Interests Of Women Research Articles

The Effects of Cues to Ambient Darkness on Women's Willingness to Engage With Physically Strong Men.

Despite the overall desirability of men's upper body strength, women's preference for such features remains bounded to contexts in which the benefits exceed the potential costs. The relative salience of these costs could be augmented within ostensibly threatening environments, which could include one of ambient darkness. This study sought to determine whether women's interest in strong men would become downregulated in the presence of these cues. A sample of sorority women reported their reactions to meeting a hypothetical man on campus who was manipulated to appear either strong or weak with the image manipulated to be either at night or during the day. Although women reported feeling more comfortable around the weak man in the dark compared to the strong man, no difference emerged in their evaluations of strong men during the day and night. These findings suggest that women functionally shift their interest in strong men based on environmental cues that could implicate men as costly.

Women's military service in Poland in the perspective of recruiting women to the Military University of Technology

Abstract: Since 1999, Poland has become a member of the North Atlantic Alliance. The aftermath of this event was that women were allowed to serve in all military positions. At the same time, military academies gave women the opportunity to study on terms previously available only to men. The forerunner in this area was the Military University of Technology (WAT), which not only was the first to open the Academy to female cadets, but also educated the largest number of female officers. The existing research gap regarding the process of transformation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland in the context of educating a highly qualified officer corps, taking into account fundamental changes in ensuring women have access to all officer positions, required an analysis of the process of recruitment and education of women for military service by the largest military university in Poland. Now, after 20 years of training, it is possible to evaluate this process, which became the purpose of this article. The question of how the number of women at the WAT changed in the process of recruitment and enrollment was adopted as a research problem. The intention of the Authors is not only to identify existing trends, but also to highlight the distinguished role of the Military University of Technology in this area. It was assumed (research hypothesis) that not only the interest of women in military studies is increasing, but also the number of women choosing technical education is increasing, as well. The article uses research methods in relation to the cognitive and praxeological research problem: systematic literature review, quantitative methods and qualitative methods, comparative methods, concretization, and formalization methods. The research conducted clearly indicates an upward trend in women's interest not only in military studies, but also in studying at the Academy in general. Although some fluctuations over a period of more than 20 years are noticeable, they are due to economic, demographic, or political factors. Nevertheless, the article clearly shows the significant role of the Military Academy of Technology in educating female officers and thus meeting the requirements of a modern, professional army.

Women's Alternative Media: Agents of Change on the Issue of Women's Roles in Indonesia

ABSTRACTProgress in achieving gender equality and empowering women in Indonesia has been too slow and fragmented. The media can provide a voice and a platform for placing women's role issues on the development agenda. As in the education, health, economic, labor, and political sectors. However, in reality, there is a significant gender gap in mainstream media companies so that women are not represented optimally and steps to improve gender equality are limited. Alternative media is very possible to take a role in explaining issues of gender equality and women's empowerment. Because this type of media can connect various sectors, including trade unions, social movements, organizations and various elements of society. Researchers use the concept of gender and communication development, Standpoint theory, and alternative media. The approach used in this study is literature review research methodology. The results of this study explain that journalists in alternative media consider gender awareness and sensitivity important in themselves to be able to protect and defend women's interests. In fact, alternative media provide wide opportunities for journalists to raise strategic issues of equality and women's empowerment. Keywords: Alternative, Empowerment, Journalists, Media, Women Election

Cisgender Sexual Minority Women's Interest in Telemental Health Services: A Latent Class Analysis.

Introduction: Telemental health is increasingly recognized for its potential to overcome barriers like cost and stigma, particularly for marginalized groups. Sexual minority women in particular may benefit from increased access to telemental health services, due to the unique health disparities faced by this population. However, very little research thus far has assessed the telemental health preferences of this group. Methods: The present study surveyed 1,092 cisgender sexual minority women regarding their demographic information, mental health, and telemental health preferences, using the Prolific.co research platform. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify subgroups within the sample based on their responses to the survey. Results: Results revealed diverse attitudes toward telemental health, with some that prefer in-person sessions, whereas others show a strong interest in virtual options. Latent class analysis identified five groups, termed the Neutral, Ambivalent, Inclined, Inclined Related to Travel, and Averse groups. There were statistically significant differences between groups on measures of rurality, socioeconomic status, previous therapy experience, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Overall, sexual minority women demonstrated interest in telemental health, especially individuals with mobility challenges and those living in rural areas. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of tailoring mental health services to diverse needs and suggests that telemental health could be a valuable tool in addressing health disparities among sexual minority women. Importantly, these data were conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research could examine how sexual minority women's attitudes toward telemental health have shifted since the COVID-19 pandemic and how telemental health services could be tailored for marginalized subgroups.

