Industrial International Competitiveness Research Articles

Türkiye turizminin uluslararası rekabetçiliği: Dünya Ekonomik Forumu Seyahat ve Turizm Rekabetçilik Endeksi'nde Türkiye'nin görünümü

The tourism strategy of Turkey for the year 2023 focuses on sustainable tourism and international competitiveness of the Turkish tourism industry among other policy objectives such as promotion, transportation infrastructure, employment in the tourism sector, product diversification, new source markets, accommodation capacity and quality. In 2017, Turkey ranked 44th in the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI) compiled by the World Economic Forum. Although Turkey improved to rank 43rd in 2019, the current position of Turkey in the TTCI does not reflect international tourism demand for Turkey, which ranks 6th among all national destinations globally. Increasing Turkey's competitiveness in international tourism especially in the Mediterranean Basin will help Turkey reach its 2023 tourism goals. Based on the data and rankings in the 2019 version of the TTCI, this study analyzes Turkey's tourism competitiveness and presents findings for the development of the competitiveness of the Turkish tourism industry.

Устойчивое развитие и повышение конкурентоспособности промышленности в Баренцевом Евро-Арктическом регионе.

The article considers possibilities for increasing competitiveness of Russian industrial enterprises during the development of resource effective industrial policy. The authors discuss the meaning and interpretation of “sustainable development” and “competitiveness” used in national and international scientific publications. The article traces current trends in the external environment that can contribute to organization's competitive advantages or cause the stability loss. The most significant changes include: the strengthening of industrial policy at national and international levels; broadening the understanding of essence and geographic scope of regulation based on the principles of best available techniques; promoting resource efficient and low-carbon technologies and formulating new international marketing segment for such technologies; establishing approaches for circular economy and links to resource efficient and low-carbon development; developing responsible investment system supporting activities related to meeting sustainable development goals.The authors analyse the basic principles of Environment Social Governance (ESG) and Business Charter for Sustainable Development and demonstrate their impact on the development of new competition rules.The paper presents results of case studies carried out in pulp and paper production and mining industry: environmental and technological modernizationprojects of JSC “Kovdor Mining and Benefication Plant” and JSC “Mondi Syktyvkar” and compares these projects with theESG investment principles. The procedure for excluding Russian installations from the list of environmental “hot spots” of the Barents Euro-Arctic Region is analysed and project assessment results meeting requirements of Best Available Techniques and responsible investment are considered. The paper concludes with the statement that in order to increase the level of international competitiveness of Russian industries it is necessary to take into account sustainable development principles and ESG principles while developing environmental and technological modernization programmes of Russian enterprises.

Evaluating the socioeconomic and ecological impacts of China's forest policies, program, and practices: Summary and outlook

This Special Issue (SI) collects 16 papers that examine the direct, indirect, and/or induced socioeconomic and ecological impacts of China's major forest policies, programs, and practices. The topics covered in the SI includes: (1) ecological conservation and restoration; (2) international trade and industrial competitiveness; (3) tenure devolution and institutional changes; (4) forest resource management; and (5) applications of digital platforms. Given the quality and international significance, as well as the breath, of these studies, much can be learned from them. This article summarizes the contributions of the papers and discusses follow-up research opportunities.

Strategic Environmental Policy and the Mobility of Firms

The loss of international competitiveness of domestic industries remains a key obstacle to the implementation of effective carbon prices in a world without harmonized climate policies. We analyze countries’ noncooperative choices of emissions taxes under imperfect competition and mobile polluting firms. In our general equilibrium setup with trade, wage effects prevent all firms from locating in the same country. While under local or no pollution countries achieve the first-best, under transboundary pollution taxes are inefficiently low and lower than under autarky where only the “standard” free-riding incentive distorts emissions taxes. This effect is more pronounced when polluting firms are mobile.

Research on the impact of R&D investment on the international competitiveness of communication and electronic equipment industry in Hubei Province

R&D investment has always been one of the most active factors in the economic development of China’s manufacturing industry. Therefore, this paper analyzes the communication and electronic equipment industry in Hubei Province from all aspects of R&D investment, explores the competitive advantages in the development process of the industry, and looks for the future development direction of the industry in Hubei Province, so as to better complete the transformation and upgrading of the industry. Based on the current international competitiveness evaluation index system, the research on the development status of the communication and electronic equipment industry can be analyzed from the perspective of industrial international competitiveness. The industrial R&D investment is divided into three parts: personnel, capital and efficiency. R&D personnel investment and R&D capital investment have a positive impact on the international competitiveness of the industry, and R&D input-output efficiency has a positive impact on the international competitiveness of the industry There is a slight negative effect. It is pointed out that the future development direction of Hubei electronic technology industry in R&D investment should focus on personnel investment and capital investment.

