Internal Logistics System Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Research and Development in the Field of Transport and Space Systems in Russia: Analysis of Publication Activity

The aim of the study. Federal target program “Research and development in priority areas of development of the scientific and technological complex of Russia for 2014-2021” defines transport and space systems as a priority area of strategic importance for the country’s economy. The aim of the work is to study the state of research and development in the field of study and development of transport and space systems based on performance analysis, as well as to compare the effectiveness of scientific activities of educational organizations of higher education and scientific organizations in this area.Materials and methods. The information base of the study was statistical data and analytical information reflecting the state of research and development in the field of study and development of transport and space systems. The methodological base of the study is statistical methods of information analysis: analysis of variance, testing of statistical hypotheses, non-parametric criteria for comparing samples, analysis of time series, structural analysis.Results and discussion. The article reflects the results of the Institute for the Study of Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences monitoring the scientific potential of organizations conducting research and development in the priority area of scientific and technological development “Connectedness of the territory of the Russian Federation through the creation of intelligent transport and telecommunication systems, as well as the occupation and retention of leadership positions in the creation of international transport and logistics systems, the development and use of outer space and air space, the World Ocean, the Arctic and Antarctic”. This publication, in particular, analyzes the effectiveness of research and development in the priority area “Transport and space systems”.As a result of the analysis, conclusions were drawn about the main directions and trends of research and development in the field of studying and developing transport and space systems in Russia for the period 2015-2019. With the help of methods of dispersion analysis, nonparametric criteria, etc., a comparison was made of the effectiveness of scientific activity of educational organizations of higher education and scientific organizations.The analysis showed that international publishing analytical systems occupy a greater weight in the volume of publications compared to the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI).Researchers of educational organizations of higher education have 5 times more publications than employees of scientific organizations, which can be explained by overestimated requirements for positions of faculty and the formation of “garbage” articles. In terms of citation, 2017 was the most successful year for Russian researchers in the field of transport and space systems. At the same time, the citation of researchers from educational organizations was 3-3.5 times higher in international publications and twice as high in RSCI publications. Scientific organizations in the field of scientific, design, technological works show much greater effectiveness and efficiency compared to educational institutions of higher education. For the period 2015-2019 a trend towards a decrease in the results of intellectual activity was revealed for all organizations under consideration.The analysis also showed the low performance of small innovative enterprises in this priority area for the period 2015-2019. In Russia, they have not received proper development. Dispersion analysis, testing of statistical hypotheses using nonparametric methods made it possible to compare the results of the activities of scientific organizations and organizations of higher education.Conclusions. Thus, one of the ways to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of science in Russia can be attributed to the revival of the system of research institutes, the activities of which would be aimed at meeting the specific scientific needs of the state.

Research on the automation of internal logistics activities in an assembly line

The need for automation and digitization has led to a rapid evolution of internal logistics processes and systems. This paper presents the automation mode logistics activities in an assembly line, by integrating a robotic arm. For the integration of the robotic arm, several steps are followed, consisting in designing the assembly line and the robotic arm using the Process Simulate software, simulating the operation of the line for different scenarios for integrating the robotic arm and analysing them. The study is completed with the realization in the laboratory of the assembly line with automated logistics activities. At the end of the project, it is desired to use the automated assembly line in the university environment, for the formation of students' competencies in the field of use of digital techniques and industrial logistics.

МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОІГСТИЧНИЙ БІЗНЕС В СИСТЕМІ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

The article analyzes the current trends of the international transport and logistics business in the system of international economic security. The development of the integration of the world economy and the globalization of business contribute to the creation of international logistics systems and global supply chains. The article highlights the main directions of increasing the efficiency of supply chain management and indicates the sources of increasing the efficiency of this process. The key negative aspects that prevent the effective functioning of international transport and logistics systems have been identified. A comparison is made between the traditional approach to production and the logistic approach, when the manufacturer starts production only when a specific order is received. The inventory management system of the seller is characterized. An overview of modern trends in the international transport and logistics business was carried out, in particular: increasing turnover while shortening delivery times, increasing investments in logistics startups by venture funds, customization, the use of multimodal transport and logistics centers, ecological logistics, etc. The main directions in which digital logistics centers can help logistics companies to achieve success are determined, in particular, it was determined that success will be achieved through the use of the method of «postponement» or «delayed product differentiation», the organization of e-commerce logistics, containerization, increasing the share of direct express deliveries from the producer to the consumer, bypassing intermediaries and intermediate warehouses, electronic exchange of data and various information, the growth of the agricultural machinery market, the use of multimodal transport and logistics centers, as well as clear planning of supply chains, flexibility, management of stocks and volumes. Also, a hypothesis was put forward about the emergence of a new term «logtech company», which includes not only the creation of new technologies, but also new logistics business models based on the joint use (shared use) of transportation.

ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГІСТИЧНА ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ УКРАЇНИ ЗІ СВІТОВОЮ ТРАНСПОРТНОЮ СИСТЕМОЮ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ПРИДНІПРОВСЬКОГО ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РАЙОНУ

The relevance of the study is supported by the fact that the domestic modern, developed transport and logistics system contributes to the extension of foreign trade relations and socio-economic progress of both individual regions and the country as a whole. The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of the transport and logistics system of the Dnieper River economic region and, using its case, formulate recommendations on the transport and logistics integration of Ukraine into the world transport system. The dynamics of freight transportation, transport and logistics system and transport infrastructure of the Dnieper economic region (the cases of Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts) are analyzed. An approach to the development of the domestic transport sector and recommendations for the transport and logistics integration of Ukraine with the world transport system are formed. It is determined that the creation of transport and logistics clusters as one of the main conditions for stimulating the socio-economic progress of the country, regions and individual enterprises is promising at the meso-level or at the level of the economic region. It is proved that the Dnieper economic region has sufficient transport and logistics infra- structure, which can be the basis for the creation of a regional transport and logistics cluster. The formation of such a transport and logistics cluster can be the foundation and model for the creation of similar clusters in other economic regions of Ukraine. The study notes that the optimal growth area of the transport sector of Ukraine is the creation of a multidisciplinary and multifunctional integrated transport and logistics system, which will ensure the integration of the domestic transport complex into international transport and logistics systems. The transport and logistics integration of Ukraine and the world transport system should be aimed at increasing transit through the country, which requires the development of logistics complexes within the country according to international standards, the organization of a system of national transport corridors of the appropriate level and thus the attraction of domestic and external (international) sources of financing. The above requires the development and implementation of measures aimed at protecting the national interests of Ukraine in the system of international transport corridors.

Development of methodological approaches to improve the export orientation of the country, taking into account transport

The article analyzes the issues of international trade and logistics systems. The problems of export-import interactions between countries and the problems of exports of finished products were identified. The study aims to create a ranking system for assessing the level of attractiveness of the export-oriented country involved in the industrial production. Based on the ranking system, an algorithm has been developed. This approach makes it possible to determine the attractiveness of countries by their economic indicators. The main conclusions that can be used by exporters and importers of transport services were drawn taking into account the economic indicators

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOGISTICS SECTOR OF UKRAINE

The article presents the study of the current state of the logistics sector of Ukraine, its problems and prospects for development. Based on the collected statistics, conclusions were made about the situation of the logistics market, the problems it faces and possible directions for further development. The purpose of the study is to show the situation of the modern logistics sector, its problems, as well as prospects for development by analyzing logistics expenditures, the share of export-import logistics services, and the positions of Ukraine in the rate of Logistic Performance Index. From the point of view of transport and logistics, Ukraine occupies a favorable geographical position, as its powerful transport potential takes into account road, rail, sea, river, air and pipeline transport. However, from the viewpoint of the global logistics market, Ukraine continues to be at a disadvantage, yielding to Western countries in conducting international trade in terms of logistics services. Such difference between the favorable geographical location and the insufficiently high level of development of the logistics system does not allow Ukraine to take a leading place in the global economy. In addition, in the context of globalization of international markets and expansion of economic development, the logistics sector of Ukraine needs more and more attention. Hence, only effective solutions can improve the situation. Otherwise, Ukraine risks to get into crisis. Problems of international transport and logistics systems functioning are revealed and the ways to improve the market of logistics services in Ukraine are proposed. Thus, it is more important nowadays to analyze the problems of this sector taking into consideration independent data and identify its prospects. Keywords: logistics sector, logistics market problems, global logistics market, import-export, logistics services.

