Intellectual Potential Research Articles

Legal support for the protection of the rights of young scientists in research infrastructures

Problem setting. The article deals with the issues of legal support for the protection of the rights of young scientists in research infrastructures. The relevance of this issue is due to the fact that young scientists are the personnel and intellectual reserve of both science and society as a whole. They are high-level specialists and have high competencies in their fields of expertise, they have the ability not only to perform certain sets of functions well, but, most importantly, they can generate new ideas and offer new, non-standard ways to solve certain problems. That is why the issue of comprehensive support for young scientists and protection of their rights in the course of their scientific and technical activities is becoming increasingly relevant. Analysis of recent researches and publications domestic and foreign researchers, including O. M. Yaroshenko, N. M. Vapnyarchuk, V. P. Kokhan, I.B. Zhilyaev, H. Coates, G. A. Nesvetailov, shows that the problem of providing the research sphere with young personnel is inherent not only in Ukraine but also in foreign countries. Therefore, finding ways to preserve the intellectual potential of the state, to increase the competitiveness of the research sector, in particular, with the help of research infrastructures, is an extremely important task today under martial law. Purpose of the research is to study the state of legal regulation of protection of the rights of young scientists in research infrastructures, to study the problems faced by young scientists in Ukraine, and to determine the forms of support for young scientists as subjects of scientific and scientific and technical activities provided by the State and international organizations and foundations. Article’s main body. It is established that the current legislation distinguishes two categories of young scientists: master's degree holders under the age of 35 and doctoral degree holders under the age of 40. The article analyzes the problems faced by young scientists in the course of scientific and technical activities and the forms of material and social support currently offered by the State to this category of employees. Conclusions and prospects for development. The author concludes that there is a lack of material and social protection for young scientists, and that scientific work does not meet the conditions of decent work (adequate remuneration, adequate social protection, etc.), which forces young scientists to look for additional sources of income or to leave scientific activity in favor of other better-paid jobs. The author notes that the solution to these problems should be to improve legislation in the field of science in terms of establishing the legal status of young scientists, in particular, it is necessary to change the criterion for identifying young scientists from the existing criterion by age to the criterion by stages of development of a scientific career and to raise the standards of material and social status of young scientists, and to implement the provisions already provided for by current legislation on young scientists in the field of social protection.

Providing decent conditions and salary for scientists – the way to the revival of the prestige of science

Problem setting. The article examines the topical issues of national science, as it has never had such an important social, economic and technical significance as at present, in particular, the issue of decent and fair remuneration of the intellectual potential of the country as a factor in the development of science is considered. Since in the conditions of martial law and European integration transformations in Ukraine, work remains the main source of income for the population, and therefore the issue of wages is important. Attention is drawn to the fact that the policy of low wages has been established in the state today, especially in the scientific field, where the payment of labor almost does not fulfill its key function the reproduction of the spent energy of human resources and the motivation of employees for productive work. Purpose of research. The purpose of the article is to investigate the current issues of national science, since it has never had such an important social, economic and technical significance as at present, in particular to consider the issue of decent and fair remuneration of the intellectual potential of the country as a factor in the development of science Analysis of recent research and publications. Separate issues of legal regulation of labor relations of scientists in Ukraine were considered in their scientific works by H. Barabash, V. Kokhan, A. Yushko, O. Yaroshenko, and others. Such scientists as M. Baru, N. Bolotina, V. Burak, Yu. Burnyagina, N. Hetmantseva, K. Dovbysh, V. Zhernakov, T. Kolyada, O. Protsevskyi, Ya. Simutina and others Article’s main body. In today’s conditions, the preservation and development of Ukraine’s intellectual potential should be one of the main directions of state policy. One of the conditions for overcoming the country’s technological backwardness is a developed knowledge generation system based on effective national education and powerful scientific research and development. Therefore, in order to make an innovative breakthrough, Ukraine must justify and implement the concept of educational and scientific priority, which means that the processes of creating and distributing the products of science and education as key drivers of the balanced development of society, economy, and man must receive exclusive state protection. Conclusions and prospects for the development. It was concluded that the priority direction of scientific policy should be the development, adoption and implementation of decisions aimed at preserving and developing the intellectual potential of personnel, ensuring its vital activity, establishing order and procedures that determine the most effective use of human resources. The goal of the modernization of science in Ukraine should be the creation of a model of the scientific process in which the best domestic and foreign traditions would be optimally combined. Important importance in this process, in particular, the creation of dignified, proper, safe and healthy working conditions for scientific workers, the appropriate material and technical base, participation in international projects, and most importantly ensuring fair, decent remuneration. Since the policy of low wages in the scientific field leads to scientists looking for work in other types of economic activity with a higher level of remuneration, as well as migration abroad. It was established that decent remuneration for the work of the scientific potential of the state should have the following features: the salary level meets world standards; fair wages; salary corresponds to the quantity and quality of work; wages are paid on time.

