical past of this maritime communication, starting with the development of navigation in the European part of the Arctic and the emergence of the idea of the possibility of passage between Europe and Asia, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean along the Eurasian northern coast of Russia, which was called the Northeast Passage. The research compares the results of scientific investigations and search for a through passage from Europe to Asia by this waterway, as well as exploration of its parts and organization of navigation. The author characterizes the transformation of the Northeast Passage into the Northern Sea Route and the organization of its permanent operation and through navigation in the 20th century. The article analyzes the contradictory trends in the development of the Northern Sea Route in the beginning of the 21st century, as well as possible scenarios for its future. The article also reveals the process of studying the history of the Northeast Passage/Northern Sea Route over several centuries and identifies the most significant studies published in Russia and abroad.

India’s Arctic Agenda and the Potential for Indo-Russian Cooperation in the Arctic

India, despite having no access to the Arctic Ocean, during the 20th century showed increasing interest in the Arctic and sent its scientists to the region. In 1928, Indian scientist Bibhuti Bhushan Banerjee was invited on an expedition to Wrangel Island in the Arctic, where he spent about 3 years and collected a lot of data on the local flora and fauna. Today, India is actively involved in international scientific research projects in the Arctic on climate and biodiversity. India is also interested in developing trade and economic ties with Arctic nations. It has changed its approach towards the Arctic and is trying to find opportunities to take the place of countries that have suspended cooperation with the Russian Federation in the Arctic region. India is also interested in exploring and exploiting Arctic resources such as oil and gas due to technological advancements in Arctic exploration. India’s growing interest in the Arctic could lead to a change in the composition of players in the region and a realignment of economic, scientific and technological ties between India and Russia.

Large-scale research infrastructure projects: A conceptual review for science policy and management.

This article reviews 'large-scale research infrastructures' work and other relevant literature from the science policy and management domains. Through a systematic literature review, the study identifies that there are no firm inclusion or exclusion criteria for a large-scale research infrastructure. The findings identify the need for filling this knowledge gap to support future analyses for large-scale research infrastructures to help scientists and science policymakers understand, plan, and evaluate their own work. A refined version of one of the concepts examined in this article, the 'large international science project', provides the most fruitful starting point.

You are remembered by grateful memory, Mr. Betancourt

The article covers the life and certain episodes of the activities of Augustin Betancourt (1758–1814), an outstanding engineer, scientist, architect, teacher, and statesman of Spain and Russia, in Russia. Arriving in Russia at the personal invitation of Emperor Alexander I, and being in the Russian service from 1808 to 1824, A. Betancourt left a notable mark in the history of engineering and construction, in the development of industry and transport of the Russian Empire, and formation of engineering education in the country. Based on the sources, including those of the XIX century, the article provides information on the main projects implemented by him in Russia, offers characteristics of the relations between Augustin Betancourt and Emperor Alexander I, and other statesmen of that epoch, and reveals some personal and psychological peculiarities of behaviour of the engineer and scientist. An attempt is made to study the reasons for the tsar’s disfavour of Augustin Betancourt and his resignation from government posts. The article describes the conspicuous merits of A. Betancourt, his contribution to speeding up the industrial revolution in Russia, gives the main facts related to the special role of the scientists of Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University (PGUPS),the successor of the Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers (IKIPS), organised by Betancourt, and the Betancourt’s Legacy International Scientific and Educational Project held since 2015 and the annual Betancourt International Engineering Forums dedicated to the development of higher engineering education in the world. This article is dedicated to the memory of Augustin Betancourt and is published in the year of the 200th anniversary of his passing on July 26 (14), 1824.

