Intellectual Capabilities Research Articles

‘Your story matters’: the affective and relational work of teachers in sites of poverty and trauma

AbstractWhile teachers work is increasingly constrained by a focus on quantifiable measures and accountability, the persistent underachievement of students from disadvantaged backgrounds is an ongoing and unsolved problem. There is increasing expectation for schools to take responsibility for the social-emotional as well as intellectual capabilities of students. However there has been little exploration into the complexities of teaching in low socio-economic and vulnerable communities. In this paper, I explore the experiences, thoughts and perceptions of teachers who work with complex student cohorts in disadvantaged settings. My interest extends to the affective and relational dimensions of their work. Drawing from two research projects conducted in areas marked by poverty, the paper utilises segments of interviews to illustrate the deeply embodied and sensory and aspects of teachers’ relational practice. In presenting their perspectives and experiences I tell the story of their complex work as well as what ‘comes to matter’ in schools and classrooms where trauma and adversity are ever-present.

Émilie Du Châtelet’s Newton

Abstract This paper discusses the first French translator of Isaac Newton’s Principia Mathematica, Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749). It shows how her reputation suffered because as a woman her intellectual capabilities and her attainment in mathematics were not taken seriously and she was overshadowed by Voltaire, although he was no match for her expertise in mathematics. However, her extensive correspondence shows that in her lifetime she had an active intellectual life and was well-connected with the leading savants of her day. The letters shed light on the development of her interest in Newton – and indeed on the reception of Newton in eighteenth-century France. The paper concludes with an account of her Newton translation and the circumstances of its posthumous publication in 1759.

Older Adult Education in the Context of Psychological Theories of Ageing

In gerontology, the essence of ageing is traditionally equated with decline and degradation, it is considered a purposeful process of loss of the body's adaptive capacity. Psychologists, in particular representatives of behaviorism, deny this position, instead they consider ageing to be an integral part of the general process of human development. Theories of ageing have progressed from focusing on individuals’ declines and losses in later phase of their life course to considering ageing as a continuous process of human development. Psychological theories of ageing are crucial to understanding older adults as learners ‒ their needs, abilities, motivation of learning and expectations from educational activity. They help us to develop comprehensive approaches to building an effective educational environment and improving the learning process of that age and social group aiming to adapt that environment to the needs of older adult learners. The article analyzes the main provisions of psychological theories of ageing, which substantiate the importance and even the necessity of involving older adults in educational activities, because firstly, mental activity contributes to the preservation and even development of a person’s intellectual capabilities until old age; secondly, in older people (compared to young people), changes in the ability to learn are insignificant and relate rather to the sphere of perception, attention, motivation, and the physiological state of the body; and thirdly, older people have a growing need for a sense of security, which has a significant impact on their quality of life and is largely realized through communication and learning activities. Based on the main tenets of psychological theories of ageing, in our research we consider older adults as a resource and human capital. We believe that the approach to the problem of ageing and old age from the resource perspective, which is based on the ideas of theories of activity and lifelong personality development, allows us to justify the need for education of older adults and is the basis of educational gerontology.

A capable defiler

Focusing on the pacittiya offenses (minor rules) pertaining to the body of the bhikkhunis (Buddhist nuns) in the vinaya, the monastic law codes, the article argues that the vinaya’s depiction of the bhikkhuni’s ‘body’ reveals two important notions about women in early Buddhism. While the portrayal demonstrates the ‘intellectual’ and ‘soteriological capability’ of bhikkhunis that kept them on a par with the bhikkhus, or monks, it also presents how the female body functioned as the site of regulation, thereby emerging as a bigger ‘defiler’ than the monk’s body. Building on Alan Sponberg’s concepts on attitudes toward women in early Buddhism, the article argues that, on the one hand, the body of the bhikkhunis came to be defined in the vinaya text as upholding the principle of ‘soteriological inclusiveness’ of Buddhism. For example, the bhikkhunis look similar in appearance to the bhikkhus, signifying through their appearance (shaved head) and dress an equal intellectual capability for attaining nibbana, or awakening. On the other hand, the stringent regulations regarding the female body reveal instances of ‘ascetic misogyny’ and ‘institutional androcentrism. ’ I argue that while an attitude of ‘soteriological inclusiveness’ gradually diminished, ‘ascetic misogyny’ grew more prevalent over time. This shift contributed to the historical changes that led to the diminishing status of the bhikkhunis within the monastic order, which culminated in the disappearance of the bhikkhunis’ monastic order from almost all Buddhist schools.

