Interactive Control System Research Articles

3D Printing Hip Prostheses Offer Accurate Reconstruction, Stable Fixation, and Functional Recovery for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty with Complex Acetabular Bone Defect

Complicated and large acetabular bone defects present the main challenges and difficulty in the revision of total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study aimed to explore the advantages of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in the reconstruction of such acetabular bone defects. We retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of four severe bone defects around the acetabulum in three patients who were treated using 3D printing technology. Reconstruction of bone defect by conventional methods was difficult in these patients. In this endeavor, we used radiographic methods, related computer software such as Materialise's interactive medical image control system and Siemens NX software, and actual surgical experience to estimate defect volume, prosthesis stability, and installation accuracy, respectively. Moreover, a Harris hip score was obtained to evaluate limb function. It was found that bone defects could be adequately reconstructed using a 3D printing prosthesis, and its stability was reliable. The Harris hip score indicated a very good functional recovery in all three patients. In conclusion, 3D printing technology had a good therapeutic effect on both complex and large bone defects in the revision of THA. It was able to achieve good curative effects in patients with large bone defects.

Meta Analysis of Management Control System, Strategy and Performance of Business Unit

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of management control systems on the strategy and its impact on business unit performance. Management control system uses lever's control approach consisting of belief system, boundary system, diagnostic control system and interactive control system. The influence and impact of the management control system resulted from previous research studies. This research used a meta-analysis method. Meta-analysis is the study of a number of research results in similar problems. The unit of analysis in the study are written documents about the research of management control systems in the form of journal articles and research reports taken purposely based on their compatibility with the research theme. Data analysis used is quantitative data analysis with percentage and qualitative data analysis for descriptive analysis result data on 25 research related to management control systems. Findings of meta-analysis results based on research objectives, research variables used, population / sample of research, data collection techniques and analysis tools show that management control system lever's of control approach can contribute to the achievement of strategy and impact on business unit performance improvement.

Cybersecurity: Preventing Infection in a Body of Data

Fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me. That’s an adage that often alerts us to the dangers of knowing - and yet not mitigating - the repercussions of risk. And with the resurgence of cyberattacks globally, it’s also a wakeup call to cyber readiness. The oil and gas industry faces particular risk - though it’s not necessarily ready (Fig 1). Sixty-one percent of oil and gas professionals who are responsible for cyber risk said their organization fell short last year in protecting and securing its industrial control systems (ICS). Sixty-eight percent surveyed said their organization had experienced at least one cyber compromise in the past year, resulting in OT disruption or the loss of confidential information (Ponemon 2017). And perhaps most alarming: They did not have a clear strategy to address it. This is an industry where the opportunities for infiltration are nearly limitless. A typical large oil and gas company uses half a million processors just for reservoir simulation; it generates, transmits, and stores petabytes (each equal to 1,015 bytes) of sensitive field data; and it operates thousands of drilling and production control systems in diverse locations, with numerous fields, vendors, service providers, and partners (Mittal et al. 2015). ICS are used to control assets spanning thousands of square miles - such as the 2.6 million miles of oil and gas pipeline in the US alone (PHMSA). ICS may be as simple as a few panel-mounted controllers or as complex as interconnected and interactive distributed control systems with thousands of field connections. At the same time, cloud-based internet of things (IoT) technology, wireless communications networks, and analytical and automated tools are connecting operations in real time, with new data-based links between rigs, refineries, and headquarters. And as these connections multiply exponentially, the exposure - and thus the threats - increase. “The industry is increasingly becoming a target, with attacks growing in frequency, sophistication, and impact. Data is becoming more valuable, perhaps the most valuable commodity in the world right now, and oil and gas companies are oozing with data,” Ben Dickinson, global cybersecurity lead for ABB’s oil, gas, and chemicals unit, said at the 2019 SPE Offshore Europe conference.

