Interior Decoration Research Articles

Study on the effect of residential interior decoration on children’s respiratory diseases: A field trial conducted in Chongqing, China

Pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene series compounds and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) released by residential interior decoration activities (including household renovation and new furniture) pose a severe threat to children’s respiratory health. To study the effect of indoor decoration on children’s respiratory diseases and provide suggestions to prevent it, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey amongst 6547 preschoolers from 34 kindergartens in Chongqing, China, and selected 39 houses to measure their indoor air pollutants concentrations. The results showed that household decoration, during pregnancy and early childhood, would increase the risk of children’s rhinitis, asthma and pneumonia. Vacancy time after the completion of decoration, furniture pieces and decoration materials significantly affected the concentration of formaldehyde, xylene and TVOC, which could pose a potential risk to children’s respiratory health. The concentration of xylene and TVOC and the incidence of children’s asthma and pneumonia were both negatively correlated with the vacancy time. Decoration materials such as composite and ceramic tile/stone/cement flooring and water-based/latex/oil-based paints emit more gaseous pollutants than solid wood flooring and wallpaper, respectively, which were more likely to increase the risk of children’s respiratory diseases. Adequate ventilation and air purification can reduce the impact of home decoration.

HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF THE TRAINING OF DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS SPECIALISTS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE

The paper examines the historical aspects of the development specialists in decorative and applied arts training in Ukraine on the example of porcelain production (late 18th century – today) and its current state abroad. In line with the issue of introduction of this direction of decorative and applied art in our country, examples of its flourishing in the cities of Koret (production of baroque Meissen porcelain), Baranivka, Hrodnytsia, Dovbysh (Iliinskyi Manufactory, Markhlov Factory, Dovbysh Porcelain Factory, Polonsky Porcelain Factory); Poltava, Boryslav, Sumy, Ternopil (opening of porcelain factories in 1965) are characterized. It has been found that along with the foundation and development of porcelain industries there were professional schools focused on training skilled craftsmen to work in the factory, in particular schools in Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv; Myrhorod Art and Industrial School in Poltava region, etc.). The high-quality training of pottery and porcelain and faience specialists, teachers of graphic arts and drawing, masters of artistic decoration of products ready to perform significant amounts of physical work - making tiles, bulky dishes, decorating the facades of churches, houses, fireplaces, creating sculptures, interior and exterior decorations - was facilitated by the activities of famous artists and teachers S. Maslenikov, O. Slastion, and V. Krychevskyi, who also supervised the production of outstanding works and participation in industrial exhibitions. Key words: decorative and applied arts, ethnological training of specialists, porcelain production, domestic and foreign experience, ethnography.

The Cultural Construction of the Domestic Space in France: Women’s Lived Experience and the Materialization of Customs

This article explores the intersecting processes of construction of the home, social, and individual identities through domestic practices inside French housing. It examines the design and occupation of French homes as crucial moments for the consolidation of subjectivities, beliefs, and ideologies manifested through daily actions that are influenced by normative cultural systems. In specific, it looks at codified domestic behaviours and their aesthetic dimension, focusing on how the French “art of living” has influenced taste, design, appropriation, and decoration of domestic interiors. Architectural treatises along with etiquette manuals are analysed as they both represent—through the written word and architectural drawings—cultural and gender stereotypes as well as societal norms and expectations that inform housing design and domestic practices. These documents directly assist in the cultural construction of the domestic space, uncovering mechanisms of reproduction and representation that inform the use and design of residential architecture. By focusing on women’s lived experiences, this research looks at the consolidation of feminine domestic cultures and how they fostered small-scale physical transformations of dwellings’ interiors through daily negotiations that define self-identity and interpersonal power relations. These dynamics are referred to as “cultural domesticity.” The latter frames this study along with feminist literature, situating women’s contribution to the aesthetic and spatial development of French apartments. What emerges from this study is that the French state historically exercised a regulatory power that impacted daily life and housing design.

Thermoplastic-polymer matrix composite of banana/betel nut husk fiber reinforcement: Physico-mechanical properties evaluation

Abstract Reinforced composite made of polypropylene combining banana and betel nut husk fiber (BBF) was treated with 10% NaOH (w/w). The fiber percentages of 40%, 50%, and 60% were used using the compression molding process. Properties such as tensile, bending, impact, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and water absorption were assessed as composite reinforcements. The composites with 50% BBF reinforcement performed better than composites with different fiber compositions. While 40% BBF-reinforced showed superior results in tensile, bending, and water absorption tests, the impact and TGA analyses provided comparatively lower results. The tensile strength (36 MPa), bending strength (78 MPa), energy absorption (2.4 Nm), thermal resistance (300–583°), and the maximum level of characteristics were attained. This work demonstrated the feasibility of repurposing waste banana stems and betel nut husks for interior decoration, furniture, and automobile bodies in fiber-reinforced hybrid composites, replacing expensive and environmentally hazardous artificial materials due to their mechanical capabilities.