Elderly Golden Age School (EGAS): a strategy to promote health and prosperity elderly in Indonesia

Most elderly citizens face health problems and difficulties although they are economically productive and independent. This study developed a prototype for promoting health and prosperity within the Elderly Golden Age School (EGAS) for ageing populations. EGAS activity is also one of the health counseling activities regarding seven dimensions of robust elderly (spiritual, physical health, emotional health, intellectual capabilities, social activities, vocational activities, and living environment). The quantitative data were collected using a validated questionnaire, which was administered to 60 elderly respondents. Qualitative data were also obtained, using focus group discussions (FGD) and interviews. Chi-square analysis was utilized to analyze the quantitative data while simple descriptive methods were applied for the qualitative data. Results showed there was no statistically significant association between any of the seven dimensions and acceptance of the EGAS, except the environmental. It was constituted by existing support systems, including program management of the region, sub-district, and village. Elderly education, health services, and community empowerment must all be promoted. The local government should objectify the program and activities of the EGAS.

Intellectual Capital Influence on Firm Value: Does Financial Health Performance Have Mediating effect? (Evidence from Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia)

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between Intellectual Capital, Financial Health Performance, and Firm Value. This research analyzed 132 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange over five years (2016–2020), with data sourced from corporate annual and financial reports. Regression analysis tested direct relationships, while path analysis with the Sobel test assessed mediation effects. The findings indicate that both intellectual capital and financial health performance significantly affect firm value directly; however, financial health performance does not show a significant mediation effect between intellectual capital and firm value. The results suggest that market participants consider information related to intellectual capital and financial health performance in their valuations, yet financial health performance does not reflect intellectual capital's capability to generate financial health. This study highlights the importance of intellectual capital and financial health performance for market participants.

Expanding the intellectual capabilities of OLAP technology using neural networks

The article highlights the main characteristics, features and structure of Online Analytical Processing systems based on the same technology that perform online analytical processing of data. This technology allows analysts to explore and navigate a multidimensional indicator structure called an online analytical processing cube (data cube). Indicators (measures) of data cube play an important role in the decision-making process. To solve certain problems, these measures often need to be classified or grouped. Moreover, empty measures are common in data cube. This fact negatively affects strategic decision making. Unfortunately, online analytical processing itself is not well suited for classifying, clustering, and predicting empty measures of data cube in the presence of large data. In this regard, today there is a need to use new technologies to solve such problems. Such technologies include neural networks. The article discusses the problem of integrating online analytical processing and a neural network, showing the possibilities and advantages of such integration. It mentions that in the case of big data, the integration of OLAP and neural networks is very effective in solving problems of classification, clustering and empty measure prediction of data cube. An architectural and technological model for the integration of online analytical processing and neural networks is presented.

The Potential Impact of Yoga Practices on Extraordinary Human Abilities: A Scoping Review

This scoping review aims to scrutinize credible research on yoga and meditation practices, examining claims of extraordinary human abilities, and evaluating the potential for extraordinary outcomes. A scoping review was conducted to investigate the impact of yoga and meditation on extraordinary human abilities. The review, covering 1970-2023, systematically searched for relevant literature, selected 28 studies, and analyzed their content. The findings were categorized into themes such as demographic characteristics, yoga and meditation practices, extraordinary human activities, and key outcomes observed. The study adhered to the PRISMA-ScR checklist recommendations and was conducted using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. This scoping review of 28 articles on yoga and meditation revealed three main themes: the effect on the physical body, the impact on the mind and spirituality, and the manifestation of parapsychological phenomena. The theme of the physical body included sub-themes such as tolerance, molecular changes, performance enhancement, and extended periods of suspended breathing. The theme of the mind and spirituality included sub-themes like increased awareness, improved memory, experiencing timelessness, and unusual experiences. The theme of parapsychological phenomena included sub-themes of levitation and mystical powers. The studies were conducted in India and the USA, covering a wide range of topics. Yoga and meditation are believed to possess extraordinary powers, intellectual capabilities, and mental control. These practices are integral to yogic practice, enhancing extraordinary human abilities, sensory awareness, and mental control. Studies also reveal their effects on molecular biology, brain function, muscle relaxation, cardiac health, glutathione production, oxidative stress management, gene expression, and exercise tolerance.

