The study analyzed the species composition of endemic Baikal sponges Lubomirskiidae in three areas of Lake Baikal. Listvyanka is a place with an increased anthropogenic load, while Bolshiye Koty (Varnachka pad) and Chernaya pad are less affected by the anthropogenic load and can be used as a background for comparison. A total of 168 samples of sponges Lubomirskiidae were collected, analyzed and divided into ten species. Frequently encountered species were: in Listvyanka – Lubomirskia baikalensis, Baikalospongia bacillifera, Baikalospongia intermedia; in Bolshie Koty – Baikalospongia intermedia, Lubomirskia incrustans, Lubomirskia baikalensis; in Chernaya village – Lubomirskia baikalensis, Swartschewskia papyracea, Baikalospongia recta. Similar data on the sponge species diversity in the three areas were demonstrated. 17 % of samples were not identified based on their morphology. The presence of samples with intermediate morphological characteristics indicates the incomplete species divergence within Lubomirskiidae, which is confirmed by the molecular methods. The results suggest that the mass disease of Baikal sponges is associated with climate changes rather than the anthropogenic factor.