Patients' perceptions of targeted breast ultrasound and digital breast tomosynthesis in the diagnostic setting: A mixed methods study.

Although DBT is the standard initial imaging modality for women with focal breast symptoms, the importance of ultrasound has grown rapidly in the past decades. Therefore, the Breast UltraSound Trial (BUST) focused on assessing the diagnostic value of ultrasound and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for the evaluation of breast symptoms by reversing the order of breast imaging; first performing ultrasound followed by DBT. This side-study of the BUST evaluates patients' perceptions of ultrasound and DBT in a reversed setting. After imaging, 1181/1276 BUST participants completed a survey consisting of open and closed questions regarding both exams (mean age 47.2, ±11.74). Additionally, a different subset of BUST participants (n = 29) participated in six focus group interviews 18-24 months after imaging to analyze their imaging experiences in depth. A total of 55.3% of women reported reluctance to undergoing DBT, primarily due of pain, while the vast majority also find bilateral DBT reassuring (87.3%). Thematic analysis identified themes related to 1) imaging reluctance (pain/burden, result, and breast harm) and 2) ultrasound and DBT perceptions. Regarding the latter, the theme comfort underscores DBT as burdensome and painful, while ultrasound is largely perceived as non-burdensome. Ultrasound is also particularly valued for its interactive nature, as highlighted in the theme interaction. Perceived effectiveness reflects women's interest in bilateral breast evaluation with DBT and the visibility of lesions, while they express more uncertainty about the reliability of ultrasound. Emotional impact portrays DBT as reassuring for many women, whereas opinions on the reassurance provided by ultrasound are more diverse. Additional themes include costs, protocols and privacy. Ultrasound is highly tolerated, and particularly valued is the interaction with the radiologist. Nearly half of women express reluctance towards DBT; nevertheless, a large portion report feeling more confident after undergoing bilateral DBT, reassuring them of the absence of abnormalities. Understanding patients' perceptions of breast imaging examinations is of great value when optimizing diagnostic pathways.

DEMOGRAPHIC TARGETING OF USERS IN MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR LIVESTOCK DIGITAL MARKETING AMONG SMALLHOLDER CATTLE FARMERS

Several livestock diseases leading to high mortality rates among animals have raised concerns about a potential food crisis in Indonesia. To prevent further spread of these diseases, access to livestock sheds has been restricted. This situation has highlighted the importance of developing alternative marketing channels to facilitate livestock trade. The present study investigates the demographic factors that influence farmers' interest in adopting mobile applications for digital livestock marketing in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The data for this research was collected from a stratified random sample of 968 respondents across four regions. Prior to the interviews, farmers were provided with an introduction and given the opportunity to experience the mobile applications firsthand. The data analysis employed descriptive statistics, non-parametric analysis, and a logistic regression model. The results indicated a significant (p < 0.05) association between variables such as the farmer's age, educational level, women's decision-making power, farming revenue, cattle ownership, farming experience, and interest in using mobile applications for livestock digital marketing. However, no distinction in adoption interest was observed between farmers who were members of agricultural groups and those who were not. These findings have significant methodological implications, as they require independent interviewing among member farmer groups. This study suggests that developers of mobile applications for livestock digital marketing should consider the lack of digital literacy among farmers as a crucial factor influencing their interest in adopting new technologies. Addressing the digital literacy gap could increase the adoption and effective use of these applications within the farming community.

