Intellectual Components Research Articles

Российские инвестиции: интеллектуальная недостающая

<span>На примере статьи Б. Л. Лавровского, Е. А. Горюшкиной, Е. А. Шильцина «Инвестиционный ресурс экономического роста: не только количество» критически рассматриваются взгляды современных российских экономистов, ставящих под сомнение необходимость наращивания инвестиционных ресурсов и считающих возможным экономическое развитие России за счет повышения интеллектуальной составляющей и инновационного развития. Приводится сравнение российской нормы накопления и среднемирового значения по международным ценам, результаты которого говорят о необходимости роста инвестиций в российскую экономику, как минимум, в два раза. На примере ведущих экономик мира показано, что в долгосрочной перспективе темпы роста капитала опережают темпы роста ВВП, а предельная капиталоемкость имеет тенденцию к повышению, что свидетельствует о непреходящей и повышающей роли капитала как фактора развития экономики. Влияние научно-технического прогресса и инноваций на инвестиционный процесс анализируется с позиции теории созидательного разрушения Й. Шумпетера, согласно которой прогресс, воплощаемый в инновациях, создает спрос на новые товары и требует новой материальный базы для их производства и, соответственно, инвестиций. При этом традиционные товары лишаются спроса, а существующие активы по их производству оказываются невостребованными. Показано, что с позиции теории созидательного разрушения считать инновации фактором, ограничивающим потребность в инвестициях, нет никаких оснований.</span>

DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL ECONOMY: SOME APPROACHES FOR POLICY ELABORATING

This research is devoted to revealing the theoretical and practical foundations of the intellectual economy formation in the conditions of post-industrial society transformation. Using the historical method of analysis, the authors has made the comparative assessment of the main approaches to explaining the content, factors and features of the intellectual economy development. It has been proved that the main driving force of economic development in the intellectual economy is knowledge, which simultaneously acts as both a resource and a product, and for that product specific demand at all levels of the economic system has been formed. In our view, the intellectual economy is a type of economic system that, being based on the intellectual capital of society in the conditions of development of modern information technologies and systems, uses, transforms, creates and disseminates information and knowledge in order to ensure the growth of social welfare, international competitiveness of countries and extended knowledge and innovation cycle formation. That is, knowledge is at the heart of the development of the economic system, and, at the same time, is the final product of this system in each cycle of reproduction of the socio-ecological-economic system. The determining direction of the transformations in the intellectual economy is predominantly the creation and consumption of knowledge as a different type of intellectual property, including its materialized form with a high intellectual component. The fact that knowledge and information are not only used as an inexhaustible cognitive resource for the development of production, but also turn into the main types of consumption associated with personal development, as a means of renewing and building up this resource, is the key to the endless progress of the intellectual economy. The special features and principles of development of intellectual economy have been explained in the paper. These features and principles have been suggested to use as criteria for the construction of national programs for the intellectual economy formation, as well as for these programs success estimation. The recommendations for overcoming the barriers to building Ukrainian intellectual economy have been elaborated.

CHILD’S READINESS FOR SCHOOL AS PRIORITY SUBJECT DETERMINANT

The article deals with the issue of a child’s readiness for school as an important personal determinant and a holistic system of child’s individual characteristics. The child’s readiness for school has been considered in the research holistically. It involves the development of motivational and cognitive activity, the level of formation of communication mechanisms, analytic-synthetic and volitional activities. Complex characteristics of physiological, mental, motivational and intellectual components of the preschooler’s readiness for school have been taken into account. The objective of the article consists in analyzing the child’s readiness for organized schooling as an important subjective determinant and justification of the cause-and-effect relationship between preschooler readiness for school and family education. Certain criteria for the six-year-old children’s psychophysiological readiness for school in the process of conducting a comprehensive study have been considered. They are as follows: the health group (first or second); the level of physical and motor development in relation to age and sex norms; sensorimotor properties and skills; intellectual development, social maturity. In order to diagnose the child’s readiness for school the following methods have been used in the research: an experimental conversation to identify a preschooler’s internal position (by T. Nezhnova); school readiness assessment (by Kern’s-Yerasek test); the technique of “Graphic Dictation” (by D. Elkonin); the test “Preservation of Quantity” (by J. Piaget); Philippine test etc. Based on the study of parents' involvement in the process of preparing children for school, the conditionality of the child's level of readiness is substantiated by the system of factors, certain conditions of the family in which she was brought up.The study proves that the child’s successful transition from pre-school to school is possible on condition that the child has developed appropriate physical, social and mental skills ensuring his/her readiness for school. The integrity of the process of the child’s preparation for school and the development of the above mentioned components are the key to the child’s further progress and socialization at school.