Research on the influence of vehicle durability vibration on gap flush of exterior trim parts

Maintaining the newness of a vehicle is currently significant concern for users and vehicle companies. The gap difference between interior and exterior trims plays a crucial role in the overall appearance of vehicles. Over time, the gap and flush parameters of these trims may change due to the movement of components, putting forward higher requirements for the assembly accuracy and reliability design of automotive products. This article presents a study where a test car is subjected to endurance vibration on a wheel-coupled vibration bench. Through measuring the changes in gaps and flushes between the exterior trim parts at different endurance mileage intervals, the variation patterns are obtained. Using dimensional engineering technology, the effects of durable vibration on the gaps and flushes of the vehicle's exterior trim parts were determined. This study provides a foundation for the design of new interior and exterior decoration parts in automobiles. It also offers valuable insights for product design, development, and quality improvement. Problems can be predicted in advance in the early stage of design, and closely coordinate various aspects of production and manufacturing to obtain products with higher standards, requirements, and quality.

APPLICATION OF AUTOCAD SYSTEM FOR COMPUTER DESIGN IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES

Environmental protection technologies touch different issues, including modern technologies and the latest materials in the decoration of interiors and exteriors, modern equipment for ventilation, interior heating, modern lighting systems and energy-saving technologies, modern methods of project activities of an interior or exterior designer. AutoCad automated design system is a technology that allows you to ensure predictability, speed and quality of work with projects when creating and applying environmental protection and interior and exterior elements. The ability to develop accurate models and perform visualization in 3D improves the perception of what is being designed or developed.

The Removal of Formaldehyde from Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive by Sodium Borohydride Treatment and Its Application in Plywood.

The global production of plywood is constantly increasing as its application in the furniture and interior decoration industry becomes more widespread. An urgent issue is how to decrease the formaldehyde released from plywood, considering its carcinogenic effect on humans and harm to the environment. Reducing the free formaldehyde content of the urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesives used in the preparation process is considered an effective method. Therefore, it is necessary to identify a new type of formaldehyde scavengers. Here, the strongly reducing substance sodium borohydride was used to reduce and degrade the free formaldehyde in UF adhesives, and its effects on the properties of the UF adhesive and plywood were studied. When 0.7% sodium borohydride was added to the UF adhesive with a molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea of 1.4:1, the free formaldehyde content of the UF resin decreased to 0.21%, which is 53% lower than that of the untreated control. Moreover, the formaldehyde released from the plywood was reduced to 0.81 mg/L, ~45% lower than that from the group. The bonding strength of the treated samples could reach ~1.1 MPa, which was only reduced by ~4% compared to that of the control. This study of removing formaldehyde from UF adhesive by reduction could provide a new approach for suppressing formaldehyde release from the final products.

A New Element in Interior Decoration in 18th and 19th Century Ottoman Mansions: Istanbul Panoramas of Kalemişi as Wall Paintings

With the start of the Period of Westernization in Ottoman architecture at the beginning of the 18th century, not only palaces and shoreside residences of the sultans, but also kiosks (köşk), mansions (konak), summer pavilions (kasır), and other civil structures such as waterfront residences (yalı) came under the influence of European styles in interior decoration. A significant movement in civil architecture began in this period and it was first the Baroque, Rocaille and Empire styles that made their imprint on Ottoman structures, followed subsequently by other Western trends. A new element that appeared in the program of westernization in architecture that was applied to palaces, shoreside residences of the sultan, kiosks, pavilions and yalı’s was kalemişi wall paintings. The subjects of this decorative artwork, most of which was created by foreign architects, were landscapes and urban panoramas rather than geometric or floral decorations. The city panoramas mostly depicted Istanbul, the capital of both Anatolia and the Balkans. The aim of this article is to introduce examples of structures of Ottoman residential architecture that began, as from the second half of the 18th century, to boast of kalemişi wall paintings and to demonstrate how those depicting urban panoramas were primarily devoted to Istanbul and embodied a reflection of the influence these paintings had on the westernization movement.

