Interaction Design Research Research Articles

Rethinking (Dis)engagement in human-computer interaction

User engagement has become a much-cited construct in human-computer interaction (HCI) design and evaluation research and practice. Constructed as a positive and desirable outcome of users' interactions, more frequent and longer interactions are considered evidence of engagement. Disengagement, when discussed, is considered a best avoided outcome of technology use or a solution to problematic technology use. In the case of the former, disengagement may signal usability issues or user disinterest, while the latter emphasizes that some engaging interactions can result in negative consequences (e.g., addiction) for end-users. In this paper, we draw upon examples from HCI research and digital tools to present a more nuanced understanding of the symbiotic relationship between engagement and disengagement in order to propose a new definition and novel ways to model disengagement. Further, we challenge generalizations that dichotomize engagement (positive, continuous, accompanied by high interactivity and beneficial to end-users) and disengagement (negative, stopping use or detrimental use) and invite readers to interpret engagement in the context of desirability with respect to users' goals and perceived agency. We concluded with implications that invite the reader to make space for disengagement and move beyond usage data in the evaluation of engagement. This paper is a call to step away from the practice of engagement-for-engagement's sake, and to reflect on whether and when engagement is meaningful and desirable for end users.

Eyesthetics

Gaze interaction has been growing fast as a compelling tool for control and immersion for gameplay. Here, we present a conceptual framework focusing on the aesthetic player experience and the potential interpretation (meaning) players could give to playing with gaze interaction capabilities. The framework is illustrated by a survey of state of the art research-based and commercial games. We complement existing frameworks by reflecting on gaze interaction in games as the attention relationship between the player (the subject) and the game (the object) with four dimensions: Identity; Mapping; Attention; and Direction. The framework serves as a design and inquiry toolbox to analyse and communicate gaze mechanics in games, reflect on the complexity of gaze interaction, and formulate new research questions. We visualise the resulting design space, highlighting future opportunities for gaze interaction design and HCI gaze research through the framework's lens. We deem, this novel approach advocates for the design of gaze-based interactions revealing the richness of gaze input in future meaningful game experiences.

Analysis of the capabilities of software products to simulate the behavior of dynamic fluid flows

In practice there are many processes that have complicated and complex character. Most often, these are dynamic systems with a large number of variable parameters, which significantly complicates their study, analysis and prediction. For their study most commonly used simulations that allow you to gain knowledge of their systemic nature. In these systems include and the thermodynamic systems where, due to a change of the many influencing parameters: temperature, pressure, velocity, fluid flow rate, various physical processes take place. For their study is widely used computer simulations to help predict the behaviour of systems under various conditions. Simulations are closely related to direct geometric modelling to enable to interactive design research and rapid model creation, allowing engineers to experiment with design ideas and immediately see the result of their changes. As an object of the simulation is most often fluid, structural and thermal simulation applications, which are used both for research and for innovative practical solutions in manufacturing enterprises. Computer simulations allow to predict the behaviour of certain processes in a real environment through virtual testing of CAD models. The main stages contain a methodical sequence, which includes the construction of a mathematical model, its numerical solution and processing of the obtained results. The main equations that make up the mathematical models are the balance equations of mass, momentum and energy, which determine the distribution of velocities, pressures, densities, temperatures and other control parameters. For modelling of flows of liquids and gases for industrial tasks, turbulence, heat transfer and chemical reactions, etc. are taken into account. In the practice, a large number of software solutions to simulate the processes occurring in thermal and fluid flows offered by many manufacturing companies are used. The aim of the present study is to analyse the possibilities of the software products used in practice to simulate the behaviour of dynamic fluid flows under certain initial conditions. Based on the analysis and the formulated conclusions, the choice of a software module for specific thermal research and construction of a geometric model of the studied objects through which numerical (CFD) simulations will be performed using different models, research in different modes of work, as well as the validation of the created methodologies, will be substantiated.

