International Joint Conference Research Articles

TBIOM Special Issue on “Best Reviewed Papers From IJCB 2020—Editorial”

Recent years have seen considerable advances in biometric recognition techniques leading to a wide-spread deployment of biometric technology across a number of application domains, ranging from security, border control, and criminal investigations to entertainment, social media, autonomous driving and even health services. To highlight some of these advancements and present the latest research achievements related to biometrics, the 4th IEEE/IAPR International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB) was organized in 2020. IJCB combines two major biometrics research conferences, the IEEE International Conference on Biometrics Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS) conference, and the International Conference on Biometrics (ICB) and is made possible through a special agreement between the IEEE Biometrics Council and the IAPR TC-4. Because IJCB has (so far) only been organized every three years, it represents a particularly prestigious and selective event, where only the highest-quality research is presented.

Artificial neural network for the recognition of human emotions under a backpropagation algorithm

The era of the technological revolution increasingly encourages the development of technologies that facilitate in one way or another people's daily activities, thus generating a great advance in information processing. The purpose of this work is to implement a neural network that allows classifying the emotional states of a person based on the different human gestures. A database is used with information on students from the PUCE-E School of Computer Science and Engineering. Said information are images that express the gestures of the students and with which the comparative analysis with the input data is carried out. The environment in which this work converges proposes that the implementation of this project be carried out under the programming of a multilayer neuralnetwork. Multilayer feeding neural networks possess a number of properties that make them particularly suitable for complex pattern classification problems [8]. Back-Propagation [4], which is a backpropagation algorithm used in the Feedforward neural network, was taken into consideration to solve the classification of emotions.
 Keywords: Image processing, neural networks, gestures, back-propagation, feedforward, classification, emotions.
 References
 [1]S. Gangwar, S. Shukla, D. Arora. “Human Emotion Recognition by Using Pattern Recognition Network”, Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 3, Issue 5, pp.535-539, 2013.
 [2]K. Rohit. “Back Propagation Neural Network based Emotion Recognition System”. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), Vol. 22, Nº 4, 2015.
 [3]S. Eishu, K. Ranju, S. Malika, “Speech Emotion Recognition using BFO and BPNN”, International Journal of Advances in Science and Technology (IJAST), ISSN2348-5426, Vol. 2 Issue 3, 2014.
 [4]A. Fiszelew, R. García-Martínez and T. de Buenos Aires. “Generación automática de redes neuronales con ajuste de parámetros basado en algoritmos genéticos”. Revista del Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires, 26, 76-101, 2002.
 [5]Y. LeCun, B. Boser, J. Denker, D. Henderson, R. Howard, W. Hubbard, and L. Jackel. “Handwritten digit recognition with a back-propagation network”. In Advances in neural information processing systems. pp. 396-404, 1990.
 [6]G. Bebis and M. Georgiopoulos. “Feed-forward neural networks”. IEEE Potentials, 13(4), 27-31, 1994.
 [7]G. Huang, Q. Zhu and C. Siew. “Extreme learning machine: a new learning scheme of feedforward neural networks”. In Neural Networks, 2004. Proceedings. 2004 IEEE International Joint Conference. Vol. 2, pp. 985-990. IEEE, 2004.
 [8]D. Montana and L. Davis. “Training Feedforward Neural Networks Using Genetic Algorithms”. In IJCAI, Vol. 89, pp. 762-767, 1989.
 [9]I. Sutskever, O. Vinyals and Q. Le. “Sequence to sequence learning with neural networks”. In Advances in neural information processing systems. pp. 3104-3112, 2014.
 [10]J. Schmidhuber. “Deep learning in neural networks: An overview”. Neural networks, 61, 85-117, 2015.
 [11]R. Santos, M. Ruppb, S. Bonzi and A. Filetia, “Comparación entre redes neuronales feedforward de múltiples capas y una red de función radial para detectar y localizar fugas en tuberías que transportan gas”. Chem. Ing.Trans , 32 (1375), e1380, 2013.

International Joint Conference on STEM Education (IJCSE) 2020

U Salmah1, F Nurhasanah2, W Yunianto3, I Lokutrapol4 and R Setiawan5 1,2,3SEAMEO Regional Centre for QITEP in Mathematics, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 4Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology (IPST), Bangkok, Thailand 5SEAMEO Regional Centre for QITEP in Science, Bandung, Indonesia.E-mail: ummy.salmah@staff.qitepinmath.orgList of Preface, Advisory Committee, Academic Committee, Conference Committee, Plenary Speakers, Invited and Keynote Speakers are available in this pdf.