Trends and Peculiarities of Educational Migration in Modern Russia

Introduction. The modern educational space are transformed under the influence of many factors in the conditions of approaching V techno-economic paradigm. The determining factors are technological breakthroughs that qualitatively change not only educational practices, but also the nature of the educational space. The globalization of the educational services market, the growing economic inequality and the inequality of opportunities in different regions force large numbers of people to migrate in search of optimal educational conditions. In turn, the educational migration is increasingly turning into an economic mechanism for generating profit and it is becoming a kind of indicator of the regional educational systems' competitiveness. The study of these processes is relevant today. The authors analyze the current trends and peculiarities of education migration in Russia. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the work is the interdisciplinary approach. The range of attitudes has already been set forth within the framework of sociocultural and activity approaches (N. Yu. Harari, J. Knight), the economic layer of considering problems related to theory migration processes (E. G. Ravenstein, E. Lee, M. Piore, I. Wallerstein and others), studies of Russian economists, political scientists and sociologists (A. N. Dzhurinsky, I. V. Ivakhnyuk, etc.). Results and discussion . The history of the national academic capital formation shows that today internationalization is a leading trend in its development along with the economic, technological and intellectual components. This means that educational migration as part of the internationalization process is becoming an indicator of the regional educational systems' competitiveness. The general trend can be traced quite clearly: the higher quality of the educational services is provided and the ecosystem of the educational space is more comfortable, then the vector of migration is more relevant to this region. This tendency has just begun to be studied in Russia. But it is quite obvious today that the regional Russian educational space is clearly «skewed», and the state educational policy carried out is not always contributing to its leveling. Conclusion. There is a necessity for the realization of the positive potential of educational migration and the overcoming of its negative consequences: multivariate analysis of the processes of educational migration, not only at the level of individual universities and regions, but on all-Russian scale; the formation of such an education ecosystem in the regions, which would reduce the gap between the «Centre and the regions» and as well as between «universities leaders» and «universities of more lightweight category».

Gendered and diversified? Leadership in global hospitality and tourism academia

Purpose This paper aims to represent a unique and original piece of research on full professors in global hospitality and tourism academia. Aimed at revisiting academic leadership, this study identifies its components and gains insight into the so far understudied dimensions of diversity in academic contexts worldwide. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the careers of senior researchers (R3 and R4, according to European Commission) in hospitality and tourism, with special attention given to diversity. Based on quantitative methodology and a standardised online search, it uses individual-level data to give insights into dimensions of academic leadership. Full professors from the UK, the USA, German-speaking countries (Germany, Austria and Switzerland) and the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, New Zealand, China, Malaysia, Singapore and South Korea) build the sample. Findings Academic leadership in hospitality and tourism academia is not yet fully tied to cooperation with industry, as predicted by the “Triple Helix” model. Currently, the majority of the intellectual component constitutes academic leadership, outweighing administrative and innovative angles. Gender, age and ethnic diversity are underrepresented. While some regions can be considered sealed to ethnic diversity, others are more open and attract international scholars. Originality/value Rooted in interdisciplinary explanations, this study is the first of its kind to consider various diversity dimensions of academic leadership from a global perspective. It not only enriches the notion of academic leadership but also provides several practical implications and suggestions for further research.

