International Cooperation Activities Research Articles

The Impact of International Cooperation on the Development of Renewable Energy Sources in Kazakhstan

In recent decades, renewable energy sources (hereinafter - RES) have become an increasingly important component of global energy policy, especially in the context of the need for sustainable development and the fight against climate change. This study analyzes the role of international cooperation in the development of RES in Kazakhstan and assesses its impact on national strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning to sustainable energy. The research employs cluster analysis to identify groups of partner countries with similar energy and environmental profiles, complemented by Ward’s dendrogram and scenario analysis to predict the future directions of international cooperation. Data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including greenhouse gas emissions, the share of renewable energy in total energy consumption, water resource availability, fuel exports, and energy intensity, were utilized. Three main clusters were identified: countries with advanced technologies in the field of RES, countries with emerging RES markets, and countries focused on hydrocarbon exports but seeking to diversify their energy resources. Cluster analysis revealed that Kazakhstan falls into the group with high energy intensity and a low share of RES in the energy balance (1.8%). Scenario analysis demonstrated that with active international cooperation, the share of RES in Kazakhstan could increase to 10-12% by 2030, and energy intensity could decrease, leading to a reduction in CO2 emissions. For future research, an in-depth analysis of Kazakhstan’s international cooperation in the field of renewable energy sources with an emphasis on regional specifics is recommended.

Foreign Economic Activities of The Russian Federation: Contemporary Problems and Prospects

Modern conditions for the development of foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation are formed under the influence of many factors, including international sanctions, economic diversification, development of transport and digital infrastructure, as well as active international cooperation. In the context of global economic and political changes, the Russian Federation seeks to adapt and look for new opportunities to strengthen its position in the world market. The article identifies the features of the organization of foreign economic activity in the Russian Federation taking into account the sanctions pressure, in particular, reflects the features of the decline in foreign trade, limited access to international fi nance, difficulties in international settlements, change of trading partners, problems with technology imports, problems with logistics. The article analyzes the main problems faced by the Russian Federation in its foreign economic strategy. In the article, the author examines in detail the main problems faced by the Russian Federation in the formation of its foreign economic strategy, and within the framework of each problem, considers the prospects for its solution, taking into account the established development trends, such as: strengthening economic cooperation with Asian countries, in particular with China and India, as a strategic priority; the use of new technologies and innovations to increase the competitiveness of Russian goods in world markets; development of transport and logistics infrastructure to improve export opportunities. The article reflects the aspect of a comprehensive approach to solving current problems and implementing strategic tasks aimed at sustainable development of foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation in the long term.

Solutions to Accelerate International Cooperation Activities Among Vietnamese Universities

Solutions to Accelerate International Cooperation Activities Among Vietnamese Universities

THEORETICAL ASPECTS AND ESSENTIAL DEFINITIONS OF REGIONAL ECONOMY STATE REGULATION IN MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY CONTEXT

Objective. The objective of the article is to analyze and systematize the theoretical aspects and essential definitions of state regulation of the economy of regions in the context of macroeconomic instability, as well as to determine the basic principles of effective management of regional policy in the context of macroeconomic instability. Methods. The following methods are applied to conduct the research: the analysis method (to study the theoretical aspects and determine the essential definitions of the state regulation of the economy of the regions), the induction method (to highlight the areas of application of methodological approaches to the assessment of the effective management of regional policy in conditions of macroeconomic instability and to define key concepts which are based on scientific approaches to the state regulation of the economy of regions in conditions of macroeconomic instability) and a graphic method (for building a refined scheme of the components of macroeconomic instability of regions and expanding the directions for overcoming them). Results. Macroeconomic instability is characterized by significant fluctuations in key macroeconomic indicators which may be caused by internal and external economic, political, and social factors. Macroeconomic instability affects regional development due to reduced investment, reduced budget revenues, increased unemployment and social tension. In order to achieve socio-economic stability and successful development of the region, state regulation should ensure successful overcoming of macroeconomic instability by forecasting crisis phenomena, preventing them and creating reserves in advance to eliminate their consequences. The key factor is the definition and consideration of all components of macroeconomic instability. The proposed sixth component of regional macroeconomic instability - military instability - requires the development of comprehensive security strategies, including strengthening the country's defense capabilities, providing social and economic support for affected regions as well as active international cooperation for post-war reconstruction, maintaining peace and stability. It is also important to deal with issues of reintegration of the affected territories and population, restoration of infrastructure and economic activity in conflict zones.

