Critical Edition Research Articles

Development and validation of a measure for father involvement during early childhood in a resource-limited context

BackgroundGlobally, there is mounting evidence about the importance of father involvement for improving child and family wellbeing. However, there are limited measurement tools available for assessing father involvement in low-resource settings globally. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a scale for measuring fathers’ engagement in caregiving activities for young children and families in rural Kenya.MethodsWe used baseline data collected in February–March 2023 from a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a parenting intervention aimed at improving early child development in Nyamira and Vihiga counties in Western Kenya. The analytic sample comprised 460 primary caregivers of children under 18 months of age (91.3% mothers) who were in a relationship with a male caregiver of the young child (i.e., father). The primary caregiver reported on the 25-item father involvement scale. We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to determine the dimensionality of the measure and estimated latent variable regression models to assess construct and predictive validity in terms of associations with sociodemographic factors, other paternal and maternal psychosocial measures, and early child development outcomes.ResultsThe scale had a four-factor structure representing father involvement in (1) childcare activities, (2) play and affection, (3) household chores, and (4) early learning activities. Each factor showed good internal consistency reliability and evidence of multiple forms of validity. The four factors were associated with child and household sociodemographic characteristics and more positive paternal and maternal psychosocial outcomes. Father involvement across all four domains was associated with higher early child cognitive, language, motor, and socioemotional development scores.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the multidimensional nature of fathers’ caregiving roles in the lives of young children and their families. We establish a valid tool for assessing father involvement in rural Western Kenya that has potential for use in other similar contexts.

O Epinício 3 de Baquílides

In this article I propose an exegetical and philological commentary on Bacchylides’ Epinician 3 accompanied by a poetic translation that incorporates the results into the target text in Brazilian Portuguese. My intention with this commentary is not only to draw the reader’s attention to the sophistication and complexity that underlies the apparent simplicity of Bacchylides’ poetry, but also to present new critical results regarding the poem’s exegesis. In the commentary, therefore, I explain my reasons for changing the textus receptus of Kenyon (1897) and Maehler (2003) at certain points, to reflect the advances made by textual criticism in recent years, as well as my own interpretation of certain passages. In this commentary, I also explain my translation choices whenever they diverge from more traditional ones.

Notas sobre la representación del espacio dramático en la comedia de Aristófanes

In this article I propose an exegetical and philological commentary on Bacchylides’ Epinician 3 accompanied by a poetic translation that incorporates the results into the target text in Brazilian Portuguese. My intention with this commentary is not only to draw the reader’s attention to the sophistication and complexity that underlies the apparent simplicity of Bacchylides’ poetry, but also to present new critical results regarding the poem’s exegesis. In the commentary, therefore, I explain my reasons for changing the textus receptus of Kenyon (1897) and Maehler (2003) at certain points, to reflect the advances made by textual criticism in recent years, as well as my own interpretation of certain passages. In this commentary, I also explain my translation choices whenever they diverge from more traditional ones.

Der Beitrag der Übersetzung Jakobs von Venedig zur Überlieferung der aristotelischen Metaphysik

AbstractThe first Latin translation of Aristotle's Metaphysics of which we know was made only in the mid-12th century, by James of Venice († after 1148), and is transmitted for books I–IV, 4 (1007a31). James' Greek model, which came not down to us, was older than most of the c. 50 Greek manuscripts containing the Metaphysics and can be reconstructed through the Latin translation itself, carried out verbum de verbo. The present article aims to precisely identify the position of James' Greek model in the tradition, i.e. the stemma codicum of Dieter Harlfinger from 1979. As the collation against the independent Greek tradition reveals, the Translatio Iacobi happens to be the oldest tangible member of the δ-family and part of a special, southern Italian branch of the transmission that seems to have been the prevailing text version of the Metaphysics in the Terra d’Otranto from the 13th to the 15th century.