PROBLEMS OF REALIZATION OF THE INTELLECTUAL COMPONENT OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

The realization of the intellectual component is an important task in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the development of technology. The country's place on the global economic map is not least determined by the availability of resources and efficiency of their use, it can determine both the competitiveness of the economy and its opportunities in the future. Under the conditions of a market economy and the transition to a new technological system, the role of certain factors that in the previous technological systems ensured the competitiveness of the economy changes. Those that can ensure the singular development of the economy and its nonlinear progress come to the fore. First of all, it is knowledge-forming and knowledge-producing factors that can ensure innovative development and, especially, the development of fundamentally innovative products or innovative breakthroughs. This involves the intensification of investment activities in innovation, the use of broad financial and administrative tools, as well as the development of innovations in management systems and the formation of creative and innovative components of economic activity. All this, in turn, involves the formation of a holistic strategy for the development of the innovation ecosystem, which has a high efficiency of implementation given the practice of developed countries and countries that have formed their competitiveness on the basis of intelligence. The combination of such factors should facilitate the entry into the market of new competitive goods and services, which in the age of digitalization and networking will form new advantages of using existing opportunities.

Интеллектуальное социальное предпринимательство: перспективы формирования экосистемы

The development of social entrepreneurship is associated in general with the intellectualization of social activity and in particular with the growth of entrepreneurship as a characteristic of social active life position. The article substantiates the possibility of identifying intellectual social entrepreneurship as one of the directions of its development. The term "intellectual social entrepreneurship" is constructed on the principle of transportability – comparability with intellectual entrepreneurship. Social intelligence and social entrepreneurship have a heuristic meaning for describing the intellectual component of social entrepreneurship. There is a change in the interpretation of social entrepreneurship in modern concepts that are highlighted as key points: the creative abilities of social entrepreneurs, the connection of human capital and social entrepreneurship, the mutual influence of the institutional environment and social entrepreneurship. As a theoretical and methodological basis for studying the intellectual component of social entrepreneurship, the following theories are proposed theories of Spencer G. (actor activity as a result of evolution); Simmel G. (intellectualization as a result of activity through contemplation); Weber М. (consciousness of rational-purposeful action); Mead G (the presence of the actor the subject-object qualities); Schumpeter J. (intellectual content of labor as the basis of entrepreneurial activity); Bourdieu P. (the influence of symbolic capital on the reproducing of economic practices); Becker G. (investments in human capital); Zaslavskaya T. (achieving the goal through your own initiative); Etzkowitz H. and Leydesdorff L. (the triple helix model of innovation). An overview of empirical studies of social entrepreneurship is made. Two directions of intellectual entrepreneurship research are identified and described. They are the warsaw school that puts the focus on the entrepreneur doing business (Kwiatkowski C and Panzhinskiy T); the texas school that focuses on a scientist, an academic figure, believing entrepreneurship to be not a business, but rather an attitude towards mastering the world, a process of cultural innovation (Cherwitz R, Beckman G; Hartelius E; Sullivan S). E. Testi's concept of the social entrepreneurship ecosystem is reviewed. The article describes the trends of state, public and private support for social entrepreneurship in modern Russia. It is noted that social entrepreneurship has the potential for development in the presence of infrastructure support that contributes to the formation of an ecosystem. It is concluded that social intellectual entrepreneurship is aimed at creating and distributing intellectual goods that have social novelty and value. Further study of the intellectual component of social entrepreneurship is associated with the development of its infrastructure development, analysis of effective tools for building social entrepreneurship ecosystems abroad and assessment of the possibilities of their application in Russia.

ІННОВАЦІЙНА КУЛЬТУРА МАЙБУТНЬОГО КЕРІВНИКА ЗАКЛАДУ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ: ЧИННИКИ РОЗВИТКУ

