Interest In Professional Activities Research Articles

Rehabilitation of burnout patients: medical and psychological aspects

Abstract. Rationale: Determining the therapeutic effects of rehabilitation technologies in patients with burnout is a topical scientific and practical task. Purpose of the study: to determine the therapeutic effects of combinations of rehabilitation technologies in patients with burnout. Methods: 208 patients aged 31.9 (18–52.0) years with burnout (ICD-10 code Z73.0) were studied. The patients were prescribed a set of physical exercises, a course of audiovisual polysensory relaxation, transcranial magnetic therapy, non-selective chromotherapy, therapeutic massage, contrast showers (baths), climatotherapy, clinical nutrition, and psychotherapy. The total duration of the course was 20–30 days. Clinical, instrumental, psychophysical, and integral methods of assessing the condition of patients were used. Results: the study revealed significant dynamics of indicators of subjective well-being: interest in professional activity, attention to detail, psychophysiological status, heart rate, systolic arterial pressure, vital capacity, double product and the Martinet-Kushelevsky test, adaptive potential, and vegetative regulation. The rehabilitation course caused a significant improvement in integral health indicators: the level of somatic health increased from 1.75 ± 0.52 to 2.9 ± 0.58 points (p < 0.001) and physical performance indicators PWC-170 — from 866.6 ± 10.2 to 1,031.1 ± 11.8 mcg/s (p < 0.001). Conclusion: the complex of syndrome and pathogenetically conditioned rehabilitation technologies forms pronounced actoprotective and psychorelaxing therapeutic effects in patients with burnout.

Prevention of emotional burnout in medical professionals

More than a third of doctors in Ukraine experience this problem, but most of them do not receive specialized help in this matter. Specialists who have the highest risk of EBS: urologists (54%), neurologists (53%), rehabilitation specialists (52%), therapists (49%), ambulance doctors (48%), family doctors (48%).
 The main causes of EBS in physicians are a large number of bureaucratic tasks (59%), a lot of time at work (34%), digital workload (32%). With increasing age and length of service in the profession, indicators of burnout tend to increase. The most intensive EBS is observed in employees of outpatient clinics (45%) and health care institutions (49%).
 There are physical, behavioral, emotional, intellectual symptoms of EBS. The most disturbing symptoms are personal deformity, pessimism, negativism, social self-isolation, loss of empathy, indifference to the loved ones, the environment and patients. Such doctors become not only unfit for work, but also professionally dangerous because of the risk of harm to patients.
 To diagnose EBS in health professionals, the author of the article proposes to use the questionnaire “Professional (emotional) burnout”, developed on the basis of a three-factor model by K. Maslach and S. Jackson. The technique is designed to diagnose emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and professional achievement. The test contains 22 statements about the feelings and experiences associated with the performance of work activities. The obtained results can be used to develop measures to prevent loss of interest in professional activities.
 The most popular measures to combat EBS: sports (48%), communication with family members and close friends (43%), self-isolation (41%). EBS is easier to prevent than to treat, so special attention is paid to prevention methods. To reduce the risks of EBS, it is necessary to increase psychological competence, give way to negative emotions, expand the range of interests, quickly resolve conflicts, do not delay in obtaining specialized help, do not look for negativity around you. The article also offers twelve “rituals” of emotional hygiene, which are recommended to be performed regularly.

Выбор профессии в системе формирования профессионально-квалификационного потенциала студенческой молодежи Ростовской области (по итогам социологического опроса)

Introduction. The relevance of the topic of the article is explained by crisis factors in the system of professionalization of modern youth of Russian regions. One of the indicators of its professional level and the key to successful adaptation in the vocational field is vocational potential. Its formation is a series of stages in the life of young people, and the most important of them is the choice of profession. Methods. The empirical basis of the study is presented by the results of a sociological survey conducted among students of universities of the Rostov region: Don State Agrarian University, Southern Federal University, Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI). The representativeness of the empirical framework is provided by using a multivariate stratified sample model with quota selection of observation units (respondents). The total number of students surveyed was 1214 people. Results of the study. During the study, it becomes clear that students are generally satisfied with the choice of profession (specialty); when choosing a profession, most were guided by their own interest in professional activity and advice from parents, however, students do not have a clear idea of ​ ​ the future profession, and especially with regard to job responsibilities and the organization of the labor process. First of all students expect achieving material well-being from future work, but also interest in professional development plays an important role. The dominant material component becomes a source of subsequent difficulties during the first employment and disappointments in profession.

