Intellectual Activity Research Articles

ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ БЕЗПЕКОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТОРГОВЕЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

COVID-19 and large-scale military operations have given new impetus to the faster transition of commercial enterprises to the e-commerce model. The very process of transformation provokes the emergence of new challenges and risks, with their further implementation into certain threats, which are difficult to counteract due to previously acquired experience. The development of a theoretical basis for the practical implementation of the program of intellectualization of security activities in the conditions of each commercial enterprise becomes relevant. The expected result of such a process should be the strengthening of the mental capacity of the security process participants to generate new knowledge corresponding to the current security situation. In order to find out the content of the process of intellectualization of the security activities of trade enterprises, the following methods were used: induction and deduction, comparison and systematization – in the study of the essential characteristics of the term “intellectualization”; synthesis and analysis – to take into account the specifics of the activity of trading enterprises; morphological analysis – to clarify the target direction of measures in the course of intellectualization of the security activities of a trade enterprise; abstract-logical – for theoretical generalizations and research conclusions. By clarifying the content of intellectualization and taking into account the specifics of the functioning of trade enterprises, the author’s vision of the process of intellectualization of security activities is substantiated. It has been proven that the intellectualization of the security activities of trade enterprises represents the strengthening of the intellectual activity of the participants of the security process due to the implementation of a set of measures that enable the development of mental abilities for the purpose of generating and effectively applying knowledge, as well as the improvement of the technological base, which collectively contributes to the fulfillment of tasks related to maintaining the economic security of the enterprise at the level necessary for the development and realization of economic interests. The differences of the author’s position are as follows: there is a combination of human and technological components, but the emphasis is on the intellectual activity of all participants in the security process (subjects and objects, internal and external); emphasis is placed on the priority formation and application of knowledge that is relevant at a certain moment; the purpose of using such a tool is specified – maintaining the necessary level of economic security of the enterprise.

Депонирование как способ фиксации создания объектов авторских и смежных прав в сети «Интернет»

In the modern world the problem of protecting copyright and related rights on the Internet is caused by the rapid development of digital technologies and the imperfection of legislative regulation on the protection of these rights. The most common violations of intellectual property rights on the Internet are plagiarism and piracy. Such violations are related to the difficulty of their identification by the copyright holder, as well as the difficulty of proving the ownership of copyright and related rights to the results of intellectual activity to a specific person. In the article, the author considers depositing as a modern and relevant way of recording the creation of the results of intellectual activity distributed on the Internet. Currently, many services (special platforms) on the Internet allow depositing objects of copyright and related rights. Most of these services use blockchain technologies, which are distributed registry technologies. In practice, the use of such technologies causes certain difficulties, since there is no legal regulation of these technologies at the legislative level. Records in the blockchain certify the existence of the owner's rights to digital assets. Such records are called tokens and contain information about the copyright holders for the results of intellectual activity. At the legislative level, the deposit of the results of intellectual activity is not mandatory and is not regulated by law. In addition, the deposit does not confirm the authorship of a particular person for an object of copyright or related rights. In order to fix the creation of the results of intellectual activity in the digital environment and protect copyright and related rights, confirm authorship of such results, the author proposes to create a publicly available All-Russian register of intellectual rights as an unified register of intellectual activity results, the maintenance of which can be attributed to the competence of Rospatent.

On a Possibility of Copyright Protection of Objects Generated by Artificial Intelligence Systems