Modeling of the two shuttle box system within the internal logistics system using simulation software

Abstract The efficiency and effectiveness of the production system are influenced by the logistical arrangement of material flows. The smooth production, especially for assembly lines in the required quantity and at the required time (JIT or JIS systems), is currently ensured by automatically controlled towing sets (logistics trains), which consist of a tractor and several trucks. Another factor that affects the smooth production of assembly lines is the system of controlling the circulation of transport units. The number of transport units used in combination with the transport system significantly affects the efficiency of assembly workplaces. This article presents an analysis of the supply of assembly workplaces using a system of two shuttle boxes. The aim of this article is to investigate the influence of transport speed and capacity on the smoothness of the assembly process. Within the described analysis, the transport of 50,000 components is analyzed using a simulation model, while the length of the transport route is 32 km and 65 transport units per shift are used.

INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT NETWORK ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

Abstract. For the network enterprises under research, the acquisition, organization of application of technologies, programmes, equipment which will improve economic, market, technical indicators, will provide the possibility to increase the general level of innovation has been suggested. To ensure the optimal selection, the use of innovative platforms for the selection of technologies, programmes, equipment has been proposed. Its application provides the possibility to identify the needs of innovative development of each of the enterprises under research and to develop individualized areas of innovation. The purpose of the article is to identify key problems of innovative development of Ukrainian network enterprises and to develop ways to improve its management on the basis of promising technologies. The methodology of assessing the state of innovative development of enterprises on the basis of four groups of indicators, namely the financial ones, the impact of innovative capacity on the level of international business development, staff composition, and logistics system, which has been implemented for five network structures on their primary information base, is presented. The expediency of adapting the Polish experience regarding the use of an innovative selection platform, which provides simulation modelling of the implementation of technologies and programmes, to the conditions and features of Ukrainian networks has been proved. Only network enterprises and their management system and innovative development were considered. The use of algorithms for commercialization of technologies, software that will allow the staff of research units of network structures to identify individualized needs of innovative development and develop individualized areas of innovation of the network structure, thus ensuring greater efficiency of innovation has been proposed. The results of the assessment made it possible to identify the main problems of innovation in network enterprises. Keywords: innovative development, simulation modelling, intellectualization, network interaction, network enterprises. JEL Classification O31, O32 Formulas: 0; fig.: 4; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 15.

An optimization approach to the scale of port cold-chain dedicated terminals considering uncertainties

As an important node of the international cold-chain logistics system, the special terminal for refrigerated ships is the core facility for cargo loading and unloading. To minimize the sum of construction costs and operating costs of dedicated cold-chain terminals, a stochastic programming model is established considering uncertainty of the type and time of arrival of refrigerated vessels and special requirements for cargo handling and storage, and the simulation optimization method based on tabu search is used to determine the optimal scale of cold-chain terminals. A case study on the port cold-chain system of an offshore fishery base is then presented to investigate the specific influence of uncertainties on the scale of cold-chain terminals. This provides a reference for scientific planning of cold-chain facilities and improving the efficiency of cold-chain systems in the sea–land exchange node.