WMO Typhoon Landfall Forecast Demonstration Project (2010–22): A Decade of Transition from Track Forecasts to Impact Forecasts

Abstract The Typhoon Landfall Forecast Demonstration Project (TLFDP) (2010–22) was an international cooperative scientific project conducted under the framework of the WMO. The primary objectives of the TLFDP were to enhance the capability of tropical cyclone (TC) forecasters and support related decision-makers in effective utilization of the most advanced forecasting techniques for the ultimate purpose of reducing and preventing disasters associated with TC landfall. Forty agencies/organizations/projects globally participated in the activities of the TLFDP following its inception in 2010, although the primary focus was on landfalling TCs in the western North Pacific. The TLFDP facilitated collaborations and workshops that realized notable achievements in four key areas: 1) the collection, production, and sharing of TC data; 2) the development and application of TC forecast verification metrics; 3) research on TC forecast skill; and 4) development of new techniques for TC forecasting. An obvious outcome was the shift from prediction of TC features, including track and intensity, toward prediction of TC impacts with more probabilistic conception. The final years of the project also promoted increasing application of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques in various techniques for analysis and forecasting of TCs. Although the TLFDP ended in 2022, its core activities have continued to be extended through new WMO projects and regional cooperative initiatives.

Towards the history of the Russian-Swedish grade measurement expedition in the Svalbard Archipelago (1899–1901): an analysis of the scientific legacy of academician F. N. Chernyshev

Based on the topical and chronological analysis of archival sources and publications of a prominent Russian geologist, Academician F. N. Chernyshev (1856–1914), his scientific and organizational activities associated with the exploration of little-known territories of the North and the Arctic in the late 19ʰᵗ – early 20ʰᵗ century are reviewed. In particular, the article analyzes the documents regarding the role of F. N. Chernyshev in the organization of the Russian-Swedish Grade Measurement Expedition in the Svalbard Archipelago in 1899–1901. Chernyshev’s contribution to the preparation and implementation of this international scientific project is pictured, based on the documents from his personal fonds and those of the Academy of Sciences’ Commission for Grade Measurement in the Islands of Svalbard, stored in the St. Petersburg Branch of the RAS Archive. The study focuses on Chernyshev’s expeditionary diaries that are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Based on these documents, the Expedition’s route and the course of its scientific research are analyzed and the scientists’ working conditions during the trips to the archipelago are shown. The published works by F. N. Chernyshev and his companions were used as additional sources. It is concluded that Chernyshev’s scientific legacy is an important part of the history of the Russian-Swedish Expedition to the Svalbard Archipelago as well as a valuable source for the studies of Russian exploration of the Arctic territories at the turn of the 20ʰᵗ century.

Fracture network characterisation of the Balmuccia peridotite using drone-based photogrammetry, implications for active-seismic site survey for scientific drilling

The presence of discontinuities (e.g. faults, fractures, veins, layering) in crystalline rocks can be challenging for seismic interpretations because the wide range of their size, orientation, and intensity, which controls the mechanical properties of the rock and elastic wave propagation, resulting in equally varying seismic responses at different scales. The geometrical characterisation of adjacent outcrop discontinuity networks allows a better understanding of the nature of the subsurface rocks and aids seismic interpretation. In this study, we characterise the discontinuity network of the Balmuccia peridotite (BP) in the Ivrea–Verbano Zone (IVZ), northwestern Italy. This geological body is the focus of the Drilling the Ivrea–Verbano zonE (DIVE), an international continental scientific drilling project, and two active seismic surveys, SEismic imaging of the Ivrea ZonE (SEIZE) and high-resolution SEIZE (Hi-SEIZE), which aim to resolve the subsurface structure of the DIVE drilling target through high-resolution seismic imaging. For fracture characterisation, we developed two drone-based digital outcrop models (DOMs) at two different resolutions (10−3–10 m and 10−1–103 m), which allowed us to quantitatively characterise the orientation, size, and intensity of the main rock discontinuities. These properties affect the seismic velocity and consequently the interpretation of the seismic data. We found that (i) the outcropping BP discontinuity network is represented by three more sets of fractures with respect to those reported in the literature; (ii) the discontinuity sizes follow a power-law distribution, indicating similarity across scales, and (iii) discontinuity intensity is not uniformly distributed along the outcrop. Our results help to explain the seismic behaviour of the BP detected by the SEIZE survey, suggesting that the low P-wave velocities observed can be related to the discontinuity network, and provide the basic topological parameters (orientation, density, distribution, and aperture) of the fracture network unique to the BP. These, in turn, can be used for interpretation of the Hi-SEIZE seismic survey and forward modelling of the seismic response.