Solutions for Promoting International Cooperation Activities at Universities in Vietnam Today

Solutions for Promoting International Cooperation Activities at Universities in Vietnam Today

The Policy International Cooperation on Protection Sea and Island Environment in Viet Nam and Challenges in the Implementation Process

International cooperation in the field of seas and islands’ environmental protection is considered an inevitable choice in the current development trend. VietNam in recent years has constantly expanded cooperation with maritime countries in activities on integrated management of marine resources and environment. In order to meet the current cooperation needs, state management policies are also constantly changing to match the actual situation. Nowadays, the policies regulating international cooperation activities in our country's marine resources and environment are quite complete and systematic, perfect step by step. However, we need a lot of enthusiasm to be able to come up with optimal solutions because the implementation process is also facing many difficulties. This article aims to study the current status of international cooperation policies on marine environmental protection as well as the challenges in the practical implementation of this policy system.

Diplomatic response to global health challenges in recognizing patient needs: A qualitative interview study.

Global health diplomacy is the applied practice of foreign affairs to further national goals that focus on health issues requiring international cooperation and collective action. We aimed to determine how international diplomats and health policy-related professionals in the EU understand the concept of health diplomacy, which impacts both diplomatic relations as well as patients' rights. In a qualitative interview study, we used a heterogeneous stratified purposeful sampling to reach participants from different countries and different practitioners from the Pyramid of Health Diplomacy: core, multi-stakeholder, and informal. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify the main themes. We contacted 131 practitioners of GHD, of which 37 responded, and nine agreed to be interviewed. From 11 interview questions, four main themes emerged from the analysis of the individual interview. The participants reported limited knowledge about the definition of GHD but also that they engaged in daily activities and decisions of inter-governmental bodies. They were not aware of existing special education and training for health attachés and made suggestions for improving the field and practice of GHD. They were not fully familiar with the European Charter of Patients' Rights. There was a consensus from all participants that patient rights need to improve as a fundamental right. They stressed the fact that the hospital lockdown and the right access to healthcare were impaired during the COVID pandemic. The role of health diplomacy in linking public health and foreign affairs is key to respecting patients' rights. Health over other interests is becoming an increasingly critical element in foreign policy. Establishing a clear career path for health attachés is necessary to foster effective global health agreements and coordination across countries.

The international cooperation of the People's Public Security Force in the renovation period - Some theoretical and practical issues

The international cooperation in defense and security is a strategic policy of the Communist Party of Vietnam supported by the Vietnamese people, in line with the trend of the times. The international cooperation in defense and security reflects the law of movement and development of objective reality and interests of the country and Vietnamese people. Vietnam's international cooperation in defense and security shows Vietnam’s humanity, peace, and self-defense nature. Both theory and practice confirm the correctness, creativity, and effectiveness of Vietnam's international cooperation in defense and security. This article deals with some theoretical and practical issues on the international cooperation of the People's Public Security Force in the renovation period - an angle on international cooperation in defense and security. Theoretically, the article presents the views of the Communist Party of Vietnam on the international integration and cooperation through National Congresses of the Party, including in the field of defense and security. These views of the Communist Party of Vietnam have clearly demonstrated the inevitability of the international cooperation of the People's Public Security Force in the renovation period. In practical terms, the article presents the international cooperation activities of the People's Public Security Force in the renovation period, including deloying the Communist Party of Vietnam’s guidelines and foreign policy, cooperative relations with neighboring countries and law enforcement agencies of countries in the world, carrying out the United Nations peacekeeping mission, cooperation in rescue, pandemic prevention, etc. The article affirms that the achievements achieved by the People's Public Security Force during the renovation period have confirmed that the international cooperation activities of the People's Public Security Force are very effective and practical. These achievements have brought foreign affairs of the People’s Public Security Force to a new height, creating favorable conditions to contribute to the successful implementation of the two strategic tasks of the Vietnamese revolution, namely building and firmly defending the Socialist Vietnam Socialist.