The article offers the classification and analysis of the factors for the formation of innovative culture of the future manager of the general secondary educational institution. A set of relevant factors is presented at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels of the innovative culture formation on the basis of systematic and comparative analysis of scientific literature. The first level includes the action of global, state-political, economic and scientific-technological, axiological and socio-cultural factors. It is emphasized that their importance is pointed out by the ability to determine the overall trajectory of world innovative development in general, and the state in particular, to outline the perspective directions of evolution of the innovative society. It is revealed that the innovatively ordered and innovatively directed system of the professional education and management training, quality management of educational innovations, availability of the system of quality assurance of education and postgraduate pedagogical education and self-education of management personnel are the factors, that belong to the meso-level. It is proved that the micro-level accumulates a systematic interaction of numerous factors at the local level (educational institution, manager’s personality, self-development), that are equally effective. Innovative culture at the educational institution level is formed due to its national and foreign policy, organizational and management activity, resource support, psychological climate, as well as personal qualities of the subjects of innovative activity. The opinion that among the key factors for the formation of innovative culture of the future manager, the pivotal one is the training system, that has an innovation-oriented vector of development. The main factor in the development of innovation culture is the professional training of innovators. Therefore, the development of the innovative culture of the future head of the educational establishment depends directly on the scientific-theoretical substantiation and practical implementation of the model of training of the innovator-manager. In our opinion, such training should focus on the development of innovative culture in several stages: motivational-cognitive, professional-practical, creative-activity and professionally relevant. The main task of this training is to develop a new type of modern leader with a high level of innovative culture and a significant proportion of the intellectual component in the human capital of the individual. It is stated that the main factor in the development of innovative culture is the professional training of the future manager of the general secondary educational institution, which depends directly on the scientific-theoretical substantiation and practical implementation of the innovator-manager’s model of training. We believe that this training should focus on the development of the innovative culture of the future manager of the general secondary educational institution in several stages: motivational-cognitive, vocational-practical, creative-activity and vocationally relevant. Key words: innovative culture, innovations, general secondary educational institution, future manager of the general secondary educational institution, factors of development, macro-, meso- and micro-levels of innovative culture development.

Governing economic processes using artificial intelligence: conceptual foundation

Introduction. The article describes the main digital economy development directions on the way of improving business processes management by using modern information technologies. The digital economy is evolving at an incredible rate due to its ability to collect, use and analyze vast amounts of information. A common approach to digital management of the economy is based on the informational resources and their organization. Opportunity to combine external and internal economic information sources, the direction of information flows and modern methods of economic management arises because of local and general management goals and objectives. The purpose of the paper is to develop the management decision-making concept in the context of a dynamically changing environment. This concept should significantly reduce the role of personalized management components and enhance the role of the intellectual component - artificial intelligence. Results. As a result, the digital economy management concept is established, which works at all management levels, and is based on the development of intellectual information processing solutions – artificial intelligence for management and accounting personnel. Opportunities are analyzed for digitalization of the process of establishing the new model of managing the enterprise economical processes, and their practical use along with modern informational trends – artificial intelligence. As long as economical processes of Ukrainian business transform, a mature enterprise management approach should develop, which involves fulfilling six important points in order to fully rebuild the organizational structure. Conclusion. It’s proven that the mature business management approach should be built up while transforming economic enterprise processes. Using artificial intelligence is the key factor in making prudent management decisions and leads to decision transparency and customer trust.

(За) Облачная реальность

(За) Облачная реальность

Интеллектуальная составляющая экономической безопасности предприятия

The intellectual component of economic security of the enterprise in close interrelation with a personnel component is investigated. External and internal threats to economic security of the enterprise on intellectual and 
 personnel component are detailed. It is concluded that the problem of economic security of the enterprise on the intellectual component, in modern conditions, will be solved by implementing a number of measures to counter 
 external and internal threats in the intellectual sphere of the enterprise.

Кадрово-інтелектуальна складова економічної безпеки аграрного сектору: сутність і значення

The economic security of the agricultural sector is related to the economic security of the state and the economic security of individual enterprises operating in this sector of the economy. The important component of economic security of agricultural sector is personnel and intellectual security, which should be ensured through the preservation and development of the intellectual potential of the enterprise and the effective work of the staff. The aim of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of personnel and intellectual component of economic security of the agricultural sector. The following methods were used in the study: dialectical method of cognition of economic phenomena, abstract and logical, analysis and synthesis, generalization. The article uses the results of expert assessment, which was conducted in accordance with the Methodology of expert assessment of the impact of individual factors on the economic security of agricultural enterprises, which has been developed by the author. The obtained results show that among the internal threats to economic security, threats related to the personnel and intellectual component (nonprofessional management of the enterprise; low level of qualification of employees; low level of employee motivation; outflow of skilled workers) occupy a prominent place. Theoretical bases of forming the mechanism of regulation of personnel and intellectual safety of the enterprise are offered. Counteraction to the threats of the personnel and intellectual component of economic security should be based on the following measures: raising the professional level of management of agricultural enterprises; provision of qualified personnel; stimulating the staff to self-development; conducting an effective youth policy with the aim of attracting young professionals in the agricultural sector; forming a sense of a unified team in employees; creation of an effective system of social support for employees; introduction of an effective and transparent system of motivation and incentives for employees, based on clear criteria for evaluating the activities of employees. Further perspectives for research in this direction should be the formation of the strategy for economic security of the agricultural sector of Ukraine, which is based on the study devoted to the management of the mechanism of regulating personnel, intellectual and other components of economic security.