Representation of Indonesian women politicians (Media analysis to G30S PKI incident coverage from 1965 to 2015)

Background: The G30S/PKI incident that occurred in 1965 is known for the murder of six generals by the PKI (Indonesian Communist Party). The “New Order” (Orba) regime under Suharto carried out the extermination of hundreds of PKI members and supporters, imprisoning thousands of people, including members of Gerwani and those who were neither PKI nor Gerwani members, due to biases and assumptions. Since the Reformation era of 1998, many historical facts about G30S/PKI have been questioned by the public. Over the past 50 years, issues related to G30S/PKI have fluctuated in media coverage. Today, the representation of female politicians cannot be separated from the negative memories of the tragedy and the militant image of Gerwani. Methods: The research questions are: How consistent is media reporting when covering the same issue in different political contexts? How does the media, as a means of value socialization, influence the collective memory of society regarding women's activities in politics?. The research is conducted using content analysis of a national newspaper from 1965 to 2015 to examine the visibility of Gerwani-related issues over time. Discourse analysis is also used to explore the role and position of Gerwani. Findings: The results indicate that the media tends to side with the dominant group, namely the rulers, and does not voice the interests of weaker groups. Women's interests are framed and represented through the perspective of men. Conclusion: In this context, female politicians receive more appreciation from society when they do not emphasize militant methods in advocating their ideas but instead focus on a caring approach. Novelty/Originality of this Study: The originality of this study lies in its focus on the evolving portrayal of Gerwani over different political eras and its examination of the media's role in shaping collective memory and gender biases. It uniquely integrates the political economy of communication, collective memory, and feminist perspectives to explore how media representation impacts societal views on women in politics.

Women's interest, knowledge, and attitudes relating to anti-Mullerian hormone testing: a randomized controlled trial.

What is the impact of co-designed, evidence-based information regarding the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) test on women's interest in having the test? Women who viewed the evidence-based information about the AMH test had lower interest in having an AMH test than women who viewed information produced by an online company selling the test direct-to-consumers. Online information about AMH testing often has unfounded claims about its ability to predict fertility and conception, and evidence suggests that women seek out and are recommended the AMH test as a measure of their fertility potential. An online randomized trial was conducted from November to December 2022. Women were randomized (double-blind, equal allocation) to view one of two types of information: co-designed, evidence-based information about the AMH test (intervention), or existing information about the AMH test from a website which markets the test direct-to-consumers (control). A total of 967 women were included in the final analysis. Participants were women recruited through an online panel, who were aged 25-40 years, living in Australia or The Netherlands, had never given birth, were not currently pregnant but would like to have a child now or in the future, and had never had an AMH test. The primary outcome was interest in having an AMH test (seven-point scale; 1 = definitely NOT interested to 7 = definitely interested). Secondary outcomes included attitudes, knowledge, and psychosocial and behavioural outcomes relating to AMH testing. Women who viewed the evidence-based information about the AMH test had lower interest in having an AMH test (MD = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.83-1.30), less positive attitudes towards (MD = 1.29, 95% CI = 4.57-5.70), and higher knowledge about the test than women who viewed the control information (MD = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.71-0.82). The sample was more highly educated than the broader Australian and Dutch populations and some measures (e.g. influence on family planning) were hypothetical in nature. Women have higher knowledge of and lower interest in having the AMH test when given evidence-based information about the test and its limitations. Despite previous studies suggesting women are enthusiastic about AMH testing to learn about their fertility potential, we demonstrate that this enthusiasm does not hold when they are informed about the test's limitations. This project was supported by an NHMRC Emerging Leader Research Fellowship (2009419) and the Australian Health Research Alliance's Women's Health Research, Translation and Impact Network EMCR award. B.W.M. reports consultancy for ObsEva and Merck and travel support from Merck. D.L. is the Medical Director of, and holds stock in, City Fertility NSW and reports consultancy for Organon and honoraria from Ferring, Besins, and Merck. K.H. reports consultancy and travel support from Merck and Organon. K.M. is a director of Health Literacy Solutions that owns a licence of the Sydney Health Literacy Lab Health Literacy Editor. No other relevant disclosures exist. ACTRN12622001136796. 17 August 2022. 21 November 2022.