In recent years, many computer programs have appeared that operate on the AI basis, which are designed to generate various types of content and are distributed to a wide range of users. Therefore, more and more AI objects, similar in their characteristics to protected results of intellectual activity, are being distributed on the Internet. The fact that such objects are generated automatically by a computer program does not allow them to be subject to legal protection in accordance with Part 4 of the Russian Civil Code due to the lack of authors. At the same time, significant funds are being invested in the creation of new AI systems, which determines the need to protect the interests of persons involved in the AI creation and use. At the same time, there is no consensus in the scientific literature about the possibility or impossibility of protecting such objects, as well as the principles and contours of their legal protection. In this regard, the author conducted a study in order to formulate the basic principles of legal protection of objects generated by AI systems. To achieve this goal, the author has formulated the following tasks: to summarize existing approaches to solving the issue of legal protection of AI objects, to identify their shortcomings, to determine the presence or absence of elements of human creativity in working with artificial intelligence systems, to determine the optimal regime for the protection of AI objects. The study was conducted using general scientific methods of cognition, as well as methods of literal interpretation of legal norms, a predictive method and a method of legal modeling. The author comes to the conclusion that there are signs of creativity in human activities when working with AI, which makes it possible to recognize users of such systems as the authors of the objects they generate in accordance with the presumption of authorship enshrined in legislation.

A STUDY OF ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Mathematics as a subject has been recognized as one of the central strings of human intellectual activity throughout the centuries. Mathematics offers opportunities for Opening the mind to new lines of creative ideas and challenging thoughts. It plays an important role in today’s competitive environment. Some students score very low in mathematics while other excels in it. Learning and thinking style in mathematics may lead the student to confront and solve any problem that comes their way. Achievement may be defined as a change in the behavior of students in a desired direction. It is an essential constituent in the process of evolution. ‘Achievement’ means one’s learning attainments proficiencies, accomplishments etc. As an achievement test is a formal assessment the test helps teachers to understand the level of comprehension of the students and helps them to estimate the capabilities of the students. The main objective of the present study is to find out the difference between social belongingness and gender in the achievement of mathematics in IX class students. Achievement in mathematics continues to be one of the most important variables held in high esteem, in all cultures, countries, and times. Hence, research related to the mathematics achievement area is an ever-growing concern of researchers, educationists, and administrators.

Bibliometric analysis of the results of intellectual activity (using the example of dissertations in psychiatry)

Bibliometric analysis of the results of intellectual activity (using the example of dissertations in psychiatry)

ОЦЕНИВАНИЕ СОВОКУПНОСТИ ОБОРОТОСПОСОБНЫХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НАУКОЕМКИХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ, СОЗДАННЫХ ПРИ РАЗРАБОТКЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ИННОВАЦИЙ

The article studies the role of intellectual property in the development of innovation economy and notes that modern results of innovation activity, as a rule, are complex high-tech products protected by a large number of protection documents both for the product as a whole and for its individual elements and manufacturing technologies. The author has determined that most scientific works on the evaluation of intangible assets value are devoted to the analysis of methods for assessing the value of individual types of intellectual property, and the existing publications do not include recommendations and description of approaches to the evaluation of the aggregate of transferable results of intellectual activity of knowledge-intensive organizations created during the development of modern innovations, due to their structural complexity. The author has developed and proposed a methodological framework for the valuation of a set of negotiable results of intellectual activity of knowledge-intensive organizations created in the development of modern innovations by the cost, income and comparative approaches in accordance with the requirements of the new federal valuation standards adopted in 2022.

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ФАКТОРОВ ПАТЕНТНОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ

The article defines the factors influencing the results of commercialization related to the peculiarities of the results of intellectual activity protected by patent law and know-how. The objectives and activities of the patent strategy of a small innovative enterprise are revealed. Practical recommendations on the choice of legal protection of intellectual property results are given. The features of the commercialization of exclusive rights to know-how are described.