Estimation of multidimensional item response theory models with correlated latent variables using variational autoencoders

Artificial neural networks with a specific autoencoding structure are capable of estimating parameters for the multidimensional logistic 2-parameter (ML2P) model in item response theory (Curi et al. in International joint conference on neural networks (IJCNN), 2019), but with limitations, such as uncorrelated latent traits. In this work, we extend variational auto encoders (VAE) to estimate item parameters and correlated latent abilities, and directly compare the ML2P-VAE method to more traditional parameter estimation methods, such as Monte Carlo expectation-maximization. The incorporation of a non-identity covariance matrix in a VAE requires a novel VAE architecture, which can be utilized in applications outside of education. In addition, we show that the ML2P-VAE method is capable of estimating parameters for models with a large number of latent variables with low computational cost, where traditional methods are infeasible for data with high-dimensional latent traits.

Preface

On behalf of the organizing committee, we are honoured to welcome you to the proceeding of 2020 International Joint Conference on Civil and Marine Engineering (JCCME 2020).In facing the challenge of Industrial Revolution 4.0, multi-discipline knowledge is a significant contributor to the success of any professional field. Thus, the objective of our JCCME 2020 is to bring together delegates from around the world, and feature the most up-to-date research, topics of interest in Civil and Marine Engineering discipline.JCCME 2020 was planned to be held in Auckland, New Zealand, however, in light of the travel restrictions and health concerns caused by COVID-19 pandemic, the conference has been changed to be held virtually during November 23-25 2020. We committed to offer the same vibrant program for our participants. In order to make sure to facilitate a smooth online conference, a technical test was scheduled before the conference for our participants. Questions and answers were exchanged after each presentation, free discussions were held during break hours.We hope the conference could help to promote top level research and to globalize the quality research in general, making discussions, presentations more internationally competitive and focusing attention on the recent outstanding achievements in the field of Civil and Marine Engineering, and future trends and needs.We received submissions from China, Thailand, Japan, Indonesia, the United Kingdom, Germany and other countries, all submitted papers have gone through a rigorous blind peer-review process, we must mention that the reviewers have devoted great efforts and time on helping select the qualified papers. On behalf of the organizing committee, we wish to express our appreciation to our reviewers who has been very supportive and helpful in reviewing papers. We would like to extend our gratitude to the authors and delegates for their contribution as well, the success of the conference is credited to the collective efforts of everyone involved.Finally, we sincerely hope each participant have enjoyed the conference program and explored the opportunities for collaboration at our conference.JCCME 2020 Organizing Committee

4th Mathematics, Informatics, Science and Education International Conference

The 4th Mathematics, Informatics, Science and Education International Conference was successfully held on October 3, 2020 at Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. This conference was organized by Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The 4th MISEIC was the first conference in the history of MISEIC which was completely conducted using a digital platform in line with the social distancing norms due to the COVID-19 breakout. The theme for the 4th MISEIC was “Advancing Research on Mathematics, Informatics, Science and Education for Building a Better Society”. Using the theme, the 4th MISEIC invited scientists, education experts, practitioners, and students through this scientific forum to share their ideas, research findings, and issues about theoretical and practical knowledge in Mathematics, Informatics, Science, and STEM education. Their shared ideas were expected to have important contributions for building “a better society”, such as solving problems caused by, but not limited to, the pandemic situations.This year, MISEIC was held in the form of An International Joint Conference on Science, Technology, Art, and Humanities. The joint conference merged five Universitas Negeri Surabaya-organized conferences into one major event which was held on 3rd to 4th of October 2020. The joint conference included the 4th MISEIC, the 3rd International Conference on Vocation Education and Electrical Engineering (ICVEE), the 4th International Conference on Education Innovation (ICEI), the 2nd International Conference on Research and Academic Community Services (ICRACOS), and the 1st International Conference on Cultural Studies and Applied Linguistics (ICCSAL). The first day was dedicated to the conferences which have scopes focused on Science and Technology, namely MISEIC, ICVEE, and ICRACOS, whereas the second day represented Art and Humanities-focused conferences. In this joint conference, each individual conference was represented by one keynote and one or more speakers from overseas universities or institutions. However, the joint conference was organized only for the meeting day. Practically, each supporting conference had its own brochure, website, and article management system. The modification from an individual conference into the joint conference was conducted because of reallocation of academic budget to COVID-19 aids.The joint conference was completely conducted online using Zoom as a platform. Similar to offline form, the online joint conference included plenary and roundtable sessions. In the plenary session, each keynote speaker delivered a talk directly on the Zoom within 30 minutes. This session was also broadcasted live via an official YouTube channel of Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Each talk was followed by live Question and Answer (Q&A) for 15 minutes. Participants were offered to deliver their questions to each keynote speaker using oral or written forms on the Zoom or via live chat on YouTube.After one hour break, the roundtable sessions were conducted and organized by each individual supporting conference. For MISEIC, these roundtable sessions were preceded by a 20-minute live talk on the Zoom from an invited speaker. This session invited particularly all presenters and participants of the 4th MISEIC. The live Q&A for this forum was held using oral and written forms on the Zoom and lasted for 10 minutes. At the end of the session, each MISEIC presenter was assigned to a particular roundtable discussion room based on the ID shown in the Zoom. The committee provided 10 roundtable discussion rooms to accommodate all MISEIC’s presenters. Each room consisted of one moderator, one IT technician, 8-9 presenters, and some participants. There were three sessions in each roundtable discussion room which lasted for 50 minutes for each session comprising of 25 minutes for presenters’ video presentations and 25 minutes for live Q&A via Zoom. Preceding to the conference day, each MISEIC’s presenter was required to submit a seven-minute video presentation to a link which was provided by the committee. The decision to use a video instead of a live presentation was taken in order to avoid delay during the presenters’ presentation due to internet connection problems.List of Technical Program Committee, Conference Overview, Images are available in this pdf.