Interaction Design Research Of Suitable For Student Travel APP

In recent years, with the use of mobile phone APPs, more and more people like to use tourism APPs when traveling, and the tourism industry also enters a new era of wireless tourism. College students are a huge tourist group. This paper will summarize an APP suitable for students’ tourism through the analysis of tourism APPs and tourist groups. This APP will make travel plans based on the student’s time, including travel time, travel residence, travel strategy, travel expenses, tour groups, etc. It also includes working with schools and local police to keep students safe. There should be such an APP for student travel to make it convenient for students to travel, enrich their university experience, and make student travel safer and more convenient.

In Search for Design Elements: A New Perspective for Employing Ethnography in Human-Computer Interaction Design Research

ABSTRACT Design ethnography has been widely used in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) to understand people’s everyday behaviors, in order to build technologies capable of meeting users’ needs. Building on top of the recent debate on ethnography within HCI, this article proposes to employ reflexivity and theoretical pluralism to ground a new way of using design ethnography in HCI, directly envisioning novel designs during the fieldwork. Inspired by design practices like biomimicry, I describe the figure of the ethno-designer, a digital design ethnographer who dives into ‘successful’ virtual environments in search for insightful design patterns, with the purpose of creating new designs in other, even distant, contexts. In this perspective, the fieldwork becomes an incessant source of inspiration for identifying effective ‘design elements’, understanding how they work and their ‘experiential effects’, and producing design implications to create novel technologies across multiple application domains.

Research on the Living Protection of Traditional Craft Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Era of Omnimedia

Traditional craft intangible cultural heritage resources can be transformed into the information source of mobile terminals with certain technology, and given a sense of design and international sense, so that the better protection and dissemination of traditional craft intangible cultural heritage can be realized. Based on the liveness and invisibility of traditional craft intangible cultural heritage, this paper uses big data, widely interconnected intelligent terminals and interactive design research to propose methods to protect traditional craft intangible cultural heritage in the era of omnimedia.

Designing for oral storytelling practices at home: A parental perspective

Abstract Storytelling at home is typically an oral practice that supports parents and children to make sense of their family identity. Parents play a key role in crafting the story plot and facilitating the child’s participation in the storytelling process. Yet in the context of digital technology, interaction design researchers have tended to focus on children and how digital storytelling tools can support them in their learning. Adopting a “family lens” the aim of this research is to understand the character of oral storytelling practice and identify opportunities for digital storytelling design. The findings outline a co-design workshop that involved a team of designers and parents, who regularly engaged in oral storytelling. Grounded in a systematic video analysis of the workshop alongside a reflection of the design decisions that unfolded, we contribute four new design opportunities centring on the themes of flexibility, shared experience, minimalism, and autobiographical memories. These opportunities can guide interaction design researchers interested in designing new digital oral storytelling tools for families.

Intelligent interaction design research based on block chain communication technology and fuzzy system

With the increasing amount of information on the Internet, data storage management tends to be distributed. In distributed storage environment, users pay more and more attention to the timeliness of user interaction experience and the reliability of information interaction. However, the efficiency of users is often limited by the efficiency of data communication between distributed sites. One of the important goals of distributed data management is to improve the efficiency of data transmission and ensure the reliability of data transmission. Block chain technology is one of the emerging technologies supporting the development of management information system; it provides a solution for the storage, verification, transmission and communication of the distributed data. This paper focuses on solving the problem of block chain data transmission, and studies it from three aspects: improving the efficiency of data communication, ensuring the reliability of transmission, and improving the fairness of service, and different block chain data communication performance optimization strategies are proposed under the constraints of node communication capability, node trust, weight, priority of service request and other influencing factors.

Research on User Experience Design Consistency of Internet Products Based on User Experience

In recent years, with the continuous development of network technology, our daily life has been inseparable from the Internet. The increasing popularity of various terminal devices has brought about a variety of system and screen sizes. How to maintain the consistency of user experience among a large number of device terminals has attracted more and more attention. As a bridge between human beings and Internet products, whether the interface design is satisfactory to users fundamentally affects the use of products, which is also a hot research topic at home and abroad. Based on the research of multi-screen interactive design, combined with the consistency theory and the construction method of consistent experience, this paper proposes to construct multi-screen interactive consistent experience by seeking commonness from the micro level and emphasizing the use of scenes from the macro level.