Analysis on Export Competitiveness of Chinese Chemical Products

First of all, this paper summarizes the research progress of international Chemicals which are a kind of products that cannot be ignored in people’s life and production. Under the call of national policy of fine chemical and green chemical industry, in recent years, China’s chemical products output ranks the top in the world, and the export trade grows rapidly, but the export of domestic chemical products keeps a deficit in foreign trade. In the face of complex and changeable international competition and foreign trade situation, it is helpful for the sustainable and healthy development and progress of domestic economy to comprehensively analyze and elaborate the structure, competitiveness and related influencing factors of China’s chemical export. This paper analyzes the research and development of international competitiveness and constructs the research framework and main research methods of this paper. Based on the research results of international competitiveness at home and abroad, the evaluation system of export competitiveness of Chinese chemicals is constructed. Secondly, this paper analyzes the export status of domestic chemicals and related manufactured products from the main body of chemical exports, chemical exports and chemical export regions. This paper analyzes the international competitiveness level of chemical products in China by using the international market share, dominant comparative advantage index and trade competitiveness index. The results show that at present, China’s chemical products are still very lack of international competitiveness. In order to further analyze the factors that affect the competitiveness of chemical manufacturing industry, based on Porter diamond model and previous research results, this paper establishes a multiple regression model, and analyzes the impact of four indicators of capital, scientific research and innovation level, industrial concentration and scale economy on the international competitiveness of chemical manufacturing industry. Finally, based on the results of empirical analysis, this paper puts forward suggestions to improve the export competitiveness of domestic chemicals and related manufactured goods.

The impact of a carbon trading pilot policy on the low-carbon international competitiveness of industry in China: An empirical analysis based on a DDD model

This paper examines the impact of a carbon trading pilot policy on the low-carbon international competitiveness of an industry to test whether creating a carbon market causes the Porter effect. Using a sample of 33 industries in 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2016 with a difference-in-difference-in-difference model (DDD) and a series of robustness tests, we find evidence of a significant positive influence of a carbon trading pilot policy on the low-carbon international competitiveness of industries covered by the pilot programs. Research on its influencing mechanism reveals that a carbon trading pilot policy promotes the low-carbon international competitiveness of industries by driving low-carbon technological progress. Furthermore, a heterogeneity analysis of industry characteristics and carbon allowance allocation methods in different pilots indicates that the impact of a carbon trading pilot policy on industry low-carbon international competitiveness is reflected mainly in industries with low-carbon emissions, high state-owned capital, and high export intensity. Compared with the grandfather method and the historical intensity method, the low-carbon international competitiveness of an industry is significantly increased when the benchmarking method is used. The results of this paper offer important insights for improving the policy design of a nationwide carbon market, as well as a reference point for other countries and regions, especially developing countries, in establishing a carbon trading market.

An assessment of the international competitiveness of China's forest products industry

Using a cutting-edge method and value-added trade data for 33 countries from 2005 to 2015, we assess the international competitiveness of China's forest products industry in this paper. The international competitiveness is measured with three indices—revealed comparative advantage, and participation and position in the global value chains (GVCs). Our results show that China's forest products industry has gradually moved away from its large-but-weak status and started to mature and participate in the GVCs more competitively. With a strong comparative advantage of cheap labour resources in the past, the country has developed a labour-intensive forest products industry and raised its GVC position together with an ever higher participation. The heightened level of participation has come from the upward-trending, forward participation along the GVCs, whereas the backward participation has witnessed a downward movement over time. This study can thus help the industry identify concrete problems in factor allocation and structural upgrading and formulate specific measures for maintaining and enhancing its competitiveness.

New Measurement and Interpretation of the Vulnerability of Chinese Manufacturing International Competitiveness： In-depth Perspective Based on Firm Level Micro-data