Reichenauiensis. Ein verlorener Reichenauer Codex und seine Bedeutung für die Textkonstitution der Chronik Prospers, der Chronik Cassiodors, der Continuatio Reichenauiensis und des Laterculus Vandalorum mitsamt einer Neuedition der Fasti Augustani

Abstract At the end of antiquity and the onset of the Middle Ages the genre of chronicles flourished as a lively and non-central practice of continuing, compiling and combining chronographic material. Any given manuscript could thus become its own “work” containing a singular combination of different texts, often reworked, or linked in some manner to form a unified whole. One of those “chains of chronicles” (Ian Wood) is preserved in two different forms by Paris BN Lat. 4860 and Augsburg, SuStb 2° 223, both of which Theodor Mommsen assumed to be copies of a lost Reichenau codex (“Reichenauiensis”) described in the catalogue of Reginbert of Reichenau between 835 and 842 AD. More recent research has instead tried to interpret the later Augsburg copy as a descriptus of the Paris manuscript, which would have (and in some cases has already had) some consequences for the textual criticism of many works also, only, or primarily attested by this chronographic compilation. By analyzing and comparing the individual ways in which each manuscript reflects the same common tradition (or diverts from it), this paper demonstrates that, indeed, Mommsen’s analysis is correct: Both manuscripts attest to a single lost archetype, Mommsen’s “Reichenauiensis”. The reaffirmation of this position along with a more profound understanding of the ways the texts were obviously reworked especially by the Carolingian compiler(s) of the Paris manuscript sheds new light on some discussions of the chronicle of Prosper and especially its so-called “Reichenau continuation”, the chronicle of Cassiodorus, the Laterculus Vandalorum, and the often misunderstood so-called “Fasti Augustani”, the first complete edition of which is presented as an appendix. The paper also serves as a case study of the many ways late antique chronographic texts were used, continued, (re‐)combined and appropriated in late antiquity by medieval or early modern scholars and, finally, modern critical editors.

Fragments of the Sanskrit Paссaviṃњatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra (SI 3492, SI 3650) in the Serindia Collection (IOM, RAS)

According to the latest data, the Sanskrit part of the Serindia Collection (IOM, RAS) includes 667 storage units, which represent manuscript fragments of various Buddhist texts. About 100 of the largest and most well-preserved manuscripts have been studied and introduced into scientific circulation by Russian and foreign researchers. At the same time, many other texts in a rather scattered and fragmented condition still remain unpublished. Among the unexplored Sanskrit Buddhist manuscripts in the Serindia Collection, the most important place belongs to the fragments of fundamental texts in the Mahāyāna tradition — the Prajñāpāramitā sūtras (“Sūtras on Perfect Wisdom”). The present paper deals with three previously unpublished Sanskrit fragments (SI 3492, SI 3650) housed in the Serindia Collection as part of the “N.F. Petrovsky Subcollection”. Fragments have been identified as parts of the Paсcaviṃњatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra (“Sūtra on Perfect Wisdom in 25000 lines”). Judging from the external characteristics and contents, these fragments not only belong to the same manuscript, but also fit together like three puzzle pieces. The paper includes a description of the fragments, a transliteration of the manuscript and its comparison with the critical edition of the Sanskrit text of the Sūtra, a Russian translation, and facsimiles made before and after its restoration.

Textual studies of the era of big data and neural networks

This article analyses the emergence of new technologies for working with big data which can be highly helpful to philologists, studying the diachronic development. First of all, that applies to the study and publication of Old Russian manuscripts with traditional liturgical texts used for church service. These manuscripts existed in a huge number of folios, and in the process of copying were subjected to considerable textual unification. That makes it very difficult to study them by the laborious methods of traditional textual criticism. Now, when the full text of the monuments can be automatically processed, the creation of the Linguistic intellectual environment (LIE) has been lounged. This tool will provide new opportunities for the study of Slavonic liturgical texts from different historical periods. As a result, we will create a corpus of liturgical texts of the 11th–17th centuries, obtained using a program for automatic text recognition of manuscripts, with annotation und search module. The user of the LIE will be able to receive a complete list of variant readings for each fragment of a liturgical book of the widest range of manuscripts. In fact, we are talking of a new type of publication of traditional liturgical texts, when the user can set the parameters for the edition in accordance with his research interests.

New Edition of the Tablature of Joannes de Lublin: Tradition and Perspectives

The new edition of the tablature of Joannes de Lublin represents the state of the art in editorial practice, combining a critical and practical edition. It is discussed within the contexts of the contemporary corpus of tablatures in Poland and also Central European music, developing a series of current topoi: a new ordering and reconstructing of the material taking account of codicological research and functional purposes, the local reworking of the repertoire and compilatory practice of the scribes, unknown concordances or unica, counterpoint and intabulation techniques, syntactic-rhetorical properties, and historical didactics. The edition provides literal, but good, readable transcriptions.