Customer Satisfaction Towards Maruti Suzuki Car in Gorakhpur City

The vehicle industry in India rose to become the fourth biggest globally. Maruti Suzuki is one of the few automakers with extensive knowledge of the Indian market. As of December 2023, it has a 36.50 percent market share, making it the biggest automotive maker. Customer decision-making is a complicated process. Choosing the goods or services to purchase requires a number of steps. The researcher has tried to find out which Maruti Suzuki vehicle brand the customers prefer and to examine consumer satisfaction in study area. This research covers the ways for raising consumer awareness of Maruti Suzuki vehicles, the variables affecting consumers' purchasing decisions, and the degree of customer satisfaction with these vehicles. By computing the weighted average score for each influential aspect, the ranking system based on positive responses is used to assess the degree of consumer satisfaction with Maruti Suzuki cars. The customers express dissatisfaction with the air cooler facility, interior decorating, and after-sale support. Positively, the majority of buyers express great satisfaction with the engine performance, driving comfort, style/color, and safety. Key words: Maruti Suzuki Car, Customer Satisfaction, Factors Affecting, After Sales Service.

Stylistic Analysis of the Holy Icons from Saint George Church in Yenikoy, Istanbul

The main subject of the research is to analyse the multi-themed sacred proskynetarion icons in Yeniköy Ayios Yeoryios (St. George) Metochion Church, one of the three metochion churches of the Jerusalem Orthodox Patriarchate in Istanbul. Although it is known that the icons found in the metochion churches in Istanbul have not been studied before, the icons belonging to the church in Yeniköy from these structures were included in the research. Due to the limitations of the article, which prevented the evaluation of all the icons in the church, the research focused solely on the technical and stylistic features of the multi-themed proskynetarion icons. Proskynetarions, also known as the pilgrim icons, contain depictions of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem due to their characteristics. The presence of proskynetarions in this place is directly related to the fact that Yeniköy Ayios Yeoryios Church is a Metochion affiliated to the Jerusalem Patriarchate. Icons are accepted as important works of art in the frame of art history, as well as their liturgical role as manifestation and visual representations of the sacred. It is important to reveal such previously unpublished works, to evaluate them iconographically and to bring them to the art history literature with their semantic context. In the study, a brief historical overview of the status of the Jerusalem Orthodox Patriarchate and the relations between the two patriarchates is presented. At the same time, the location of the building, the architectural plan type, the periodical features in the exterior and interior decoration are mentioned.

Key Points for Quality Control of Fine Decoration Delivery in Real Estate Enterprise

With the increasingly development of real estate in China, coupled with the strong promotion of the delivery of fine decoration products for commercial housing in developed cities in China, the delivery of fine decoration products for commercial housing has become the mainstream of residential development developed cities in China. Due to the late start of real estate development in China, there is relatively little experience in delivering finished products for fine decoration of commercial residential buildings. At the same time, homeowners have high requirements for fine decoration delivery, and there is a situation of "making trouble every time" in some cities, which puts Chinese real estate development enterprises in a disadvantaged position in delivering fine decoration houses. How to strengthen the quality of interior decoration projects for commercial residential buildings and improve delivery satisfaction is an urgent problem that real estate enterprises are facing.

Surface decorated cement-bonded particleboards from wood residues: An integrated performance evaluation

The disadvantages of cement-bonded particleboards (CBPBs) such as dark colour, bad surface roughness and low comfort performance severely limited their application in architectural interior decoration. Here, polyurethane (PU) and Birch veneer were applied to fabricate surface decorated CBPBs for further enhancing their decoration performances. PU- and Birch veneer-decorated CBPBs were successfully produced with graceful appearances. The mechanical property, thermal conductivity, and flame-retardant performances of surface decorated CBPBs were investigated. Results revealed that the veneer-decorated CBPBs exhibited higher modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) than the Original CBPBs, whereas the PU-decorated CBPBs did not demonstrate any improvement in these properties. Moreover, the surface decorated CBPBs displayed superior thermal insulation performances in comparison to the Original CBPBs with the lowest thermal conductivity being ∼0.1 W·m−1·K−1. The cone calorimeter test indicated that the flame retardancy of CBPBs would decrease after surface decoration due to the inherent flammability of PU and Birch veneer, but the combustion could remain confined to the surface layer. The cement-wood ratio exerts a noteworthy influence on the thickness swelling (TS), MOR and MOE of Veneer-decorated CBPBs. As the ratio elevated from 1.0 to 2.0, a substantial reduction in TS was observed, concomitant with a notable increase in both MOR and MOE. Overall, this study presented a simple and practical approach for the utilization of CBPBs as architectural interior decoration with higher mechanical properties and lower thermal conductivity.