Interaction design research based on large data rule mining and blockchain communication technology

As the amount of information in the internet of things increases, data storage management tends to be distributed, which leads to problems such as difficult data cooperation and interaction between sites, low communication efficiency, and poor reliability. Blockchain is one of the new information technologies supporting the development of management information system. It provides a solution for the storage, verification, transmission, and exchange of distributed data. To optimize the communication performance from two aspects of communication topology and communication mechanism, a multi-link and concurrent communication tree model was constructed. To improve blockchain communication technology, an interactive design method based on big data rule mining and blockchain communication technology was proposed, which mainly solved the optimization of transmission performance of blockchain data. On the basis of ensuring the stability and reliability of data transmission, the efficiency of data transmission in blockchain was further optimized, and the integrated factor communication tree algorithm (IFT) was proposed. To solve the influence of transmission delay between nodes on communication performance, a multi-link multifactor weighted communication tree algorithm (MMWT) considering weight was proposed. Moreover, to improve the efficiency of data communication, ensure the reliability of transmission, and improve the fairness of service in the blockchain, different strategies for optimizing the performance of data communication in the blockchain were proposed under the constraints of factors such as node communication ability, node trust, weight, and service request priority. Finally, the simulation results showed that MMWT algorithm had good communication performance in concurrent communication time, communication tree reliability, communication tree depth, and other aspects.

PENERAPAN ALGORITMA SURF PENDETEKSI OBJEK PADA AUGMENTED REALITY BERBASIS ANDROID

Untuk penerapan konsep yang efektif dan efisien dalam pembelajaran menggunakan teknologi augmented reality yang interaktif. Pembelajaran multimedia merupakan bentuk pembelajaran secara interaktif. Pembelajaran dapat dilakukan dikelas maupun dalam bentuk tugas dirumah. Dampak dari pembelajaran interaktif ini sangat mempengaruhi kualitas pemahaman bagi pengguna. Berdasarkan pengujian dari teknologi augmented reality, penelitian, analisis dan analisis desain antarmuka interaktif, proses dan prinsip dilakukan melalui interaksi manusia dan komputer serta pengalaman pengguna. Metode desain antarmuka menggunakan metode Object Oriented Programming dan algoritma Speeded Up Robust Features. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa augmented reality interaktif dapat memberikan metode baru dalam proses pembelajaran dan memperbarui konten pembelajaran di kelas. Singkatnya, metode ini meningkatkan partisipasi dan antusiasme siswa, dan meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran.

Space Food Experiences: Designing Passenger's Eating Experiences for Future Space Travel Scenarios

Given the increasing possibilities of short- and long-term space travel to the Moon and Mars, it is essential not only to design nutritious foods but also to make eating an enjoyable experience. To date, though, most research on space food design has emphasized the functional and nutritional aspects of food, and there are no systematic studies that focus on the human experience of eating in space. It is known, however, that food has a multi-dimensional and multisensorial role in societies and that sensory, hedonic, and social features of eating and food design should not be underestimated. Here, we present how research in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) can provide a user-centered design approach to co-create innovative ideas around the future of food and eating in space, balancing functional and experiential factors. Based on our research and inspired by advances in human-food interaction design, we have developed three design concepts that integrate and tackle the functional, sensorial, emotional, social, and environmental/ atmospheric aspects of “eating experiences in space”. We can particularly capitalize on recent technological advances around digital fabrication, 3D food printing technology, and virtual and augmented reality to enable the design and integration of multisensory eating experiences. We also highlight that in future space travel, the target users will diversify. In relation to such future users, we need to consider not only astronauts (current users, paid to do the job) but also paying customers (non-astronauts) who will be able to book a space holiday to the Moon or Mars. To create the right conditions for space travel and satisfy those users, we need to innovate beyond the initial excitement of designing an “eating like an astronaut” experience. To do so we can draw upon prior HCI research in human-food interaction design and build on insights from food science and multisensory research, particularly research that has shown that the environments in which we eat and drink, and their multisensory components, can be crucial for an enjoyable food experience.