Small and medium-sized enterprise – the driving force of the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Ukraine

Problem setting. Today, Industry 4.0 is a strategic direction of state economic policy in many countries of the world. In particular, the European Commission’s initiative «Digitization of European Industry». is currently being implemented in the EU. Ukraine is also actively moving towards Industry 4.0. What economic entities are the driving force of the country’s development in this direction? Given that small and medium-sized enterprises have serious advantages compared to large businesses Purpose of research. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and legislation on informatization and digitalization, state support of small and medium-sized business entities in the world and Ukraine, to justify the leading role of small and medium-sized business entities in the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Ukraine. Analysis of recent researchers and publications. Peculiarities of the legal regime of small and medium-sized enterprises, state support (aid) to these business entities were studied by many domestic and foreign scientists. Only recently, the monographs of the authors of the Research Institute of Legal Support of Innovative Development of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Korytina D.S. were devoted to this issue. Legal regulation of economic activity of small and medium-sized enterprises, dissertation Feofanova I. M. Admissibility of state aid: economic and legal aspect. The concept, problems of implementation, individual legal aspects of the implementation of «Industry 4.0» are devoted to the monograph of the authors of the Research Institute of Legal Support of Innovative Development of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences was not investigated. Аrticle’s main body. One of the main resources for restoring the country’s economy after the full-scale aggression of the Russian Federation is people, their intellectual potential. As a result of the war, serious demographic changes took place in Ukraine and, as a result, enterprises faced the problem of a lack of labor resources, in particular, qualified managers. This affects the efficiency of enterprises. The article substantiates the conclusion that an important factor in ensuring the effectiveness of the management of the current activities of enterprises in the conditions of a lack of qualified personnel is the introduction of Industry 4.0 in Ukraine, i.e. comprehensive digitalization and automation of production processes and management in the real sector of the economy. The leading role in accelerating the country’s movement in this direction is played by small and medium-sized enterprises. After all, they have serious advantages compared to large businesses, in particular, high mobility, flexibility of the production structure, simple organizational and management relationships, maintenance of free competition, adaptability to changing market conditions, susceptibility to the implementation of innovative technologies, etc. The conclusion is substantiated that in order to increase the efficiency of small and medium-sized business entities, priority support for their innovative activities should be included in the main directions of the state’s economic policy. Also, a transparent mechanism for the distribution of international financial aid and wide and open access of small and mediumsized business entities to existing recovery programs, grant and donor programs should be ensured Conclusions and prospects for the development For the effective operation of small and medium-sized enterprises, which are the driving force behind the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Ukraine, priority support for their innovative activities should be included in the main directions of the state’s economic policy. It is also necessary to ensure a transparent mechanism for the distribution of international financial aid and wide and open access of small and mediumsized business entities to existing recovery programs, grant and donor programs.

