Interdisciplinary Relationships Research Articles

Practical aspects of applying interdisciplinary interaction in navy specialists training

Experience shows that the multilateral study of a foreign language should be emphasized in the process of navy specialists training, which will benefit organic integration of future seafarer into a new working atmosphere. The relevance of the study is determined by the alteration of the conditions of the institutional environment, which includes not only the requirements of employers and the impact of the external environment, but also the learning process organization in a higher educational institution. The purpose of the study is to identify promising directions for the development of the educational process, approaches to its construction in accordance with the new conditions. In the work, methods of observation, study and generalization of experience, an analytical method, a survey of potential employers by the method of in-depth interviews have been used. The survey covered both Russian and foreign employers. The main requirements of employers regarding seafarers are identified on the example of Novorossiysk being one of the largest seaports in the country. The range of problems arising in the training of a modern navy specialist is determined. The working curriculum of a specific maritime specialty is analyzed, which enabled to establish interdisciplinary relationships between a foreign language and other disciplines of the plan. An algorithm for hiring seafarers is presented based on the results of a survey covering crewing companies’ employees. The algorithm proves the need to form an educational process in a maritime higher education institution within the framework of interdisciplinary interaction. It is shown that holding joint seminars and workshops is relevant and in demand. Recommendations for conducting interdisciplinary classes are presented.

МЕТОДИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ РОБОТИЗАЦІЇ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ

The article proves that in the conditions of digitization, the development and implementation of certain robotic technologies, the robotics of business processes are promising directions of innovative development of railway transport enterprises of Ukraine. It was established that robotics mainly covers only some processes of management of operational activities, while the degree of wear and tear of rolling stock and specialized track equipment is critical, and this does not allow railway transport enterprises to maintain leading positions in the market of transport and logistics services. Considering the size of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" activity, it must be noted that the development, and most importantly, the implementation of such programs are possible only if there are large investors capable of ensuring a colossal shift in the industry. However, even for them, the issue of the payback period and the possibility of achieving the established strategic, technical-technological, social and environmental development benchmarks remains important, because the investments are colossal. That is why today it is necessary to develop a methodical approach that would take into account the above-mentioned key problems regarding the provision of innovative development of railway transport enterprises in the conditions of the formation of the digital economy. The analysis of existing approaches to the technical rearmament and robotization of enterprises led to the conclusion that the most optimal for use is a comprehensive approach that takes into account the nature of business processes, their systemic interdisciplinary relationship, process risks, economic aspects of the introduction of robots based on the assessment of the life cycle cost. The proposed improved methodological support for the process of robotization of railway transport enterprises, based on the calculation of five components (strategic, economic, technical and technological, ecological, social) and a complex indicator, will contribute to the innovative development of railway transport enterprises in accordance with the mega trends of the development of the world economy and ensure their efficiency and competitiveness.

The use of interdisciplinary relations during the formation of the “Electric field vector” concept

The use of interdisciplinary relations during the formation of the “Electric field vector” concept

Providing rehabilitation services to major traumatic injury survivors in rural Australia: perspectives of rehabilitation practitioners and compensation claims managers

Purpose The delivery of healthcare services in rural locations can be challenging. From the perspectives of rural rehabilitation practitioners and compensation claims managers, this study explored the experience of providing and coordinating rehabilitation services for rural major traumatic injury survivors. Materials and Methods Semi-structured interviews with 14 rural rehabilitation practitioners and 10 compensation claims managers were transcribed, and reflexive thematic analysis was conducted. Results Six themes were identified (1) Challenges finding and connecting with rural services, (2) Factors relating to insurance claims management, (3) Managing the demand for services, (4) Good working relationships, (5) Limited training and support, and (6) Client resilience and community. System-related barriers included a lack of available search resources to find rural rehabilitation services, limited service/clinician availability and funding policies lacking the flexibility to meet rehabilitation needs in a rural context. Strong peer and interdisciplinary relationships were viewed as crucial facilitators, which rural practitioners were particularly adept at developing. Conclusions Greater consideration of unique needs within rural contexts is required when developing service delivery models. Specifically, flexible and equitable funding policies; facilitating interdisciplinary connections, support and training for rehabilitation practitioners and compensation claims managers; and harnessing clients’ resilience may improve the delivery of rural services. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Rural survivors of major traumatic injury often have ongoing health and rehabilitation needs and struggle to access required treatment services. Rehabilitation providers and compensation claims managers highlighted areas for improvement in rural areas, including resources for locating available services, funding the additional costs of rural service delivery, and greater service choice for clients. Building rural workforce capacity for treatment of major traumatic injury is needed, including improved clinician access to specialist training and support. Developing good working relationships between clients and clinicians, including interdisciplinary collaborations, and supporting client resilience and self-management should be promoted in future service delivery models.