Tumor tissue samples collection for scientific research in morphology and molecular oncology

Purpose of the study. Is to describe the experience of creating a collection of biological images of tumor tissues and biomaterials, which are control samples, for scientific research in morphology and molecular oncology.Materials and methods. We studied the molecular markers of cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, oncogenesis and angiogenesis, the expression of proteins that regulate inflammation and tumor infiltrate cells in biocollections of verified tumors of common localizations: e. g. thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate adenocarcinoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Also, tissue fragments with normal structure or non-tumor pathology (autoimmune thyroiditis, adenomatous and thyrotoxic goiter, benign formations of the colon, fibrocystic disease of the mammary glands, benign prostatic hyperplasia, endometrial hyperplasia) were used as control samples or comparison groups. The total number of tissue samples is n = 7000.Results. It is reasonable to gather the collection in a pathomorphological laboratory according to the profile of the medical institutions, which has a sufficient volume of incoming target material and specialized morphologists to verify tumors of a given localization. It is necessary to consider the regional and ethnic specifics of the population, which determines the sampling and mutational load. The laboratory must initiate an addition to the informed consent of patients about the possibility of conducting morphological and molecular genetic studies for scientific purposes and publishing their results in a depersonalized form for the development of new elaborations, when signing the contracts with legal entities and individuals and when serving patients within an institution. When working with biocollections, it has to consider having registers of tissue biomaterials of target disorder groups of main localizations with downloading by year from an accessible information system, consider external factors affecting the database (changes in clinical recommendations and classifications, the population of patients served, pandemics and other significant events). The standard of the preanalytical stage, data collection, development of protocols for analytical molecular genetic studies and their evaluation, the utilization of the capabilities of working with reagents for scientific tasks and modeling experiments on laboratory animals are crucial.Conclusion. The formed biocollection made it possible to carry out a number of initiative and funded domestic and international scientific projects at the request of clinicians and fundamental researchers, as well as to improve the quality standards of morphological and molecular genetic oncology diagnostics. Biobanking makes the pathological archive more accessible for review and use, significantly expanding its scientific and practical potential. Scientific and medical research do not conflict and can be used within the same laboratory.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Preliminary risk assessment of in-vessel leakage accident in ITER

The ITER project is one of the largest international cooperative scientific projects in the world, aiming to verify the feasibility of magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion technology and provide a technical basis for the subsequent construction of fusion energy power stations. The success or failure of ITER will greatly affect the commercialization process of fusion energy. The probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) was a powerful means to evaluate the risk and reliability of nuclear facility and achieved great success in safety assessment of fission power plants. Based on this, the PSA progress for ITER was proposed in this paper. And the in-vessel leakage accident was investigated to verify the effectiveness of proposed method. The result shows the maximum possible radiological consequences of ITER in-vessel leakage accident of ITER is 1.6E−3 mSv, and the frequencies of this consequence is 1.63E−8/year. The reason of this consequence was also discussed in this paper. Those result could provide some valuable reference for radiation risk assessment and safety supervision of fusion commercial reactor in the nuclear future.

Social and Psychological Long-Term Consequences of NMDA Receptor Encephalitis (SAPIENCE) - from patients’ views to patient-centred care

Background and target population: NMDA receptor encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disease with severe neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms but typically a good functional neurological outcome. Nevertheless, most patients suffer long-term cognitive, psychological, and social impairments that have a significant impact on their well-being and occupational or educational activities-this is of particular concern given the young age of patients (median 21 years). However, because the disease was only recently discovered (2007), these psychosocial effects have not been systematically studied and the resulting impact on patients is not adequately appreciated. The SAPIENCE study is an international scientific project funded by the European Joint Program that aims to characterize the long-term cognitive and psychosocial consequences of this rare disease. The leader of the consortium is Prof. Carsten Finke, Charite Berlin. The Polish team, coordinated by Prof. Donata Kurpas, is responsible for the development of standard protocols, monitoring and training of staff in the study centers where the data are collected, and the corresponding qualitative data analysis.
 Study Design/Methods: Patients will be extensively studied at three European study sites in three consecutive project levels. Stage 1 includes in-depth on-site interviews and focus groups (n=30). Stage 2 develops a semi-structured short-form interview and includes on-site neuropsychological testing (n=150). Stage 3 includes an international online survey of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), patient-reported experience measures (PREMs), and disease progression information (n=300). Stages 1-3 will support each other in developing structured interviews, survey questions, and treatment guidelines.
 Results/Outcomes: At Level 1, we will identify themes and narratives that influence patients' quality of life and their experience of coping with the disease. At Level 2, we will identify neuropsychological outcomes in the largest cohort of NMDAR encephalitis patients in the world to date, including executive function, memory, and spatial navigation performance, which have been identified as key areas of impairment. At Level 3, we will examine subjective outcomes and individual predictors of post-acute disease progression.
 Based on Stages 1-3, we will develop international consensus guidelines for post-acute care of NMDARE patients.
 Impact: This project is the first to bridge the gap between standardized assessment and individual patient experience in the long-term follow-up of patients with autoimmune encephalitis. By incorporating the patient perspective into medical decision-making, current and future NMDAR encephalitis patients will benefit from the implementation of the diagnostic and treatment guidelines developed in this project for patient-centered post-acut

