Intermittent Ischemia Research Articles

Fibromuscular hyperplasia of the extracranial internal carotid artery.

✓ Fibromuscular hyperplasia is an alteration of the arterial wall, affecting mostly middle-aged women. When localized to the internal carotid arteries, it can give symptoms of intermittent or permanent cerebral ischemia, but is usually asymptomatic. Three cases, all of them accidental angiographic findings, are used as a basis for discussion of the angiographic features, differential diagnosis, and surgical treatment.

EXERCISE ISCHAEMIA IN THE FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF SOLEUS

1. A bilateral case of chronic intermittent ischaemia of the soleus muscle within its fascial compartment is described in a dental surgeon aged twenty-seven. 2. Symptoms were promptly relieved by decompression. 3. The mechanism of the condition is compared with that of the anterior tibial syndrome.

Transient neurological manifestations in cardiac arrhythmias

Unusual and transitory symptoms of cerebral dysfunction occurring as a result of temporary impairment of cardiac rate and rhythm are described. Episodes of vertigo, aphasia, ataxia, hemiparesis, epileptic and psychotic attacks and coma were observed in these patients. Either a decrease or an increase in heart rate were sometimes responsible for the reduction in cardiac output and presumably in cerebral blood flow, producing intermittent ischaemia of the brain. Early diagnosis and treatment of such cardiac conditions may prevent, in certain cases, the appearance of transient or more lasting neurological manifestations.

Neural contrfl of intrarenal blood flow.

Neural contrfl of intrarenal blood flow.

Mechanical injury to the coronary arteries during operative cannulation

An extensive review of 18 patients who died after aortic valve surgery indicated that operative cannulation caused fatal mechanical injury in 10 of these patients. Underlying coronary arterial anomalies and atherosclerosis were present in most of these cases. It is probable that many operative deaths which have formerly been attributed to the patient's heart disease are really due to iatrogenic coronary artery obstruction. Disease coronary arteries and the technical problems of cannulation present hazards which may offset those of intermittent ischemia.

MESENTERIC ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY AND ABDOMINAL ANGINA.

Spectacular achievements have been attained in the angiographic diagnosis and surgical treatment of vascular disease in recent years. The benefits have extended to sundry vascular territories including the mesenteric circulation.1-3Additional information appears desirable especially with respect to borderline degrees of circulatory embarrassment such as are associated with intestinal disorders other than infarction. The most dramatic but by no means the only manifestation of borderline mesenteric arterial insufficiency is abdominal angina, a syndrome for which many synonyms are found in the literature: visceral angina,4intestinal angina,5intermittent anemic dysperistalsis,6abdominal intermittent claudication,7abdominal pain of vascular origin,8chronic midgut ischemia,9intermittent ischemia of mesenteric arteries,10and others. Materials and Methods The observations here to be reported are based on an angiographic study of the mesenteric arterial circulation carried out post mortem on a population with an average age of about 60 years. This study reported on in a.

The Basilar Artery Hypertensive Syndrome

This presentation has 3 aims: (1) to outline case reports which seem to contribute to certain concepts of neurogenic hypertension; (2) to discuss 2 implications of these reports, (<i>a</i>) that "focal ischemia" in strategic areas of the brain can cause hypertension and (<i>b</i>) that paroxysmal hypertension may occur as part of the clinical picture of the syndrome of basilar artery insufficiency, and (3) to review pertinent areas of the literature. Three patients have been observed in whom abrupt increases in arterial blood pressure were closely related to the fleeting neurologic phenomena characteristic of intermittent ischemia of those parts of the brain supplied by the vertebral-basilar arterial system. While the number of cases is small, the number of episodes was large. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 67-year-old white woman, was followed over a period of 2 1/2 years. In the earlier phases of her illness she was seen on about

Further considerations in the use of hypothermia and intermittent cerebral ischemia: an experimental study in primates.

Although occlusion of the cerebral arterial circulation has been of considerable value in temporarily controlling hemorrhage during the surgical treatment of intracranial vascular anomalies, its elective use for any prolonged length of time to facilitate the removal of otherwise inoperable lesions has been limited by the substantial risk of impairing neural function. Total cessation of the circulation under hypothermia has been pioneered by the cardiovascular surgeon to allow direct attack upon lesions of the heart and great vessels. The relatively short length of time which the central nervous system will withstand total ischemia even under hypothermic conditions, however, has restricted its usefulness and has stimulated the study of means to shunt the circulation around the diseased area in order to maintain the cerebral blood supply during surgery. As such techniques are of little value to the neurosurgeon, it is important to understand the conditions for deriving the maximum possible benefit

The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of strokes: a progress report.

Excerpt Four years ago I presented before the Annual Session of the College a brief analysis of the state of knowledge concerning certain major aspects of the problem of strokes.1Emphasis was place...

Localized changes in properties of the blood and effects of anticoagulant drugs in experimental cerebral infarction.

RECENT clinical reports have stressed beneficial effects resulting from the use of anticoagulant drugs in thrombosis of the basilar and carotid arteries1 2 3 4 and in thromboembolic cerebrovascular disease.5 , 6 It was concluded that this type of treatment improves transient symptoms due to intermittent ischemia, decreases the occurrence of cerebral embolism and thrombosis but does not alter the course of cerebral infarction once established.7 How anticoagulant drugs cause benefit in cerebrovascular disease is not fully understood. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that after a delay such treatment may result in recanalization of a thrombosed vessel. More rapid improvement occurring within the first week . . .

Abdominal angina: the syndrome of intermittent ischemia of mesenteric arteries.

Excerpt The clinical and physiologic problems of vascular spasm and intermittent ischemia have been dealt with critically by Pickering.1Spasm of sclerotic vessels seems an unlikely cause of symptom...