The Value of Computed Tomography Three-Dimensional Imaging Technology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sports Knee Ligament Strain

Objective: To improve the efficiency and accuracy of the diagnosis and treatment of sports knee ligament strain, the application value of computerized tomography (CT) three-dimensional (3D) imaging technology in the diagnosis and treatment of sports knee ligament strain is studied. Methods: This study proposes a method for CT 3D image reconstruction based on the model clustering algorithm. First, the knee joint CT images of research objects are preprocessed. Second, based on the preprocessing, the healthy adult male knee ligament distribution structure map is used as a reference model. The model clustering segmentation algorithm proposed in this study is used for detailed segmentation, and the results are input into Materialise’s interactive medical control system (Mimics) software. According to the process, the 3D CT reconstructed images are derived. Finally, the 3D reconstruction results of knee ligament CT are optimized by using Geomagic Studio 2012 software. The application of 3D CT images and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images obtained by the algorithm in this study in the diagnosis and treatment of knee ligament strains are compared. Results: The CT 3D image reconstruction method based on the model clustering algorithm proposed in this study can clearly show the ligament structure of the knee joint. The optimized CT 3D image has a smoother surface and a clearer display, which is more conducive for observing the knee joint ligament structure more clearly. The comparative experiments have found that the diagnostic accuracy of 3D CT images is 95%, and the diagnostic accuracy of MRI images is 85%. The diagnostic accuracy of the 3D reconstructed images proposed in this study is significantly higher than that of MRI images, and the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The proposed algorithm has an excellent effect on the 3D reconstruction of CT images. Also, it has high efficiency and accuracy in the diagnosis and treatment of sports knee ligament strains.

Management control levers in hospitals: the influence of accreditation on other management control systems

The objective of this study is to identify the influence of accreditation on management control systems (MCS) before and after implementation. A survey was performed, with a sample of 92 respondents (professionals responsible for implementing accreditation) and a t-test was used to evaluate the difference between the two samples (before and after accreditation). The results show that after accreditation, management control systems (beliefs, boundary, diagnostic, and interactive control systems) had seen significant improvements, leading to better management and quality of the health services provided. In the face of growing demands from the health sector, analyzing the balanced use of management techniques that improve organizational control in companies is expected to contribute to better service delivery and maximization of generally scarce resources.

An angle-changeable tracked robot with human-robot interaction in unstructured environments

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the adaptability of the tracked robot in complex working environment. It proposes an angle-changeable tracked robot with human–robot interaction in unstructured environment. The study aims to present the mechanical structure and human–robot interaction control system of the tracked robot and analyze the static stability of the robot working in three terrains, i.e. rugged terrain, sloped terrain and stairs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents the mechanical structure and human–robot interaction control system of the tracked robot. To prevent the detachment of the tracks during obstacle navigation, a new type of passively adaptive device based on the relationship between the track’s variable angle and the forces is presented. Then three types of rough terrain are chosen to analyze the static stability of the tracked robot, i.e. rugged terrain, sloped terrain and stairs.FindingsThis paper provides the design method of the tracked robot. Owing to its appropriate dimensions, good mass distribution and limited velocity, the tracked robot remains stable on the complex terrains. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the design method.Originality/valueThe theoretical analysis of this paper provides basic reference for the structural design of tracked robots.

Levers of Control for Supply Chain Sustainability: Control and Governance Mechanisms in a Cross-Boundary Setting

The rise of global supply chains as well as attention to the Triple Bottom Line provides organizations with new conditions and strategy paradoxes to be dealt with when it comes to sustainability in supply chain management. This study of a large multinational organization with a strong Triple Bottom Line focus provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of control and governance mechanisms in supply chain context. Through the Levers of Control framework, the application of these mechanisms both internally and across organizational boundaries is shown. The interplay between levers helps in dealing with the in itself paradoxical nature of Triple Bottom Line goalsetting. The results show that the “softer” elements of the Triple Bottom Line, i.e., People and Planet, are approached with the lever associated with the beliefs system, which in turn enforces the boundary and interactive control systems. Ultimately, applying the Levers of Control in supply chain context might contribute to pursuing a holistic approach of sustainable supply chain management.

Three-dimensional Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Volume in Different Sex Groups Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography

Background/Objectives: Determining the sex of corpses is the first step of identification in a forensic analysis. Accurate anatomical knowledge for the maxillary-sinus serves as an important mediator of forensic sex determination.Method/Statistical Analysis: This study included 57 patients (27 males and 30 females) of Dan-kook university dental hospital. Cone-beam computed tomography data images were imported and reconstructed into Three-dimensional models by an interactive medical image control system, Mimics 17.0 software. This study was analyze at 95% significance level using SPSS Version 20.0. The independent t-test was performed to compare the measured values among the two experimental groups.Findings: The volume of the maxillary sinus measured with traditional radiography may differ from its actual size. The maxillary sinus can be more accurately measured using a 3D model restructured using the CBCT data as the 2D base compared to simple linear measurement in 2D model. In the present study, sex-specific volumes of the maxillary sinus were measured using a 3D model, and there were no significant differences in the volumes between the left and right for both men and women. However, between sexes, the mean left sinus volume was significantly greater among men (23.25) than women (17.59) (p<0.05). The mean right sinus volume was also significantly greater among men (22.46) than women (17.35) (p<0.05).Improvements/Applications: This study obtained more accurate sex-specific anatomical data for the maxillary sinus using a 3D model. The volume of the maxillary sinus is valuable in researching sex determination.

