Interior Of Bahia Research Articles

PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA HANSENÍASE NO MUNICÍPIO DE ITABUNA: UMA ANÁLISE DOS ÚLTIMOS CINCO ANOS

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, primarily affecting the skin, peripheral nerves, eyes, and upper respiratory tract. Although treatable, it remains a public health challenge, especially in areas with significant social vulnerability. In Itabuna, a municipality in the interior of Bahia, data indicates a significant prevalence of the disease, highlighting the need for more effective prevention and treatment strategies. Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze the epidemiological profile of leprosy in the municipality of Itabuna from 2019 to 2023. Justification: Leprosy remains a public health concern, especially in the most disadvantaged regions of Brazil, such as the state of Bahia. The research is justified by the need to better understand the social and epidemiological determinants of the disease.Methodology: This is an epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. Data collection was conducted using information from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). Data on incidence, distribution of cases by age group, sex, and race, as well as temporal trends and associated risk factors, were analyzed.Results and Discussion: The data analysis revealed that between 2019 and 2023, Itabuna recorded 149 cases of leprosy, with a distribution suggesting a high prevalence among adults, particularly in the age groups of 30 to 39 years and 50 to 59 years. The incidence rate was higher among men (47%) compared to women (53%), reflecting a trend observed in other studies, although the difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, the majority of cases were recorded among individuals of mixed race (55.7%), which may be linked to socioeconomic factors.Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of improving early diagnosis and access to treatment in order to reduce the prevalence of leprosy in Itabuna. The analysis revealed that the disease mainly affects adults in older age groups, with a predominance in men and individuals of mixed race. To reduce these rates, it is urgent to implement awareness strategies, active screening, and access to adequate treatment, along with actions aimed at improving living conditions and access to healthcare in the most vulnerable areas.

Profile of antimicrobial use and potential use of the defined daily dose in neonatology

One of the measures for monitoring microbial resistance is the calculation of the defined daily dose of antimicrobial agents. For this calculation, the weight of an adult of 70 kg is used as a standard, so that application in neonatology is not possible. The aim of this study is to describe the use profile and calculate the defined daily dose (DDD) of antimicrobials in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a public hospital in the interior of Bahia, Brazil. From March 2020 to December 2021, the medical records of 712 newborns admitted to a NICU between September 2018 and June 2020 were analyzed. A total of 410 newborns diagnosed with neonatal sepsis were included. The most used antimicrobials per patient were gentamicin (408/410; 99.5%), ampicillin (407; 99.3%), amikacin (29; 7.1%) and oxacillin (21; 5.1%), with a mean (SD) treatment duration of 9.8 (3.9) days. The most commonly used combination of antimicrobials was ampicillin with gentamicin, which was used in 406 patients (99.0%). The values for neonatal DDDs were on average 26 times lower than those for adult DDDs. The neonatal DDDs were similar to those observed in other studies. Ampicilin and cefepime were the antimicrobials for which the greatest differences were observed in neonatal DDDs compared with adult DDDs, which differed mainly between maintenance doses, reflecting the lack of international standards in neonatology. Standardization of DDDs as a surveillance measure has the potential to clarify the pattern of antimicrobial use in neonatal patients worldwide and, in particular, to prevent indiscriminate use and bacterial resistance.

A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DA SEXUALIDADE FEMININA EM IDADE MENSTRUAL NA POPULAÇÃO INTERIORANA BAIANA