Class Collabs: Assessing Inter-disciplinary Relationship Building in Media Education

Class Collabs: Assessing Inter-disciplinary Relationship Building in Media Education

Axial Symmetry in Non-standard Problems with Connection to Musical Art

In the paper, we will focus on the relationship between the teaching subjects of mathematics and musical art from the point of view of solving non-standard geometric problems. We designed several problems in order to point out the connection between theoretical knowledge and practical life. We present interdisciplinary relations as one of the possible innovative forms of teaching in secondary school.

A Concise Treatise on Converting Stellar Mass Fractions to Abundances to Molar Ratios

Understanding stellar composition is fundamental not only to our comprehension of the Galaxy, especially chemical evolution, but it can also shed light on the interior structure and mineralogy of exoplanets, which are formed from the same material as their host stars. Unfortunately, the underlying mathematics describing stellar mass fractions and stellar elemental abundances is difficult to parse, is fragmented across the literature, and contains vexing omissions that makes any calculation far from trivial, especially for nonexperts. In this treatise, we present a clear mathematical formalism and clarification of inherent assumptions and normalizations within stellar composition measurements, which facilitates the conversion from stellar mass fractions to elemental abundances to molar ratios, including error propagation. We also provide an example case study of HIP 544 to further illustrate the provided equations. Given the important chemical association between stars, as well as the interdisciplinary relationship between stars and their planets, it is vital that stellar mass fractions and abundance data be more transparent and accessible to people within different subfields and scientific disciplines.

INTERDISCIPLINARY COMPETENCIES OF MANAGERS FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL BREAKTHROUGH

The article aims to study the structure of and improve the model for the fostering of managerial competencies to solve the problems of a technological breakthrough in the domestic economy. The authors apply their proprietary approach that makes it possible to reveal the range of interdisciplinarity and to specify its content. Methods and tools for mastering the competencies in demand are developed. As the empirical base which proves the validity of their сonclusions, the authors cite their own research as well as the results of the analysis of educational programs in engineering management implemented at the leading universities of the world, and the expert opinions of the heads of energy enterprises and professors of Russian universities. The paper analyzes the key factors in the formation of interdisciplinary competencies: a management paradigm towards which the educational process is oriented, a model of knowledge and skills that is adequate to the content of the tasks of a technological breakthrough, a methodology for analyzing interdisciplinary relationships in managerial decisions. The article outlines the relevant experience of training managers of various levels by the Department of Energy Management Systems and Industrial Enterprises of Ural Federal University.The study is scientifically novel as it discovers a new approach to understanding interdisciplinarity when determining the managerial competencies necessary for a technological breakthrough. The practical significance of the article is due to the fact that it presents the experience of implementing the developed approach to the training of managers with an increased readiness to constantly embrace and implement future technologies.

Multilevel impacts of a pediatric early warning system in resource-limited pediatric oncology hospitals.