ПЕРВИЧНАЯ ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ДЕМЕНЦИИ

Every year there is an increase of almost 10 million cases of dementia worldwide. This disease is the seventh leading cause of death in the world and is one of the leading causes of disability in older people. Minimizing the pathological (social and economic) impact of dementia on society is based on improving the primary prevention model. Currently, there is an increase in evidence-based data on the harmful effects of potentially modifiable factors that can induce neurodegenerative diseases. The article contains information about hyperepithelial permeability syndrome, which leads to increased circulation of lipopolysaccharides; it is concluded that “dysbiosis” contributes to the development of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory changes in the central nervous system; the importance of the nutritional factor contributing to the development of the syndrome of increased epithelial permeability and “dysbiosis” is shown. The importance of moderate physical activity and neurocognitive training in the prevention is demonstrated. It is concluded that the primary focus of prevention methods is to eliminate the influence of exogenous factors (reducing/eliminating the impact of pathogenic herbicides and pesticides, stress-induced conditions), modifying nutritional factors (rational and balanced nutrition), but also stimulating the physical and intellectual activity of patients.

Составное произведение как объект интеллектуальной собственности в образовательной сфере

The relevance of the stated topic is due to the ongoing changes and transformations in the field of education, where the key factors are the commercialization and digitalization of education with the simultaneous expansion of subjects authorized to carry out educational activities. This also determines the presence of a large number of such objects of copyright, among which may, for example, be educational programs, advanced training courses, teaching materials, lecture courses, scientific publications, Internet sites, presentations, etc. Under these conditions, a variety of proposals is stated in the field of education, where composite works become the main content as a substantive element. The purpose of the study is to establish the main characteristics of a composite work as an object of intellectual property. The objectives of the study were such areas of work as identifying the characteristics of a composite work, identifying types of a composite work, its elements and content features, as well as analyzing law enforcement practice in considering disputes related to the rights to a composite work or its elements. The study of doctrinal approaches and materials from law enforcement practice revealed the presence of a group of general and special features. In the context of developing trends in informatization and digitalization, the issues of establishing a legal regime in relation to the results of intellectual activity of an educational nature posted on the Internet, especially video courses and websites as types of a composite work, are becoming more relevant.

Исследование особенностей инновационной активности организаций в области рыбоводства и рыболовства в 2003–2022 годах с учетом анализа параметров результатов интеллектуальной деятельности

The article considers four groups of results of intellectual activity of Russia, the USA, the European Union and China in the field of fish farming and fisheries for the period 2003–2022. The first group includes patents found according to the international patent classification for the A01K subclass. The second group is based on high–tech patents selected for the A01K subclass together with the G- physics class. The third group considers the commercialized patents of Russia, selected from the first group. The fourth group includes Russian patents from the first group and dissertations on scientific specialties 05.18.17 «Industrial fisheries», 06.04.01 «Fisheries and aquaculture». The analysis of these four groups is carried out, the features of innovative activity of organizations are identified, and the forecast of its development is made.

БАЗОВІ ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛІЗАЦІЇ БЕЗПЕКОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТОРГОВЕЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

Today, the progress of Ukrainian trade enterprises in the transition to a new model of business organization – electronic trade, which was a consequence of the gradual impact of COVID-19 and military actions on the territory of the country, is clearly visible. Such transformations are accompanied by the emergence of new risks and threats, the experience of countering which is absent, which requires a review of the principles of security activities. Current systems of economic security function on the basis of strict compliance with the developed instructions, which reduces the effectiveness of the actions of security entities in conditions of rapid and difficult to predict changes in the security situation. The question of a creative approach to decision-making in atypical situations is inhibited both by the need to observe the established regime and by the lack of stimulation for the manifestations of creativity in actions. The purpose of the study is to create the necessary theoretical basis for the formation of a methodological basis for the intellectualization of security activities of trade enterprises In order to find out the content of the process of intellectualization of the security activities of trade enterprises, the following methods were used: induction and deduction, comparison and systematization – in the study of the essential characteristics of the terms “intelligence” and “intellectualization”; synthesis and analysis – to take into account the specifics of the activity of trading enterprises; morphological analysis – to clarify the target direction of measures in the course of intellectualization of the security activities of a trade enterprise; abstract-logical – for theoretical generalizations and research conclusions. It has been found that trade enterprises in Ukraine have some experience in implementing intellectualization, but such efforts are not characterized by systematicity, that is, in most cases they are fragmentary and without due attention to changes in security activities. Critical clarification of changes in the interpretation of the terms “intelligence” and “intellectualization” made it possible to consider the intellectualization of the security activities of trade enterprises as an increase in the intellectual activity of participants in the security process due to the implementation of a set of measures that enable the development of mental abilities for the purpose of generating and effectively applying knowledge as well as the improvement of the technological base, which collectively contributes to the fulfillment of tasks related to maintaining the economic security of the enterprise at the level necessary for the development and realization of economic interests.

