Intensification Of Free Radical Oxidation Research Articles

Molecular and biochemical aspects of the neuroprotective effect of the selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen in a model of acute cerebral ischemia

We studied the neurochemical aspects of the neuroprotective action of a selective modulator of the estrogen receptors, tamoxifen citrate, in a model of acute cerebral ischemia (ACI). It was shown that modeling of cerebral ischemia is followed by pathobiochemical changes in the brain tissue: a rapid shift of thioldisulfide homeostasis, intensification of free radical oxidation, and impaired synthesis of the cytoprotective protein Hsp70. A course of the 1 mg/kg tamoxifen citrate led to the normalization of the thiol-disulfide system due to an increase of the glutathione level in the brain tissue which, in turn, restricted the development of oxidative and nitrosative stress. In addition, Western blot analysis showed that treatment with tamoxifen citrate increased the Hsp70 level in the brain tissue, which resulted from genomic and non-genomic actions. The neuroprotective profile of tamoxifen citrate that we found here opens the future perspective of the studies in this field for introduction of this agent as a neuroprotective drug into clinical practice.

Вплив іонів важких металів на ростові та фізіолого-біохімічні реакції піщаних і водних культур моху Drepanocladus aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst.

The influence of ions of heavy metals on regeneration ability of shoots, intensity of the chlorophyll luminescence, on the content of TBA-reactive substances and superoxide dismutase activity has been investigated in sand and water cultures of the moss D. aduncus . It has been shown that the tolerance for heavy metals action depended on growth conditions cultures, kind and concentration of heavy metals, however. The concentration of the metals being increased, the intensification of freeradical oxidation and weakening of adaptive ability took place. Кeywords: moss Drepanocladus aduncus , regeneration ability of shoots, tole­ran­ce index, intensity of the chlorophyll luminescence, TBA-reactive substances, superoxide dismutase activity, lead, cadmium.

The antioxidant status of patients with thyrotoxicosis during combined therapy with epifamin

The aim of this study was to investigate intensity of free radical processes and catalase activity in serum of patients with thyrotoxicosis during traditional therapy and combined therapy with epifamin. Patients (n = 25) were subdivided into two groups: the first group of patients (n = 12) received traditional therapy (antithyroid drugs, β-adrenoblockers, and the second group of patients (n = 13) received additionally epifamin (1 tablet of 10 mg 3 times a day, 10–15 minutes before meal for 7 days). The thyrotoxic patients were characterized by intensification of free radical oxidation evaluated in blood serum by biochemiluminescence parameters. During the combined therapy with epifamin there was less expressed intensity of free-radical processes and the increase in total antioxidant activity of the body, which was not observed during traditional therapy. The standard therapy of thyrotoxicosis by thyrostatics and β-adrenoblockers decreased catalase activity and thus exhibited a negative effect on the antioxidant status of the body. On the contrary, combined therapy with epifamin increased catalase activity and this could positively influence the antioxidant protection of the body.

The antioxidant status at patients with a thyreotoxicosis syndrome at the combined therapy with epifamin

The work purpose was research of degree of free-radical processes intensity and catalase activity in blood serum of patients with a thyreotoxicosis syndrome at traditional treatment and the combined therapy with epifamin. Patients (n=25) have been divided into 2 groups: the first group of patients - 12 persons who are on traditional treatment (antithyreoid drugs, β-adrenoblockers); the second group - 13 persons, are padding to basic therapy received epifamin on 1 tablet (10 mg) 3 times a day 10-15 minutes prior to meal within 7 days. Patients with thyreotoxicosis syndrome had an intensification of free-radical oxidation that was traced at measurement of biochemiluminescence parameters in blood serum. At the combined therapy with epifamin less expressed intensity of free-radical processes, and also increasing of the general antioxidant activity of an organism that did not descend at traditional treatment was observed. At carrying out of standard therapy of thyreotoxicosis syndrome, including application of antithyreoid drugs and β-adrenoblockers, catalase activity decreased, that unfavorable affected antioxidant potential of an organism. At the combined therapy with epifamin level of catalase activity, on the contrary, increased, that could influence positively on antioxidant protection of an organism.