RESPONS SISWA TERHADAP BUKU LATIHAN AKM STATISTIKA SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN

Technology plays a significant role in advancing education as it facilitates educators in teaching abstract subjects that are difficult to understand, such as mathematics. Mathematics is a key component of human intellectual capability and the revolution of scientific knowledge. In mathematics learning, without engaging teaching media, students tend to disregard the teacher's explanations, become passive, get bored quickly, and merely take notes on the presented material. Therefore, innovative learning media, such as interactive math comics, need to be developed. This study aims to determine students' responses to the use of AKM practice books in mathematics learning. This research is descriptive and focuses on the level of student satisfaction with the learning process using AKM practice books. Students' responses were collected using a Likert scale questionnaire and then analyzed using data categorization techniques. The results of the study indicate that trial results in both small-scale and large-scale classes showed an average rating of very good. Consequently, the AKM practice book is considered practical to use as it received positive feedback from students, being highly useful in the learning process. The AKM practice book, as a mathematics learning medium, significantly aids in the learning process due to its attractive design, easily understandable question texts, clearly explained content, and it makes students feel happy and very interested. Thus, the response of class X8 students at SMA N 1 Sedayu towards the AKM practice book on statistical material is positive and practical for use.

Challenging the status quo: gender norms in Croatian juvenile correctional settings.

Gender norms and issues related to gender are highly relevant when it comes to treatment of juveniles in correctional institutions, especially related to their risky behavior and personal characteristics (such as personality traits, intellectual capability, culture, ethnicity etc.). Furthermore, many juveniles in correctional institutions are exposed to violence and are also perpetrators of violent criminal acts. This paper will give an overview of national policies related to gender-sensitive treatment in Croatia as a background to research aimed to describe the reflection of gender issues and gender norms in practical work with juveniles in Croatian correctional institutions. The research is based on qualitative approach and includes focus groups with youth workers from various organizations who implemented programs for youth in correctional institutions. Preliminary results show that gender and gender norms are not specifically targeted in treatment programs within the institutions. The initiative to implement gender issues mainly comes from organizations from the civil sector through different workshops. Juveniles express relatively rigid gender norms that are supported by rigid organization of correctional institutions especially for males. This research shows the importance of clearer focus to gender-sensitive programing and gender sensitive treatment programs that will strongly be integrated in everyday practice of correctional institutions. The precondition for this is largely connected to deconstructing stereotypes about gender and gender norms both for youth and professionals working with them.

Green perspective on intellectual capital, corporate social responsibility, and competitive advantage: The role of firm performance

Green economy issues can occur both in the external and internal environment of business entities in terms of intellectual capital activities, social responsibility, and competitive advantage. This study aims to examine the relationship between intellectual capital, corporate social responsibility, firm performance, and competitive advantage through the mediating role of firm performance from a green perspective. Data were collected from annual reports accessed through the official Stock Exchange websites in each respective research country. The number of samples used is 60 sample data from pharmaceutical companies in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. Data analysis is carried out using multiple linear regression, path analysis, and Sobel test. This study shows that green intellectual capital, corporate social responsibility, and firm performance have a significant effect on green competitive advantage. Green intellectual capital and green corporate social responsibility have a significant effect on firm performance. Regarding mediating relationships, the results showed green intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility can increase green competitive advantage through firm performance. This shows that a company manager should pay attention to improving intellectual capital capability and corporate social responsibility because they have been proven to improve firm performance and competitive advantage in the context of green economy issues.