Формирование цифровой интеллектуальной суперсистемы с элементами искусственного интеллекта, объединяющей физическую, дополненную и виртуальную реальности с людьми-участниками

It is proposed to form a digital intelligent supersystem with the elements of artificial intelligence, combining physical, augmented and virtual reality with human participants for digital operation of human intellectual activity related to work, study, communication and intellectual leisure of networked people communicating within the society segment.

Reimagining Philosophy: The Relevance of “Love of Wisdom” for Senior High School Students at Tanauan City Integrated High School in Contemporary 21st Century

“Philosophy” comes from the Greek words Philo and Sophia meaning “love of wisdom.” Philosophy uses the tools of logic and reason to analyze how humans experience the world(Metcalf, 2020). It is an activity people undertake when they seek to understand fundamental truths about themselves, the world in which they live, and their relationships to the world and each other. Philosophy takes on existential questions (Marschall, 2023). One relevant question for everyone is the meaning of life. Although the meaning of life can be different for different people, it is nonetheless given attention to the subject. In this present time where people have easy access to almost everything and information can easily be falsified by social media, truth must still prevail. This should be emphasized in schools for students. Philosophy is useful in this regard because it utilizes logic and reasoning to develop critical thinkers (Bushman, 2022). As the subject demands profound intellectual activity to arrive at the truth, it might be unappealing to students. But this very method can help students learn to write clearly, read closely with a critical eye, and spot poor reasoning which is a crucial skill in the present times. Accordingly, the result of the research indicated that critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication are 21st-century learning skills that can be applied to inculcate the relevance of Philosophy in contemporary times.

Librarian Representation in the Film Summer Strike 2022

This article discusses the depiction of the film Summer Strike which shows the librarian profession. The aim of the research is to determine the professional competence of librarians and the personal competence of librarians depicted in the film Summer Strike. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research type with Roland Barthes' semiotic study approach by revealing denotative, connotative and mystical levels of meaning. The results of the research illustrate the representation of the professional competence of librarians depicted in the film Summer Strike as librarians who are skilled and expert in caring for libraries and their contents including selection, processing of library materials, preservation, and expertise in the field of technology. The Summer Strike film also explains librarians' knowledge of the contents of papers and librarians can channel their knowledge to readers so that librarians can be said to be intellectual actors. The Summer Strike film shows that librarians are not only experts in the field of library science, but can also research expertise in other fields. The representation of personal competence depicted in the film Summer Strike is the personality of a librarian who is too closed. This does not reflect the basic attitude of librarians in implementing the code of ethics. The librarians in this film also quickly realized and improved their librarian service attitudes so that the image of librarians was positive. The Summer Strike film also depicts librarians' attentive and caring attitude towards library users and materials. Keywords:Librarian, Librarian Competency; Roland Barthes Semiotics, Representation

Theoretical Approaches Before the Adoption of Administrative Decisions in the Area of Public Administration