Introduction - The redefinition of female sexuality at menstrual age in the interior population of Bahia has been observed and directly related to puberty and the period of menarche. In addition to these factors, there is also interference from living conditions, such as socioeconomic issues. Objective - To evaluate the redefinition of sexuality among young women, of menstrual age, in the interior population of Bahia. Method - Qualitative and quantitative study, whose study population is female, living in the interior of Bahia, of menstrual age. Its inclusion classifications include women of menstrual age and exclusion criteria include girls who have not yet experienced menstruation. The chosen study location was the interior of Bahia. Data collection will be through a form (GOOGLE FORMS) individual structure, which will use a questionnaire as an instrument, will be applied to 30 female people, in the period from April 30, two thousand and twenty one to July sixth, two thousand and twenty one. The variables will be women of menstrual age with an active sexual life. Results - In the period considered, the survey was carried out through a questionnaire carried out with 34 women anonymously. The age range ranges from 20 to 51 years, from different cities, including Salvador, Lauro de Freitas, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Jiquiriçá, Guanambi, among others, all in the state of Bahia. Regarding education level, 29.4% of women had completed higher education, 58.8% had incomplete higher education. The socioeconomic level varied greatly with only 3% of women classifying themselves as upper class, 30% of them middle class and 32% lower class and 35% of women did not answer the questions. Conclusion - It is concluded that the data developed in the study in question revealed that despite the majority of women having had a reasonable education and 100% of them knowing the risks of not using condoms, they still choose not to use them. This number is worrying because between 2009 and 2019 alone, the percentage of people between 13 and 17 years old who obtained a condom during their last sexual encounter fell from 72.5% to 59%. Among girls alone, the drop was from 69.1% to 53.5%, which is reflected in our research.

Health needs in a quilombo remnant community: access to medical care, exams and medicines

The aim is to understand the health needs of a quilombola community in the interior of Bahia. This is research, of an exploratory and cross-sectional nature, with a qualitative and analytical-descriptive approach, based on the Theories of Social Representations and Collective Memory. Carried out with 24 elderly people who lived in a Quilombo Remnant Community in the interior of Bahia. A questionnaire was applied with Sociodemographic and Health data, and other with Semi-structured Interview. The Bardin Content Analysis technique and the IRAMUTEQ computational tool were used. It was learned that the perception of the people interviewed regarding health needs in the community and with regard to access to medical assistance, exams and medicines, permeates a weakened understanding regarding the structuring guidelines of the Unified Health System, since the reality of these communities goes through basic difficulties in access to primary health care.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN FROM 0 TO 5 YEARS OF AGE IN A DISTRICT IN THE INTERIOR OF BAHIA

Introduction: Early childhood corresponds to the period from birth to 6 years of age, it is during this period that the child gains fundamental skills for the full development of various skills. However, many factors can influence this development, such as physical, family and social issues, social isolation, for example, caused a process of transformation of the domestic environment, which started to add a set of activities related to work, school and even even physical activity. The current context of the pandemic has generated impacts on education, family life, economic and global development of children, because with isolation, many activities were restricted, as well as the functioning of daycare centers and schools, which often played a fundamental role. in the nutrition of some children. Objective: To profile the global development of children aged 0 to 5 years in a district in the interior of Bahia. Materials and methods: The research was carried out in Capoeiruçu, district of Cachoeira-Ba, and children from 0 to 5 years old living in the district were included in the study. epidemiological; Ages & Stages Questionaires -3, and the Early Childhood Development Index 2030. The collected data were tabulated in a database in the Statistical Software Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Results: According to the analysis, about 47.20% of families survive with 2 or less minimum wages per month and 32.4% of parents have completed high school. In addition, 55.9% of mothers had health problems during pregnancy, such as anemia and hypertension. Another impacting factor is that 41.20% of these parents and caregivers were unemployed in the pandemic, reporting that 64.7% of these families were infected with the COVID-19 virus. Of the total number of families interviewed, 55.9% reported that their children became more dependent on activities such as playing, running or anything else. Conclusion: According to the results presented, we can point out that, although some of these children have some factors that may influence a deficit in global development, they still had a good income, as these qualities may be linked to the fact that the community is composed mainly by university students in the health area, which favors obtaining more information on issues related to the typical development of children.