HUMAN CAPITAL AND INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL: FEATURES AND TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN

This article is devoted to the study of human capital, its relationship with intellectual potential. The main factor influencing the formation and accumulation of human capital is education and science. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of education, science and intellectual potential in the formation and reproduction of human capital. The article identifies the distinguishing characteristics of human capital from other types of capital, provides justification of its priority role in the economy of Kazakhstan. Varieties of investments in human capital are described. The article shows the degree of influence of education on successful realisation of professional activity of the person, gives characteristics of sources of formation of human capital, and also describes influence of education and science on process of development of human capital. The research results and conclusion provide recommendations. Their implementation will contribute to the improvement of the system of education and science, increase the quality side and efficiency, which will ultimately lead to the discovery of intellectual potential and the development of human capital as one of the competitive factors of the national economy.

Indicators of the labor potential quality of the Russian regions population

The study of indicators of the labor potential quality of the population in Russian regions is part of a larger interregional research on the human potential quality. Labor potential is only one of the components of human potential, therefore, the purpose is to identify the most representative qualitative characteristics of labor potential. On this basis, the problems of constructing appropriate indicators can be solved. The intellectual component or intellectual potential is selected among the components of labor potential as the most representative. The characteristics and indicators of this potential are given a theoretical and methodological substantiation. The article argues that the main characteristic of the intellectual component of labor potential is qualification of employees reflecting complexity of their work, and the complementary characteristic is the level of professional education coordinated with qualification. Since the qualification structure of the employed population is heterogeneous, three ranked categories are proposed: skilled, highly skilled and superskilled workers. The basic information is taken from a number of information sources published by Rosstat. When calculating the indicators, the number of these categories of employees was correlated with the number of either the labor force or the employed population. For preliminary interregional analysis, five regions with the highest and lowest values of indicators were selected. Correctness of the indicators for skilled and highly skilled workers was checked using indicators of employment in the informal sector and unemployment. The indicator for superskilled workers was excluded from the verification due to insufficient information. Despite all limitations, the analysis made it possible to clarify the construction of indicator for the category of skilled workers and outline some approaches to further factorial research on the intellectual potential of the population.

Управління професійним становленням майбутнього менеджера на початковому етапі університетської освіти

The article analyzes the structure of the process of professional formation of future manag-ers, identifies the components of the characteristics of a future specialist that ensure effective man-agement of professional formation. The concept of professional formation of the individual, which is considered by scientists as the formation of professional orientation, competence, socially signifi-cant and professionally important qualities and their integration, readiness for constant personal and professional growth, is defined. The main directions of professionalization are singled out: pro-fessional training, professional self-determination, self-affirmation and self-improvement, develop-ment of intellectual potential in the field of professional activity, spiritual, aesthetic and moral de-velopment. The initial stage of university education should provide future managers with basic theo-retical knowledge about the analysis of management phenomena, develop the skills and abilities in-herent in this process, thinking and a creative approach to business, and ensure the formation of a professional worldview. The content of the academic discipline "University education and academic writing" is characterized as an important component of the management process of professional de-velopment of future managers. The content modules of the discipline "Content of professional train-ing in higher education", "Academic writing as a type of academic (scientific) communication" were analyzed. They ensure in the first years of studying at the university that students form a system of knowledge about the specifics of a manager's professional activity, typical tasks of his activity, de-velopment of skills in planning a system of activities aimed at supporting academic integrity, which is the basis of the functioning of any educational institution. Based on the analysis of literary sources, the criteria for a student's professional development have been determined: awareness of the goals of professional activity, the desire to know one's business, to master all professional func-tions; assimilation of basic knowledge, requirements of the profession for a specialist, awareness of one's capabilities; readiness for the practical realization of the set professional goals, the search for one's own individual style, optimization of the process of business communication, free performance of professional activities, professional improvement, mastery and creativity.