Under the influence of trade disputes between China and the US and the spread of COVID-19 epidemic, the turmoil in the global economy will inevitably shake the stability of the international competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing industry. Especially when firms’ boundaries have spanned national boundaries and become the core subject of measuring a country’s industrial international competitiveness, the stability of the competitiveness of indigeous firms will directly determine the resilience of the Chinese manufacturing industry shocked by the epidemic.Based on the above, this paper focuses on the comparative advantages of the “industrial country” dimension and the core assets of the “indigenous firm” dimension, and defines the international competitiveness vulnerability of Chinese manufacturing industry as that the international competitiveness of foreign invested firms is statistically significantly higher than that of indigenous firms. Clarifying the transmission mechanism of industrial international competitiveness based on firms, this paper innovatively constructs the “double-dimension and three-level” evaluation system on international competitiveness vulnerability, with 84,482 Chinese manufacturing firms from 2000 to 2013 as the sample, to locate the fragile links and analyze the causes.The findings indicate that the international competitiveness vulnerability of Chinese manufacturing industry mainly exists in the competitiveness essence and performance level of high-tech industry, while the vulnerability in the competitiveness performance level of medium- and low-tech industry is gradually alleviated, and also in a stable state in the essence and result level. In the high-tech industry, the improvement of Chinese industry upstreamness and the enhancement of foreign MNCs’ control on R&D are the reasons for the vulnerability of the competitiveness essence and performance. The increase in industry upstreamness will also make indigenous firms face potential risks in competitiveness result. In medium- and low-tech industry, foreign MNCs’ advantages in marketing and global resource integration are the reasons for the vulnerability of competitiveness performance. The industry upstreamness consolidates the advantage of indigenous firms’ competitiveness essence, but also weakens the advantage of competitiveness result.The academic value of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects. Firstly, it enriches the theoretical connotation of industrial international competitiveness research, tests the practice of international trade theory evolution in China, and deeply analyzes the composition of industrial international competitiveness from the internal structure. Secondly, it assesses the international competitiveness based on the perspective of value-added and a large number of firm data. Thirdly, it locates the links and digs the causes of competitiveness vulnerabilities, helping to discover the shortcomings of Chinese manufacturing industry and accordingly formulate strategies to enhance international competitiveness.

방위산업 경쟁력 강화를 위한 방산업체 대형화 및 통합화 추진방향 연구

In the 1990s, Western countries gained international competitiveness after the post-cold war era following the end of the Cold War, followed by a drastic reduction in military spending. In order to improve the government's defense industry export industrialization promotion policy and the efficiency of the defense business, it is analyzed that it is time to actively consider expanding the defense industry and integrating it. In order for the defense industry to overcome the limitations of the domestic market and transform the paradigm into an export-driven industry, it is necessary to secure competitiveness in the international defense market. The economy is possible. In this study, It aims to present the developmental direction to strengthen the international competitiveness of defense industry companies through major trends and trends related to the defense industry, and cases of enlargement and integration. We reexamined the growth potential of the defense industry and suggested directions for effective defense policy development.

Economic Analysis of the Driving Mechanism of Japan Cement industry Development and Enlightenments

As one of the nations with well-developed cement industry, Japan cement industry has experienced three developing stages since the 1980s under the influence of macroeconomics, resources, and energy. The cement industry in Japan has achieved remarkable results owning to the proper adjustments of its structures and the low-carbon technology innovations. Here, the author aims to unearth the key of success of Japan cement industry by analyzing the driving mechanism of its development from an economic perspective, and thus provide some insights and enlightenments for improving the international competitiveness of China cement industry.

Competitiveness Model of Chinese Port Manufacturing Industry Based on Global Value Chain

Zhen, Z., 2020. Competitiveness model of Chinese port manufacturing industry based on global value chain. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 701–704. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In this work, the competitiveness model of Chinese port manufacturing industry based on global value chain is constructed. This paper analyzes the international competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing industry, establishes the evaluation system of port competitiveness, and selects port throughput, port operation capacity, port financial situation and investment situation as well as port nature as evaluation indexes. The weight of each evaluation index is calculated, so as to realize the competitiveness analysis of port manufacturing industry. Compared with the existing model, the designed model can obtain more accurate competitiveness evaluation results and provide reliable data support for the development of port manufacturing industry.

Impact of Trade Openness on Industrialization in Nigeria

The state of Nigeria as regards the effect of trade openness on industrialization is a major concern. This research helps to evaluate this effect. The variables show a long-run relationship, using Bound Cointegration test. The final analytical result was gotten using ARDL (Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag) Co-integration and Long-run form. The results show that trade openness is not significant, and it is negatively related to industrialization. The implication of this is that it hinders industrialization in Nigeria. This is due to excess importation and infrastructure deficit, alongside other factors. The study recommended that existing policies should not be waved aside; there should be engagement in international industrial competitiveness, and stabilization of exchange rate.

International Competitiveness of Japanese Waste Management and Recycling Industries

International Competitiveness of Japanese Waste Management and Recycling Industries

Chinese New Energy Vehicle Industry Competitiveness Evaluation

This paper uses the comprehensive index method and the analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the competitiveness index of Chinese new energy vechile (NEV) industry based on the data of NEV industry and experts in 2018. The results show that the international competitiveness of Chinese NEV industry in 2018 is basically the same as last year, and the competitiveness index ranks the third. The new support policies for NEVs are continuously introduced and the effectiveness of the policies has been promulgated to make the NEV industry develop at a high speed.