Neurological sequelae in a patient with previous neurocysticercosis

Introduction Teniasis and cysticercosis are caused by the platelminth Taenia solium, a parasite that has in its cycle the pig and man. Teniasis occurs with the ingestion of raw or undercooked contaminated pork containing cysticercus. On the other hand, human cysticercosis occurs through ingestion of T. solium eggs through fresh vegetables, raw meat or contaminated water, in the body, the larvae migrate and acquire the cystic form, usually in the host's muscle tissue.Neurocysticercosis (NCC) develops when the invasion of the larvae occurs in the human central nervous system, found in the nervous tissue or in the intraventricular, subarachnoid, and spinal cord spaces, where there is circulation of CSF, leading to different clinical manifestations and prognosis. Objective To report the case of a patient with NCC with neurological complications at IIER. Case description Female, 37 years old, carrier of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2), migraine and structural epilepsy. She has a previous history of rheumatic fever in childhood and NCC since 2001, contracted when she lived in the interior of Bahia where she raised pigs and ate this meat, treated at IIER in May/2019. A headache associated with absence and vertigo crises began in October/2020 as consequences of NCC, reasons for which the patient was hospitalized and later referred to the neurology outpatient clinic, after CSF analysis without evident alterations.The patient was admitted to the IIER with a history of intermittent vertigo for 2 days and shooting headache in the right frontal region of the skull, in addition to the return of absence seizures until then extinct since the last hospitalization in October/2020, accompanied by the neurologist physician who increased valproic acid from 1.25g to 1.5g a day, also reported that this time, presents very significant worsening of vertigo. (To see the complet abstract, please, check out the PDF.)

Gastrointestinal parasites in wild and exotic animals from a zoo in the State of Bahia, Brazil - first record

Parasitic infections can be a serious health problem for wild animals kept in captivity, however, coproparasitological assessments in Brazilian zoos are scarce and spaced. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of endoparasites in the feces of wild and exotic captive animals in the zoo of Matinha Municipal Park, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil, the only zoo in the interior of Bahia, through the Mini-FLOTAC® technique, providing subsidies for the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of parasitized animals. From May to August 2022, 124 stool samples from 35 species of reptiles, birds and mammals were collected. Analyzes were performed using the Mini-FLOTAC® technique in combination with Fill-FLOTAC®. The results show that 70.97% of the samples were positive for at least one gastrointestinal parasite. Birds (76.7%; 33/43) were the most parasitized animals. Twenty-seven taxa of gastrointestinal parasites were identified, whether cysts, oocysts or eggs, being 8 protozoans and 19 helminths, with a predominance of coccidia, Oxyurideae and Angusticaecum sp. for reptiles, coccidia, Ascaridia spp., Heterakis spp. and Strongyloides spp. for birds, coccidia, Ancylostomatidae, Strongylida and Strongyloides spp. for mammals. In summary, the results presented reveal the importance of periodically carrying out coproparasitological examinations in zoos, in order to subsidize interventions by the technical team to promote the health and well-being of animals. This work constitutes the first publication on the coproparasitological evaluation of animals from a zoo in the state of Bahia.

Territory, neglected diseases and the action of community and endemic combat agents.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To characterize knowledge, practices, and professional experience of community health agents (ACS) and endemic combat agents (ACE) on leprosy and Chagas disease (DC), during participation in an integrated training workshop in the IntegraDTNs-Bahia project.METHODS Descriptive and exploratory case study, involving health agents and endemic combat agents participating in a training workshop on the shared role of these professionals in health care and surveillance processes. The project was developed in the municipalities of Anagé, Tremedal and Vitória da Conquista, in the southwestern State of Bahia, 2019–2020. A specific instrument was applied, with questions related to knowledge and practices of surveillance and care for leprosy and Chagas disease. Descriptive analysis of the data, in addition to consolidation of the lexical analysis, was performed.RESULTS Out of a total of 135 participants (107 ACS and 28 ACE), 80.7% of them have been working for at least 12 years, without previous participation in joint training processes. Only 17.9% of endemic combat agentes reported having participated in training on leprosy and none reported developing specific actions to control the disease. For Chagas disease, 36.4% of community health agents participated in training more than a decade before, while for 60.7% of endemic combat agents the last training was carried out in the last five years. The development of educational actions for Chagas disease was more frequent for endemic combat agents (64.3%). When asked about ways of recognizing diseases, the term “skin spots” was the most reported (38 times) for leprosy and, for Chagas disease, the term “I don’t know” (17 times).CONCLUSION Processes of health agents and endemic combat agents action in realities endemic for leprosy and Chagas disease in the interior of Bahia proved to be fragmented in the territories. For these diseases, the distance between surveillance and health care actions is reinforced, including in training processes. The importance of innovative permanent and integrated education actions is reiterated to actually promote changes in practices.