Dynamics of outward FDI and productivity spillovers in logistics services industry: Evidence from China

China’s burgeoning connectivity and alignment with the international logistics system through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has powerful developmental implications for the domestic Logistics Services Industry (LSI). However, whether and to what extent the Outward FDI (OFDI) influences the domestic LSI remains an untapped research area. This study attempts to quantify the OFDI-induced productivity spillover effects in the context of China’s LSI by leveraging the most up-to-date data in conjunction with advanced econometric techniques. Our study reveals that the OFDI of logistics enterprises poses a distinctly positive impact on productivity growth in the logistics industry, and that this impact has been further strengthened since the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative. We also demonstrate a long-term bidirectional causality between the logistics enterprises' OFDI and the growth of productivity in the domestic LSI. It implies that enhancing global connectivity and supply chain collaborations requires an effective and efficient logistics operation and management, which in turn provides more opportunities to accrue positive productivity spillovers. The results remain robust with various datasets, specifications, and estimators. The study provides novel insights into the improvement of logistics efficiency through OFDI-facilitated technological spillovers and resource acquisition. With a better understanding of the implications and effectiveness of the Go-Global strategies, the findings can be leveraged as guidelines to assist in making informed decisions for the further development of domestic logistics, as well as for cross-border investments.

A brief review of the methods and techniques used in the innovative internal logistics processes and systems

In the last period, logistics knew a strong technological evolution that has changed the way it operates and determined its transformation into innovative logistics, especially in the case of internal logistics. Innovation in internal logistics processes and systems consists in the use of different Industry 4.0 and digitization technologies. So, it is necessary to use modern methods and techniques to support the transformation of internal logistics processes and systems into innovative ones. This paper presents an analysis of recent studies, briefly presenting the evolution of the concept of logistics, the concepts of process and logistics system and Industry 4.0. Also, the most common methods and techniques used in the realization of innovative internal logistics systems are presented and some conclusions are presented regarding their use.

Analysis on the Integration Path of “One Belt And One Road” International Railway Transportation Rules

With the rapid growth of Sino-European international trade and the ongoing development of “One Belt And One Road”, it can be predicted that the status of railway transportation in the international logistics system will be greatly enhanced, which urges us to further study the rules of international railway freight transportation. At present, the pattern of the rules system of international freight transport by railway is the two conventions of the international cargo association and the international cargo contract. In addition, the existing rules system of freight transport by railway in China also has some problems such as being too administrative, which needs to be reformed urgently. By comparing the contents of the two conventions of international railway freight transport and listing the possible conflicts in the substantive laws of various countries involved in the conventions, this paper designs a set of dispute settlement mechanism for “One Belt And One Road” railway transport, and puts forward some suggestions on the integration of the rules of “One Belt And One Road” international railway freight transport.

Prediction and estimation model of energy demand of the AMR with cobot for the designed path in automated logistics systems

The ecosystem of the Industry 4.0 involves many new technologies, such as autonomous mobile robots (AMR) and cobots (collaborative robots), these are characterized with higher flexibility and cost effectiveness which makes them more suitable for automated internal logistics systems. The evaluation of energy consumption of AMRs for a designed path in a real case scenario using analytical tools are challenging. This paper proposes a method of evaluation of the sustainability of new technologies of Industry 4.0 in internal logistics.The proposed framework demonstrates data management technique of the industrial robots. Since, the AMR with manipulator perform different tasks as a single system in logistics there is big demand to develop model of cyber physical system. During task execution measured robots’ physical parameters used as input data to perform analytics. Moreover, acquired data from different condition use cases have been used to monitor the battery behaviour of the AMR and preliminary results of the linear regression model is presented.