BackgroundPediatric Early Warning Systems (PEWS) reduce clinical deterioration, improve interdisciplinary communication, and provide cost savings; however, little is known about how these impacts are achieved or related. This study evaluates the multi-level impacts of PEWS in resource-limited pediatric oncology centers.MethodsWe conducted 71 semi-structured interviews including physicians (45%), nurses (45%), and administrators (10%) from 5 resource-limited pediatric oncology centers in 4 Latin American countries. Interviews were conducted in Spanish, transcribed, and translated into English. A code book was developed using a priori and inductively derived codes. Transcripts were independently coded by 2 coders, achieving a kappa of 0.8-0.9. Thematic content analysis explored perceived impacts of PEWS at the level of the patient, clinician, healthcare team, and institution.ResultsPEWS improved the quality of attention for patients, reducing morbidity and mortality. Clinicians felt more knowledgeable, confident, and empowered providing patient care, resulting in greater job satisfaction. PEWS affected team dynamics by improving interdisciplinary (ward and intensive care unit) and interprofessional (physicians and nurses) relationships and communication. This ultimately led to institutional culture change with emphasis on patient safety, collaboration with other centers, and receipt of institutional awards. Together, these impacts led to hospital-wide support of ongoing PEWS use.ConclusionsIn resource-limited hospitals, PEWS use results in multi-level positive impacts on patients, clinicians, teams, and institutions, creating a feedback loop that further supports ongoing PEWS use. These findings can guide advocacy for PEWS to various stakeholders, improve PEWS effectiveness, and inform assessment of other interventions to improve childhood cancer outcomes.

The digital approach to semiotics: a systematic review

Abstract This article traces the presence of the concept digital semiotics in scientific literature with the aim of constituting a corpus of study that would allow to identify its goals and fields of interest. We undertook a systematic review of the term in the most important academic databases. We obtained 389 records and analyzed each of them in terms of publication date, type, content, and synthesis of contributions that develop distinct lines of investigation in digital semiotics. The results show a reduced number of first level publications that approach in detail this object of inquiry while establishing multimodal semiotics and social semiotics as the most consolidated branches. However, we found an increasing amount of gray literature that paves the way towards a deeper semiotic research tradition in the 21st century. We conclude by calling for a revision of semiotics, understood as a field of study that brings together interdisciplinary relationships and methodological solutions that interrogate the digital culture.

COMMUNICATION AND INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM WORK IN PALLIATIVE CARE

Palliative care is a treatment modality that aims to improve the quality of life of patients and their families. Communication and interdisciplinary relationships are significant elements in the palliative care process. The present study aims to point out the importance of interdisciplinary communication, based on the approach of different authors, in the, care of patients in palliative care. This is an exploratory research, having as a tool the bibliographic review of authors who discuss the subject. In this study, the importance of communication in interdisciplinary teamwork in the team, patient and family relationship is verified.

Dancers, Mountains, and People in the Fields

Dancers, Mountains, and People in the Fields

POSSIBLE USE OF MATHEMATICS AND REASONING IN PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESS OF SEVERAL CHEMICAL PROBLEMS

Nowadays it is important to use various approaches, methods and tricks during teaching process of chemistry helping students gain new knowledge. Using interdisciplinary relations, we show the use of concept of similar triangles and mathematical reasoning during problem-solving process of chemical problems.
 In “Solutions” section it is shown how to apply concept of similar triangles and corresponding formula is derived. Patterns observed here exactly match the properties of well-known concept of similar triangles, which gives possibility to solve problem using mathematical tricks and methods. The formula is used to calculate the mass of precipitate formed caused by the drop of temperature of a saturated solution. In another example, in order to solve the problem, it is needed to solve a triangle equation, which is done using mathematical reasoning and concepts taught at school. It is well known that school knowledge may be insufficient to solve triangle equations. It should be noted, that majority of unknown values in chemical problems can be expressed using discreet values, which allows to solve problem by redefining it to mathematical divisibility problem.
 We provide solutions to chemical problems that don’t involve much of chemical reasoning. Suggested solutions broaden learners’ mind and enhance creative thought.