Analysis of Segmentation and Modeling of Lung Cancer Images Scanned Continuously by Computed Tomography Based on Materiaise's Interactive Medical Image Control System

The purpose of this study is to explore the value of CT (computed tomography) continuous scanning by MIMICS (Materiaise's interactive medical image control system) in segmentation modeling of lung cancer images and to analyze the process of building a three-dimensional finite element model of lung cancer quickly and accurately. In this study, MIMICS software is used to conduct data collection of routine CT continuous image for 12 patients diagnosed with lung cancer, and a database is established. The image is divided according to a specific rule, such as grayscale, space, texture, geometric shape and other characteristics, to form a series of meaningful regions. Software MIMICS17.0 is used to perform visualization segmentation, extraction, and 3d rendering to images, followed by data transformation. Because the 3d images constructed by MIMICS software have the advantages of strong editability and wide subsequent application, the lung cancer model images constructed in this study are lifelike in shape, with high geometric similarity and strong sense of solidity, truly reflecting the morphological characteristics of lung cancer and the spatial relationship between adjacent structures. Therefore, by transparently treating the lungs, the internal tumor, bronchial system and vascular system can be observed directly, thereby better presenting the spatial location of the lung tumor. However, due to the limitations of the software itself, the XYZ data of lung of space-occupying lesions could not be output by the program, which needs to be further studied and verified.

Exploring The Relationships Between Environmental Uncertainty, Business Strategy and Management Control System on Firm Performance

The subject of this study is the effects of three way interaction between environmental uncertainty, business strategy and management control system on firm performance. The data from 94 Turkish manufacturing company of 500 top class company is analyzed with the SPSS. The results of multiple regression analysis indicate that higher differentiation strategy, management control system, the three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy and management control system and the three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy and interactive control system lead to higher firm performance. According to the results of t-test, the firms with high performance tend to use differentiation strategy, management control system, three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy and management control system, three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, cost leadership strategy and management control system, three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy and interactive control system, three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, cost leadership strategy and diagnostic control system more than ones with low performance.

Meta analysis: management control system, strategy, company performance

This study aimed at determining and analyzing the meta analysis on journals review of the managementcontrol system, strategy and company performance theme. The management control system used lever's approach ofcontrol consisting of belief system, boundary system, diagnostic control system and interactive control system. Theinfluence and impact of the management control system was resulted from previous research studies. This researchused meta-analysis method. Meta-analysis is the study of a number of research results in similar problems. The unit ofanalysis in the study were written documents about the research of management control system in the form of journalarticles and research reports taken purposively based on their compatibility with the research theme. Data analysisused was quantitative data analysis with percentage and qualitative data analysis for descriptive analysis result dataon 25 research related to management control system. Findings of meta-analysis results based on research objectives,research variables used, population / sample of research, data collection techniques and analysis tools show thatmanagement control system lever's of control approach can contribute to the achievement of strategy and impact onbusiness unit performance improvement.

Reconstruction of talus model with Mimics software for treatment of talar posterior process fracture through posteromedial malleolar approach

Objective To evaluate the advantages of reconstructing by mimics software before operation a three-dimensional model of talar posterior process fracture which is to be used in the treatment of talar posterior process fracture through the posteromedial malleolar approach. Methods From May 2015 to February 2019, 7 patients with talar posterior process fracture were treated at Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Jishuitan Hospital. They were 5 men and 2 women, aged from 20 to 70 years (mean, 39 years). They underwent routine CT examination preoperatively. Their posterior process of talus was reconstructed by Mimics software based on their CT scanning data before operation to determine the size, number and displacement of fracture fragments. Their fractures of posterior process of talus were treated by open reduction and screw fixation in prone position through the posterior ankle approach. The American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scoring system was used to evaluate functional recovery. Results The operation time for this group ranged from 70 min to 105 min, averaging 87.1 min. Early after operation, the wounds healed well with no injury to nerves or tendons. All patients were followed up for 4 to 24 months (average, 12 months). Follow-up by X-ray examination after 10 to 16 weeks revealed fracture union with no complications like screw breakage, nonunion, malunion or traumatic arthritis. Their AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores at the final follow-up ranged from 80 to 98 points. Conclusion Preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction of talar posterior process fracture based on CT images using Mimics software can accurately determine the entry point and direction of screw insertion, yielding advantages of clear exposure, easy reduction and convenient screwing in the treatment of talar posterior process fracture through the posteromedial malleolar approach. Key words: Talus; Os trigonum; Fractures, bone; Materialise’s interactive medical image control system; Surgical approach