An equation for the ‘weather glass’

The ‘weather glass’, containing air and (usually) water, is a compact barometer, less accurate but more convenient than the Torricellian barometer of 1644. The weather glass pre-dates the Torricellian barometer, and coexisted with it until it was out-competed from about 1860 by the more accurate, comparably compact aneroid barometer. Today, the weather glass is sold as an elegant interior decoration and is also constructible in a student laboratory. Elementary physics allows one to model its response to changing pressure at constant temperature and also the adjustments that need to be made if the temperature varies. In an air- and water-containing weather glass, the principal factor affecting movements of the water level is the expansion and contraction of the atmospheric nitrogen, oxygen, and argon in a headspace above the water, well represented by the ideal gas law. The water acts primarily as a piston allowing the expansion and contraction to be observed. In contrast, Torricellian and aneroid barometers respond directly to the pressure difference between the atmosphere and a vacuum.

헝가리 민족의 문화적 정체성과 분리파 양식

During the late 19th century, the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy brought modern transformations to Hungary, as a result of political compromise. Hungary, which was primarily an agrarian and underdeveloped nation, rapidly evolved into an industrial and agricultural state during this era. This transformation significantly influenced Hungary’s social structure, culture, and art fields. Additionaly, during the Dual Monarchy, Hungary actively pursued cultural exchanges with major European cities. This period laid the foundation for internationalization and Europeanization, while emphasizing national characteristics and originality. The influx and expansion of diverse pan-European cultural and artistic trends in Hungary were prominent during this time. The Hungarian Secession style played a pivotal role in creating a unique style grounded in the nation’s traditional folk motifs, which was influenced by modernism and avant-garde tendencies. The Hungarian Secession style in architecture aimed to go beyond static societal, philosophical, scientific, and artistic positivism by showcasing intricate trends. Stylization and ornamentation were utilized as a response to naturalism and as a continuation of symbolism and artistic abstraction.
 This style is characterized by organic and curvilinear lines inspired by nature, which are present in both the exteriors and interior decorations of buildings. The architecture style of Hungary in the early 20th century was characterized by complex decorations and bright, diverse colors, especially in tile and glasswork. Buildings were not only functional spaces but also used to express cultural identity. In the field of art, Hungarian artists emphasized national identity by combining traditional folk art and patterns with contemporary styles in their works, often featuring plants, animals, and other natural elements. During this period, literature utilized metaphor and synesthesia as tools for stylization and ornamentation. The preferred genres were dramas, fairy tales, fantastical short stories, psychological novels, and lyric poetry. The focus was on expressing inner worlds and life's sentiments directly. The Secession style had a significant influence on the genre of short stories and played a crucial role in literary journalism of the time. This movement emphasized the cultural and national values of the economically prosperous liberal middle class, recognizing traditional Christian national values and the aesthetic tastes of the middle class. The new realism of writers such as Móricz Zsigmond and Babits Mihály would have been impossible without this style.
 The Hungarian Secession style originated from the attempts of Hungarian artists to combine national traditions and folk art with a contemporary style. The performance particularly highlighted national and folkloric elements, demonstrating a distinctive way of expressing regional characteristics and national identity in Hungary.

Sustainable Innovation: Fabrication and Characterization of Mycelium-Based Green Composites for Modern Interior Materials Using Agro-Industrial Wastes and Different Species of Fungi.

Mycelium-based bio-composites (MBCs) represent a sustainable and innovative material with high potential for contemporary applications, particularly in the field of modern interior design. This research investigates the fabrication of MBCs for modern interior materials using agro-industrial wastes (bamboo sawdust and corn pericarp) and different fungal species. The study focuses on determining physical properties, including moisture content, shrinkage, density, water absorption, volumetric swelling, thermal degradation, and mechanical properties (bending, compression, impact, and tensile strength). The results indicate variations in moisture content and shrinkage based on fungal species and substrate types, with bamboo sawdust exhibiting lower shrinkage. The obtained density values range from 212.31 to 282.09 kg/m3, comparable to traditional materials, suggesting MBCs potential in diverse fields, especially as modern interior elements. Water absorption and volumetric swelling demonstrate the influence of substrate and fungal species, although they do not significantly impact the characteristics of interior decoration materials. Thermal degradation analysis aligns with established patterns, showcasing the suitability of MBCs for various applications. Scanning electron microscope observations reveal the morphological features of MBCs, emphasizing the role of fungal mycelia in binding substrate particles. Mechanical properties exhibit variations in bending, compression, impact, and tensile strength, with MBCs demonstrating compatibility with traditional materials used in interior elements. Those produced from L. sajor-caju and G. fornicatum show especially promising characteristics in this context. Particularly noteworthy are their superior compression and impact strength, surpassing values observed in certain synthetic foams multiple times. Moreover, this study reveals the biodegradability of MBCs, reaching standards for environmentally friendly materials. A comprehensive comparison with traditional materials further supports the potential of MBCs in sustainable material. Challenges in standardization, production scalability, and market adoption are identified, emphasizing the need for ongoing research, material engineering advancements, and biotechnological innovations. These efforts aim to enhance MBC properties, promoting sustainability in modern interior applications, while also facilitating their expansion into mass production within the innovative construction materials market.