Working for an Algorithm: Studying Gig Workers’ Career Experiences

A new and rapidly developing phenomenon in the labor market is gig work. Gig work refers to short-term work or a ‘gig’ that sees intermediary platforms match workers with requesters/consumers via an app (Kuhn et al., 2021). Such work sees platform or gig organizations manage workers via algorithms causing a reconfiguration of the traditional employment relationship (Duggan et al., 2020; Kellogg et al., 2020). Although research in this domain is increasing exponentially as evidenced by published papers, special journal issues, books and conference presentations and symposia/workshops, knowledge is still in its infancy, particularly related to micro-level phenomena. In that vein, we propose this symposium to further refine and broaden the understanding of gig workers’ experiences, and in so doing help advance gig work theorization along with offering insights that may make improvements to practice. To achieve this goal, the symposium features four papers. The first one explores the social exchanges in the gig economy ecosystem (Paper 1). The following two studies also focus on the employment relationship between the algorithm and the worker, delineating this relationship in a conceptual piece (Paper 2), and investigating how a more human centered approach of the algorithmic management potentially enhances the sustainability of gig workers’ experiences (Paper 3). The fourth paper examines the challenging environment of gig workers as potentially impeding living a calling (Paper 4). Taken together, this symposium will provide important insights for scholars and practitioners across interrelated disciplines such as careers, human resource management (HRM), and organizational behavior (OB). Tough Love in the Ecosystem of the Gig Economy: An Ethnographic Study on Social Exchange Experiences Presenter: Jana Retkowsky; Vrije U. Amsterdam Presenter: Jos Akkermans; Vrije U. Amsterdam Presenter: Sanne Nijs; Human Resource Studies, Tilburg U. Presenter: Paul G W Jansen; Vrije U. Amsterdam Psychological Contracts in the Age of the Algorithm: A Gig Work Perspective Presenter: Ultan Sherman; Cork U. Business School Presenter: Ronan Carbery; Cork U. Business School Presenter: Anthony McDonnell; U. College Cork Presenter: Michael J. Morley; U. of Limerick Between Utopia and Pragmatism: Balancing Relationships Related to Algorithmic Management Presenter: Chloé Brassart; U. of Liège Presenter: Francois Pichault; U. of Liege Gig Work Challenges and Work Alienation: Hindering Factors for Living a Calling? Presenter: Lorenz Affolter; - Presenter: Daniel Spurk; U. of Bern Presenter: Caroline Straub; Bern U. of Applied Sciences

Acoustic pre-design studies of ducted fans for small aircraft

This publication presents an analytical method for the aerodynamic and acoustic pre-design of ducted fans for small aircraft. Based on studies of the primary design variables, the paper discusses the physical sound generation phenomena, as well as the interdisciplinary relationships of ducted fan design. First, the fan design and analysis methods are described. On the basis of an aerodynamic mean line method, the radial distribution of the flow velocities is used to determine the steady blade flow. Unsteady aerodynamic excitations are calculated by means of Sears’ blade response function. To determine the generation and propagation of sound within the ducted fan, Goldstein’s acoustic analogy is solved analytically. The methods are applied to a reference case, for which studies show that ducted fans offer significant potential in reducing sound emission, compared to free propellers. Since the rotor-alone noise of subsonic ducted fans is always cut-off, tonal sound is predominantly excited by rotor–stator interactions. These sources can be significantly reduced by a proper selection of the rotor blade and stator vane numbers, as well as optimal lean and sweep of the stator vanes. Large diameters and axial gaps are acoustically advantageous, but reduce fan stage efficiency and increase nacelle drag due to large wetted areas, especially at cruise. As a result, the importance of considering these complex interdependencies in a comprehensive design approach is shown. The pre-design method presented can be used to determine an optimal ducted fan design, taking into account interdisciplinary trade-offs, with an emphasis on noise. Analysis of the ducted fan concept shows that the ducted fan can be a promising alternative to the free propeller, especially if low noise emission is required.

The effects of nursing work environment on patient safety in Saudi Arabian hospitals.

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of the nursing work environment on patients’ safety in Saudi Arabian hospitals.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional design for collecting the data related to the nursing work environment and patients’ safety from nursing staff in Saudi Arabian hospitals. The survey questionnaire included in this study has two pre-validated questionnaires including practice environment scale-nursing work index questionnaire and hospital’s survey on patients’ safety developed by Surveys on Patients Safety Culture. The survey link was forwarded to HR administrators of 96 hospitals in Saudi Arabia, which included 72 public hospitals, 23 private hospitals, and one public-private hospital. Three hundred sixty-nine responses were received. After removing the incomplete responses, 357 responses were considered for the data analysis, in which t-tests and Pearson’s correlation techniques were adopted.ResultsStrongest correlations were identified between resource adequacy and work area (r = 0.763, p < 0.01), “participation in management and leadership” and work area (r = 0.712, p < 0.01), “participation in management and leadership” and supervisor/managers’ approaches (r = 0.731, p < 0.01), and “nursing care and inter-disciplinary relationships and frequency of events” (r = 0.701, p < 0.01).ConclusionThe nursing work environment factors, especially participation, management and leadership, nursing care, inter-disciplinary relationships, and resource adequacy have to be improved in order to improve the patients’ safety.