Educational and methodological support for development of emotional intelligence of future teachers of musical art in professional training process

The article presents the author’s understanding of the concept of “emotional intelligence of a music art teacher” as an integral, personal and professional quality of a future specialist. It contains determination of the content and structure of emotional intelligence of a music art teacher, the peculiarities of its manifestation due to the specifics of professional activity. The content of educational and methodical support for the formation of emotional intelligence of future bachelors and masters of music art in the process of professional training has been revealed. It includes normative and selective professional disciplines; various types of pedagogical practice (educational, psychological and pedagogical, summer pedagogical practice in health camps, teacher training practice in general secondary education institutions, assistant practice in higher education institutions); different types of research work; selective course "Theory and Methods of Emotional Intelligence Development". It is noted that the curricula of all normative and selective disciplines, different types of pedagogical practice as well as the topics of research work of students are enriched with emotional and intellectual component. The developed content of educational and methodological support is implemented in various organisational forms and methods of development of future teachers’ emotional intelligence, which were classified into three groups: general didactic, special, conditioned by the peculiar nature of music and specific, related to the phenomenon of emotional intelligence.

Конструирование модели женской элегантности на основе идей Магги Руфф

The relevance of the article is due to the fact that the attention of a modern personality is focused on the formation of the image. It helps not only to present it favorably, but at the same time to develop your own individual style. Among the significant components of style is elegance, which contributes to the uniqueness of the personality and its memorization in the environment. In this regard, the aim of the study was an attempt to construct a model of elegance, the analysis of which is built using the phenomenological and systemic approaches. A fairly complete phenomenological description of elegance in the first half of the twentieth century was carried out by the French fashion designer Maggi Ruff. The appeal to the systems approach of R. Barthes helped to create a theoretical construction of elegance, which became the novelty of the undertaken research. The elegance model is based on image (formal aspect) and fashion code (content aspect). In turn, the image of elegance is procedural: it includes the idea of an elegant image-design, realized in the image-embodiment, and the visibility of the latter contributes to the formation of the image-perception both by the person himself and by the people around him. The image of elegance corresponds to the aesthetic standards of the cultural and historical era, and its understanding is made possible thanks to the stories-descriptions using the fashion code. It includes semantic units with a rather abstract character and their metaphorical description (rhetoric). Among the semantic units of elegance, one can distinguish beauty, femininity, taste, life experience and improvisation, which manifest themselves already at the level of an image-concept, as well as chic, quality, well-groomed, additional details (accessories, aroma), clearly presented in the image-embodiment. The above affects the image-perception and its description. Today, there are certain transformations in the understanding of elegance. The intellectual component, harmony and taste gradually begin to disappear in it, and simulations and semantic units unacceptable for elegance (ugliness, absurdity, grotesque, lack of quality, simulative chic, lies) come to the fore. In modern times, knowledge of the features of the elegance model helps not only in building your own image, but also in diagnosing celebrity.