Doing Theology And Our Theological Education: An Indonesian Perspective

The article argues that the doing theology in multi-cultural and multi-religious society expects a close collaboration of multi-disciplines. Such interdisciplinary approach makes theology possible to look at the problems of the people in a comprehensive way. The church in Indonesia has been struggling quite a lot in this theological endeavour. The International Joint Conference held in Yogyakarta, Indonesia (March 2019), was an important event of this kind. And responding the discussions at the conference, this article attempts to deal with the importance of doing theology in context and its impacts on theological educations in the country. The article then suggests everyone to revisit our traditional theological programmes and to make necessary revisions needed in responding the contemporary world. In this way the church could claim the relevance of its existence and its public theology for the goodness of the country and the betterment of the society at large.

Robust Knowledge Graph Completion with Stacked Convolutions and a Student Re-Ranking Network.

Knowledge Graph (KG) completion research usually focuses on densely connected benchmark datasets that are not representative of real KGs. We curate two KG datasets that include biomedical and encyclopedic knowledge and use an existing commonsense KG dataset to explore KG completion in the more realistic setting where dense connectivity is not guaranteed. We develop a deep convolutional network that utilizes textual entity representations and demonstrate that our model outperforms recent KG completion methods in this challenging setting. We find that our model's performance improvements stem primarily from its robustness to sparsity. We then distill the knowledge from the convolutional network into a student network that re-ranks promising candidate entities. This re-ranking stage leads to further improvements in performance and demonstrates the effectiveness of entity re-ranking for KG completion.

Industrial Engineering and Operations Management – a view from IJCIEOM 2020-2021

This Special Issue of the Brazilian Journal of Operations and Production Management (BJOPM) offers nine papers selected from the 26th International Joint Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IJCIEOM – 2020-2021). The conference theme was “Challenges and Trends for Sustainability in the 21st Century”, looking ahead to bridge theory and practice of economic, social, and environmental sustainability. This editorial paper summarises the selected contributions of collaborative efforts of international researchers to advance knowledge in different research topics of industrial engineering and operations management.

Perpendicular Spin-Torque-Transfer Mechanism of Neuron: Integrate Vs. Stochastic Nature

