Intermediate Text Research Articles

신체폭력을 동반한 교권침해로 인한 초등교사의 공무상요양 경험에 대한 자전적 내러티브 탐구

Objectives In this study, an elementary school teacher was subjected to violence by a student during class in a classroom within the school, and the case was filed as a violation of teaching rights. After becoming a recipient of official medical care and spending time devoting time to treatment, a study was conducted to derive and understand the meaning of the violation of teaching rights accompanied by physical violence and the experience of official medical care. Methods For this purpose, an elementary school teacher who was disrupted by a student during class hours at S Elementary School in Region C, and who suffered physical violence from a student while providing guidance on the student's disruptive behavior, was selected as a research participant. The study was conducted by applying an autobiographical narrative Inquiry research method. The field text collected according to the narrative Inquiry was composed of intermediate text, and the meaning of the experience was derived by converting it into research text through review and cooperation with a research participant. Results In the telling process of autobiographical narrative inquiry, the content was described in five themes centered on the three-dimensional axis of narrative inquiry(temporality, spatiality, and sociality). In retelling, there are three topics (looking at the violation of teaching rights accompanied by physical violence properly in the learning space, overcoming the violation of teaching rights through a culture of consideration and respect, and creating an education system that allows teachers who have been victims of teaching rights infringement to grow again). The meaning of experience was explored by grouping as topics. Conclusions These research results sought to reach a conclusion by clarifying the legitimacy of the research at the personal, practical, and social levels, which is the legitimacy of narrative inquiry, and ended the research by presenting three research suggestions.

Design of Translation Error Correction System Based on Improved Seq2Seq

Speech translation technology is an important booster for promoting social communication and advancing human civilization. With the solid advancement of theories and technologies such as speech processing and machine translation, as well as the continuous deepening and development of computer science, the computing power and storage capacity have been further improved. Speech translation systems widely used in English, French, English and Chinese have successively reached a commercial level. However, the development of speech translation systems is limited by corpus resources and a lack of bilingual language research. The experiments and applications of speech translation in some languages are still in its early stages. In addition, existing research mostly adopts a cascading voice translation system as the basis, breaking through the key issues individually, and less adopts direct voice translation methods without relying on intermediate text representation, which brings problems such as cumbersome research content, complex translation models, and long translation delays. This article mainly focuses on the design of a translation error correction system based on improved Seq2Seq. Firstly, relevant research is summarized, relevant application methods are proposed, and the results are discussed. I hope to bring some inspiration to relevant researchers and provide assistance for the development of related fields.

A hybrid approach for text summarization using semantic latent Dirichlet allocation and sentence concept mapping with transformer

<span lang="EN-US">Automatic text summarization generates a summary that contains sentences reflecting the essential and relevant information of the original documents. Extractive summarization requires semantic understanding, while abstractive summarization requires a better intermediate text representation. This paper proposes a hybrid approach for generating text summaries that combine extractive and abstractive methods. To improve the semantic understanding of the model, we propose two novel extractive methods: semantic latent Dirichlet allocation (semantic LDA) and sentence concept mapping. We then generate an intermediate summary by applying our proposed sentence ranking algorithm over the sentence concept mapping. This intermediate summary is input to a transformer-based abstractive model fine-tuned with a multi-head attention mechanism. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid model generates coherent summaries using the intermediate extractive summary covering semantics. As we increase the concepts and number of words in the summary the rouge scores are improved for precision and F1 scores in our proposed model.</span>