A new strategy for the preparation of wood-epoxy resin composites reinforced with controllable osmotic interfaces

As a multifunctional material, wood is widely used in interior decoration and construction engineering. The full-cell process of impregnating monomers into wood pores cavity in situ is one of the most common wood modification methods. However, this approach is time-consuming, material-wasting, and not environmentally friendly. In this study, we proposed a simple strategy to directly convert wood into high-performance composites by controlling wood surface penetration through resin pre-curing. A slight amount of resin used was sufficient to penetrate the wood surfaces, and the weight percent gain (WPG) of 11.45 %. High energy efficiency was achieved by simple temperature control (60 °C/120 °C). In addition, this method can rapidly produce wood composites with ultra-low density (0.51 g/cm3) and ultra-high specific bending strength (284 MPa·cm3g−1) in a very short time (4 h and 30 min). The results showed that the problem of excessive resin penetration was effectively solved by the pre-curing process, which enriched the gradient distribution of resin from the surface to the bottom of the wood and significantly improved the material properties. This efficient and environmentally friendly preparation strategy makes natural wood a low-cost, low-density, high-strength engineering material, which broadens the application of wood composites in construction engineering and interior decoration.

“Interior Decorator is Dead”

“Interior Decorator is Dead”

The Materials of Shame: Decoration, Masculinity, and the Birth of Modern Interior Design

: This essay revisits well-known figures, theories, and representations alongside new ones to thread together a narrative that betrays my dissatisfaction with the current state of design history. My malaise stems from a disavowal I have identified of the material and discursive forms of shame that I not only situate at the heart of my essay but are embedded in the historical foundation of the profession of interior decoration and design, and in design history. I make a case for the ways in which effeminacy, shame, and camp take up residence at the intersection of twentieth-century theories of decoration and design.

Refining Color Scheme Generation: Iterative K-Means Clustering and ARI Evaluation

Color goes beyond mere visual sensation, holding profound sway over emotions, thoughts, and perceptions. It communicates, evokes moods, and significantly influences judgments. Research underscores its importance, with up to 90% of product assessments being based solely on color, highlighting its pivotal role in crafting memorable experiences and defining brand identities. The fusion of art and technology presents a captivating synergy within the realm of image-derived color schemes. Color palette generation from images is pivotal in graphic design, interior decoration, and digital media. This study delves into methodologies for extracting dominant colors from images and generating cohesive color schemes. Leveraging K-Means clustering with the Within-Cluster Sum of Squares (WCSS) method, we showcase superior performance compared to traditional approaches. The evaluation of palette coherence using the Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) facilitates consistency within the generated color schemes. Integrating methodologies with design tools and advanced color harmonies opens avenues for further innovation and customization. This study underscores the transformative potential of image-based color scheme generation, bridging the gap between computational analysis and creative expression. Through the convergence of artistry and technological prowess, we aim to enhance the design landscape and enrich user experiences across various applications and industries.

IRANIAN ART OF THE QAJAR ERA: EUROPEAN INFLUENCES AND «PERSIAN STYLE» FOR EXPORT

The Qajar era (late XVIII-1925) gave the world a unique style, unmistakably recognizable in painting, crafts, and photography. Clumsy, striking the imagination with its amazing brightness of colors and bold artistic techniques, it was formed largely due to active interaction with European culture via respect for the Persian traditional styles. The article deals with the significance of Europe and the European in the formation and development of Qajar art, addressing two opposing processes. Borrowing Western methods and techniques, educational models and new products on the one hand, and European fashion for Persian things, which influenced local production and its transformation on the other. The first process is seen in easel painting and the fashion for "european«details in interior decoration, the second — in «re-creation» of an updated carpet and ceramic production in Persia. The illustrative effect will be provided by selected items from the collection of the State Museum of Oriental Art in Moscow, including court portraits, glass paintings, qalamkaras, tiles, etc.