The article is devoted to the problem of researching theoretical approaches to the process of making managerial decisions in the field of public administration. It is noted that considering the process of making managerial decisions as an object of public management, it is emphasized that the decision-making process is multi-level. Such are the models and concepts on the basis of which decision-making can be explained, and which are multidimensional and interdisciplinary in their content. It is important to emphasize that decision-making is often perceived as a deliberative process that can be both rational and irrational, based on well-stated or only implicit assumptions Most scientific sources present a traditional linear concept of decision making, in other words, a sequence of steps is presented that helps the decision maker to make the best decision. There are many formal decision-making models, but it can be argued that the basis of managerial decision-making theories are the three most important and widely known theories of such decision-making, which emphasize the intellectual activity of decision-makers and the procedural aspect - the theory of rational complexity, the theory of incrementalism and mixed scanning theory. Touching upon the conditions and criteria of the managerial decision-making process in public administration, it is worth noting that there are many theories of decision-making, most of which have a descriptive element, that is, how decisions should be prepared, and normative guidance on how decisions should be made. Each of these approaches offers a framing mechanism and describes fundamental decision-making issues. Thus, the preparation of decisions in public administration is directly related to legislation, as they are limited and influenced by various factors and conditions, therefore absolutely objective decisions do not exist in public administration, there are only less subjective and more subjective decisions . It was concluded that management decision-making is one of the most difficult issues in the process of functioning of public administration, since management decision-making is influenced by many different factors and processes. Most of the models that explain management decision-making are descriptive and aim to emphasize the quality of information processing necessary for management decision-making. No single method of managerial decision-making can be singled out as the best, because different circumstances, different values of those who make managerial decisions, different goals or methods of managerial decision-making, and the situation in an organization or institution are different in each situation. It can be argued that rational or stepwise management decision-making methods are better in some situations, and mixed-scan management decision-making methods or a combination thereof in others.

COGNITIVE AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT OF A CHILD IN THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION

Outside of society, human development stops and rapidly loses cognitive and personal qualities. Adults who have been isolated from society for a long time, not to mention children, become meaningless in their way of life. At this moment, a person may forget his language and lose the ability to speak and his mind.If so, communication directly contributes to preserving human qualities and the person's mental development. Communication occupies an essential place in the development of the cognitive and intellectual activities of the individual. The speech activity of the individual develops in the process of communication, and the ability of the individual to communicate contributes to cognitive–personal development. The object of study of social psychology is the study of the laws of formation and mental development of personality traits of a child, his behavior and actions in various situations, combining people in society according to their proximity in frequent situations (family, kindergarten, study groups, production team).

The transformation of the training of preschool educators in the digital age

Nowadays, the informatization of education, the purpose of which is the use of new information technologies in the global rationalization of intellectual activity, is considered as a mandatory and absolute condition for the creation of a new information society. Therefore, we have singled out the main ways of high-quality professional training of future teachers of preschool education institutions in the modern information society. The professional training of future teachers of preschool education institutions is considered as a multifactorial structure in the modern information society and its tasks and educational components are distinguished. Four stages are distinguished and two methods of integration of professional training of future educators are characterized (horizontal and vertical). The application of the personally oriented, competence-based, integrative, activity approaches discussed in the article will provide, by the requirements of employers, a high level of training of a creative, competitive personality of the future specialist. The main technologies and factors that are effective in the modern information society are highlighted for high-quality professional training of future specialists. The importance of distance education, cloud technologies, and educational blogs is proven and the advantages of using them for the professional training of specialists are shown.

Philosophy at Leisure: How Is Festivity Possible?