Economic aspects of innovative strategy of enterprise development in the conditions of macroeconomic instability

Methods. When conducting the study of the economic aspects of the innovative strategy of the enterprise development in conditions of macroeconomic instability, the method of scientific abstraction is used – in determining the theoretical and methodological approaches regarding the essence of the innovative type of development of production and economic systems; system approach - when using a methodical approach to the components of the innovative development management mechanism at the micro- and meso-levels. Results. The algorithm for the implementation of an innovative strategy for the development of production and economic systems at the micro- and macro-levels is defined, it is proposed to use V.E. Deming’s theory of quality improvement within the framework of the assessment of qualitative changes in development based on the innovative strategy and, based on a systemic approach, to conduct an assessment using a comprehensive indicator of innovative development; taking into account the concept of management to coordinate all phases of the mechanism of innovative development using the principles of the rule of five logistics. Novelty. The methodical approach to the assessment of the innovative development of production and economic systems at the micro- and macro-levels in the conditions of macroeconomic instability is proposed, the essence of which is reduced to the study of the algorithm for the implementation of an innovative strategy using V. E. Deming’s theory of quality improvement, which involves planning, implementation, verification and adjustment of plans; using a systematic approach to the study of the innovative model of the development of production and economic systems, it is proposed to take into account the logistic approach using quality indicators: demand, timeliness, satisfaction, deadlines, preservation, environmental friendliness, complexity, etc., and to calculate the assessment of innovative development based on a comprehensive indicator of quality improvement; within the framework of the concept of management, which includes four phases: planning, execution, control and adjustment, it is possible to coordinate all components of the mechanism of innovative development of the enterprise with the help of a whole complex of scientifically based principles. Practical value. Based on the results of the scientific research, the author proposes economic guidelines for managing the intellectual potential of an innovative enterprise, which will help to resolve the existing contradictions in the implementation of production and economic activities and will contribute to the development of innovative areas of work.

Teaching schoolchildren in programming within the subject "Informatics": problems and possible solutions

In modern conditions, the constantly expanding use of information technologies, the urgent need for high-level IT specialists, which determine both the development of the country's industrial and intellectual potential, as well as its security, and sometimes the very existence of Russia as an independent state, update the problems of teaching programming at school, including the introduction of an independent subject "Programming" into the school curriculum. The study shows that the framework of the school subject "Informatics" is becoming too narrow for the formation of basic training and professional orientation of schoolchildren in the field of algorithmization and programming; there is an urgent need for schoolchildren to study programming as a separate discipline. But the question arises of choosing a programming language to study in a school course. A comparison of the programming languages that are most common in teaching school informatics today, in particular Python and Pascal, allows us to determine their advantages and disadvantages when studying at school as the first programming language and to conclude that preference should be given to the Pascal language, since Python does not allow students to sufficiently develop confident competencies in the field of programming and knowledge of the fundamental elements of programming.

STRATEGY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTITY OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY BASED ON THE EFFECTIVE USE OF RESOURCE AND MANAGEMENT POTENTIAL

The directions of the strategy of sustainable development of the subject of economic activity based on the effective use of resource and management potential have been studied. It is substantiated that the strategic concept of sustainable development of the development of the subject of economic activity is implemented in practice with the help of an effective selection of goals and means of their achievement, a set of rules of conduct in the markets of production factors, partners and ways of optimizing resource consumption, as well as the selection of a competitive advantage in the country and on world market. The basic principles of forming a strategy for the sustainable development of an economic entity based on the effective use of resource and management potential are proposed. The proposed conceptual basis of the resource and management potential of the development of the business entity, which creates certain prerequisites for achieving the appropriate level and set of costs associated with the implementation of the business entity's goals and objectives. The application of the market and resource approach in the formation of the strategy of sustainable development of the subject of economic activity is proposed. The conceptual basis of the model of the process of strategic analysis and planning of the activity of the subject of economic activity in the conditions of global challenges has been developed. It is proven that the integration of resource and market approaches allows to improve the analysis of the actual strategic position of the entity of economic activity and ensures decision-making regarding excess capacity based on a broader information base. An effective tool for ensuring the sustainable development of a business entity is a systematic methodology for analyzing its resource and management potential, which allows to ensure its compliance with the strategic goals of the business entity and the methods of their achievement. In the conditions of global challenges, the resource-market approach to a greater extent ensures the compliance of the economic entity with the parameters of the market environment. The assessment of the state of the economic potential of most business entities visualized that the main threats to the opportunities of business entities are the physical and moral aging of non-current assets, insufficient investment in fixed capital; deterioration of the financial condition of economic entities; destruction of economic relations and military aggression. The strategic direction of sustainable development of the country should be considered the scientific and technical rearmament of industry based on the restoration of the production potential of enterprises using, first of all, domestic innovative technologies. The main principles of functioning and post-war development of economic potential are: preservation and development of high scientific and technical potential; expansion of investment potential, primarily through the use of internal sources; structural changes in the national economy; development of intellectual potential and digitization of economic processes.