Immune persistence of an inactivated poliovirus vaccine derived from the Sabin strain: a 10-year follow-up of a phase 3 study

In a previous phase 3 clinical trial, we showed that an inactivated poliovirus vaccine derived from the Sabin strain (sIPV) can induce neutralising antibodies against currently circulating and reference wild poliovirus strains. However, the immune persistence of sIPV remains to be evaluated. In this study, 400 participants who were eligible for an early phase 3 clinical trial (Jan 1, 2012-Aug 31, 2014) in Pingle County, GuanXi Province, China, were initially involved in one site. Of the participants in the previous phase 3 clinical trial, sera of 287, 262, 237, and 207 participants were sampled at the ages of 4, 6, 8, and 10 years, respectively, after the prime-boost regimen. Neutralising antibodies against attenuated Sabin strains were detected using these serum samples to determine immune persistence. The serum neutralising antibodies titre of 1:8 against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 is considered to be a seroprotection level for polio. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01510366. The protective rates against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 in the sIPV group were all 100% at 10 years after the booster immunisation, compared with 98.1%, 100%, and 97.1%, respectively, in the wIPV control group after 10 years. After the booster at 18 months, the geometric mean titres (GMTs) of neutralising antibodies against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 in the sIPV group were 13,265.6, 7856.7, and 6432.2, respectively, and the GMTs in the control group (inoculated with inactivated poliovirus vaccine derived from wild strain (wIPV)) were 3915.6, 2842.6, and 4982.7, respectively. With increasing time after booster immunisation, the GMTs of neutralising antibodies against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 gradually decreased in both the sIPV and wIPV groups. At the age of ten years, the GMTs of neutralising antibodies against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 in the sIPV group were 452.3, 392.8, and 347.5, respectively, and the GMTs in the wIPV group 108.5, 154.8, and 229.3, respectively, which were still at a higher-than-protective level (1:8). Both sIPV and wIPV maintained sufficiently high immune persistence against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 for at least 10 years after booster immunisation. Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the National High-tech Research and Development Program, the National International Science and Technology Cooperation Project, the Yunnan Application Basic Research Project, the Innovation Team Project of Xie He, the Yunnan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Project, and the Medical and Technology Innovation Project of Xie He.

International scientific and technical cooperation with Russia's participation in the space sphere under sanctions: results and prospects

The article analyzes the anti-Russian sanctions regime imposed by Europe and the United States in the field of space cooperation. As a result, space became involved in a geopolitical confrontation, which was not observed during the Cold War. The purpose of the article is to understand the features and consequences of the sanctions regime in relation to international scientific and economic cooperation with Russia's participation in the space sphere. The article claims that the sanctions regime in the space sphere of international cooperation is characterized by specifics. It consists in supplementing Western sanctions with measures that Russia has taken on its part to withdraw from some international scientific and technical projects. Special attention was paid to the study of the negative consequences of sanctions, which consist in complicating the synergy of efforts so necessary to make a cardinal breakthrough in the space sphere in the interests of all mankind. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization were used. This made it possible to move from diverse empirical data to theoretical generalizations about the nature and models of sanctions regimes against the Russian space industry and space science. In addition to this, a comparative approach was used, as well as a modeling method and a forecasting method. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that in it the event analysis of the confrontation in the context of the "sanctions – counter-sanctions" bundle is built in the context of the theory of sanctions in the field of science and technology. In addition, the problems of Western sanctions in relation to Russia's participation in international cooperation are shown against the background of an objective trend of fragmentation of international cooperation in the field of space. The main conclusion of the work is the position on the radicalism of Europe in severing ties with Russia and the cautious approach of the United States. It is demonstrated that considering the current situation through the prism of the concept of scientific and technical isolation of Russia in the space sphere is an exaggeration. The study showed that the damage caused by sanctions and counter-sanctions in relation to the Russian space industry, as well as in relation to world cosmonautics and space science is not catastrophic. At the same time, the current situation stimulates Russia's proactive scientific and technical policy at the national and international levels.