Das „gesunde Arbeiterkind“ als ein Projekt der „Sozialen Medizin“. Zur wissenschaftlichen Neuordnung der Kindheit durch die Medikalisierung der „Sozialen Frage“ zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts

In this paper I will explore the competitions in the scientific field in respect to the identification and solution of the problems posed in the course of the “Social Question” in Austria at the beginning of the 20th century. I will outline the suggestions inherent for the proper handlingof working class parents and children in these scientific discourses. Particularly I will analyse the influence of national-economic thinking on the medical discourse and show, how “SocialMedicine” as a result demanded a health policy for the working class. The improvement of medical care, housing and labour conditions were argued to be the prerequisites for economic progress in the international industrial competition. Therefore a healthy proletariat in healthy family situations should be successfully deployable as “organic machine”. The latter should be reached guided by the general principles of the contemporary bourgeois-patriarchal family by a “domestication of maternity” and by a “double location of childhood” in the family and in school. This new “Order of Childhood” was positioned against the way of life of the working and lower classes and their children were normalized and regularized by the new professions of childhood in the field of medicine, psychology and pedagogy for the public benefit of the “future of society”.

Effective Handling of Construction Disputes for Strengthening the International Competitiveness of the Construction Industry

Effective Handling of Construction Disputes for Strengthening the International Competitiveness of the Construction Industry

A Referenced Cyber Physical System for Compressor Manufacturing

Compressor is a typical high-end discrete product，with the shortening of product life cycle and the enhancement of the degree of product customization, the traditional compressor manufacturing system architecture cannot meet the requirements of comprehensive digital management of compressor from body scheme design to parts production line, logistics management, operation and maintenance monitoring and evaluation. This paper presents a compressor manufacturing system architecture based on digital twinning, and establishes an Internet platform for compressor industry oriented to remote coordination from three aspects of compressor design, production, operation and maintenance. The platform includes industrial Internet infrastructure layer, physical space entity model layer, virtual space multidimensional model layer, physical space and virtual space multidimensional model correlation and mapping layer, big data intelligent analysis decision-making layer, and digital twin application layer. Through the establishment of the compressor product design and simulation model of digital twin, compressor production process digital twin model, compressor fault diagnosis and remote operations digital twin model, implementation is based on the number of compressor collaboration in manufacturing industrial Internet platform twin system, leading the transformation and upgrading of intelligent manufacturing industry, compressor industry sustainable development ability and international competitiveness.

Quality Infrastructure for the New Material Industry

The quality infrastructure—with evaluation, characterization, and standards as its basic elements—plays an important role in supporting industrial transformation and upgrade, promoting technological innovation, improving production efficiency, ensuring product quality, and enhancing industrial international competitiveness. Meanwhile, the acceleration of new material innovations has expanded the scale of the industry and increased the types and supply of new materials, which proposes new requirements for the industrial quality infrastructure. In this article, we analyze the importance of evaluation, characterization, and standards for the development of the new materials industry and summarize the development status of the quality infrastructure in China. Currently, a technical system has been primarily formed for the new material industry in China and has greatly supported industrial innovation. China has also made progresses in internationalization in terms of assessment, characterization, and standardization of the new material industry. However, China’s quality infrastructure for new materials is still underdeveloped in terms of overall level and technological innovative ability in key areas; and its internationalization progress can hardly meet industrial requirements. Therefore, an assessment–characterization–standards platform is demonstrated and analyzed for the new material industry in China. Correspondingly, we suggest that the top-level design of the quality infrastructure should be strengthened, an “evaluation–characterization–standards” one-stop service mode promoted, independent brands developed regarding certification, testing, and standards, and administrative agencies encouraged to adopt the evaluation results.

Learning in the Village Economy of Denmark. The Role of Institutions and Policy in Sustaining Competitiveness

The benefits of an international division of labour is never illustrated more clearly than in small developed nations like Denmark. Without many natural resources such countries can never be self sufficient and they need access to foreign markets in order for their firms to specialise and utilize economics of scale. The specialisation chosen is mainly in low-tech goods, where the risk of sudden domestically damaging changes in technology or demand are relatively small. Besides such general features of small developed nations, the Danish case has some special characteristics, which distinguishes it from many other nations and regions. One important feature is the century-old, deep-rooted egalitarian beliefs of the society which during the last century has intermixed with the growth of the public sector in shaping not only the welfare state, but also a strongly consensus-seeking political system - the negotiated economy - incorporating all major groups in the economy. Recently, the development towards a knowledge based world economy has increased the importance of another feature with an small egalitarian country: the kind of trust-relations, that come into existence, when everyone in an industry has known everybody else through many years. The international industrial competitiveness of the country's vast majority of small, export oriented firms are not only favoured by a reasonable adequate macro-economic policy but further enhanced by the ease in the exchange of information resulting from established trust-relations.