Clinical pharmacist interventions in a hospital emergency

Objective: To identify the types of interventions performed by clinical pharmacists in an intensive care unit and in the emergency of a hospital in the interior of Bahia. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out in a regional reference hospital for 27 cities, from May to August 2019. A form designed for the research was used, considering the interventions registered in the patient’s medical record. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of categorical variables. Results: 814 interventions were performed in 102 patients, with a median of 14 and an interquartile range of 23. Of the most frequent interventions, 36.2% were related to drug interactions, with 99.2% being monitored (p<0.001); 10.8% dosage adjustment in renal failure interventions with 72.7% not accepted (p<0.001); 8.5% for dose interval with 73.9% not accepted (p<0.001) and 6.1% of interventions that involved orientation (nursing guidelines) with 73.9% that were monitored (p<0.001). Of the total interventions, 63.8% took place in the intensive care unit, 52.7% in male patients and 66.7% in people aged ≥ 60 years. Regarding the use of alerts, 53.4% of the interventions that were accepted had alerts (p<0.001). 46.7% were directed to the medical team; 44.9% for more than one professional; 5.8% for nurses; and 2.6% for nursing technicians. The drugs related to the interventions performed were grouped according to the ATC classification, as follows: 20.5% in group J-Antiinfectives for systemic use, 18.8% in group A-Alimentary tract and metabolism; 12.4% of the C-Cardiovascular sistem device group. Conclusion: The number of interventions performed, as well as the population and sectors assisted demonstrate the importance of the clinical pharmacist inserted in the multidisciplinary team in the care of critically ill patients.

Uso de medicamentos entre adolescentes rurais quilombolas e não quilombolas no interior da Bahia, Brasil

This study aims to describe the use of prescribed and non-prescribed medications and associated factors among adolescents living in rural, quilombolas and non-quilombolas communities in the interior of Bahia, Brazil. This is a population-based survey with 390 adolescents between 10 and 19 years old in 2015. Prevalence and odds ratio for use of prescribed and non-prescribed medication, and multiple analysis was conducted by Multinomial Logistic Regression. Among the interviewees, 13.6% used only prescribed medications and 14.4% only used non-prescribed medications. Quilombolas demonstrated a greater diversity of pharmaceutical specialties used. The low prevalence of medication use in both groups of adolescents suggests less access to these products. Despite this, it was observed the irrational use of medication, mainly as self-medication. Quilombola adolescents, although they belong to the same area of coverage of other communities, presented different associated factors when compared to the non-quilombola group: the presence of toothache in the last 6 months and have had a regular source of care increased the use of prescribed medications.

Acolhimento em um centro de atenção psicossocial: relato de experiência de um médico em formação

Abstract: Introduction: Services aimed at psychosocial care are essential for guaranteeing the rights of the assisted population, acquiring a long process, and still current, called Psychiatric Reform, with a public policy design of strategies and programs for the effectiveness of care aimed at the individual and their social context. Among these, embracement stands out as an interlocutor in the processes that involve the user of the Psychosocial Care Network and the services provided by the health units, with emphasis on the Psychosocial Care Center and in particular care related to alcohol and drug users (CAPSad). The present experience report aims to present the nuances of embracement present in the services and activities provided by a CAPSad in a municipality in the interior of Bahia and the importance of this experience for medical training. Experience report: the experiences were presented in four moments: first contacts and the experience of getting to know the CAPSad; Symposium on the care of users of alcohol and other drugs, monitoring medical consultations in mental health and carrying out activities in the waiting room and with therapeutic groups. Discussion: The experiences of comprehensive mental health care enabled the medical student to experience embracement and the singularities of psychosocial care; understand the vulnerabilities of people who use alcohol and illicit drugs; the importance of the family in the care process; participate in medical consultations based on the Person-Centered Clinical Method; as well as multiprofessional care for the integrality of health actions. Conclusion: Comprehensive mental health care constitutes a challenging and necessary topic for the training of the future physician. The inclusion of the student in the psychosocial care network favors the processes aimed at teaching-learning and strengthens the teaching-service-community integration.