Internationalisation of Music Education in Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to consider the concept of “internationalisation of tertiary education’, to trace the problems on the way to the internationalisation of the educational environment, to summarise the recommendations for a successful process of internationalisation of music education in Ukraine, to formulate the main goals of internationalisation of music education. The research methodology. The article uses the following methods: analytical method has been used to study the concept of internationalisation of music education; comparative analysis – to compare different scientific opinions on the process of internationalisation of music education in Ukraine. Elements of universal logical procedures of cognition have been applied: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. Scientific novelty lies in the generalisation of recommendations for a successful process of internationalisation of music education in Ukraine, as well as the main goals of this topic. Conclusions. The greatest success in the internationalisation of music education can be achieved only after the development and adoption at the state level of a strategy with a clear definition of goals, priorities, mechanisms, and a system of measures, supported by appropriate financial backing. Internationalisation of music education in Ukraine should be organised in two aspects: organisational and systemic. Organisational aspect comprises structural, functional, administrative, academic, and cultural readiness. The systemic one consists in economic and financial support from the state, administrative and regulatory mechanisms. Universities are of particular importance in the process of internationalisation of music education, it is their responsibility to introduce the best models of internationalisation of music education based on European experience and their own strategy. When considering how to prepare students to be active in the international music education community, it is important to take into account a successful role model. The task of a role model is not only to introduce young scholars to important people in the global music education community, but also to model how to act in a global context, such as how to deal with intercultural differences or how to support the internationalisation of music education in different ways. In the process of integrating music education in Ukraine, it is important to take into account a successful example to follow. We can summarise that the main goals of internationalisation of music education in Ukraine are as follows: 1) active international cooperation; 2) continuous improvement of the quality of educational, scientific and other services through the introduction of best international practices; 3) formation of a modern innovative environment of students and staff with high-level linguistic and intercultural competencies, able to adequately respond to global challenges; 4) development of skills and abilities that will allow students to compete confidently in the global labour market and feel like full members of the world community; 5) introduction of a culture of openness and tolerance.
 Key words: music education, academic mobility, educational policy priorities, internationalisation of tertiary education system.

A Factor Analysis Study Affecting High School Students' Global Citizenship

The objective of this study is to develop a sense of global community among young people and to lay the foundation for growth with desirable qualities and capabilities as members of a global civil society. The interpersonal competency was selected to conduct the study. The subjects of this study were high school students in K city located in Gyeonggi-do and analyzed how the gender, academic performance, parents' educational background, conversation time with parents, and participation in international cooperation activities affect global citizenship. Study subjects were a total of 248 high school students. Survey was selected as the study method. Collected questionnaires were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) 21 program, Student’s t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that female students had more influence than male students according to gender in global competency, and conversation time with parents was also found to have a significant effect. Second, in terms of self-competence, it was found that students who had experience in international cooperation had more influence than students who did not have experience in international cooperation. Lastly, in interpersonal competency, according to gender, female students were found to have more influence than male students, and conversation time with parents was also found to have a significant effect. Based on the results of this study, it is hoped that in the future, young people will participate in activities that cooperate with the world beyond regional and national identities, thereby providing a framework for recognizing and implementing their attitudes toward responsibility at the global level.