Achieving a higher integration density and a lower power consumption for neuromorphic devices, recently, spin neuron has been intensively researched. [ref . 1-3] In particular, 2-terminal perpendicular spin-transfer-torque (p-STT) neuron has been reported as a candidate of spin neuron. [ref 4-5] This neuron showed both stochastic nature as well as integrate nature, which is determined by reset voltage and spike amplitude (i.e. set voltage). However, the mechanisms between two different neuron nature has not been clearly proved.Here, two different mechanisms were reviewed by observing the dependency of neuron nature on reset voltage and spike amplitude. 2-terminal p-STT neuron, as shown in Fig. 1(a), was operated by two different reset voltage and spike amplitude (i.e. fully reset or partially reset) dislike p-STT MRAM, as shown in Fig. 1(b). Two different reset voltage and spike amplitude would have a different energy distribution from parallel state to anti-parallel state for integrate or stochastic nature; i.e. the energy level of parallel state for partially reset was higher than that for fully reset and the activation energy (i.e. parallel to anti-parallel state switching) for partially reset was lower than that for fully reset, as shown in Fig. 1(c).For fully reset case, the probability of switching from parallel to anti-parallel increased with the spike amplitude (i.e. negative bias magnitude) being able to produce a sigmoid function for stochastic neuron, as shown in Figs. 1(d)-(h). Otherwise, for partially reset case, the resistance margin between parallel and anti-parallel state was enhanced with the spike amplitude, being able to reduce a read error rate in fire circuit, as shown in Figs. 1(i)-(m). In addition, in our presentation, we will review in detail to different mechanism between integrate and stochastic nature by the grain size distribution of the MgO tunneling barrier in p-STT neurons. Particularly, it was found that a criteria between integrate and stochastic nature in p-STT neurons could be decided by the reset voltage amplitude; i.e. the ratio of stochastic (i.e. fully reset) to integrate (i.e. partially reset) decreased with increasing the reset voltage amplitude. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (No. 2016M3A7B4910249)and the Brain Korea 21 PLUS Program in 2014. REFERENCE [1] Sengupta, Abhronil, and Kaushik Roy. "Spin-transfer torque magnetic neuron for low power neuromorphic computing." 2015 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2015.[2] Krzysteczko, Patryk, et al. "The Memristive Magnetic Tunnel Junction as a Nanoscopic Synapse‐Neuron System." Advanced Materials 24.6 (2012): 762-766.[3] Borders, William A., et al. "Analogue spin–orbit torque device for artificial-neural-network-based associative memory operation." Applied physics express 10.1 (2016): 013007.[4] Kondo, Kei, et al. "A two-terminal perpendicular spin-transfer torque based artificial neuron." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 51.50 (2018): 504002.[5] Kim, Dong Won, et al. "Double MgO-Based Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junction for Artificial Neuron." Frontiers in Neuroscience 14 (2020). Figure 1

AN APPLICATION OF THE TEAM PROCESS CAPABILITY MODEL TO TEAM RESILIENCE FACTORS

Team resilience has gained in importance as organizations increasingly operate in diverse and challenging environments. This paper will apply core concepts of team resilience to the team process capability model (presented at the 2018 International Joint Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management Conference in Lisbon, Portugal) to provide an understanding of the factors influencing team resiliency. An overview of the team process capability model will be provided followed by an application of team resiliency concepts applicable to the team process capability model. This paper is aimed mainly towards managers seeking to better understand team resiliency however academics may find the framework proposed in this model useful in similar pursuits.

Introduction to the Special Issue on Logic Rules and Reasoning: Selected Papers from the 2nd International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning (RuleML+RR 2018)

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Conference reports

In this installment of the conference report column, Diego Calvanese, Paul Fodor, and Marco Montali report on RuleML+RR 2019, the Third International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning. RuleML+RR is the leading international joint conference in the field of rule-based reasoning. This event took place in Bolzano, Italy in September 16--19, 2019. As Diego, Paul, and Marco describe in their detailed report, RuleML+RR 2019 was held as part of BRAIN 2019 (the Bolzano Rules and Artificial Intelligence Summit) and included a series of sub-events, tutorials, and invited keynotes. I am most grateful to Diego, Paul, and Marco for their contribution. I look forward to receiving your reports and/or personal impressions on conferences and scientific meetings broadly related to SIGLOG. In these times of limited international travel, reports on virtual conferences and workshops would be most welcome. Ideas and suggestions for future installments of the column are also most welcome.

Report on the 3rd International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning (RuleML+RR 2019)

The annual International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning (RuleML+RR) is an international conference on research, applications, languages and standards for rule technologies, rule-based programming and rule-based systems including production rules systems, logic programming rule engines, as well as business-rule engines and management systems; Semantic Web rule languages and rule standards, including RuleML (e.g., Datalog+ RuleML, Reaction RuleML and LegalRuleML), SWRL, RIF, Common Logic, PRR, decision rules and Decision Model and Notation (DMN), as well as Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules (SBVR); rule-based Event Processing Languages (EPLs) and technologies; and foundational research on inference rules, transformation rules, decision rules, production rules, and Event-Condition-Action (ECA) rules. In 2017, RuleML+RR joined the efforts of two wellestablished conference series: the International Web Rule Symposia (RuleML) and the Web Reasoning and Rule Systems (RR) conferences, and it is now the leading conference to build bridges between academia and industry in the field of Web rules and its applications, especially as part of the Semantic Technology stack. RuleML+RR is commonly listed together with and related to other major high-impact Artificial Intelligence conferences worldwide, starting with IJCAI in 2011 and 2016, ECAI in 2012, AAAI in 2013, ECAI in 2014, the AI Summit London in 2017, and GCAI in 2018 and 2019. The RuleML symposia and RR conferences have been held since 2002 and 2007, respectively. The RR conferences have been a forum for discussion and dissemination of new results on Web reasoning and rule systems, with an emphasis on rule-based approaches and languages. The RuleML symposia have been devoted to disseminating research, applications, languages, and standards for rule technologies, with attention to both theoretical and practical developments, to challenging new ideas, and to industrial applications. Building on the tradition of both, RuleML and RR, the joint conference series RuleML+RR aims at bridging academia and industry in the field of rules, and at fostering the cross-fertilization between the different communities focused on the research, development, and applications of rule-based systems. RuleML+RR aims at being the leading conference series for all subjects concerning theoretical advances, novel technologies, and innovative applications about knowledge representation and reasoning with rules.