TRIBUTE TO THE LIFE OF ACADEMICIAN NAN OF UKRAINE, EVGENIY SHNYUKOV

This article is devoted to the life and activities of Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Academition NAN of Ukraine Evgeniy Shnyukov. Professor Shnyukov was a world-famous Soviet and Ukrainian scientist, founder of the discipline of marine geology in Ukraine, and Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. He was born on March 26, 1930 in the city of Arkhangelsk, located at the mouth of the Northern Dvina River, and he passed away on November 1, 2022 in Kyiv at the age of 93. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and a highly honored researcher, having been twice a laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in the field of science and technology. His scientific interests were extremely wide and were covered by more than 700 publications. He was the first among geologists to come to the conclusion that, as a maritime state, Ukraine was obligated to develop marine geological research. Akademician Shnyukov promoted the exploration of marine geology at Odessa I. I. Mechnikov State University, constantly and fruitfully working with scientists of the Department of General and Marine Geology as its chief scientific consultant. With great respect, he spoke about our successes and treated the staff of the department and students with great warmth. His integral feature was that he treated great scientists and young employees with equal respect. He loved Odessa very much, called it his “Little Motherland,” and often visited to conduct joint expeditions in the Black Sea and along its coast as part of joint domestic and international scientific projects. He also organized international scientific conferences. In 1992, by decision of the Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Department of Marine Geology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was established, with E. F. Shnyukov appointed as its head. Until his last breath, Shnyukov worked tirelessly to confirm the status of Ukraine as a maritime state and to provide it, through research, with energy resources and raw materials. The scientific achievements of Akademician Shnyukov include his founding of a new direction in the field of sedimentary ore formation – the metallogeny of mud volcanism – with which he contributed to the expansion of the mineral and raw material base of Ukraine. In fact, he is the “father” of marine metallogeny. An outstanding and talented scientist, a person full of vital optimism, a sense of humor, benevolence, sensitivity, and an outstanding personality – Evgeniy Shnyukov will forever remain in the hearts of his friends and colleagues, as well as everyone who knew him, communicated and worked with him, respected him, and loved him.

THE ROLE OF LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN THE GLOBALIZATION PROCESS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The article substantiates the expediency of globalization of higher education institutions andthe role of foreign language learning in this process. Four main justifications for globalization areoutlined: academic, socio-cultural, political and economic. Current trends in the internationalization ofhigher education in European countries have been identified, and aspects of the institute’s activitiesrelated to the development and implementation of the globalization strategy have been investigated.Factors determining its successful implementation and factors hindering this process are determined. Theimpact of globalization on the competitiveness of Ukrainian universities and the professional risksassociated with a low level of language proficiency are described. The role of the institute’s languagepolicy in the implementation of the internationalization strategy is defined. The regulatory and legaldocumentation in the field of development and reform of higher education is studied. The prerequisitesfor reforming the English language teaching methodology are considered. The method of globalization ofhigher education in foreign language classes is proposed. It is concluded that the process of globalization,the main goal of which is to improve the quality of education and scientific activity, has become thestrategic direction of higher educational institutions. In this regard, considerable attention is paid tosupporting the provision of pedagogical conditions for the formation of all intercultural competences ofstudents. The results of the empirical study indicate that the key areas of activity of universities in thecontext of internationalization are the development of students’ academic knowledge, mobility, creationof joint educational programs with foreign universities, development of international scientific activity. Itis found that the main factors that stimulate these processes are the development and monitoring of theimplementation of the globalization strategy. The problems of implementing this strategy, as before, areof a financial nature and are associated with a low level of foreign language proficiency and insufficientmotivation of students and teachers to participate in academic mobility programs and internationalscientific projects.