Early childhood education in Africa: Between overambitious global objectives, the need to reflect local interests, and educational choices

The African continent represents the part of the world where early childhood care and education (ECCE) preceding primary schooling is the least developed. It is therefore essential to propose an analysis of the prospects for the development of early childhood education in the coming years. This article deals in the first instance with the international infatuation for pre-primary education based on both scientific evidence and also international agendas. It then explores the possibilities of putting forward a coherent African response to global demands concerning early childhood education and promoting the inclusion of local cultural content in designing pre-primary educational structures. Finally, the article suggests some principles that might guide international cooperation activities affecting the early childhood sector.

DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE MECHANISMS OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE SPHERE OF CIVIL PROTECTION IN UKRAINE

The article describes the features of the system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine in modern conditions. The efficiency and effectiveness of the system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine is determined. The problematic aspects and contradictions of the existing system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine are identified. The organizational, normative-legal, economic, social, ecological and other aspects of the system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine, which need improvement, are singled out. Suggestions are given on ways to improve the mechanisms of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in the context of European and Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine. The ways of solving problems and resolving the contradictions of the system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in the current conditions of global challenges and risks are clarified. Construction and operation of a modern system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine, which carries out appropriate activities to protect the population and territories from emergencies, ensuring the required level of fire safety does not always ensure high efficiency and effectiveness of its activities. This requires appropriate improvement of the mechanisms of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection. Ukraine has declared accession to the EU and NATO as one of the strategic issues of public policy that will contribute to the transformation of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection. This is evidenced by the introduction of appropriate amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. Thus, in the current conditions of existing global challenges and risks, it is especially important to build an effective and efficient system of public management and administration of the process of educating the population of Ukraine in civil protection by improving existing mechanisms for its implementation (including by amending the Civil Protection Code), their adaptation to European legislation in the context of European and Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine, active international cooperation in this area.

Research on the Characteristics of China's Foreign Energy Discourse

This article focuses on the research of the characteristics of foreign energy discourse from the perspective of "One Belt One Road". Combined with the current international economic background, the international energy cooperation language discourse and activities relevant documents reading are carried out through a horizontal and vertical comparative analysis. It is mainly about the language itself to analyze energy discourse development, existing problems and improvement measures. From the case analysis of scientific knowledge competition and discourse construction in the international energy field, it can be seen that adding the scientific and technological discourse perspective to study energy transition is conducive to a deeper understanding of the future energy strategic pattern and direction. It is also advantageous to the huge driving force contained in energy transition to promote China's development and international system change. It requires us to consider the international background work understanding and the language plan itself. We are supposed to analyze the current political hotspots reasonably such as the situation in Russia, Ukraine and related energy development strategies, and conduct in-depth exploration of energy academic discourse studies socially and contemporarily. Besides, it is significant to highlight the times development theme to promote global energy governance.

САЙТ БІБЛІОТЕКИ ЯК ЗАСІБ ІНФОРМУВАННЯ ПРО МІЖНАРОДНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ

<p class="1"><strong><em>The purpose </em></strong><em>of the study</em><em> is to identify the features of the means of reporting on international activities of the library on its website. The tasks, respectively, are to analyze the library’s website to determine its type, internal structure, navigation elements; to outline specifics of the media which are the type of content, the usage of links and peculiarities of customer relationship management.</em></p><p class="1"><strong><em>Research methodology.</em></strong><em> Scientific work was carried out mainly through the use of content analysis as a special scientific method of research in the field of social communications, as well as a number of general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, induction.</em></p><p class="1"><strong><em>Results. </em></strong><em>The author’s attention is focused on the research of library website, particularly its means of reporting on the international activities. It was established, that according to the functional aim, website belongs to the information portal. It was found that the home page contains all the standard components required by web communication: header, frame placement of content blocks, site menu, footer. Active links and visualization are its main features.</em></p><p class="1"><em>Information on the priority areas of the library activity is given in the section «About the library». Within the framework of international cooperation, the Hub «Window on America» Zaporizhzhia Window on America & Makerspace abd Hub «Language. Culture. Germany». The context is informative, contains factual evidence of active international cooperation. However, there is no multimedia, active links and interactivity. </em></p><p class="1"><em>The publications from the section «Events» are characterized by interactivity (possibility of commenting, evaluation), active links (internal linking is available).</em></p><p class="1"><em>The library website differs in a full set of media: context, navigation and interactive elements.</em></p><p class="1"><strong><em>Novelty. </em></strong><em>It was made an attempt to analyze the library website, in particular its media, as well as to highlight the features of their use in reporting on the international activities of the institution.</em></p><p class="1"><strong><em>Practical significance. </em></strong><em>The results can be used in further researches. Some aspects will be useful for students majoring in «Journalism» and «Information, Library and Archives».</em></p><p class="1"><strong><em>Key words: </em></strong><em>library website, means of reporting, information portal, international activity, library.</em></p>