Smart Homes

Smart home innovations are both a research topic and an industry reality. In this article, we highlight smart home research from the Proceedings of the ACM Journal on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies (IMWUT) presented at the September 2019 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and smart home industry updates from the CES conference in January 2020.

Report on the 2019 International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Explainable Artificial Intelligence Workshop

This article reports on the Explainable Artificial Intelligence Workshop, held within the International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence 2019 Workshop Program in Macau, August 11, 2019. With over 160 registered attendees, the workshop was the largest workshop at the conference. It featured an invited talk and 23 oral presentations, and closed with an audience discussion about where explainable artificial intelligence research stands.

Interruptible algorithms for multiproblem solving

In this paper, we address the problem of designing an interruptible system in a setting which involves n problem instances. The system schedules executions of a contract algorithm (which offers a trade-off between allowable computation time and quality of the solution) in m identical parallel processors. When an interruption occurs, the system outputs the currently best solution to each of the n problem instances. The quality of this output is then compared to the best possible algorithm that has foreknowledge of the interruption time and must, likewise, produce solutions to all n problem instances. This extends the well-studied setting in which only one problem instance is queried at interruption time. In this work, we first introduce new measures for evaluating the performance of interruptible systems in this setting. In particular, we propose the deficiency of a schedule as a performance measure that meets the requirements of the problem at hand. We then present a schedule whose performance we prove that is within a small factor from optimal in the general, multiprocessor setting. We also show several lower bounds on the deficiency of schedules on a single processor. More precisely, we prove a general lower bound of $$(n+1)/n$$ , an improved lower bound for the two-problem setting ( $$n=2$$ ), and a tight lower bound for the class of round-robin schedules. Our techniques can also yield a simpler, alternative proof of the main result of Bernstein et al. (in: Proceedings of the 18th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI), pp 1211–1217, 2003) concerning the performance of cyclic schedules in multiprocessor environments.

Making Sensors, Making Sense, Making Stimuli: The State of the Art in Wearables Research From ISWC 2019

The International Symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC) has been the leading research venue for wearable technology research since 1997. In 2019, the 23rd ISWC was held in London, U.K., from Sep. 9th–13th. Following on the last eight years of successful collaboration, ISWC was colocated with the 2019 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp).

Standing on the Feet of Giants — Reproducibility in AI

A recent study implies that research presented at top artificial intelligence conferences is not documented well enough for the research to be reproduced. My objective was to investigate whether the quality of the documentation is the same for industry and academic research or if differences actually exist. My hypothesis is that industry and academic research presented at top artificial intelligence conferences is equally well documented. A total of 325 International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence and Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence research papers reporting empirical studies have been surveyed. Of these, 268 were conducted by academia, 47 were collaborations, and 10 were conducted by the industry. A set of 16 variables, which specifies how well the research is documented, was reviewed for each paper and each variable was analyzed individually. Three reproducibility metrics were used for assessing the documentation quality of each paper. The findings indicate that academic research does score higher than industry and collaborations on all three reproducibility metrics. Academic research also scores highest on 15 out of the 16 surveyed variables. The result is statistically significant for 3 out of the 16 variables, but none of the reproducibility metrics. The conclusion is that the results are not statistically significant, but still indicate that my hypothesis probably should be refuted. This is surprising, as the conferences use double‐blind peer review and all research is judged according to the same standards.

UbiComp/ISWC 2019: A Post-Conference Summary Report

The 2019 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp 2019) took place from 9–13 September in London, U.K., colocated with the International Symposium on Wearable Computers. Meanwhile, the second UK Research Symposium on Mobile, Wearable, and Ubiquitous Systems (MobiUK'19) took place between 1st and 2nd of July in Oxford, U.K.