Финансово-правовое обеспечение аналитических центров социальной информации в России и США

The practice of implementation expert and scientific knowledge in the process of making political decisions has been formed for centuries and now it is well known as a social and political institution – think tanks. The capacity of think tanks can be analyzed from different aspects. In this article the author refers to the institutional structure of think tanks and analyzes the financial and legislative support of these organizations in Russia and the United States. The analysis revealed that think tanks have a long historical record in both countries and their activities are supported by a sufficiently broad legal framework. Russian think tanks with their history stemming from the Soviet Union possess immense intellectual potential but being funded by the government they are largely controlled by the authorities in management. American NGOs are never managed by the funding authority even though they receive a significant portion of their funding from the federal budget. A significant advantage of American legislation is the possibility of obtaining tax incentives for non-profit organizations. It is assumed that such a legal provision could stimulate Russian businesses and private donors to finance research projects. Think tanks tightly integrated in public policy require particular attention in terms of their legal regulation. On one hand, the law should grant freedom to think tanks’ research. On the other hand, think tanks need reliable legal regulation aimed at reducing risks to the national security of the country they operate in and work for.

Анализ результатов оценки интеллектуального потенциала региона как фактора социально-экономического развития Краснодарского края

In modern economic conditions characterized by increased knowledge intensity and knowledge intensity of innovative industries, the issues of identifying patterns and features of the influence of the intellectual potential of the region on the level of socio-economic development of individual regions and the state as a whole are relevant. In the process of comparative analysis of the values of the indices of the intellectual potential of the Krasnodar Territory and the Russian Federation for the period from 2020 to 2022. The following trend opportunities were identified: equality of opportunities in the field of education with index values of 0,71≈0,72; superior opportunities in the scientific field in the Krasnodar Territory with index values of 0,50<0,60; superior opportunities in the field of innovative production in the Russian Federation with index values of 0,63>0,59. The result of the structural analysis of the results of the corresponding assessment for the period from 2018 to 2022 was the identification of the same result for the Krasnodar Territory and the Russian Federation: high values – 20%; average values – 80%. As a result of the analysis of the corresponding comparative dynamics, a pattern was revealed: an increase in the index of the intellectual potential of the region by 0,01 leads to an increase in the gross regional product by 2,5% and gross domestic product by 1,75%.

Cognitive abnormalities in Becker muscular dystrophy: a mysterious link between dystrophin deficiency and executive functions