The Humanitarian Journey: From Root Causes to Recovery

This symposium seeks to confirm the reemergence of the Global Humanitarian Cooperation (GHC) model of multilateral action that the teams from the game refugee decade (1979–88) pioneered and that governed international cooperative action until the Arab Spring era of 2011. I concluded then that a new default model, which I later called Nationalism cum Isolationism (NCI), had replaced the GHC. However, recent signs from Europe and the Biden administration suggest that a return may be occurring. That is good news, if true, but it is still early days.

Racial and Religious Determinants of Terrorism in Western Europe

The gradual rapprochement between peoples, cultures, beliefs involve numerous conflicts with indigenous peoples on ethnic or religious grounds. These conflicts tend to turn into articulation of radical positions and extremist activities. The aim of this study was to analyze the current state of terrorist acts and identify the determinants of terrorism on racial and religious grounds in Western Europe. The statistical method, comparison, graphic analysis, analysis of the Global Index of Terrorism; The European Union reports on the situation and trends of terrorism, as well as the research on terrorism-related issues for 2011-2021, were used as empirical research methods. It is determined that the UK, France, Germany, Greece, Belgium, Spain, Italy, and Sweden are subject to the highest risk of terrorist acts. It was proved that the determinants of terrorism are localized in relation to key issues related to the state of the economic sphere, social development, as well as the spiritual and cultural sphere. Emphasis is placed on the need to overcome the problems associated with terrorist activities by formulating a policy of national means of resolving ethnic and racial issues and active international cooperation. Further research will identify key determinants of terrorism in Eastern Europe.

Interplay of governance elements and their effects on deforestation in tropical landscapes: Quantitative insights from Ecuador

After state-centered and market-centered approaches have driven international development cooperation activities in previous decades, improved governance has now come into the focus as a means to help reversing global trends of tropical deforestation. Yet, “good governance” remains a normative, broad and often underspecified concept consisting of a wide range of elements and implicit value judgements. Specific knowledge is missing on the relative importance of single elements, on their interdependencies and their specific effects. Following an analytical approach, we aimed to investigate if single governance elements affect each other and whether they relate to decreasing deforestation. We conducted a quantitative field study in twelve selected landscapes across 160,000 ha of tropical lowland forest in Ecuador. We mapped governance arrangements and land use in participatory exercises. The performance of single governance elements including tenure, forest management practices, law enforcement, institutions, and participation was quantified based on the governance assessment framework of the World Resource Institute. We assessed context information and used satellite based deforestation data. Principal component analysis showed that all governance elements loaded positively on the first axis. This shows that specific governance elements acted conjointly. They are in general not antagonistic, but interact positively and might reinforce each other. Policy and development work may therefore focus on a smaller number of well-selected governance elements. High performance of specific governance elements, in particular tenure and participation was linked to reduced deforestation. This supports the notion of a number of governance elements as being indeed “good” for low deforestation. This functional understanding draws a more differentiated picture for single governance elements and supports outcome oriented decisions instead of value-oriented principles that underlie “good governance”. Direct deforestation drivers such as agriculture and infrastructure explained larger shares of deforestation as compared to governance. A number of conclusions and recommendations for the specific governance situation in tropical lowland forests of Ecuador are given.

Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of Analyzing the Impact of the Higher Education System on Regional Socio-Economic Development

Aim. The presented study summarizes the results of the analysis of modern approaches to assessing the higher education system in terms of its impact on the social and economic indicators of a region, describing a stakeholder approach to the classification of factors of a university’s influence on regional development.Tasks. The study aims to consider approaches to examining the activities of universities in the context of their impact on the development of a territory; to comparatively analyze social and economic indicators of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the education level of the employed population; to update the list of groups of stakeholders of the higher education system and to describe the parameters of university influence on the objects of one of the groups.Methods. This study analyzes the existing approaches of Russian and foreign researchers to assessing the contribution of the higher education system to socio-economic development as well as official statistics on the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.Results. A considerable number of diverse factors characterizing the influence of the higher education system on socio-economic development are identified. The authors describe the contribution of universities to the development of human capital, innovative and economic development, social policy and environmental well-being of the region. It is noted that the university’s academic reputation affects the competitiveness of the city and facilitates active international cooperation. A comparison of statistics on the proportion of employees with higher education among the working population (DHE) with various indicators of economic and social development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation shows that many regions with a more skilled workforce have higher gross regional product (GRP) per capita, higher life expectancy at birth, and lower working-age mortality than regions with low DHE. There are also negative trends in the higher education system, such as the declining number of university teaching staff over the last ten years. A stakeholder approach to the classification of factors of university influence on regional development is proposed. A group of stakeholders of the higher education system defined as “society” is introduced. The parameters of university influence on this group are described.Conclusions. The existing influence of universities on the socio-economic development of territories makes it necessary to put issues related to creating conditions for the optimization of interaction between various groups of stakeholders of the higher education system on the federal and regional agendas.

Assessment of Climate-Resilient City Pilots in China

In early 2017, China officially implemented the pilot program of the construction of climate-resilient cities in 28 regions, and these pilots have taken a series of initiatives to adapt to climate change. Based on the research and practice on climate change adaptation worldwide, this paper constructs an evaluation indicator system for climate-resilient cities with six primary indicators and 15–21 secondary indicators to assess the progress of the pilot program in a comprehensive manner. The study shows that the consciousness of climate adaptation has been strengthened, their adaptive capacity has been improved, and their climate change monitoring capacity and the basic adaptive capacity have been enhanced. Meanwhile, each pilot city has carried out unique system and mechanism innovation and international cooperation and exchange activities, but the progress is uneven, and there is still room for improvement in the overall adaptive capacity. It is recommended that a system for evaluating the progress of the climate-resilient city pilots be established as soon as possible, and that the review of the adaptation actions and highlights of the city pilots be strengthened, so as to raise the political status of the pilot areas and strengthen their consciousness of climate change adaptation.

Engaging in the internationalization of education and SDGs: Case study on the global hub of UNAI on sustainability

The education sector has been identified as one of the key players in globalization processes and implementation of the UN Agenda 2030. The role of education, including higher education, involves not only raising awareness among young people and educators about the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and global environmental changes, but also in mobilizing them for partnerships towards fulfilment of these goals (as defined in SDG-17) and dealing with the challenges of globalization. The purpose of this article is to analyze the engagement of HEIs in internationalization of education, realization of the UN Agenda 2030 and supporting the implementation of SDGs, using as an example the work of the UNAI at the university level. First, the article provides a short literature review on empirical and theoretical aspects of the internationalization of HEIs, looking at how international institutions impact internationalization, organizational culture and the formulation of educational process and international cooperation activities at HEIs. Second, it analyzes organizational tools for internationalization by looking at the international experience and activities of university networks such as UNAI and the impact of those networks on the internationalization of universities. Third, it presents a case study of the work of an international university network, using the example of UNAI Hub at Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, and discusses how the UNAI programs have impacted the perception of internationalization and organizational culture at the university.