The Evolution of Modern Literary Criticism From Structuralism to Postmodernism: A Case Study of Edward Said and His Critique of Orientalism in Literature

The study aimed to examine the development of literary criticism throughout its history from structuralism to postmodernism, using Edward Said's criticism of Orientalism as a case study. A discourse-grounded analysis approach was used to analyze critical texts and articles related to this development. The results showed, according to Said, that the traditional Western depiction of the East is biased and based on power relations, which influenced postcolonial philosophy and the literary canon (Smith, 2018). Said sought to expose biases in Western literature’s depiction of the East (Jones, 2016). His writings have sparked debate about the role of the critic in shaping literary discourse, shifting critical focus toward questions of power, representation, and identity, and increasing opportunities for underrepresented groups to have their voices heard (Brown & Johnson, 2019). Said's critique of Orientalism has influenced contemporary literary criticism, opening the door to a more diverse and comprehensive literary study (Garcia & Lee, 2020).

Лексическая вариативность в руськомовных переводах Żywotów Świętych Петра Скарги: житие свт. Афанасия Великого

In order to clarify the textual history of manuscript copies of the Ruthenian Life of St Athanasius of Alexandria, translated from Piotr Skarga’s Żywoty Świętych, the article analyses the variety of the most frequent lexemes of the Life using methods of textual criticism. Variants of the seven considered lexemes of each of the 13 manuscript copies of the Life, grouped in tables, show the direction of lexical changes, as well as the interaction between manuscript copies of two different translations of the same Polish original. It is shown that the vocabulary of the manuscript copies Sof. 278, Sof. 279, KPL 370, KPL 371, CAM KDA 674 of the second more widespread translation must have been slightly edited according to the manuscript copy of NTŠ 322 (or a similar textual type) of the first translation. The manuscript copies EPARCH. 460, BN 15628 of the second translation contain traises of secondary interaction with a different type of texts. The data also shows the editing of lexems of the archetype Šept. 31, NTŠ 322 according to the manuscript copie of other translation. The results of the study of lexical variability complement and agree with the results of the analysis of the conflate readings and alternative textual variants found in the manuscript copies of St Athanasius' Life, according to which additional variants of the text were used in a number of manuscript copies of the Life during the rewriting of the antigraph.

Black Readings of Exodus

Most academic study of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament in North America has been done from a White European or North American perspective. Post-graduate schools have predominantly required students to read works written by White authors, and the vast majority of professors are White. However, the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament also has a long history of interpretation by non-White and Majority World thinkers, and their contributions need to be more widely acknowledged and employed in studying the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. This article surveys the contributions of Black Hebrew Bible/Old Testament scholars on the book of Exodus. Black scholars employ a variety of methods and approaches as they engage with the biblical text. We consider these approaches by category, beginning with textual criticism and translation before exploring works that focus on Africa in the Bible, those that draw on African or African American context, and those that highlight issues of gender or the perspectives of liberation theology. We conclude with those employing multi-faceted or integrative approaches.

Utility of learning health systems in radiation oncology.