FEATURES OF PREPARING STUDENTS FOR DESIGNING ELECTRONIC EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING

Distance learning makes use of various uses of resources that are mainstream media. One of the most important electronic educational resources, since it is in them that the content of the educational process is concentrated. In the context of distance learning, the student must realize the potential that allows him to prepare him for various types of activities, must also show cognitive activity, develop the ability to study independently, form communication skills and educational motivation. In the course of completing assignments of various types through electronic educational resources, for example: e-mail, forum, chat, blog, video and audio conferences, the student is provided with interaction and feedback; electronic textbooks contain the necessary information on the topic under study; electronic libraries, including Wikipedia, are used by students to effectively search and obtain additional materials. That is, through electronic educational resources, the student shows interest in professional activity, develops the level of personal qualities that contribute to self-educational activity, expands the possibilities of organizing control and self-control. The use of the above-mentioned complex electronic educational resources in the educational process allows the university teacher to put into practice innovative teaching methods, combine the theoretical and practical aspects of teaching, increase the informatization of education, and also form individual trajectories of student learning

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS IN THE INITIAL STAGES OF STUDY IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION

The readiness of student youth for professional activity is a complex personal formation. At the initial stages of education in higher education institutions is characterized by a contradiction between the student's need for professional self-determination and the lack of necessary professional competencies to meet it. To highlight the psychological factors of professional development students in the initial stages of higher education. Most of the respondents have a formed interest in professional activity, which implies a positive attitude to the chosen profession. Unfortunately, among the respondents there are students who do not have a positive attitude to the future profession. The professional development of first-year students is hindered by frustration as a result of failures related to learning. A large number of subjects have health problems that hinder successful professional development. The vast majority of students emphasize the importance of purposefulness in professional development. Most students consider interest in the profession as a factor influencing their professional development. The attitude of students to learning is one of the important indicators of their professional development. A factor that will help to implement the professional plans of students is their own strengths and abilities. Psychological factors of professional development of students at the initial stages of education in higher education institutions are highlighted. Psychological factors of professional development of students at the initial stages of education in higher education institutions are: the formation of interest in professional activities; frustration as a result of failures; health status; own inertia; purposefulness; full dedication in any case; realistic tasks to achieve the goal; healthy lifestyle; interest in the profession; example of colleagues; ability to self-education and own development; awareness of one's own strengths and abilities; sufficient funding; great own efficiency.

РАЗВИТИЕ ИНТЕРЕСА К ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКЕ В ВУЗЕ У БУДУЩИХ АРХИТЕКТОРОВ И ДИЗАЙНЕРОВ НА ТЕКУЩЕМ ЭТАПЕ

Despite the difficulties encountered, in connection with the transition to a new system of higher education, and the process of professional training of architects and designers remains the most important tool for preserving the national "architectural school" in Russia. Today, in higher architectural education in Russia, there has been a reduction in the basic educational program in many disciplines in favor of independent work. This and other factors lead to some misunderstanding and loss of interest in the training process among students. The scientific novelty of the study consists in determining a set of pedagogical conditions for the development of interest in professional training at the university among future architects and designers at the current stage; in clarifying the content of the concepts of "professional architectural activity", "emotionally comfortable creative educational environment", "interest in professional architectural and design training", which made it possible to systematize the theoretical basis for the development of interest in professional activity among future architects and designers. The results of the experiment were obtained, during which a set of pedagogical conditions were implemented to increase the level of development of interest in professional training at the university among future architects and designers.