An ordered-fuzzy-numbers-driven approach to the milk-run routing and scheduling problem

Internal logistics systems aim at supplying the right materials at the right locations at the right time. This fact creates the need for the design of logistic-train-fleet-oriented, distributed and scalability-robust control policies ensuring deadlock-free operations. This paper presents a solution to a milk-run vehicle routing and scheduling problem subject to fuzzy pick-up and delivery transportation time constraints. Since this type of problem can be treated as a fuzzy constraint satisfaction problem, an elegant solution can be determined using both computer simulation and analytical ordered-fuzzy-number-driven calculations. In contrast to standard fuzzy numbers, the support of a fuzzy number obtained by algebraic operations performed on the ordered fuzzy numbers domain does not expand. The possibility of carrying out algebraic operations is limited to selected domains of the computability of these supports. The proposed sufficient conditions implying the calculability of arithmetic operations guarantee interpretability of the results obtained. Consequently, they confirm the competitiveness of the analytical approach in relation to time-consuming computer-simulation-based calculations of logistic train fleet schedules. Finally, it is demonstrated on the basis of the results obtained in the study that the proposed approach constitutes an effective solution to the problem discussed. In this context, the proposed paper is a continuation of the authors’ recent research presented at the International Conference on Computational Science 2020.

Research of the development of international logistics systems in Ukraine and the world in terms of Industry 4.0

Purpose. The aim of the article is to identify the current impact of Industry 4.0 on international logistics systems and the readiness of logistics companies to implement the principles of Industry 4.0, as well as identify some specific measures that will help companies to reach a higher stage of maturity and to reap the maximum economic benefits from Industry 4.0 and digitalization. Methodology of research. The following methods are used to achieve this goal: abstract and logical – in the study of the essence of categories and concepts in the field of Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0; comparative-economic, analytical and synthesis method - while considering the processes of international logistics and Industry 4.0 and the impact of the last one on the development of international logistics systems; methods of statistical qualitative and quantitative comparison, tabular and graphical methods and the method of generalization - to process an array of statistical and empirical data and formulate the relevant conclusions of the study. Findings. The need for adaptation and improvement of international logistics systems due to the introduction of the principles and advantages of Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0 has been identified. The necessity of further analysis of the state of development of international logistics systems in the conditions of formation of the newest mechanisms of realization of logistic activity is established. The classification of the newest levels of logistics providers which already directly arise and will arise in the conditions of Industry 4.0 is offered. It is proved that logistics companies of different types are still developing in parallel in the context of globalization and the impact of Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0 on international logistics systems. The expediency of introducing the principles and advantages of the Fourth Industrial Revolution into the activities of large world companies and the inevitability of the impact of Industry 4.0 on international logistics processes in the world are substantiated. Originality. The substantiation of the possibilities of improving the international logistics systems on the basis of Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0 due to the formation of new levels of logistics operators was further developed. The practical value. The obtained results of the study can be used to improve international logistics systems, in particular the logistics systems of the large corporations, by forming in the conditions of Industry 4.0 a new and more advanced levels of logistics providers. Key words: Fourth industrial revolution, logistics, the Internet of Things, «Industry 4.0», international logistics systems.

Вплив електронної торгівлі на еволюцію організаційних форм міжнародної економічної діяльності

The article analyses the main directions of the impact of spreading e-commerce on the change in the organizational modes of international economic activity. The author identifies six major areas for such changes, which include: the formation of global and regional trading platforms as major trade intermediaries; formation of networks of constant direct contacts of suppliers and consumers; deployment and changes in the format of global or regional value chains; significant enhancement of the role of international logistics systems; modifying the economy of scale as a factor of economic efficiency; growing substitution of trade in goods for trade in services. The study proves that this impact is controversial and asymmetrical, and is associated with both the emergence of new commercial opportunities and obstacles in the form of new forms of "electronic" protectionism, as well as new risks and threats. It creates the possibility of forming different technological paradigms within the world economy, causing a long-term coexistence of the newest network forms of interaction with traditional market structures.