The Role of Iraqi Newspaper Websites in Enhancing Public Interest in Women's Empowerment Issues

The Role of Iraqi Newspaper Websites in Enhancing Public Interest in Women's Empowerment Issues

Women Emancipation in Indonesia: A Psychological desire to choose the field of physics education at university level

The gender bias that places women as incapable people ultimately reduces their psychological drive to engage with the field of science, especially physics. This is in stark contrast to the prevailing attitudes at universities in Indonesia. This then became the basis for the aim of this research to explore whether women's interest in studying physics education was based on psychological factors in themselves by comparing them with men. The research was conducted using quantitative survey methods, and a sampling process using random sampling was carried out on the population of a university in Indonesia. The sample was divided into two groups based on gender: 77 women and 23 men. The data collection instrument was developed using the grounded theory of planned behavior (TPB) and social cognitive career theory (SCCT), which identified four main psychological factors: identity, interest, self-concept, and self-efficacy. The results of the descriptive and inferential data analysis, conducted using one-way MANOVA, indicate that the psychological factors of identity, interest, the self-concept, and self-efficacy for women are significantly higher than those for men. Furthermore, the Pearson analysis demonstrated a significantly strong positive correlation between the psychological factors tested

Managing professional socialization of women in engineering and technical work: challenges and solutions

The article explores the management of professional socialization of women in the engineering and technical fields, an important aspect in the context of global efforts towards achieving gender equality and sustainable development. In the face of socio-political instability and considering the adoption of the National Strategy for Action in the Interests of Women for 2023-2030, this topic is particularly significant for Russia. The study aims to analyze the problems and challenges faced by women in the engineering and technical sectors and to identify effective measures to support their professional socialization. The research is based on biographical interviews with female educators (N=19, 2019) and practicing engineers, as well as expert interviews with university representatives (N=25, 2024) and document analysis. The study identified two main issues: limited involvement of women engineers in research activities and gender inequality, along with limited career opportunities for women in this field, which is often characterized by an organizational environment that does not fully adhere to gender equality principles. Key challenges in achieving gender equality in the engineering and technical sectors have been identified, including ensuring equal conditions for women's professional growth and overcoming persistent gender stereotypes about their professional roles and capabilities. Solutions proposed include measures to increase women's involvement in research and support their professional development, as well as creating favorable conditions for career advancement in the engineering and technical fields.

The patriarchal Western gaze and the discursive policing of fandom: “Koreaboo” as stigma

The derogatory label “Koreaboo,” used to stigmatize Korean popular culture fans, suggests Korean media's movements are treated as a contaminant rather than a welcome presence. In this research project, I conducted focus group research and analyses of Reddit threads to understand the ways women fans of color in this study interpret and navigate taste hierarchies that mock women's interests in celebrities and texts from a racialized Asian nation. Korean popular culture fans of color reject “Koreaboo” for themselves, but they project the label onto “bad” White fans, who are perceived as having inappropriate fannish interests that deviate from popularly held standards of intercultural and interracial fan interest. The self-disciplining within fandom distances itself from the Western patriarchal gaze by re-directing its focus. Even when fans of color seek Korean media to escape White hegemony and heteronormative patriarchy, they internalize and react to its gaze in their fan practice.

Wife's Right to Property After Divorce: An Examination of Islamic Law and Legislation in Religious Court Decisions in Yogyakarta City

Indonesia as a sovereign state pays great attention to the rights of its citizens, especially in the context of marriage between men and women, through Islamic family law. Although there are still many divorce cases, the Religious Court as a judicial institution that handles family matters for Islamic citizens, plays an important role in positioning women fairly. However, the importance of wise, intelligent, honest and highly ethical judges cannot be ignored. Judges must be able to understand and apply the law with justice to all litigants, especially in divorce cases where women's rights are often neglected. Research into court decisions is important to see the extent to which judges consider women's interests in their decisions, especially in the context of post-divorce rights that have been formulated in Indonesian Islamic family law. The focus of this research is the wife's rights to post-divorce property as regulated in the legislation, as well as the extent to which these legal products are in accordance with the principles of gender justice. This research uses a qualitative approach with a field study at the Yogyakarta Religious Court. Data were collected and analyzed descriptively analytically, describing events related to court decisions. The gender approach was used to analyze the written law as well as what was decided by the judge in the court process. The results show that the rights obtained by women after divorce in Indonesian Islamic family law, such as the right to mut'ah, the right to maintenance, the right to refuse reconciliation, the right to hadlanah, and the right to joint property, are not discriminated against based on gender. There are no signs of marginalization, subordination, double workload, negative labeling, or violence against woman in Indonesian Islamic family law.