Ukrainian Language for Professional Purposes: Life Cycle of the Discipline and its Status in Modern Pedagogical Institutions of Higher Education

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to build an effective methodological system of teaching the Ukrainian language in a professional aspect, which requires the definition of specific goals and objectives of the discipline. The purpose of the training course should be reflected in the milestone and meet the components of the global goals of educational training, while understanding the purpose and the intended use of the discipline consolidates and enhances its status in higher education, ensuring its long life cycle. The purpose of the study is to clarify the life cycle and status of the discipline in modern pedagogical institutions of higher education, to determine the goals and objectives of teaching the Ukrainian language in a professional aspect. The work uses a set of scientific methods: reflective and comparative analysis, generalisation – to study the information field of the problem, component analysis of the formulation of the purpose of teaching the Ukrainian language in a professional aspect; scientific abstraction and visualisation – to reproduce the life cycle of the training course, to determine its status. The concept of “life cycle of the discipline” is formulated: the time of its functioning in the educational system of the country, during which it is capable of effectively performing the current educational functions. It is proposed to formulate the purpose of teaching the Ukrainian language in the professional aspect of future pedagogical workers: the development of oral and written professional speech of students by increasing the level of certain competences, developing innovative thinking and working with information, maintaining interest in professional activities in order to develop a personality of a highly competitive specialist ready for self-improvement in the chosen area of work

Social Attitudes to Public Prosecution: Theory and Practice

The research featured the approaches to the study of social attitudes to public prosecution. The results were used as the theoretical basis for the development and testing of the complex of diagnostic measures "Representation of Public Prosecution". The complex consisted of projective techniques aimed at identifying social attitudes to public prosecution. The proposed complex is an integral part of the Comprehensive Program for the Training of Newly Hired Prosecutors of the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation. The program was developed on the basis of the St. Petersburg Prosecutor's Office by V. A. Gubin and D. V. Shabarov in 2019. It identifies interests and predisposition to various types of prosecutorial activities. The program makes it possible to create an individual vocational and educational route in the framework of training newly hired prosecutors. It also determines the professional orientation and social settings of the new employees, their system of ideas about the environment of prosecutorial activities, their self-esteem and ability to perform this activity, the degree of professional value orientations, and interest in professional activity. The methods may be useful for district prosecutors that mentor young specialists in various institutions and form an individual training plan. In addition, the presented methods can be of some help to those employees of bodies and institutions of the prosecutor's office who decided to change the type of supervisory activity. The article describes an analysis of one of the methods of the Complex, namely the Projective methodology "20 definitions of the concept of "prosecutor's office". It was developed and successfully tested in practice by V. A. Gubin and D. V. Shabarov in 2019. The methodology identifies the cognitive component of social representations of prosecutorial activity.

DEVELOPMENT OF MOTIVATION TOWARDS EDUCATION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

Introduction: The quality of professional medical training is a relevant issue for clinical and educational setting due to modernization and reform processes at the present stage of the society's development. The formation of the future doctors' interest in professional activities mostly depends on the implementation of pedagogical conditions, aimed at developing the positive motivation towards education. The aim: The authors aim to examine the concept of motivation and define its role in the process of professional training of future doctors. Materials and methods. A questionnaire survey was conducted for students of the first year of study (medical and dental faculties) using the methods of studying the profession's attractiveness and its factors (by V. Yadov, modification by I. Kuzmina, A. Rean) and studying the orientation towards the acquisition of knowledge via the test by E. Ilyin and N. Kurdyakova. Results: Based on the analysis of literary sources, the main factors that influence the interest of students in education were identified and the pedagogical conditions for the formation of positive motivation for training activity in the educational setting of a higher medical educational institution were highlighted. It was found that most students prefer social motives when choosing a profession, and almost 10% of the subjects show a low level of focus on learning in the process of education. The authors provided practical recommendations on the formation of positive motivation for students' training when studying humanities at a medical university with the help of multimedia teaching materials, inclusion of students in the self-directed research activity, etc. Conclusions: On the basis of generalized experience of educators and psychologists, as well as our own studies, we consider that the following pedagogical conditions form the positive motivation towards education in medical students of the first year of study: effective use of modern multimedia specialized tools (electronic journals, specialized web-sites); students' engagement in the self-directed research activity; use of modern specialized software for solving professional tasks. Such techniques enable the integration of knowledge, skills and abilities in several subjects, prepare students for academic subjects in the second year of study and maximally approximate the training objectives to future professional activities.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ МОТИВИРУЮЩИХ ФАКТОРОВ К ПОЛУЧЕНИЮ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ НАВЫКОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ОБУЧЕНИЯ