BackgroundDistrophinopathies are a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders due to mutations in the DMD gene. Different isoforms of dystrophin are also expressed in the cerebral cortex and Purkinje cells. Despite cognitive abnormalities in Duchenne muscular dystrophy subjects that have been described in the literature, little is known about a comprehensive cognitive profile in Becker muscular dystrophy patients.AimThe aim of this study was to assess cognitive functioning in Becker muscular dystrophy patients by using an extensive neuropsychological battery. Our hypothesis is that the most impaired functions are the highly intentional and conscious ones, such as working memory functions, which require a prolonged state of cellular activation.MethodsWe performed an extensive neuropsychological assessment on 28 Becker muscular dystrophy patients from 18 to 65 years old. As control subjects, we selected 20 patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, whose clinical picture was similar except for cognitive integrity. The evaluation, although extended to all areas, was focused on prefrontal control skills, with a distinction between inhibitory processes of selective attention and activating processes of working memory.Results and conclusionsSignificant underperformances were found exclusively in the Dual Task and PASAT tests, to demonstrate a selective impairment of working memory that, while not causing intellectual disability, reduces the intellectual potential of patients with Becker muscular dystrophy.

Key factors of using Crowd-technologies in the activities of Ukrainian local self-government bodies

The purpose of the article is to provide a conceptual justification of the fac-tors, conditions, and limitations regarding the implementation of crowd technolo-gies in the activities of local self-government bodies. It has been established that crowd technologies in local self-government are social technologies that involve the engagement of «informal public» in the govern-ance process through a public offer made by local self-government bodies. These technologies utilize the intellectual potential of online communities to address so-cially significant issues without entering into an employment contract. It is defined that crowd technologies in local self-government are also specif-ic public-private management technologies that introduce civil relations into bu-reaucratic practices. In this regard, it is important to distinguish various types of these technologies, including crowd-sourcing, crowd-funding, crowd-recruiting, crowd-creation, and so on. The utilization of these and other types of crowd tech-nologies in local self-government allows for addressing important tasks for territo-rial communities, such as involving the population in decision-making processes, mobilizing citizen funds for voluntary development of crowd projects through in-formation technologies, searching for talented professionals within the community, and facilitating the creation of new crowd projects by the «informal public». It has been proven that the implementation of crowd technologies as mani-festations of public-private management requires a set of necessary conditions for their integration into the practices of local self-government. These conditions in-clude: Regulatory and legal support for crowd technological activities. Generalization of experience (positive or negative) with crowd tech-nologies. Accurate identification of crowd technology objects. Institutionalization of a public actor interested in crowd technologies. Formation of civic competencies among the population as individual qualities socialized under the influence of civil society. Ensuring informational accessibility of decision-making practices by local self-government bodies and administrative services provided by them, as well as by communal institutions and enterprises. Demonstration of loyalty by local authorities towards organizing work according to the crowd technology model and the willingness of their leaders and officials to collaborate with the public. Development of integrated software products for local self-government bodies based on the principles of open-source software. It is argued that the structure of crowd potential in a territorial community is formed by two main components: the capacity and readiness of the population and local self-government bodies to participate in crowd technologies. Capacity in-cludes awareness of the organization of governance and knowledge of crowd tech-nologies, which is reflected in the societal and governmental understanding of the possibilities for implementing crowd projects at the community level. Readiness consists of the interest in voluntary participation in addressing social issues, the societal values of the population and local self-government bodies, and their moti-vational reasons for participating in crowd projects.

SƏNAYE MÜƏSSİSƏLƏRİNİN İDARƏ EDİLMƏSİNDƏ İNNOVASİYA VƏ İNNOVATİV TEXNOLOGİYALARIN ROLU

SƏNAYE MÜƏSSİSƏLƏRİNİN İDARƏ EDİLMƏSİNDƏ İNNOVASİYA VƏ İNNOVATİV TEXNOLOGİYALARIN ROLU

The Function of Fables for Early Children’s Character Education

The formation of children’s character can be applied to several learning media, such as through literary works which can functionally be used as educational and entertainment media. The aim is to shape the child’s personality and direct the child’s intellectual potential. One of the works of children’s literature is a fable that tells about animals that personify human character. In this article the author uses qualitative research methods, data collection is carried out by looking for several secondary data sources. The results of this research show that an estimated 80 percent of character education has not been touched by early childhood. Starting from children’s education, young children need to receive character education since the child reaches an early age. The urgency of education for early childhood can be seen from several characteristics. To stimulate character formation in early childhood, appropriate media is needed, one of which is fables. This is because children will more easily absorb the character learning process through entertaining illustrations. In character education for early childhood, fables can function as a mechanical approach strategy. In this approach, every young child must be given a good view of moral and ethical values through story stimulation contained in the fable.