Maputo, the divided city: fragmentation and (re)qualification

Maputo - the Mozambican capital - has expanded itself vertiginously in the midst of the late independence process (1975). Its population has been multiplied about twelve times during the decades from 1950 to 2020, reaching more than 1.1 million inhabitants. The political, commercial, and financial center of the country, the urban fabric of the capital is the stage for complex processes of economic growth and spatial segregation triggered in recent decades. The central region, known locally as the "cement city", concentrates on modern and widely diversified infrastructures. Squares and parks, luxury condos surrounded by modern offices, international standard hotels, shopping, and a set of pharaonic constructions - built at a cost of billions - set the landscape tone of progress induced and concentrated in favor of a small elite. However, beyond this "stronghold", around 92% of the population lives in the peripheral part of Maputo, popularly known as the "reed city". These, however, are located in very precarious housing, produced informally by the residents themselves, and subjected to the complete absence of infrastructure and public services. These issues contribute directly to the fact that Mozambique has the ninth-worst Human Development Index (HDI) on the planet. In this way, the present article - elaborated from fieldwork, interdisciplinary discussions and dialogues undertaken within the scope of an international scientific project between universities in Brazil and Mozambique - seeks to present and interpret the set of urban connections that make Maputo a fragmented and complex city, full of continuous socio-territorial transformations in which multiple clashes emerge linked to segregation, gentrification, real estate speculation, among others.

Диссертационный совет САФУ 24.2.394.01: на пути к новым горизонтам

This article dwells on the academic and teaching activities of Vladimir A. Karelin (born 1952), a well-known teacher and historian who has studied the history of Russian-Norwegian relations. The main stages in his life are described, key areas and results of his research are characterized. V.A. Karelin is a prominent specialist on the history of Russia of the 19th and 20th centuries and the history of Russian-Norwegian relations. He has participated in a large number of international scientific projects with colleagues from the universities of Groningen (The Netherlands) and Tromsø (Norway), which resulted in the publication of study guides, scholarly articles, and a monograph on Svalbard. Moreover, he initiated the creation of the Barents Faculty at Murmansk State Pedagogical Institute (currently, Murmansk Arctic State University), which successfully carried out scientific, publishing and educational programmes aimed at developing international cooperation within the Barents Region.

К 70-летию нордиста Владимира Анатольевича Карелина

This article dwells on the academic and teaching activities of Vladimir A. Karelin (born 1952), a well-known teacher and historian who has studied the history of Russian-Norwegian relations. The main stages in his life are described, key areas and results of his research are characterized. V.A. Karelin is a prominent specialist on the history of Russia of the 19th and 20th centuries and the history of Russian-Norwegian relations. He has participated in a large number of international scientific projects with colleagues from the universities of Groningen (the Netherlands) and Tromsø (Norway), which resulted in the publication of study guides, scholarly articles, and a monograph on Svalbard. Moreover, he initiated the creation of the Barents Faculty at Murmansk State Pedagogical Institute (currently, Murmansk Arctic State University), which successfully carried out scientific, publishing and educational programmes aimed at developing international cooperation within the Barents Region.

Міжнародна наукова діяльність як елемент реалізації основних оперативних функцій охорони громадського здоров’я

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines 10 essential functions of public health. The aim of the work was to analyze the implementation of international scientific projects on the main operational functions of public health of the WHO. The State Institution “O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” is a scientific institution in Ukraine that deals with the issues of primary prevention of diseases, determination of the negative impact of environmental and social factors of the human life environment on the health of the population and the development of preventive measures. A list of the agreements on cooperation between the State Institution “Marzieiev Institute for Public Health, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” with the international organizations is presented, 16 scientific projects have been completed within these agreements. The above materials demonstrate a high interest of the international community in the implementation of preventive projects. The experience in the implementation of the international scientific projects has made it possible to represent the State Institution “O.M. Marzeiev Institute for Public Health, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" at the international level, the specialists of the institution are the members of many international organizations and the experts of the committees of the WHO, the IAEA and others.