성평등 관점의 성교육을 실천하는 보건교사의 경험에 관한 내러티브 탐구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to conduct a narrative inquiry into the motivations for practicing sexuality education provided by health teachers and the various practice experiences of sexuality education from a gender equality perspective.
 Methods Six health teachers who practice sexuality education from a gender equality perspective were selected as participants in this study. By collecting stories about their experience in practicing sexuality education from a gender equality perspective and going through the process of reexamining the research purpose and research puzzle, the intermediate text was processed based on the three axes of narrative inquiry: temporality, sociality, and space (place). The intermediate text was interpreted and analyzed with evidences based on the perspective of the research puzzle and previous research and theory and presented as a research text.
 Results The meaning of the health teacher's experience of practicing sexuality education from a gender equality perspective was derived by classifying it into three dimensions: personal justification, practical justification, and social justification. First, in terms of personal justification, it was derived as ‘awareness of gender inequality and growth gained from it’, ‘self-reflection and internalization of gender equality perspective’, and ‘establishing teacher identity as a minority in school space’. Second, in terms of practical justification, it was derived as ‘approaching everyday life as unfamiliar and making gender equality a habit’, ‘expanding the perspective of gender equality to the periphery’, and ‘changing perception of feminism’. Third, in the social justification dimension, it was derived as ‘implications of the implementation process for generalization of gender equality education’, ‘desire to improve structure for efficient practice of gender equality education’, and ‘clarification of support for gender equality education policy’.
 Conclusions This study about the current state of sexuality education from a gender equality perspective provides meaningful data to prepare practical support measures, suggests new practice and processes to solve problems in school sexuality education, and contributes to find the alternatives for various changes in the sexuality education field in the future.

Sequence Generation Model Integrating Domain Ontology for Mathematical question tagging

In online learning systems, tagging knowledge points for questions is a fundamental task. Automatic tagging technology uses intelligent algorithms to automatically tag knowledge points for questions to reduce manpower and time costs. However, the current knowledge point tagging technology cannot satisfy the situation that mathematics questions often involve a variable number of knowledge points, lacks the consideration of the characteristics of the mathematics field, and ignores the internal connection between knowledge points. To address the above issues, we propose a Sequence Generation Model Integrating Domain Ontology for Mathematical question tagging (SOMPT). SOMPT performs data augmentation for text and then obtains intermediate text based on domain ontology replacement to facilitate deep learning model to understand mathematical question text. SOMPT is able to obtain dynamic word vector embedding to optimize the textual representation for math questions. What’s more, our model can capture the relationship between tags to generate knowledge points more accurately in the way of sequence generation. The comparative experimental results show that our proposed model has an excellent tagging ability for mathematical questions. Moreover, the sequence generation module in SOMPT can be applied on other multi-label classification tasks and be on par with the state-of-the-art performance models.

Сент-Бёв против Эккермана, или Как создавался первый русский перевод «Разговоров» Гёте

The article discusses a curious case of the reception of Goethe in Russia in the late 19th century — the first translation of “Conversations with Goethe” (1891), authored by D.V. Averkiev and commissioned by A.S. Suvorin. Taking the expectations of the implicit reader into account had made his newspaper and publishing house one of most successful Russian enterprises by the turn of the century. It also aligned with Averkiev’s Kulturträger attitude, both as a writer who introduced the public to the culture and everyday life of old Russia and as a translator who familiarized it with the achievements of Western European literature and science. In his translation Averkiev utilized an intermediate text, namely É. Delerot’s translation of the “Conversations” into French. He transferred not only its structural features, but also the skeptical opinion of Eckermann’s personality expressed by C.A. Sainte-Beuve in his letter to G. Charpentier. By reducing the original text, extending his translation with materials from Goethe’s correspondence and recollections about him, Delerot corrected the “wrong” genre of the source text — with the ideal seen in J. Boswell’s book on S. Johnson. Averkiev retained the essential features of the intermediate text, but complemented it with his own article as well as footnotes bringing the text closer to Russian understanding. He expanded some footnotes into detailed comments on the history of literature and theatre, which he specialized in. Having emerged in the depths of a fading culture, Averkiev’s translation anticipated the future explorations of Russian modernism, whose representatives studied the personality of Goethe via his translation and quoted the German writer’s conversations in his interpretation.

The Old Norse–Icelandic Hagiography of St Ambrose of Milan: Manuscript Tradition, Sources, and Composition

The Old Norse–Icelandic Hagiography of St Ambrose of Milan: Manuscript Tradition, Sources, and Composition