Japan 2040: Dialectics of Transhumanism and Society of the Future

Analysis of the essence, content and forms of the scenario state of Japan in 2040, reflected in the 11th Scientific and Technical Forecast of NISTEP in 2019, revealed a number of conceptual dialectical contradictions. They narrow down to the question of admissibility and expediency of changing a man’s nature in order to ensure his prosperous, safe, meaningful and happy existence. The author proposes for discussion a conclusion on inevitability of the transhumanization of a mankind on the scale of a single country (Japan) and the whole world, given the nature of the great challenges facing it. The possibility of keeping the historical development in a conditionally humanistic direction is noted, given the emphasis of social reforms in Japan, reflected in the 6th Basic Plan for scientific, technical and innovative development of the country, on building a society for the fullest realization and use of human intellectual potential.

Japan 2040: Dialectics of Transhumanism and Society of the Future

Analysis of the essence, content and forms of the scenario state of Japan in 2040, reflected in the 11th Scientific and Technical Forecast of NISTEP in 2019, revealed a number of conceptual dialectical contradictions. They narrow down to the question of admissibility and expediency of changing a man’s nature in order to ensure his prosperous, safe, meaningful and happy existence. The author proposes for discussion a conclusion on inevitability of the transhumanization of a mankind on the scale of a single country (Japan) and the whole world, given the nature of the great challenges facing it. The possibility of keeping the historical development in a conditionally humanistic direction is noted, given the emphasis of social reforms in Japan, reflected in the 6th Basic Plan for scientific, technical and innovative development of the country, on building a society for the fullest realization and use of human intellectual potential.

Developmental Trajectory of Depressive Symptoms from Early Childhood through High School in Children and Adolescents with a High Intellectual Potential.

We aimed to explore the developmental trajectory of depressive symptoms in a national sample of French children with a high intellectual potential (HIP) seeking help from gifted organizations. Participants were drawn from a national retrospective survey sent to 1200 families with HIP children (IQ ≥ 130) from primary to high school and they answered a self-report questionnaire of a depression scale (MDI-C). The children's parents completed a self-report questionnaire collected on different stages of the child's school level, perinatality, psychomotor development, health, family's history, behavior, interpersonal relationships and daily activities, school performance, presence of learning disorders and remediation. Four hundred and twenty HIP children were eligible with an IQ ≥ 130 aged from 8 to 17 years-old, 49% with depressive symptoms and 51% with no depressive symptoms. Analysis of 136 variables from anamnestic fields based on the use of Spearman's ρ test (ρ) with a non-parametric correlations showed that "learning disabilities" are significantly related to depressive symptoms in different groups (primary p = 0.001, middle p = 0.02, high school p = 0.001) as well as "difficulties in psychomotor skills" during primary (p = 0.003) and middle school (p = 0.02). Good relationships with family as well as with peers are significantly negatively correlated with depressive symptoms from childhood to primary (p = 0.003) and high school (p = 0.02). Certain details of correlations between the MDI-C scale's subfactors and anamnestic variables were analyzed. The ANOVA test about the MDI-C scale showed provocation as a significant marker at middle school (F (1, 418) = 3.487, p = 0.03) and low self-esteem at high school (F (1, 418) = 3.337, p = 0.03). A holistic developmental approach allowed us to highlight the risk factors of depression with a developmental trajectory origin linked to disorders of social adjustment and psychomotor skills and to the importance of misdiagnosed learning disabilities because of giftedness. Our findings support the interest in an early identification of and intervention in depression risk to improve clinical decision making on the effect of giftedness on mental health outcomes.