Free radical oxidation and catalytic activity of aconitate hydratase in rat liver under normal conditions and during toxic hepatitis.

We observed intensification of free radical oxidation, decrease in activity, and changes in catalytic properties of aconitate hydratase in the liver of rats with toxic hepatitis. The total yield and maximum flash intensity of biochemiluminescence increased by 2.2 and 1.7 times, respectively. Differences were revealed in the regulation of aconitate hydratase activity with Fe(2+), Ca(2+), H(2)O(2), and oxidized and reduced glutathione in the liver of rats with toxic hepatitis and control animals.

Effects of endothelin-1 on DNA synthesis and NADPH diaphorase activity in epithelial and smooth muscle cells of the tracheobronchial system in newborn albino rats after repeated treatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester.

Newborn rats received intraperitoneal injections of endothelin-1 in a daily dose of 5 x 10(-8)mol/kg 30 min after administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (9.3 x 10(-5)mol/kg intraperitoneally) from the 2nd to 6th day of life. NADPH diaphorase activity in epithelial and smooth muscle cells of the tracheobronchial system increased 24 h after the last treatment. In this period DNA synthesis underwent opposite changes, which included the inhibition of epithelial cell proliferation and stimulation of smooth muscle cell division. Intensification of free radical oxidation in the lung tissue was accompanied by inactivation of the antioxidant system.

Intensification of free radical oxidation of low-density lipoproteins in the plasma of patients with ischemic heart disease receiving beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor cerivastatin and inhibition of low-density lipoprotein peroxidation with antioxidant probucol.

Inhibitors of the key enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (statins) decrease cholesterol content in atherogenic low-density lipoproteins in patients with coronary heart disease and hypercholesterolemia, but inhibited biosynthesis of ubiquinone Q10 protecting low-density lipoproteins from free radical oxidation. Cerivastatin in a daily dose of 0.4 mg markedly increased the content of lipid peroxides in low-density lipoproteins. However, complex therapy with cerivastatin and antioxidant probucol (250 mg/day) was accompanied by a sharp decrease in the content of lipid peroxides in low-density lipoproteins in patients with coronary heart disease in vivo. These data indicate that antioxidant agents should be used in combination with inhibitors of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (hypolipidemic preparations) for the therapy of patients with coronary heart disease.

Ontogenetic peculiarities of the effect of endothelin-1 on tissue homeostasis of various cell populations in albino rats.

The effects of endothelin-1 on tissue homeostasis in newborn and adult albino rats were studied by(3)H-thymidine autoradiography, staining with AgNO(3), computer-assisted morphometry, and biochemiluminescence. In adult rats the ability of endothelin-1 to activate DNA synthesis in epithelial cells decreased compared to that in newborn animals; inversion of the stimulatory effects of endothelin-1 on the nucleolar apparatus of cardiomyocytes and pronounced intensification of free radical oxidation in the heart were also seen in adult animals. These differences can be related to ontogenetic peculiarities of endothelin-1 reception.

Effect of imbalance in plasma oxidant homeostasis on the choice of stromal differentiation of polypotent bone marrow stem cells in mice receiving estrone injection.

The choice of stromal differentiation by polypotent stem cells was studied by morphological and chemiluminescent methods. The differentiation pathway is selected on day 7 after heterotopic bone marrow transplantation and injection of estrone. The imbalance in plasma oxidant homeostasis in mice on day 7 after estrone injection is associated with drastic intensification of free-radical oxidation and blockade of antioxidant activity.

In vivo intensification of free-radical oxidation of low-density lipoproteins in the plasma of patients with coronary heart disease treated with β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor pravastatin and inhibition of lipid peroxidation with ubiquinone Q10

Pravastatin, an inhibitor of β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the key enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis,in vivo elevated the content of primary and secondary products of free-radical oxidation in low-density lipoproteins in patients with coronary heart disease, while combined treatment with pravastatin and ubiquinone Q10 sharply decreased this parameter. Ubiquinone Q10 prevented pravastatin-induced inhibition of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and lipid peroxidase utilizing reactive oxygen species in the blood. These data indicate that ubiquinone Q10 would be appropriate for use in combination with statins, inhibitors of β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, for the therapy of patients with coronary heart disease.