Pratique révision B1 by Jugurta Bentifraouine, et Philippe Liria

Reviewed by: Pratique révision B1 by Jugurta Bentifraouine, et Philippe Liria Jessica L. Sturm Bentifraouine, Jugurta, et Philippe Liria. Pratique révision B1. Clé International, 2022. ISBN 978-209-038995-1. Pp. 272. The greatest strength of Pratique révision B1 is its presentation and treatment of vocabulary. Organized around 13 parties thématiques, vocabulary is presented with relevant, visually appealing images, entirely in French. For example, in partie thématique 1, “Un corps en liberté,” the authors provide a list of parts of the face, followed by three images, which students are to label with the appropriate words. This presentation is followed by a list of idiomatic expressions involving parts of the face (e.g., passez sous le nez). Partie thématique 5, “Une actualité agitée,” begins with a crossword puzzle of words pertaining to media and communication. Vocabulary exercises include fill-in-the-blank, listening (with accompanying audio online), matching, unscrambling words, and labeling pictures. They are interspersed with inset boxes providing further information about the unit’s topic. For example, in partie thématique 6, “Des saveurs de partout,” students learn the correct terms for the level of doneness of a steak. In partie thématique 9, “La famille d’aujourd’hui et les relations sociales,” these inset boxes feature information about the PACS and about stages of life. Each partie thématique includes several sets of vocabulary and grammatical functions. For instance, “Un temps pour tout” (#2), provides more body parts, along with vocabulary for sports, games, and le bricolage/le jardinage, combined with prepositions of time; adverbs and adverbial phrases for time; frequency; indefinite phrases, impersonal forms, and the passive present. This combination encourages students to talk about sports and leisure, along with how often they might do a given activity. In this way, students can communicate effectively about how they spend their free time. Grammar exercises are fairly mechanical-to-meaningful, without much room to create in the language. However, the parties thématiques do provide a jumping-off point for constructing more communicative activities. The images are diverse in some sections, representing a variety of French-speaking peoples. Notably, though, and regrettably, all the people in photos practicing a profession are white. Family vocabulary is overall heteronormative, although “plusieurs autres modèles de familles” are acknowledged and articulated. In general, this book provides an excellent revision of vocabulary and grammar at the intermediate level, and could accompany another intermediate text or serve the ambitious student who simply wants more practice. [End Page 238] Jessica L. Sturm Purdue University (IN) Copyright © 2022 American Association of Teachers of French

Resources in translation: towards a conceptual and technical apparatus

In mathematics education, translation of resources from one language to another occurs in a wide range of situations. This paper explores how conceptual and technical apparatus from contemporary translation studies may be of use in guiding and analysing such translation. Key concepts—including those of source, target and intermediate text, of paradigms of equivalence, purpose, uncertainty and localisation, and of semantic, syntactic and epistemological equivalence—are introduced and illustrated, primarily with reference to translation of a series of school mathematics workbooks. Significant types of tool to assist translation—translation protocols and machine translation—are examined. A more detailed case study illustrates techniques (and associated tools) for analysing translation shifts and terminological translatability, applying them to examine translation of documentation of a framework for researching teachers’ interaction with resources—the Documentational Approach to Didactics. Specific insights that emerge are how translation is shaped by attention not just to fidelity to the source text but to the audience for, and function of, the target text; and how challenging it can be to formulate terms translatable across languages in such a way as to consistently anchor meaning in existing wordforms.

„Ogumienie mózgu” w „słabym świetle postępu”

The “Brain’s Tyre” in a “Faint Light of Progress”: The Pitfalls of Syntagmatic and Indirect Translation on the Example of the Italian Version of Bieguni (Flights) by Olga Tokarczuk This paper is devoted to the Italian translation of Bieguni by Olga Tokarczuk, entitled I Vagabondi. As the author argues, it is a kind of patchwork translation, partly translated from the original language, partly from the novel’s English version (Flights). The Italian translation of both source texts, Polish and English, contains a full range of typical syntagmatic translation errors, consisting in mechanically reproducing the structures of the source language (word-for-word translation) without delving into the meaning of the translated text. The author analyses at first, on selected examples, translation errors from the Polish source text, distinguishing between lexical errors and dictionary equivalents, including those impeding the fluidity of the target text, false friends, calques, misinterpretation errors as well as omissions and additions. He focuses next on analogous errors produced in the indirect translation from English, sorting separately the lexical and interpretative errors resulting already in the English intermediate text and reproduced in the Italian translation.