Social car: The research of interaction design on the driver's communication system

SummaryRoad traffic in the city is changing with each passing day. The current communication system is based on sound, light, and other ways. Insufficient information may lead to misunderstandings and conflicts among drivers. We hope to use the existing digital information and interaction technology in designing socialized information service for automobiles. This is to enable drivers to exercise a more social behavior while driving. In this paper, the interaction design of a driver communication system is studied. We carried out three driving simulation experiments to study three different ways of interaction interfaces and then promoted a questionnaire based on NASA TLX to understand the subjective feelings and subjective workload of drivers in using these interaction interfaces. The four dimensions of driving quality evaluation, road attention evaluation, interaction effect evaluation, and subjective evaluation are analyzed. The results suggest four ideas. (a) The distractions of the audio and text interface are far below that of the video interface. The audio interface has the least distraction by sending information. (b) The errors in words or pronunciation barely affect the understanding of the meaning of the drivers' message. However, it will cause an increase in distraction. (c) Marking some important information in text display gives drivers a better understanding and interaction experience. (d) The video interface gives drivers a sense of social participation. According to these conclusions, we can give some guidance to the driver's communication system. It not only helps the drivers accomplish the driving task but also creates more social actions with other drivers. It is necessary to reduce driving distraction and enhance the availability for the communication system in the future.

Designing a Renaissance for Digital News Media

User participation in the journalistic context has theoretically been possible since the emergence of the Internet. The few interface formats which have been developed to link newsrooms and citizens have, however, not followed the same explosive development as other parts of the media landscape. One reason often referred to by the scientific community is the defensive newsroom culture. This essay presents an alternative interpretation and argues that bridging the gap between interaction design research, media and communications research, and practitioners within digital news media, could shed new light on the stalled process of newsroom co-creation with users.

User-centered, interaction design research approaches to inform the development of health risk behavior intervention technologies

BackgroundComputers have tremendous potential for helping people change behaviors that put their health at risk. This potential has led to the development of a variety of health behavior intervention technologies (BITs) in recent years. While many of these BITs have been informed by scientific theories on behavior change, poor design can fail to engage intended users. User-centered, interaction design (IxD) research can help BIT developers create tools that are intuitive and enjoyable and that align with intended users' goals. In this manuscript, we describe an IxD research process we used to inform the development of a tablet-optimized web application designed to help heavy drinking gay and bisexual men reduce their risk for HIV when they seek HIV testing. MethodsWe conducted focus groups with subject matter experts (SMEs, N = 10) and intended users (N = 25). In the SME group, HIV test counselors were recruited to provide an understanding of the priorities and challenges of post-test counseling. In focus groups with intended users, participants created detailed, personalized models of two “typical” users of the proposed app (“personas”) that could be used to guide design decisions. ResultsSMEs emphasized the importance of putting patients at ease, and suggested that interventions should prioritize identifying personal risks and provide options for change. Personas created by intended users provided important details about users' attitudinal and emotional contexts, and their possible motivations and goals for using the app. These suggested that users might be most motivated to use the app in order to understand their personal risks, compare their behavior with others like them, help them decide whether they want to change to reduce their risk, and see all their options for doing so. Personas also provided insights about the aesthetic experience that might be most appealing to users. ConclusionsInteraction design research can provide BIT development teams with personal models of likely users to help guide decisions about the allocation of design resources and the overall form and spirit of the software. These insights can help teams build BITs that are more engaging and interesting to intended users.

Guidelines for Creating Senior-Friendly Product Instructions

Although older adults feel generally positive about technologies, many face difficulties when using them and need support during the process. One common form of support is the product instructions that come with devices. Unfortunately, when using them, older adults often feel confused, overwhelmed, or frustrated. In this work, we sought to address the issues that affect older adults’ ability to successfully complete tasks using product instructions. By observing how older adults used the product instructions of various devices and how they made modifications to simplify the use of the instructions, we identified 11 guidelines for creating senior-friendly product instructions. We validated the usability and effectiveness of the guidelines by evaluating how older adults used instruction manuals that were modified to adhere to these guidelines against the originals and those that were modified by interaction design researchers. Results show that, overall, participants had the highest task success rate and lowest task completion time when using guideline-modified user instructions. Participants also perceived these instructions to be the most helpful, the easiest to follow, the most complete, and the most concise among the three. We also compared the guidelines derived from this research to existing documentation guidelines and discussed potential challenges of applying them.