Prevalence and factors associated with symptoms of depression in family members of people hospitalized in the intensive care unit.

To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with depression in family members of people hospitalized in intensive care units. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 980 family members of patients admitted to the intensive care units of a large public hospital in the interior of Bahia. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-8. The multivariate model consisted of the following variables: sex and age of the patient, sex and age of the family member, education level, religion, living with the family member, previous mental illness and anxiety. Depression had a prevalence of 43.5%. In the multivariate analysis, the model with the best representativeness indicated that factors associated with a higher prevalence of depression were being female (39%), age younger than 40 years (26%) and previous mental illness (38%). A higher education level was associated with a 19% lower prevalence of depression in family members. The increase in the prevalence of depression was associated with female sex, age younger than 40 years and previous psychological problems. Such elements should be valued in actions aimed at family members of people hospitalized in intensive care.

PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DO TRAUMA FACIAL EM UM HOSPITAL REGIONAL DO INTERIOR DA BAHIA

Introdução: Estudos retrospectivos sobre trauma facial são importantes para quantificar sua demanda para os serviços de saúde, além de contribuir para o planejamento de ações de educação e prevenção. Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo traçar o perfil epidemiológico do trauma facial em um hospital regional do interior da Bahia. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, transversal, por meio de análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de pacientes vítimas de trauma facial, atendidos no Hospital Geral Prado Valadares, em Jequié-BA, durante o período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2014. A análise estatística foi descritiva, sendo calculada em proporções e frequências absolutas e relativas. Resultados: Foram analisados 499 prontuários e observou-se que o sexo masculino (81,56%) e a etnia parda (50,30%) foram os mais acometidos pelo trauma facial. A faixa etária de maior prevalência foi de 19 a 59 anos (69,54%). O principal fator etiológico foi o acidente por motocicleta (30,06%) e houve elevada prevalência de traumatismo cranioencefálico (33,47%). Conclusões: No período estudado, verificou-se que indivíduos do sexo masculino, adultos jovens e de etnia parda foram os mais acometidos pelo trauma facial. Os traumas relacionados aos acidentes de trânsito em geral (acidentes com automóvel, motocicleta, bicicleta e atropelamento) foram os mais prevalentes.

Potential drug interactions and profile of antimicrobials prescribed for outpatient use in the interior of Bahia

This study aimed to analyze the profile of antimicrobials and potential drug interactions, involving these drugs, prescribed for outpatient use in the interior of Bahia. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out based on the analysis of 404 antimicrobial prescriptions listed in the DRC no. 20/2011, made available by the store of a chain of pharmacies, referring to the period of May 2018. The analysis of drug interactions (IM) was made using the MICROMEDEX® version 2.0 database (2011). The most prescribed class of antimicrobials was that of β-lactams (27.7%), followed by macrolides (25.3%) and fluoroquinolones (18.3%). As for the drugs prescribed in combination, there was a predominance of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (23.3%) and analgesics (19.8%). A total of 20 different drug interactions were observed, involving antimicrobials, most frequently for ciprofloxacin. After analyzing the interactions, it was possible to verify the risks related to drug associations that can be minimized with the analysis of the prescription by a pharmaceutical professional and alert systems in electronic prescription.