Max Havelaar by Multatuli in Russia: The origins of translations

This article is dedicated to the Russian translations of the Dutch novel Max Havelaar or the coffee auctions of the Nederlandsche Handelmaatschappy (1860) by Eduard Douwes Dekker (1820–1887), who published his work under the pseudonym Multatuli. Max Havelaar is one of the best known and most translated works of Dutch literature. There are six complete Russian translations published between 1916 and 1959, which have not yet been analyzed. The authors hypothesize that German is the intermediate language in the Dutch-Russian literary transfer as research has shown that German often served as an intermediate language for translations into Scandinavian and Slavic languages during this period. In the specific case of Max Havelaar, the German translation by Wilhelm Spohr, who moved in circles of anarchists, served as an intermediate text. The authors also investigated whether the Russian translators used the English translation of 1868, but this was not the case. In the first part of this article, the biographies of the Russian translators, authors of forewords and editors who worked on the Russian translations are examined. In the second part, excerpts from the novel are compared with the translations to analyze the relationship between the texts. The results of the research confirm that the first Russian translations were based on Karl Mischke’s German translation, which had appeared almost simultaneously with Spohr’s. Traces of this translation can also be found in later texts. To the authors’ knowledge, it has not been shown before that Mischke’s translation and not Spohr’s was used as an intermediate text.

A New Intermediate Text of Rabbinical-Hebrew Matthew: The Harley Manuscript

A New Intermediate Text of Rabbinical-Hebrew Matthew: The Harley Manuscript

Ameliorated Methodology to Represent UML use Case Diagram into Table Format

The UML is a defacto tool used by the software industry for designing the software system. The UML comprises 13 diagrams which are used to represent static and dynamic behavior of the system. The usecase is one of the UML diagram which is used to describe the interaction between the user and the system. In this paper, we are proposing an automated tool to translate the UML diagram and its artifacts into the text format and is represented in form of a table. This translation is carried out in two stages. 1: Converting the UML diagram into intermediate text form using generic tool called White Star UML. 2: The intermediate text is converted to table form using the tool proposed in this paper. The output achieved at the end of the second stage is further used for the abstraction of predicate logic.

Voice and vision: The making of L’amore molesto (Troubling Love) by Mario Martone

This article examines the adaptation of Mario Martone’s L’amore molesto (Troubling Love) (1995) as a successful case study in which the aesthetics of the cinematic medium (the ‘vision’) dominate over the verbal essence of the written page (the ‘voice’). Through a number of revisions of the screenplay Martone has achieved a finished product that is intrinsically ‘cinematic’ (i.e., dependant on images, sound, montage, camera angle, etc. to construct narrative and meaning). Particularly important in this cinematic distancing from the literary source was the progressive elimination of numerous voice-overs that Martone had planned in the earlier drafts of the script. Adaptation studies do not usually focus on the intermediate text between novel and film, the screenplay. However, my analysis of three drafts of the screenplay that Martone wrote for Troubling Love (one published and two unpublished) will demonstrate that such archival study can shed new light into the process of film writing and film adaptation.

An Evaluation of the Pragmatics in the "Cutting Edge" Intermediate Textbooks

Regardless of the prodigious impacts of today’s technologies and the substantial influence of language learning through the mediation of computers the world over, coursebooks undeniably have an important role in ESL settings. Accordingly, regular evaluation of textbooks’ materials is a vital task for experts in the field. The evaluation not only can contribute to the learning and teaching process, it also warrants its suitability for the contextual and individual usage. Evaluation is regarded as an inherent section of the teaching and learning procedures. As such, the current study intends to evaluate the pragmatic content of Cutting-Edge int ermediate text books (Sarah & Peter 2007), which are currently used in most ESL language colleges. Specifically, it analyzes the conversation sections of all Cutting-Edge intermediate books based on the two pragmatic variables: language functions and speech acts. , The study also investigates the provision of sufficient data with regard to context and meta-pragmatics included in these textbooks. The pragmatic taxonomies, Halliday’s (1978) and Searle’s (1976) models were employed in data analysis. The findings illustrated that pragmatic materials were not sufficient to develop learners’ second language pragmatic features. Furthermore, the conversation parts were not efficient and functional from the pragmatic point of view. Keywords: Cutting-Edge intermediate series; Development; ESL textbooks; Evaluation; L2 pragmatic competence