Subject. Medical activity by virtue of its specifics requires profound professional self-determination of a specialist, motivation for constant self-improvement in the profession and high professional moral culture. Mastering and further process of self-realization of a specialist in the profession is continuous and carried out throughout the professional life of the doctor. Objectives. Determining the nature of the changes in factors affecting the professional choice of the student in the learning process. Results. The answers to questions of the questionnaire of students during their studies at first in the third year and then in the fifth are analyzed. The transformation of motivating factors in the learning process is noted. As the profession develops, fewer students experience difficulties in mastering knowledge and skills. Doubting the correctness of the choice of profession, students have difficulties in dealing with strangers, and 88,9 % of students experience learning difficulties. There is an increase in interest in research work from 3,3 % in the third year, to 10,5 % in the fifth. To determine how much the students feel prepared for the forthcoming work activity, it was suggested to evaluate their theoretical knowledge, practical skills and psychological readiness on a five-point scale. On average, more than half of the students (60,5-71 %) consider themselves prepared "well" (4) in all three areas. Conclusions 1. Students of the dental faculty in overwhelming majority of cases took the opinion of parents into accountwhen entering a higher medical educational institution. 2. Advanced acquaintance with the profession promotes the growth of interest in the chosen specialty. 3. The formation of confidence in the choice of a profession is influenced by the organization of the practical part of the class. 4. At the final stage of vocational training 94,7 % of students expressed a desire to work in the specialty. There is an increase in the interest in professional activities from 86,6 % in the third year to 94,7 % in the fifth year.

Социальное проектирование в ранней профориентации школьников

The study deals with the social project in school as one of the methods of early career guidance of school students. The age-related psychological characteristics of primary, middle and high school students are considered. The examples of social projects implemented in urban schools are provided. The early career guidance is reflected in both class teacher and teaching staff activity. It mainly serves to develop the students’ personal meaning of getting cognitive experience and having an interest in professional activities. The social projects under review focus on mastering certain tools by students that will be useful in the process of career choice and professional fulfilment. According to the assessment, professional self-determination in primary school age influence the choice of a field of study in high school.

Psychological and pedagogical basic of development of readiness pedagogical staff to professional certification

Today the demand for certification of pedagogical staff is the priority issue. It is related to rebranding teaching and educators’ competitiveness. The research purpose was to investigate psychological and pedagogical features of forming readiness of educators to certification.The results of the accomplished questionnaire of respondents of Zaporizhzhia region in 2016-2017 about their attitude toward certification show that 85 % of respondents refer critically. It speaks to the absence of readiness of respondents to educational reform, changes in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education in general and implementation of procedure of certification in particular.According to the investigation, 62 % of respondents are engaged systematically in self-education. The third of respondents (31 %) pay attention to self-education with the frequency of several times a year. Among basic barriers of professional self-education, respondents name external factors (lack of time (56 %), large academic load (38 %)), and personal factors (emotional fatigue (33 %), lack of motivation to self-education (34 %)). Basic motivators of the professional development are the personal interest in professional activity (60 %) and internal satisfied of the necessity of professional development (48 %). Financial stimulation is the main reason of professional development for 45 % respondents.Forming of readiness of pedagogical staff to the certification requires learning not only the standard professional knowledge and skills but also the development of professionally meaningful qualities. It is possible due to the implementation of the technology of psychological and pedagogical support of the professional development of pedagogical staff into the process of continuous formation