Accounts of harm and conflicts of interest in transvaginal mesh: Professional evaluations during an Australian Senate Inquiry

Transvaginal mesh (TVM) surgeries were introduced as an innovative treatment for stress urine incontinency (SUI) and/or pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in 1996. Years after rapid adoption of these surgeries into practice, it emerged that TVM-associated adverse events were uncommon but potentially severe. This initiated global action, including an Australian Commonwealth Government Senate Inquiry, in 2017. This inquiry was both a causal factor in, and surrounded by, a significant epistemic shift towards recognition of women's own accounts of their experience. The Inquiry generated copious data, mostly publicly available. There has been no systematic investigation of how professional stakeholders—clinicians, health services, regulators and manufacturers—contributed to the epistemic environment of this inquiry. MethodWe analysed 42 submissions made by professional stakeholders to this inquiry, and documents from 5 public hearings. We used framework analysis methods, applying deductive and developing inductive codes from the documents, and charting patterns across the documents.Our aim was to map:1. Professionals’ contribution to the epistemic environment of this inquiry;2. How professional actors constructed TVM-associated problems and proposed potential solutions; and,3. The relevance of conflicts of interest in TVM-associated harms. ResultsWe categorised the reasoning of professionals into two groups:a. Contesting the significance of, or evidence for, TVM-associated harms; andb. Denying or minimising conflict of interest.Professionals’ advocacy regarding policy solutions emphasised incremental change, aiming to retain TVM procedures to treat SUI and, under certain conditions, POP. ConclusionContestation regarding harms led to a testimonial quietening of TVM-affected women's interests. The close and normalised relationship between treating professionals and TVM manufacturers may have created a conflicted environment for practice. It seems unlikely that self-regulation will be adequate to ensure that harms are minimised, conflicts of interests well-managed, and patients' interests are the first priority when innovative surgical treatment options become available to practice.

Motherhood and attitudes towards motherhood in women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome.

The aim of the study was to find out what proportion of women with MRKHS have decided to become mothers and have children or would like to have children and consider various options for motherhood. Additionally, the survey aimed at identifying factors that might influence the women's decisions and opinions regarding adoption, gestational surrogacy (GS) and uterus transplantation (UTx). The study group consisted of 100 adult women with MRKHS who filled out questionnaires consisting of 56 questions. The survey was self-administered and anonymous. Most of the study participants were under 30, lived in large cities ( > 150 000 inhabitants) and declared to be heterosexuals in a steady relationship (p < 0.05). While 11 participants had children, 66 out of 89 childless women (74%) expressed a desire for motherhood, but as many as 80 surveyed women have felt pressured to have children. The number of participants for whom a biological relationship with offspring was significant and insignificant respectively equaled (p = 1.000). The majority of the study participants supported the process of legalizing GS in Poland (95 vs 4) yet would opt for commercial rather than altruistic GS (64 vs 31) (p < 0.05). Most respondents stated that UTx is consistent with their faith and conscience (91 vs 4) and found UTx ethical (88 vs 4) (p < 0.0001). The majority of Polish women with MRKHS express the need to become a mother, but only one in ten has a child. The women's interest in biological motherhood is significant.

Features of using developmental recreation games in adaptive physical recreation of children 5-6 years old with delayed psycho-emotional development

The article is devoted to the construction of a program of adaptive physical recreation classes using the means of developing recreational games for children 5-6 years old with a delay in psycho-emotional development. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate and develop a program of classes with elements of badminton for women in the first period of adulthood, the purpose of which is to increase women's interest in physical activity, increase the level of physical activity and improve health.&#x0D; Methods and organization of research - analysis and generalization of special scientific and methodological literature, documentary materials, sociological (questionnaire, expert survey), methods of research of motor activity, methods of mathematical statistics.&#x0D; The proposed program is designed for three months. The duration of the class was 30 minutes twice a week. The classes included a warm-up, the main part, developing recreational games and a hitch were used as tools. The variety of means of the program, namely various developmental recreational games, will contribute to the harmonious personal development of the child at this age stage.