Recognizing the Plural Sector: Nonprofit Studies in a Business School Environment

The “best place” debate centers on which disciplinary setting is best for degree programs in nonprofit management education. We contribute to the discussion by reflecting on the constraints and opportunities intentionally identified in a developing program within an established business school. We ground our work in the nonprofit sector’s interdependence with the market and public sectors, and identify opportunities for reciprocity within a business school setting. Finally, we identify cultivating interdisciplinary relationships as a strategy to ameliorate tension between a competitive vs. collaborative “forced choice” approach.

Možnosti využitia potenciálu horskej krajiny v terénnom vyučovaní na príklade Španej doliny

One of the many options of geographical education is field teaching. Thanks to the direct contact of pupils with the country and specific examples of human activity in it, pupils have the opportunity to understand better the interconnectedness of various phenomena and components in the country and build a positive relationship to its natural and social values. Another reason for using field teaching is the possibility of applying interdisciplinary relationships, while on the example of a mining country, it is possible to integrate information, topics and procedures from geography, geology, history and other subjects. The importance of field teaching also lies in the practical use of knowledge and skills pupils have acquired at school. It also gives more space for group work, communication, strengthens social relations. Field teaching of geography at primary and secondary schools has its place also within the current school curriculum. Nevertheless, teachers include this method in the teaching only to a limited extent. The paper presents the mining village of Špania Dolina near Banská Bystrica, its potential in science and social education, and the design and experience with the implementation of field teaching in this village.

Towards a Definition of the Term 'Nature-Equivalent Architecture'

This research aims to characterise and systematise ‘nature-oriented' movements in architecture and seeks to define the proposed term ‘nature-equivalent architecture'. The authors aimed to introduce readers to current global interdisciplinary relations between landscape architecture, environmental crisis and architecture in Russia, the discussion of which is closely aligned with global processes in these spheres. It is necessary to define and separate numerous related definitions of what is known as ‘green' architecture in Russia. For this purpose, the present research provides an overview of the Russian literature on this subject and analyses creative concepts related to nature-equivalent architecture. The research methodology is based on the study and comparison of the world experience and the experience of designing ‘nature-equivalent' architecture within the walls of the Moscow Architectural Institute. The results of this research are applied in design training in the Landscape Architecture department of the Moscow Architectural Institute. The proposed concept of nature-equivalent architecture, at a worldview level, sets an overarching goal for architects, landscape architects, urbanists, ecologists and other specialists: to create a truly ‘natural' city which is a geoequivalent to a natural landscape. Theoretical and historical prerequisites of this theory can be found when comparing numerous terms existing in Russia and evolutionary terms that define related concepts. Nature-equivalent architecture is defined as a theory that integrates numerous synonymous definitions. As its name signifies, it recreates the quality of nature in an architectural environment. A historical and theoretical basis for the development of what the authors call ‘the nature-equivalent' movement in architecture can thus be identified. The research proves that Russian architects perceive landscape architecture as a global creative method.

Insights from the relationship between urban form, social media, and edu-tourism

ABSTRACT Educational tourism and urban spaces are complex and interwoven phenomena of the contemporary globalized world. The extended windows of time that students of higher education institutes spend in the host cities makes them more than mere visitors; they become part of the everyday life of the urban context. Nevertheless, the interdisciplinary relationship between urban studies and edu-tourism remains understudied in contemporary literature, especially considering emerging types of data that can provide new insights. This paper draws on volunteered geographic information to explore interactions between higher education students and their host cities. Geotagged Twitter data was analysed in terms of both spatial density and content. The study was conducted in two coastal cities of Cyprus. The analysis indicates tendencies for student interactions with spaces outside the university campuses—with the majority of tweets associated with non-educational interaction types and venues with diverse spatial signatures. This study argues that edu-tourism is largely associated with urban tourism and it is essential to consider these interactions in decision-making and urban planning to improve both the tourism industry and the urban spaces.