Developing somatic sensibilities for practices of discernment in interaction design

ABSTRACTThe recent turn in the field of human–computer interaction to design and the aesthetics of interaction has generated a renewed focus on the body as the fundamental site of experience. Interaction design researchers and educators are exploring how to design for the felt dimension of interactions with computing technologies, anchored in the sensing and feeling capacities of the lived body. An expanded view of aesthetics beyond the visual has led to calls for approaches that foster a somatic literacy for interaction design. Our focus in this article centers on the importance of incorporating somatic sensitization in design pedagogy, toward a more holistic approach taking advantage of the sapient capacities of the body as a tool for meaning-articulation. Through the presentation of our case involving a workshop comparing the notions of tactile sensing and felt-sensing, we discuss our strategies for including a somatic learning process in design education, particularly in the context of design evaluation and creativity. We discuss some of the challenges we have experienced in facilitating and developing somatic sensibilities for practices of discernment in the evaluation of the qualities of designed interactive technologies.

An empirical study of mobile-device use at Norwegian oil and gas processing plants

Mobile devices have been used for at least 5 years in the oil and gas industry. The interaction-design challenge is to develop a holistic view of operator–device interaction in hazardous areas to ensure that this mobile technology best serves the goals of both its end users and the oil and gas organizations. Introducing mobile devices can change the environment, the workers and even the industry’s objectives. In this paper, we provided insights into work practices and mobile-device use at two Norwegian natural-gas processing plants. Using methods inspired by ethnographic and interaction-design research, we investigated how operators used their mobile equipment in the field, and we explored the extent to which mobile-device use improved procedures and satisfied users’ needs. In contrast to many other studies on mobile-device use, this study drew upon empirical observations of real operations in hazardous environments.

Designing an mHealth application to bridge health disparities in Latina breast cancer survivors: a community-supported design approach

ABSTRACTLatina breast cancer patients in the USA report significantly worse cancer-related symptom burden and health-related quality of life than non-Hispanic whites. However, health literacy (e.g. knowledge about cancer, coping skills and communication) has been found to improve quality of life. In this paper, we present a case study of the methodology used to design Mi Guía (My Guide), a mobile application that aims to improve symptom burden and health-related quality of life among Hispanic women who have completed active treatment for breast cancer by increasing their health literacy. We developed a community-supported approach to building the application, which involved: (1) eliciting feedback from community leaders such as support group organizers and facilitators who are bilingual in Spanish and English, prioritize patients’ preferences and best interests and have a unique knowledge of the women and their needs; (2) conducting a formal evaluation of design principles based on previous interaction design research and user responses; (3) incorporating feedback from potential future users. In this paper, we discuss our methodology, and the challenges and benefits of this approach. We believe that future studies that aim to develop mobile technologies for underserved populations may benefit from a community-supported approach to design.

Domestic Reflections, Electric Reflections: Design Interventions Foregrounding Energy Mundanity in the Home

For many years, Human-Computer Interaction and interaction design researchers have been exploring the potential for interactive technologies to encourage sustainable living practices. This paper examines existing literature concerning domestic energy feedback, interlacing past examples of domestic interventions into the discussion. It synthesises recent design research conducted around domestic energy-use and provides a discussion into household circumstances, everyday activities, and the use and role of design. The themes presented are threefold. First, the individual is contrasted to the household collective and in turn calls for the scope and scale of design interventions to be geared towards connection between household members. The second theme questions the everyday, and proposes new avenues of thought when designing for the mundanity of everyday life. Finally, I propose that a design approach which counteracts an affirmative design approach, such as critical design, is an appropriate fit when critiquing and evaluating the mundane, everyday aspects of domestic life.