インターアクティブ・コントロールを通じた戦略の発現 —経営会議における実態—

インターアクティブ・コントロールを通じた戦略の発現 —経営会議における実態—

Management Control System Design and Employees' Autonomous Motivation

ABSTRACT Using an online survey of 468 U.S. employees from diverse industries and professions, we provide empirical evidence that management control system design choices can affect autonomous motivation in employees. Drawing on self-determination theory and the levers of control framework, we predict and find that employee autonomous motivation is positively associated with the use of beliefs control systems and interactive control systems and negatively associated with the use of diagnostic control systems. Moreover, we find that the joint use of diagnostic and interactive controls is positively associated with autonomous motivation. We also find a positive association between employees' autonomous motivation and individual self-reported effort, job performance, and creativity. Additional analyses examine the sources of motivation behind these results, focusing on identified motivation. The theory and results of our study provide a potential explanation for the recent trend in practice of organizations increasingly emphasizing their values and higher purposes. Data Availability: Data are available upon request.

Dialogue System of Controlling Robot Based on the Theory of Finite-State Automata

The article discusses the system of dialogue control manipulation robots. The analysis of the basic methods of automatic speech recognition, speech understanding, dialogue management, voice response synthesis in dialogue systems has been carried out. Three types of dialogue management are considered as "system initiative", "user initiative" and "combined initiative". A system of object-oriented dialog control of a robot based on the theory of finite state machines with using a deep neural network is proposed. The main difference of the proposed system lies in the separate implementation of the dialogue process and robot’s actions, which is close to the pace of natural dialogue control. This method of constructing a dialogue control robot allows system to automatically correct the result of speech recognition, robot’s actions based on tasks. The necessity of correcting the result of speech recognition and robot’s actions may be caused by the users’ accent, working environment noise or incorrect voice commands. The process of correcting speech recognition results and robot’s actions consists of three stages, respectively, in a special mode and a general mode. The special mode allows users to directly control the manipulator by voice commands. The general mode extends the capabilities of users, allowing them to get additional information in real time. At the first stage, continuous speech recognition is built by using a deep neural network, taking into account the accents and speech speeds of various users. Continuous speech recognition is a real-time voice to text conversion. At the second stage, the correction of the speech recognition result by managing the dialogue based on the theory of finite automata. At the third stage, the actions of the robot are corrected depending on the operating state of the robot and the dialogue management process. In order to realize a natural dialogue between users and robots, the problem is solved in creating a small database of possible dialogues and using various training data. In the experiments, the dialogue system is used to control the KUKA manipulator (KRC4 control) to put the desired block in the specified location, implemented in the Python environment using the RoboDK software. The processes and results of experiments confirming the operability of the interactive robot control system are given. A fairly high accuracy (92 %) and an automatic speech recognition rate close to the rate of natural speech were obtained.

AGILITY AND THE ROLE OF PROJECT — INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR INNOVATION PROJECT PERFORMANCE

As a reaction to the rapidly changing environment, organisations increasingly use agile project management (APM) methods to develop innovation. The associated process changes necessitate the adaption of organisational structures and control systems. This study draws on Simon’s Levers-of-Control framework (LOC) to explore the impact of different control levers on innovation project performance. Based on a survey of 316 project managers and product owners, the results suggest that the use of interactive project control systems and project-internal belief systems has a positive impact on the innovation outcome, regardless of the degree of agility of the project. Furthermore, we reveal that a strong project environment leads to increased use of control mechanisms on the project level and has a conducive impact on innovation project performance. The study is among the first to apply the LOC on the project level and integrate it into the agile context.