413 Background: Current health information systems lack a robust framework for longitudinal integration of internal experiences and external evidence into existing workflows. The result is labor intensive, error-prone and fragmented systems plagued with process gaps. Learning health systems (LHS) can be a potential solution to address these gaps. We created and implemented a novel LHS framework in radiation oncology (RO). We hypothesize that this framework can be leveraged to identify and implement opportunities for improvement using a patient-oriented endpoint of time from radiation simulation to treatment start (RSTS). Methods: An RO-LHS was developed through a collaboration between an academic, multi-facility radiation oncology department and an industry partner (Medlever). The end-to-end clinical workflow was embedded into the Medlever platform following an interdisciplinary, iterative analysis with representatives from key teams (clerical, finance and clinical). A novel nomenclature was created to label standardized, customizable templates, which choreograph logic-driven tasks that cover all sub-steps of RSTS. The primary endpoint of RSTS was compared pre- and post-implementation, stratified by key variables, such as facility, staff member, and radiation treatment modality. Results: The iterative workflow analysis identified >700 variables and decision points necessary for >200 cancer and benign conditions routinely managed in RO. >450 treatment protocols were templated.180 logic-driven tasks were created and linked to key parameters, resulting in a choregraphed precision workflow for each patient. Using the first iteration of the build, a total of 512 patients were managed during a 50-day period (03/01/2024-04/20/2024) and were compared to 2875 patients treated prior to implementation. Post-implementation, RSTS was shortened by 36.4% (p<0.001). We identified significant differences in RSTS by radiation modalities (protons vs all others), across facilities, and by providers (p<0.01 for all). Analysis of fractional domain of RSTS, 56% of the time was driven by physician-directed tasks, while 44% was comprised of physics and dosimetry-driven work. Physician-directed tasks had the greatest heterogeneity in time to completion. The biggest variation was noted for the contouring completion task. Significant differences were identified by provider (p<0.001) in nearly each step of the process, including steps not directly tied to physician’s work. Conclusions: Through an inter-disciplinary implementation of the first iteration of a LHS in our RO department, we have significantly shortened RSTS. The implementation and analysis has also enabled us to better understand underlying heterogeneities and identify further opportunities for optimization of RSTS. An LHS framework provides a generalizable solution that could be adapted in other RO clinics.

Critical Edition in Print and Digital Format: Versions of D. H. Lawrence’s Studies in Classic American Literature, and Their Possible Remediation in the Digital Medium

Critical Edition in Print and Digital Format: Versions of D. H. Lawrence’s Studies in Classic American Literature, and Their Possible Remediation in the Digital Medium

В.С. Соловьев и современные проблемы историографии и источниковедения русской философии

The article presents answers to the following questions formulated by the editorial board of the journal “Solovyov Studies”: How do you assess the current state of research in this field and, in particular, the heritage of V.S. Solovyov? Is there obvious success in publishing the heritage of Russian philosophers and rather sufficient activity of relevant studies? What are the failures and what, in your opinion, are the reasons for them? In recent years in the community of researchers of the history of Russian philosophy one can hear the opinion that the philosophical heritage of V.S. Solovyov is irrelevant. In your opinion, has Solovyov lost his relevance? What aspects of his philosophical, literary and journalistic legacy have not yet been sufficiently developed, are there prospects for the development of the philosophy of unitotality, or does it belong entirely to history? The significance of V.S. Solovyov's legacy as the first, most developed philosophical system and the relevance of his teachings as the most successful example of philosophical thought in Russian are considered. The contribution of V.S. Solovyov to the development of philosophical terminology in Russia is pointed out. A brief outline of the historiography of Russian philosophy is given. It is noted that there is not a large number of critical editions of the sources of Russian philosophy, that the research of the history of Russian philosophy is not a priority in national science and educational policy, that there is not enough historiographical reflection. Modern researchers of Russian philosophy have not formulated fundamentally new approaches and belong to the same historiographical paradigm as the authors of the early 20th century. The situation can be changed by creating a new historical and philosophical narrative.

Unleash the Apparatus?

Philological text editions that are ‘born digital’ can and should be linked to other primary sources and, ideally, this happens within an ecosystem of clear and short IRIs. Yet, linking a text to other texts has always been a common practice in critical editing: by putting notes into the source apparatus, the editor constructs parallels between the text being edited and other primary texts. This paper explores how to formalize the knowledge contained in source apparatuses of existing editions. Based on the analysis of existing proposals and on the experiences of the OTRA project (Ontology for Re-Use and Argumentative Patterns), I propose five descriptive dimensions that allow modelling the knowledge that is already contained in the source apparatus. Setting up this infrastructure based on Linked Open Data would allow distributing its creation and federating its hosting among different actors such as libraries, archives, and museums.