COORDINATION OF INTELLECTUAL AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY WITH PRIORITIES OF ACHIEVEMENT OF ECOLOGICALLY BALANCED DEVELOPMENT

The paper examines the processes of harmonization of intellectual and innovative activities with the priorities of achieving ecologically balanced development. It is found that there is an intellectual convergence of regional development in Ukraine and the growth of innovation output in initially less intellectualized regions is faster, than in initially more intellectualized regions (in our case, regions with higher values of innovation output, thousand UAH). Increasing the rate of output of innovative products in the initially inactive regions is a factor in equalizing regional development and increasing the stability of the entire economic system. It is noted that intellectual convergence is a factor that will help balance both the economic component of regional development and environmental. Intellectual convergence and increasing the level of intellectualization of production and consumption is the basis for further environmentally sustainable development of the national economy as a whole. The paper notes that with regard to human capital, for long-term sustainable development it is necessary to ensure its alignment in the educational and intellectual component. All economic agents must have universally recognized human moral qualities and demonstrate environmental awareness in the processes of production and consumption. The article notes that the increase in the rate of output of innovative products in the initially inactive regions is a factor in equalizing regional development and increasing the stability of the entire economic system. However, one should not overestimate the success of the national economic system in this type of economic activity, as hostilities in eastern Ukraine have undermined the innovative potential of Ukraine's industrial regions. It is here that more research will be needed in the future to see whether the less innovative regions initially managed to cover the losses on the production of innovative products that were lost by the country's industrial regions.

Organizational learning in consciousness-based education schools: a multiple-case study

PurposeAn innovative technology called consciousness-based education (CBE) is being introduced in schools worldwide. The approach includes both an experiential and an intellectual component. However, research studies exploring learning in CBE are rare. The purpose of the paper is to explore how organizational learning takes place in schools, which adopt CBE in addition to their ordinary curriculum. Moreover, the ambition of the approach regarding quality is examined.Methodology/approachA multiple-case study has been carried out. Four schools using CBE have been studied: a private school in Fairfield, Iowa, USA; a governmentally funded free school in Skelmersdale, United Kingdom; an independent school in Melbourne, Australia, and a primary school in Lelystad, the Netherlands. In total, 26 in-depth interviews have been performed, mainly with teachers and students but also with principals and experts in the CBE pedagogy. In addition, three focus-group interviews with primary school pupils were conducted and observation during classes was included. The data were analyzed by the constant comparative technique from the grounded theory approach.FindingsCategories characterizing organizational learning in the CBE schools have been identified. These findings are related to theories of the learning organization, resulting in a framework depicting different components of learning.Research limitation/implicationThe study provides a framework illustrating organizational learning in schools that utilize CBE which affords an overview of the technology and can serve as a vantage point for further research. Since this is a qualitative case study, the effectiveness of the CBE approach and its impact on learning outcomes were not assessed, and the possibilities to generalize the findings are limited.Originality/valueCBE has not previously been studied from an organizational learning perspective.

Independent work as pedagogical condition for development of intellectual and creative abilities of future music teachers

The article analyses the independent work of future music teachers in higher educational institutions of art as a pedagogical condition for the development of intellectual and creative abilities. The concept of “independent work” is considered in the works of modern and domestic researchers. The role of independent work is defined as an integral system and forming factor of the educational environment of higher art institutions. The tasks are highlighted and the classification of types of independent work of future music teachers is considered. The phenomenon of independence, which is an integral attribute, the inner essence of independent work and acts as a sign of its intellectual component, is analysed. On the other hand, independence is seen as the highest step in the formation of personal competence. The future music teacher makes the significant both intellectual and creative efforts and thus reaches a certain level of intellectual and creative abilities by mastering professional training, carrying out professional and creative selection of the repertoire, methods of its processing, based on their preferences, intentions, and motivations. The author investigates the most important component of education — a self-education, the ability which is exclusively formed through the self-educational activities. The self-educational activity of the future music teacher is considered as an effective means of professional self-improvement and self-development of personality, which also provides the significant professional qualities and abilities such as both intellectual and creative, the development of which determines the level of professional self-development. It is proven that professional self-realization is the highest level of manifestation of professional training of future music teachers, in the process of which are carried out the intensive development of both intellectual and creative abilities.