The role of digital games in the education of self-control and stress in gifted children

This essay examines the pivotal function that games play in satisfying the distinct needs of exceptionally talented children, thereby calling into doubt the concept of inherent advantage. Digital games, serious games, and role-playing games (RPGs) have been identified as efficacious tools for fostering cognitive, socio-emotional, and intrinsic motivational growth, in addition to enhancing self-control and stress reduction. Numerous studies highlight the diverse and adaptable course requirements of exceptionally talented pupils, who require an environment resembling the "ideal gifted environment." An equilibrium is achieved within this ambiance between self-governance, rational standards, internal control, openness to opposing viewpoints, and intellectual instability. Pedagogical techniques facilitate abbreviated instruction, enhanced comprehension, and customized pathways to accommodate various learning modalities. A balanced approach is necessary to address concerns such as screen time management and potential overreliance on gaming, despite the utility of games. By integrating games into a comprehensive educational framework, it is possible to effectively engage, motivate, and support gifted children, thereby facilitating the realization of their exceptional intellectual, social, and emotional capabilities.

Exploration of vocational high school students experiencing difficulty in cloze test performances: a mixed-methods study in Taiwan

This study addressed a gap in existing research on Multiple-Choice (MC) cloze tests by focusing on the learners’ perspective, specifically examining the difficulties faced by vocational high school students (VHSs). A nationwide sample of 293 VHSs participated, providing both quantitative and qualitative data through a self-developed questionnaire. The results revealed that vocabulary and grammar posed the greatest challenges in the MC cloze test, while sentence patterns were perceived as the least difficult by VHSs. Factors contributing to these difficulties included the need for increased focus on vocabulary and grammar learning. Some participants attributed challenges to personal perceptions of intellectual capability, while others highlighted the influential role of teachers’ attitudes on their learning motivations and outcomes. The study suggested implications for test designs and teaching approaches. Despite these contributions, the study acknowledged limitations and offered suggestions for future research directions.

근대 국가, 국민의 자격, 그리고 정신성(mentality) - 우생학(eugenics)과의 상관관계를 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between the modern nation-state, national qualifications, and mentality in relation to eugenics. This aims to reveal the significance of human science and biomedical measures in national policy and its implementation, thereby providing a theoretical opportunity to critically examine the general perception of the bio-political characteristics of modern states and the correlation between human abilities and spirituality. Accordingly, here, first, we will reveal the correlation between the modern state - modern thought - national qualifications - mental capacity - Galton’s eugenics, and second, within this link, examine biometrics and intelligence test as a methodology for determining national qualifications, that is, human mental capacity. Thirdly, we will look at the problem of the feeble-minded who were its direct victims. This will be an opportunity to critically reflect on the tendency to understand national competitiveness or its efficiency in conjunction with meritocracy based on intellectual capabilities.

Intellectual capital: A key driver of financial performance in the Macedonian banking industry

Research Question: How does intellectual capital, measured by the Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) and its components, influence the financial performance of banks in North Macedonia? Motivation: In the evolving landscape of the banking sector, understanding the impact of intellectual capital on financial performance is crucial. This study builds upon existing research (Appuhami, 2007; Ozkan et al., 2017; Joshi et al., 2013) to explore this relationship in the specific context of North Macedonia. It addresses the research gap by using the VAIC model to quantify intellectual capital and examines its effect on Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Idea: The research employs linear regression models to analyze the effect of intellectual capital, as measured by VAIC and its components, on the financial performance indicators ROA and ROE in Macedonian banks. Data: The study analyzes a decade of data (2012-2021) from ten Macedonian banks, using the VAIC model to measure intellectual capital. Tools: The study utilizes linear regression analyses with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to examine the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance. Findings: The study finds a significant and positive impact of VAIC and its components on both ROA and ROE. These results underscore the importance of intellectual capital in enhancing financial performance in the banking sector. Notably, the study reveals a high average VAIC value among Macedonian banks, indicating their substantial intellectual capability. Contribution: This research adds to the literature by elucidating the relationship between intellectual capital, measured through VAIC, and financial performance in the banking sector of North Macedonia.