NA ERA TECNOLÓGICA, EM VIAS DO ESQUECIMENTO: ESTUDO DA ATUAL SITUAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL DE ESTUDANTES DE ALGUMAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DO INTERIOR DA BAHIA, NO PERÍODO DA PANDEMIA COVID-19

Este escrito traz uma abordagem sobre a visão de alguns estudantes do ensino fundamental II e do ensino médio de escolas públicas do interior da Bahia, sobre como pensam as suas atuais situações educacionais em meio à pandemia causada pela COVID-19, motivo o qual as aulas presencias foram totalmente suspensas. Sobre o prisma das (im)possibilidades do acesso às TICs pelos estudantes, observamos o possível alargamento das suas autonomias educacionais, bem como impulsionamento de suas posturas critica reflexivas e, a partir destas, a busca pelo empreendimento de suas próprias aprendizagens escolares. Buscamos externar as dificuldades de aprendizado em tempos pandêmicos; as exclusões digitais, cujas discrepâncias tornaram-se mais evidentes mediante a crise ocasionada pelo coronavírus. A partir de abordagem qualitativa e atividade de escuta dos sujeitos colaboradores em seus lugares e contextos, utilizando o instrumento entrevistas on line, buscamos dialogar com alguns autores como (Lemos, 2015); (Nicolaci–da-Costa, 2009); (Lévy 1999); (Silva, 2011); (Freire, 2006); (Amiél, 2018) e com os estudantes, jovens e adolescentes colaboradores buscando traçar uma imagem da realidade tangente a partir da visão destes sujeitos.
 Palavras -chave: Escola pública. Pandemia. Estudantes. Exclusão digital. Autonomia.

Aspectos simbólicos da amputação de membros inferiores na perspectiva da psicologia junguiana

INTRODUÇÃO: Com elevada incidência clínica, a amputação é um processo complexo de retirada total ou parcial de um órgão situado numa extremidade. Além das repercussões orgânicas e sociais, a amputação também mobiliza representações, ideias e afetos que interferem nas ações, pensamentos e sentimentos, demandando ressignificação das perdas. OBJETIVO: Analisar os aspectos simbólicos presentes no processo de amputação e os complexos associados para além da literalidade corporal. MÉTODO: Pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, do tipo estudo de caso, realizada num hospital público do interior da Bahia. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e coletados dados de prontuário, ambos analisados através da análise de conteúdo à luz da Psicologia Analítica (Junguiana). RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Os resultados evidenciaram três categorias narrativas, sendo o impacto dos participantes frente à notícia da amputação; os aspectos emocionais e percepções frente ao pós operatório e as construções simbólicas frente à amputação. A discussão mostrou que a amputação é encarada como uma perda associada principalmente à ativação dos complexos da vida e da morte, do inválido e do guerreiro. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que o processamento simbólico é dinâmico e individualizado, podendo o psicólogo atuar na simbolização da experiência ainda no internamento hospitalar, potencializando estratégias de cuidado dos aspectos subjetivos.

Aplicabilidade prática de uma cartilha sobre punção venosa periférica: estudo com familiares de crianças hospitalizadas

Objetivo: verificar a aplicabilidade prática da cartilha “Punção venosa periférica para família” junto aos familiares acompanhantes de crianças hospitalizadas em um hospital pediátrico do interior da Bahia. Método: estudo prospectivo realizado com 44 familiares, no período de julho a outubro de 2016. Foram avaliados 23 itens, categorizados em linguagem, ilustração, layout e motivação. Para a análise dos dados foram realizadas as frequências absolutas e relativas, adotando como consenso desejável os valores superiores a 70% de concordância. Também, aplicou-se o Teste de Legibilidade de Flesch para verificar a compreensão do texto da cartilha. Resultados: a cartilha apresentou aplicabilidade prática com avaliação satisfatória dos participantes, obtendo mais de 70% de aprovação em todas as variáveis avaliadas e alcançando nível de legibilidade de 70%. Conclusão: a cartilha pode ser utilizada como uma ferramenta na promoção de cuidado aos familiares de crianças submetidas à Cateterização Intravenosa Periférica.

Conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem que atua em unidade de terapia intensiva sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar

Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem que atua em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) sobre o atendimento ao paciente em parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) e ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP), segundo as diretrizes da American Heart Association publicadas até 2018. Metodologia: estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, envolvendo 50 profissionais de Enfermagem que trabalham em uma UTI pública do interior da Bahia. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre junho e agosto de 2019 por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado envolvendo caracterização do sujeito e conhecimento sobre PCR. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva simples. Resultados:76% dos profissionais tinha conhecimento para identificar uma PCR. Houve baixa porcentagem de profissionais que acertaram os sinais antecedentes e secundários de PCR; quanto às manobras de RCP, destaca-se que a profundidade das compressões teve baixa assertividade (8,33%) por parte dos técnicos de enfermagem. Além disso, a frequência correta das compressões, bem como o período de interrupção da mesma, teve porcentagens de acertos próximos a 50%. Dos profissionais, 90% não sabiam qual o posicionamento adequado das pás do desfibrilador em um paciente com marcapasso. Apesar de 92% dos profissionais afirmarem que se sentiam preparados para o atendimento de RCP, apenas 14% obteve média de acertos ≥70% classificado como conhecimento satisfatório. Conclusão: a equipe de enfermagem possui conhecimento insatisfatório sobre o tema proposto, pois muitos profissionais fundamentam suas condutas em diretrizes anteriores.

Reflexões sobre os protocolos do Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente em um hospital público

O Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente (PNSP) foi instituído no Brasil, em 2013, com o intuito de contribuir com a qualificação do cuidado em todos os estabelecimentos de saúde do território nacional. Objetivo: Descrever as reflexões sobre a implantação dos protocolos do Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente em um hospital público. Método: trata-se de relato de experiência, a partir de observação in loco, sobre a possibilidade de implantação dos protocolos do PNSP em um hospital público no interior da Bahia. Resultados e discussão: A implantação dos protocolos esbarra em entraves, como a falta destes protocolos na unidade, deficiências na estrutura física, aquisição e manutenção de materiais de consumo e permanentes, e inconsistência da cultura de segurança do paciente na instituição. Como fator positivo, o hospital possui o Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente, que pode elaborar os protocolos voltados à realidade local e os indicadores para monitoramento, e planejar as ações para sua implantação. Conclusão: Os protocolos são viáveis para implantação no hospital do estudo, devendo ser encorajados sua implementação e seguimento.

Dieta hospitalar: aceitação e fatores clínicos e nutricionais associados

Objective: To evaluate the acceptance of the diet and the associated factors in hospitalized patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with adult and elderly patients admitted to a hospital in the interior of Bahia. Nutritional assessment included the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and Body Mass Index (BMI). The acceptance of the diet and the factors that influenced its consumption were assessed by means of an adapted questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS®. Results: Thirty patients were included, mostly women (73.3%), with a mean age of 55.1 ± 21.7 years. As for the nutritional status, 46.7% of the evaluated patients were eutrophic by BMI. In relation to the elderly, it was observed that half of them were at nutritional risk or malnutrition due to MNA. The average daily acceptance of the diet was 71.9%, with morning and afternoon snacks being the best accepted meals. Only about 40% of patients consumed >75% of large meals. Temperature and time were the characteristics best evaluated, whereas the attributes presentation, smell and taste had lower percentages of good/ great for dinner and supper, while the morning snack was the best evaluated meal. It was found that the nutritional risk / malnutrition diagnosed by MNA (p = 0.001) and BMI (p = 0.037), the presence of inappetence (p <0.001), nausea and vomiting (p = 0.019) and bed restriction (p = 0.024) were associated with less acceptance of the diet. Conclusion: There was good acceptance of the hospital diet, but clinical and nutritional factors are associated with a lower dietary intake. Clinical-nutritional assessment, monitoring of food acceptance and improvements in food service are necessary to optimize the food intake of hospitalized patients.