Intermediate text and the canonicity of world literature

The notion “intermediate text” refers to a somewhat neglected genre or type of text emerging through the mutual interaction between local literatures and world literature. “Intermediate text” as a category comprises texts from a local literature influenced by the hypercanon of world literature, yet at the same time approaching the canon from a critical and local perspective. Such intermediate texts play a role as critical mediators between the local and the global, also assuming the function of a contestatory canon from a local point of view as well as forming a “shadow canon” on the global scene. In this article, intermediate texts will be characterized by three features: historicity, mediation, and absorption. The primary texts are works by Mo Yan and Julian Barnes, both of whom, as a Nobel Prize winner and a Man Booker Prize winner, have a potential for acquiring both local and international canonicity. Inspired by William Faulkner and Gabriel García Márquez, Mo Yan builds on an international canon, while also creating works with strong Chinese elements. Unlike Mo Yan's intermediate texts, Julian Barnes's novels situate themselves within the network of canonical writers such as Gustave Flaubert, yet without “writing back” on local conditions.

“ІЗ МОЙРОНИ ВИЗАНТІЙКИ”: ПОГЛЯД ЧЕРЕЗ СТОЛІТТЯ

The article highlights Ivan Franko’s work on ancient plots during 1914-1916. Attention is focused on one of the chapters of his “Selection of �ld-Greek Poets”, namely on the translations “From Moero of Byzantium”. The author relies on the critical analysis of the text to ascertain the original used by I.Franko while translating Moero: the intermediate text was the German translation by Georg Thudichum, published in the fourth volume of his “Griechische Anthologie”, Stuttgart, 1858). The author of the article suggest his own translation of an excerpt from Moero’s poem “Mnemosyne”. Key words: Ivan Franko, Greek poetry, Moero of Byzantium, translations into Ukrainian, textual criticism, Translation Studies.

Juan Fernández de Heredia y Plutarco. Las Vidas Paralelas

Juan Fernandez de Heredia, Great Master of the Saint John of Jerusalem’s Order, passionate person for grecolatin culture and great humanist promoter, find hollow between his occupations as State man for promoting numerous works, and between these, a translation of the Plutarc’s Parallel Lives, which is recovered in this way for Occident. Two translators took order of such commission: one byzantine translator, Talodiqui, and one aragonese translator, Nicolaus; the latter translate what the byzantine translator had translated in byzantine language. The byzantine version has not arrived to us; yes, nevertheless, the byzantine version. This paper analyses several questions which have to see with the difficulty of a translator function not from the Plutarc’s aragonese text, but a intermediate text that have disappeared. Nevertheless, the aragones translation not ceases to see one linguistic invaluable document for the studious of romanist and aragonese language.

The Pauline Epistle to Philemon from Codex Vatican Arabic 13 (Ninth Century CE) Transcription and Study

Our aim in the present paper is to transcribe the Arabic translation of the Epistle to Philemon contained in Vat. Ar. 13 and analyse it from linguistic and translation viewpoints. This Arabic version shows that the translator based his translation on a Greek text, but he also made use of the Syriac version of the Peshīṭtā with a view to deciding on certain readings for exegetical or linguistic reasons. It is also possible that the translator used an intermediate secondary Aramaic text for revision purposes during the process of translating the Greek text into Arabic.

VarifocalReader--In-Depth Visual Analysis of Large Text Documents.

Interactive visualization provides valuable support for exploring, analyzing, and understanding textual documents. Certain tasks, however, require that insights derived from visual abstractions are verified by a human expert perusing the source text. So far, this problem is typically solved by offering overview-detail techniques, which present different views with different levels of abstractions. This often leads to problems with visual continuity. Focus-context techniques, on the other hand, succeed in accentuating interesting subsections of large text documents but are normally not suited for integrating visual abstractions. With VarifocalReader we present a technique that helps to solve some of these approaches' problems by combining characteristics from both. In particular, our method simplifies working with large and potentially complex text documents by simultaneously offering abstract representations of varying detail, based on the inherent structure of the document, and access to the text itself. In addition, VarifocalReader supports intra-document exploration through advanced navigation concepts and facilitates visual analysis tasks. The approach enables users to apply machine learning techniques and search mechanisms as well as to assess and adapt these techniques. This helps to extract entities, concepts and other artifacts from texts. In combination with the automatic generation of intermediate text levels through topic segmentation for thematic orientation, users can test hypotheses or develop interesting new research questions. To illustrate the advantages of our approach, we provide usage examples from literature studies.