How can urban economic complexity promote green economic growth in China? The perspective of green technology innovation and industrial structure upgrading

The essence of China's contemporary green economic transition is to enhance the capacity of the green production system, emphasizing regional technological and intellectual capabilities as the primary force of green economic growth (GEG). Economic complexity can reflect hidden regional production capacity, providing a new analytical tool for exploring GEG. Using a city–year panel dataset from 2000 to 2016, this study incorporates economic complexity and GEG into a unified research framework, adopting a fitness–complexity algorithm to measure Chinese urban economic complexity to empirically examine the influence and mechanisms of economic complexity on GEG. The results show that increased economic complexity promotes GEG by enhancing green technological innovation capacity and facilitating industrial structure upgrading, with one standard deviation increase in economic complexity followed by a 2.1% rise in GTFP. In addition, we emphasize the moderating effect of the government and the public, arguing that increased government environmental attention and public environmental concern reinforce the contribution of economic complexity. Finally, the findings reveal that public policies focusing on improving the economic complexity of low-complexity areas can strike a good balance between fairness and efficiency.

Two types of jurisprudence from a perspective of critical rationalism

Our understanding of legal ideas is most reflected in the ability to categorize them unambiguously. At the same time, modern science faces many difficulties in categorizing legal ideas. Problems associated with categorizing complex authors such as F.C. von Savigny or L.L. Fuller are just one example. In the light of these challenges approaches that go beyond traditional views are becoming increasingly relevant. An example of such an approach is the critical-rationalist perspective on the categorization of legal ideas. This article aims to comprehensively reconstruct this critical-rationalist typology. The key role in achieving this goal is played by the intellectual legacy of Friedrich Hayek as a representative of the epistemology of critical rationalism who managed to adapt it for understanding jurisprudence. As a result of a comprehensive reconstruction of the critical-rationalist typology of legal ideas implicit in Hayek’s works we can conclude that, from the perspective of critical rationalism, all legal ideas can be divided into two categories: “critical” and “Cartesian”. The difference between these two categories lies in how much a given legal idea is based on the belief in the intellectual capabilities of human mind. The belief that human mind can effectively govern legal system of the whole society in a centralized manner generates a Cartesian view of law as a set of consciously created rules of a specific kind. The irreducibility of law to consciously constructed prescriptions due to the human mind’s inability to manage a complex social system will reflect a different, «critical-rationalist» perspective on law. This perspective will include a ban on centralized management of legal system of the whole society, as well as an explanation of such “informational” properties of that system, which exceed the capabilities of any human mind.

Creating an Innovative Ecosystem for the Development of Unmanned Aviation in Ukraine: Synergy Between Science and Industry

Abstract In this paper we advocate for the establishment of an aviation “innovative ecosystem” in Ukraine, particularly regarding the technology of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This ambitious strategy necessitates the introduction of new business models, taking advantage of new opportunities for achieving sustainable development goals in the increasingly resource-limited world. Moreover, this initiative faces a notable challenge: navigating the “double transition” of adopting both green and digital transformations across multiple domains. We believe the solution to creating an innovative ecosystem lies in harnessing the intellectual and infrastructural capabilities of top-tier research institutions – which in Ukraine include the National Aviation University (NAU) and the National Technical University “KPI.” By combining the efforts of Ukrainian higher education institutions and actively enhancing international cooperation, in particular with the Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Aviation in Warsaw – we argue – Ukraine can expedite the development of “factories” of ideas and innovations by supporting the training, incubation and growth of startups, encourage the formation of micro and small high-tech enterprises and bringing their products to global and regional markets, improving the mechanisms of interaction of the startup teams with venture capital funds and investment companies.

Retraction Note: The relationship between open technological innovation, intellectual property rights capabilities, network strategy, and AI technology under the internet of things

Retraction Note: The relationship between open technological innovation, intellectual property rights capabilities, network strategy, and AI technology under the internet of things

An Artificial Intelligence (AI) Research-Doing Approach for Higher Education

The 21st Century has changed, like no other centuries, the human society’s development on unprecedent scale. Is the century of technological advances such Artificial Intelligence (AI) that, is currently hard-pressing the field of research-doing at Higher Education beyond human intellectual capabilities. This can change the future of this educational field. As it is becoming a global education phenomenon. The study aims to present an outlook about the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into academia research. An interdisciplinary approach based on prior trustworthy research-works results has been used to address the research hypotheses and answer their respective questions. A qualitative methodology has been used to accomplish the aim. This research criterium involved a theory triangulation, the reviewing of academic and scientific research works, books, and Internet accredited websites.