KNOWLEDGE AS A SOURCE OF ENTERPRISE INTELLECTUALISATION

The purpose. The aim of scientific research is to deepen the methodological foundation regarding the essence of knowledge as a source of the enterprise intellectualization and the innovative enterprise intellectual potential effective use ensuring priority. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study consists of: knowledge-based economy theories; entrepreneurship, institutionalism; microeconomic theory of knowledge management; knowledge transformation theories, obtaining new knowledge; of self-learning organization concept. General scientific and formal-logical methods of comparison, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, as well as historical, genetic, linguistic, hermeneutic and heuristic research methods are used. Results. The article is devoted to the justification of the theoretical and methodological principles regarding the essence, place and role of knowledge as the enterprise intellectualization source and the priority of ensuring the innovative enterprises intellectual potential effective use in order to develop their competitive advantages in the knowledge-based economy paradigm. The main stages that change the role of knowledge in society are characterized. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the enterprise can face active competition only if the intellectual component of its resource portfolio is improved. In this context, the information revolution caused new requirements for economic knowledge, and not so much for their volume, but for quality, that reflects the imperatives of progressive, highly moral management. Accordingly, the “center of gravity” of the modern reproduction process objectively shifts from the sphere of market economic transactions to the knowledge reproduction economic space of a high moral and creative level. Modern approaches to understanding information and knowledge are considered, and their comprehensive characteristics are given. The relationship between the categories “data”, “information” and “knowledge” is studied. A new essence understanding of categories “knowledge” and “enterprise intellectualization” is proposed. The knowledge types in the context of epistemological approach are singled out. Scientific novelty. The methodological knowledge essence basis is developed in the work. A classification of knowledge is proposed for better explicit and hidden knowledge management effectiveness differentiation and increasing in the context of innovative development is proposed. Practical significance of the obtained results. The author's developments and recommendations can be used for the purpose of managing the enterprise intellectual potential in order to increase the economic added value due to the generation of organizational knowledge.

Innovative development as a factor of the post-war economy of Ukraine

The war in Ukraine, caused by the full-scale invasion of Russia, has an impact on the country’s innovation environment, which is due to a decrease in the level of investments, an increase in business risks, a reduction in domestic demand for products, a decrease in the number of innovative projects, and the availability of their financing. The purpose of this article is to confirm that the innovative development of Ukraine’s economy is a key direction of economic policy and a tool for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine’s economy. The study of the current state of innovative activity in Ukraine and the comparison of the actual state of innovative development of Ukraine with other countries of the world was carried out using methods of scientific and statistical analysis. The latter made it possible to come to the following research results: to state a significant lag in innovative activity in Ukraine. According to the authors, this is related to existing problems, the main ones of which are: weak development of high-tech enterprises and industries; significant physical and moral deterioration of the production potential of most industrial enterprises of Ukraine; insufficient financing of the innovative sector of the economy, structural imbalance and low technological complexity, raw material export orientation and low competitiveness, etc.The authors of the article are sure that the restoration of the economy of Ukraine, ensuring competitiveness and economic growth largely depends on the use of innovative factors, the development of education and science. It is noted that the foundations of the state’s innovative policy in the post-war period must be formed today, creating conditions for the development of intellectual potential, increasing labor productivity, modernization of technologies, and structural restructuring of the economy.The results of this study can be applied when approving the plan for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine and its direction towards a radical change in the structure of the economy, the transition from an agrarian-raw type to an industrial-innovative one based on the creation of a modern high-tech, digitised industry in the context of the spread of Industry 4.0 in the world. As a conclusion, the authors suggest that in the process of forming innovation policy, special attention should be paid to structural reforms, effective and transparent use of foreign aid, and strengthening of cooperation between manufacturers and scientific institutions.
 JEL classіfіcatіon: Е61, О16, О31, О38, Н56, Н11, Н52