Key Guidelines for Responding to Reviewers

Background The process of preparing a scientific manuscript is intricate, encompassing several critical stages, including pre-writing, research development, drafting, peer review, editing, publication, dissemination, and access. Among these, the peer review process (PRP) stands out as a pivotal component requiring seamless collaboration among editors, reviewers, and authors. Reviewers play a crucial role in assessing the manuscript’s quality and providing constructive feedback, which authors must adeptly navigate to enhance their work and meet journal standards. This process can often appear daunting and time-consuming, as authors are required to address numerous comments and requested changes. Authors are encouraged to perceive reviewers as consultants rather than adversaries, viewing their critiques as opportunities for improvement rather than personal attacks. Methods Opinion article. Aim To equip authors with practical strategies for engaging effectively in the PRP and improving their publication acceptance rates. Results Key guidelines include thoroughly understanding and prioritizing feedback, maintaining professionalism, and systematically addressing each comment. In cases of significant disagreement or misunderstanding, authors have the option to refer the issue to the editor. Crafting a well-organized and scientific “response to reviews” along with the revised manuscript can substantially increase the likelihood of acceptance. Best practices for writing an effective response to reviews include expressing gratitude, addressing major revisions first, seeking opinions from co-authors and colleagues, and adhering strictly to journal guidelines. Emphasizing the importance of planning responses, highlighting changes in the revised manuscript, and conducting a final review ensures all corrections are properly documented. Conclusion By following these guidelines, authors can enhance their manuscripts’ quality, foster positive relationships with reviewers, and ultimately contribute to scholarly advancement.

De persecutione Anglicana by Robert Persons S.J.: A Critical Edition of the Latin Text with English Translation, Commentary and Introduction, edited by Victor Houliston and Marianne Dircksen (with the assistance of Koos Kritzinger)

De persecutione Anglicana by Robert Persons S.J.: A Critical Edition of the Latin Text with English Translation, Commentary and Introduction, edited by Victor Houliston and Marianne Dircksen (with the assistance of Koos Kritzinger)

Diecezja żmudzka w 1830 roku w świetle schematyzmu na 1831 rok (1). Schematyzm – edycja źródła

The presented text is an edition of the schematism of the Samogitian diocese prepared for 1831. The information gathered in it allows one to learn about the state of the Catholic Church, especially its administrative structure in Samogitia before the outbreak of the November Uprising. The collapse of the independence uprising directed against the Russian invaders initiated repressions that significantly limited the Church’s pastoral activities. The material describing the Samogitian diocese at the end of 1830 was divided into three articles. The first includes a critical edition of the schema of the Samogitian diocese published for 1831, along with a discussion of the formation of the rules for preparing Samogitian schemas for printing from the first found catalog of 1787 until the outbreak of the November Uprising. The second will present the administrative structure of the Samogitian diocese and the history of the temples then existing in the Samogitian diocese. The last – third – article will publish data on the diocesan clergy working in the Samogitian diocese on the eve of the outbreak of the uprising, as well as biographies of the priests mentioned in the schema.

‘To Fame Unknown’: Familiar Verse Epistles of the Spring-Yelverton Coterie

This article identifies Thomas Spring and Barry Yelverton as the authors of three previously unattributed poems written between 1758 and 1761, around the time these two were beginning their law studies at the Middle Temple in London. Based on internal evidence from the poems themselves and clues from Samuel Whyte’s 1772 anthology The Shamrock and other sources, I argue they should be viewed as products of a short-lived literary coterie. The article first examines the poems within their original manuscript context and how Spring and his friends explore the theme of choosing poetic anonymity as they contemplate embarking on careers in the law. Next, it examines the print history of these poems, which illustrates the conflicting motives of poets and anthologists who repackage manuscript poems in printed forms. Making these poems public in printed collections obscured the authors’ identities by obscuring the existence of the literary coterie to which they belonged. Bringing this coterie to light draws attention to the complex ways poetry functioned, in manuscript and in print, in eighteenth-century Ireland and invites further scholarly examination of these poems.

Validation of the Parent Version of the Nighttime Fears Scale (NFS-P) for Children Aged 3-8 Years.

Nighttime fears are highly prevalent in children, ranging from normative fears to triggering fear-related anxiety disorders. The lack of available assessment instruments recently prompted the development of the Nighttime Fears Scale (NFS) for children aged 8-12 years. The present study aimed to adapt and psychometrically evaluate the parent-reported version for children aged 3-8 years (NFS-P) as a complement for younger children. Two hundred eighty-four Spanish-speaking parents (47% girls) completed the NFS-P and anxiety measures. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a four-factor structure of the NFS-P. Strong internal consistency and validity evidence were obtained. No significant differences were found in NFS-P scores between sexes and age groups. The findings offer support for the use of the NFS-P as a valuable instrument in clinical and research settings, supplementing the NFS for older children. Both scales provide an efficient means to comprehensively assess the presence and intensity of typical nighttime fears across preschool and school years.