ОЦЕНКА ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ ПРОЕКТНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫХ КОМПАНИЙ ПО КЛЮЧЕВЫМ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО КАПИТАЛА КАК ОБЪЕКТА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

The aim of the study was to make regional comparisons based on the selected indicators of intellectual capital in high-tech project-oriented companies in Russia. To achieve this goal, three clusters of regions of the Russian Federation were developed using the k-average method for intellectual capital components in high-tech project-oriented companies, obtained as a result of implementing a factor analysis of three groups of indicators: human capital, information and reputation capital, and capital of intellectual labor achievements. The subjects with the highest and lowest levels of intellectual capital in high-tech project-oriented companies as an object of management are identified. The highest level of intellectual capital in high-tech project-oriented companies was registered in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tomsk Region, Khabarovsk Territory, and the Republic of Tatarstan. In these subjects, the highest values are noted for most of the selected indicators. The worst situation in terms of the level of intellectual capital in high-tech project-oriented companies was in the companies of the Republics of Dagestan, Karachay-Cherkess, Tyva and Chechen. The methods of correlation analysis, multidimensional classification, and data visualization were used as statistical tools in the research process. MS Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics application packages were used for statistical data processing.

DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE PROJECTS IN TRADE

Introduction. The innovative vector of trade development as a perspective direction of its modernization in the conditions of strengthening of digitalization processes and growth of scale of crisis phenomena is investigated. The concept of "innovation project management" as a promising area of project management is clarified, which allows to generate intellectual added value based on the strengthening of innovation and intellectualization of commercial processes. The growth of the influence of intellectual capital in ensuring the intelligence capacity of innovative projects in trade is proved. The state and dynamics of development of retail trade of Ukraine are analyzed. The tendencies of formation of intellectual property in the part of the submitted applications for certificates for marks for goods and services in Ukraine are estimated. Intellectual reserves have been established to improve the management of innovative projects and revive trade. The subject of the study is the development of intellectual capital and management of innovative projects in trade. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of developing intellectual capital in order to improve the management of innovative projects in trade. Method (methodology). In the research a set of general scientific and special methods was used to substantiate the provisions given in the article, in particular: historical-logical - in the study of innovations in trade and development of intellectual capital to improve the management of innovative projects; analysis and synthesis - to assess the state of development of retail trade in Ukraine; comparison and grouping - to systematize the indicators used in the evaluation of intellectual capital in trade; correlation-regression analysis - to predict changes in trade in Ukraine's retail trade and intellectual property; graphic method - for visual presentation of the results of analytical research; abstract-logical - for theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions. Results. Bottlenecks have been identified in increasing the intelligence intensity of innovative projects in trade. Forecast models of changes in the number of submitted applications for certificates for marks for goods and services in Ukraine have been built; dynamics of the volume of trade turnover in retail trade of Ukraine, the share of the volume of trade turnover of food (non-food) goods in the total volume of trade turnover in retail trade of Ukraine. The expediency of strengthening the intellectual component of innovative projects to increase their efficiency, the use of innovative forms of trade organization and its revival in modern conditions is substantiated. Scope of results. The development of intellectual capital in terms of intensifying the process of obtaining certificates for certificates for marks for goods and services, will update the management of innovative projects, increase their intelligence and competitiveness, which will positively affect the recovery of trade.

The intellectual capital as the important factor of ensuring competitiveness of the enterprises of mechanical engineering industry of Ukraine at the present stage of development of innovative economy

In modern conditions, competitiveness is manifested in the effective use by economic entities of their financial and intellectual capital through the growth of technological and managerial components in the development of innovation processes. Since financial resources, from the point of view of the enterprise economy, cannot be considered as a stable source of its competitive advantages, the attention is focused on the intellectual component of the enterprise’s competitiveness. The purpose of the study is to determine the essence of intellectual capital and its importance for ensuring the competitiveness of the Ukraine’s machine-building industry enterprises at the present stage of the country’s innovative economy development in terms of transferring to the knowledge economy. Intellectual capital should include special abilities of the personnel, based on knowledge, skills and experience, as well as provide particularly valuable information for the enterprise, which is the basis of significant competitive advantages in domestic and foreign markets in an innovative economy. The thesis that information, knowledge, experience, intangible assets acquire new significance, which in their interaction and development originate a new category of “intellectual capital”, is substantiated. The authors’ definition of the “intellectual capital” category is formulated taking into account the study of this concept from the standpoint of the definitions of capital interpretation. Intellectual capital is an intellectual resource (knowledge, experience, skills) which, if used effectively, turns into added value and ensures the competitiveness of the enterprise.