Meta Analysis: Management Control System, Strategy, Company Performance

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of management control systems on the strategy and its impact on business unit performance. Management control system uses lever's control approach consisting of belief system, boundary system, diagnostic control system and interactive control system. The influence and impact of the management control system resulted from previous research studies. This research used meta-analysis method. Meta-analysis is the study of a number of research results in similar problems. The unit of analysis in the study are written documents about the research of management control system in the form of journal articles and research reports taken purposively based on their compatibility with the research theme. Data analysis used is quantitative data analysis with percentage and qualitative data analysis for descriptive analysis result data on 25 research related to management control system. Findings of meta-analysis results based on research objectives, research variables used, population / sample of research, data collection techniques and analysis tools show that management control system lever's of control approach can contribute to the achievement of strategy and impact on business unit performance improvement.

Materialise's interactive medical image control system (MIMICS) is feasible for volumetric measurement of urinary calculus.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of using Materialise's interactive medical image control system (MIMICS) to measure urinary calculi volume. We used a cylinder measuring to measure the same polymer clay volume in different groups. Polymer clay was made into an oval shape, an antler type, and a multiple irregular shapes by hand. They are divided into three groups, that is, A, B, and C, each of which has seven polymer clays. The computer tomography (CT) 3D images of each sample were obtained by 256iCT scanning. The CT 3D image was imported into MIMICS to measure the theoretical volume and average CT value of polymer clay. The differences between the volume and CT values measured by MIMICS and 256iCT were evaluated. The volume of each polymer clay that was measured by a measuring cylinder was 34.7ml. The average CT values of groups A, B, and C measured by 256iCT were 1121.3 ± 35.8, 1071.3 ± 22.2, and 1083.9 ± 6.3 Hu, respectively. The theoretical volume and CT values of the ceramics measured by MIMICS were as follows: the averaged volume of group A was 35.1 ± 0.4ml, and the average CT value was 1065.7 ± 5.3 Hu. The average volume of group B was 34.5 ± 0.2ml, and the average CT value was 1008.9 ± 7.7 Hu. The average volume of group C was 34.4 ± 0.5ml, and the average CT value was 980.9 ± 6.1 Hu. MIMICS was reliable in measuring urinary stone volume. The difference between the CT values measured by MIMICS and 256iCT was statistically significant. MIMICS had a slightly lower CT value than that of 256iCT. However, from the data point of view, the difference between the two methods was small.

BELIEF SYSTEM, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN DIAGNOSTIK, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERAKTIF, INOVASI, KINERJA ORGANISASI (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI JAWA BARAT)

This study aims to examine impact of Management Control System on organizational performance mediated by innovativeness. Contingency and Levers of Control theories are used in this research with data collection and judgment sampling method on manufacturing companies. The data are represented by managers and assistant managers as respondents in West Java Area. The data is collected by post, electronic mail and direct survey from January 27, 2016 to March 2016. Result of this study indicates that management control system consisting belief system and interactive control system have a positive effect and significant on innovativeness and innovativeness ultimately have a positive and significant impact to organizational performance. However, diagnostic control system does not have significant influence to innovativeness. This study solely relies on construct of innovativeness capability.

Measuring organizational capabilities to horizontal strategy implementation for conglomerates

AbstractThe horizontal strategy is recommended for the conglomerates by Porter to achieve competitive advantage. There is no established or standard way to execute a horizontal strategy. However, for the execution of a horizontal strategy in an organization, it requires advanced organizational capabilities. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify how to implement horizontal strategies in conglomerate firms. In particular, we investigated the extent to which organizational capabilities or competencies were related to the implementation of a horizontal strategy in conglomerate firms. Apart from this, we considered two organizational capabilities as a management control system and leadership styles. In this study, four novel hypotheses addressing primary constructs, that is, the interactive control system, collective, participatory, and transformative, have been explored. The data for this study were drawn from a sample survey of 122 firms in India. In addition, the data were analyzed by correlation, and then multiple regression analysis followed by the results of this analysis helps to identify the influence of leadership styles and interactive control system on horizontal strategy implementation. We argue through a theoretical and statistical analysis that demonstrates that collective, participative, and transformational leadership will contribute to the success of the horizontal strategy and lent good support to our hypotheses. This study helps the company to investigate the perceived role of organizational arrangements in the implementation of a horizontal strategy in conglomerate firms. This was done in an effort to provide guidelines for the effective use of organizational capabilities as drivers of horizontal strategy implementation. The study provides two key contributions in the field of strategic management: The first explicitly identified horizontal strategies are present in conglomerate firms; the other organizational capabilities that play a significant role in the implementation of horizontal strategy.