Construction and Contribution of Enterprise Trade Unions from The Perspective of Salary Management and Labor Security

Taking trade unions as the main research object, this paper analyzes the impact of compensation management on employees' labor security, and finds that labor unions cannot effectively improve employees' labor security. In the comparison of the influence of trade unions on men and women, trade unions can better protect men's rights and interests, while women's rights and interests cannot be effectively protected, which is related to social discrimination against women. Trade unions should promote the establishment of harmonious labor relations through democratic consultation, openness and transparency, and the establishment of harmonious labor relations is an inevitable requirement for the harmonious development of enterprises and the stable progress of society.

Optimalisasi Kelas Ibu Hamil Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Dan Keluarga Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sungai Turak

Pregnant women's class activities aim to increase knowledge, change mothers' attitudes and behavior so that they understand about pregnancy checks, childbirth, postpartum and newborn care for optimal growth and development. The class for pregnant women coordinated by the Sungai Turak village health center was felt to be less than optimal, where the level of attendance and motivation of mothers in attending the class for pregnant women was felt to be lacking. In January 2024, community service was carried out, in the form of optimizing classes for pregnant women as an effort to increase knowledge of pregnant women and families in the working area of the Sungai Turak Community Health Center. Health cadres should approach pregnant women in their area, to discuss when they can take part in pregnant women's class activities, to then coordinate with the facilitator team. The effort made was to create educational posters about the benefits of attending classes for pregnant women. It is hoped that with attractive posters, pregnant women's interest in taking part in classes for pregnant women will increase. Coinciding with the class schedule for pregnant women, more intensive outreach was carried out, accompanied by posters displayed at the Community Health Center and Posyandu. Thanks to these efforts, the number of pregnant women who attended increased to 24 pregnant women.

LEGAL PROTECTION OF CONSUMERS REGARDING ILLEGAL ONLINE COSMETIC DISTRIBUTION IS REVIEWED FROM LAW NO. 8 OF 1999 CONCERNING CONSUMER PROTECTION

The writing of this scientific paper entitled "Legal Protection of Consumers Regarding the Distribution of Illegal Cosmetics Online given Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection" aims to find out generally and broadly about cosmetics, why illegal cosmetics can circulate online, the distribution of illegal cosmetics according to applicable law. We need to know what illegal cosmetics mean. Considering the large number of Indonesian women's interest in using beauty products, online business people are flocking to produce their products in various ways, including online marketing. However, on the other hand, due to tight business competition, online business actors act in bad faith by illegally marketing cosmetic products. Just like women, men also use cosmetic products to increase their self-confidence. Many factors cause consumers to use beauty products without knowing the consequences they will get. One of the factors is the need for more consumer education and knowledge regarding illegal cosmetics sold online and sold freely through online sites based on the provisions of the Consumer Protection Law. This research aims to examine and analyze the problem of legal violations for naughty business actors regarding the distribution of cosmetics. This research was carried out normatively, namely library legal research, which refers to consumer legislation. This research focuses on determining legal protection for consumers who use illegal cosmetics sold online. Cosmetics are produced to beautify a person's appearance. However, recently, many cosmetics sold online do not have a circular from BPOM, thus endangering consumers who buy beauty products online.

Causes and Analysis of Sex Discrimination in Price Discrimination

Price discrimination in marriage and gender discrimination in the labor market are common problems in Chinese society. By exploring the pressure and impact of these issues on men and women, this article analyzes the excessive financial pressure that men bear in marriage and the various unfair treatments that women encounter in the labor market. In response to price discrimination against women in the labor market, this article puts forward a series of policy recommendations, including improving relevant laws and regulations to protect women's legitimate rights and interests, increasing penalties for gender discrimination by employers, and improving social concepts to promote gender equality. By releasing women's productivity and enabling women to earn income independently to support their families, it can reduce men's financial pressure in marriage and achieve the best of both worlds for social development goals. The innovation of this article is that it deeply explores gender issues in marriage and the labor market in Chinese society and puts forward feasible policy suggestions for these issues. Through the research of this article, People can deepen people's understanding of gender discrimination, promote the change of social concepts, create a more equal and just social environment, and achieve sustained social stability and sustainable development.