Improving sustainability in combined manual material handling through enhanced lot-sizing models

Lot-sizing models play an important role in optimizing the performance of internal logistics systems that involve a large amount of manual material handling (MMH) tasks. The performance of MMH tasks should be assessed using multiple criteria rather than being merely cost-oriented, considering the fact that the lot size affects the workload and can result in work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). This study aims to integrate biomechanical and physiological guidelines into a cost-based performance optimization model of MMH tasks. In this study, we consider the impact of lot size on lifting frequency, which is reflected in the Composite Lifting Index (CLI), an extension of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). In addition, the energy expenditure rates of operators are estimated by applying an established physiological method. The energy expenditure results are used to calculate rest allowance during a handling process that help keep workload levels acceptable. To make the model more general, we consider different manual material shipping scenarios and intermodal replenishment cases. Finally, a sustainable lot-sizing model is applied in a two-stage intermodal replenishment case and several numerical experiments to determine the influence of item weight, speed, distance, and opportunity cost. The results indicate that the proposed model can ease the ergonomic strain of operators without compromising economic efficiency.

Analytic Hierarchy Process Modelling of Location Competitiveness for a Regional Logistics Distribution Center Serving Northeast Asia

Purpose - As the global product network expands through both internationalization and diversification of the multimodal transportation system, corporate strategies have shifted to emphasize the importance of a high value-added international logistics system. To guide policies and strategies to attract relevant industries, this study aims to analyze the location competitiveness of regional logistics distribution center to serve Northeast Asia. Design/methodology - Multi-criteria techniques are considered to offer a promising framework for evaluating decision-making factors. This paper employed an analytic hierarchy process to analyze the hierarchal structure of determinants for selecting the location of a regional logistics distribution center. Adopting both qualitative and quantitative evaluations, this study suggest political implications for a regional logistics distribution center development, such as the direction of political support, service differentiation and infrastructure development. Findings - This study developed a location competitiveness evaluation model, based on the case study of the major port-cities in Northeast Asia. Evaluation model incorporates five factors underpinning 17 components extracted using factor analysis. The results revealed that the logistics factor is the most significant factor for evaluating the competitiveness of a regional logistics distribution center. The remaining factors were market, costs, and services environment. Comparing qualitative and quantitative evaluations, results provide useful insights for a regional logistics distribution center development in Northeast Asia. Originality/value - This study revealed differences between qualitative and quantitative evaluations. The finding implies that prior works on evaluation models of competitiveness has not successfully measured the gap between quantitative data and expert’ evaluations. To overcome this limitation, this paper considered both actual data such as actual distance, cost, the number of companies located, and expert opinions.

Mechanisms of customs formalities in the international transport system

The effective implementation of customs operations is one of the main manifestations of the high degree of development of the logistics system in terms of the formation of an international transport complex while ensuring national security of the state. The technology of customs and transport regulation should ensure the acceleration of goods turnover and passenger traffic, which is one of the main tasks of most customs agencies of foreign countries caused by various integration processes in the field of tourism development, the international distribution of labor, the creation of common labor markets, as well as the organization of an international logistics system. The introduction of balanced, stable technologies of customs control and customs clearance creates the conditions for the stable functioning of the logistics system, its strengthening, helps to accelerate the process of goods distribution, develop the export potential of domestic products, deepen inte-gration in the European and world systems and enhance participation in international customs organizations.

Cyber-physical systems for performance monitoring in production intralogistics

The realization of a higher business value in manufacturing requires optimized internal logistics systems in terms of operational performance, uptime and sustainability. This paper deals with the introduction of Internet of Things (IoT) to unlock new capabilities for enhancing the performance of intralogistics. Specifically, it introduces a design perspective for IoT-driven analytics in intralogistics, within a Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) approach. Such an approach enables the creation of data process chains linked to performance measurement for intralogistics, a prerequisite for optimizing logistics operations within production environments. An overview of key performance indicators for this domain is offered, followed by an outline of recent research on IoT and CPS and the role of context information management for IoT-enabled data process chains. The conceptual model is illustrated through a representative use case of a CPS demonstrator for performance monitoring in intralogistics. The application implements a simple data process chain, starting from the acquisition and processing of data from a conveyor testbed, followed by the determination and visualization of appropriate performance monitoring information on a dashboard.