The article explores the conditions enabling the celebration within the context of philosophical, enlightening, and educational activities. The authors contemplate the role of leisure in human life, referencing Plato’s view of leisure as a prerequisite for philosophical discussion, Aristotle’s concept of intellectual leisure for the free citizen, Josef Pieper’s understanding of leisure as a means for personal and spiritual development, and Sebastian de Grazia’s perspective on the interconnection between leisure and creativity, culture, individual freedom, and society. It is argued that leisure as an intellectual activity has not become customary in society since Aristotle’s time and, in the modern world, the definition of this concept is confined merely to the realm of entertainment. This limitation necessitates the search for new forms of intellectual leisure that are relevant in the context of contemporary mass culture. The authors analyze the philosophical ball as a form of intellectual leisure, particularly focusing on the years of experience in organizing annual festive events by the family philosophical club “School of Socrates” at the Central House of Artists in Moscow. The external, attributive form of the philosophical ball is linked with Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of the carnivalization of culture: its spectacles, theatricality, the presence of masks and costumes, and the involvement of all participants in a unified action. The internal content of the philosophical ball is determined by philosophical concepts, historical figures, or artistic images relevant to the specific era and culture, facilitating the perception and discussion of the proposed philosophical ideas. The narrative is further enriched by a case study detailing the methodological orchestration of a philosophical ball themed around Russian Symbolism. The authors conclude that the philosophical ball, as a form of intellectual leisure, addresses epistemological tasks and serves enlightening and educational functions: it engenders an authentic milieu of philosophical festivity, nurturing the creative impetus of its participants and facilitating a profound and universally accessible experiential odyssey into the realms of worldview and cognition.

To the question reform of the state system of legal protection of intellectual property in Ukraine

The article highlights the current state of intellectual property protection in Ukraine. It is emphasized that in accordance with the provisions of Art. 41 of the Constitution of Ukraine, everyone has the right to own, use and dispose of their property, the results of their intellectual and creative activities. Article 55 of the Constitution of Ukraine stipulates and guarantees everyone the use of all national types of legal protection, protection of rights and freedoms in court. According to the second part of Art. 124 of the Basic Law, the jurisdiction of the courts extends to any legal disputes and all legal relations arising in the state. In addition to the guaranteed constitutional right to judicial protection of intellectual property rights, the norms of special legislation in the field of intellectual property determine the legal basis for the protection of violated rights.
 In connection with the reform of the state system of legal protection of intellectual property, the Concept of reforming the state system of legal protection of intellectual property in Ukraine, approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated June 1, 2016 No. 402-r, was analyzed, which states that the state system of legal protection of intellectual property property implements the state system of legal protection of intellectual property, and also draws attention to the imperfect and inert system of state management of intellectual property, which has led to the absence of significant changes in the adaptation of the legislative framework to modern economic and political conditions (the fight against patent trolling, Internet piracy, satisfaction needs of the IT industry, military industry), as well as the National Strategy for the Development of Intellectual Property in Ukraine for the period until 2020, where a two-level structure of the state system has been created instead of a three-level structure. Separate provisions of the legislation, the norms of which guarantee the protection of intellectual property rights, as well as special laws and by-laws defining the reformation and functioning of the state system of legal protection of intellectual property, are considered. Attention is drawn to the fact that today the state system of intellectual property protection in Ukraine has an extensive system of state authorities that ensure the protection and protection of the violated subjective rights of copyright holders. The existing problematic issues of intellectual property protection are analyzed and the author’s proposals for improving the state of protection and protection of intellectual property rights in Ukraine are formulated.

FEDIR YEVSTAFIYOVYCH PETRUN (1894–1963): THE KNOWN AND UNKNOWN PAGES OF BIOGRAPHY (UP TO THE 60s AND 130th ANNIVERSARY)

The article examines the biography and intellectual activity of Fedir Yevstafiyovych Petrun. He is an Odesa historian, librarian, bibliographer, orientalist, cartographer, geographer and teacher. During the entire time of his activity, he managed to work in a wide variety of higher educational institutions of Odesa, but he worked most of all in the structure of the Scientific Library of the Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University. The degree of research of the problem in historical science has been clarified. It is indicated that in Ukrainian historiography there is no special study dedicated to the maximally complete reconstruction of the biography of F. Petrun. On the basis of documentary materials of the State Archive of the Odesa region, related to the history of various centers and structures of cultural development in Odesa, previously unpublished historical sources have been introduced into scientific circulation, which contribute to the reconstruction and clarification of previously unknown nuances and vicissitudes of the scientist’s life path. The represented archival materials are also a valuable source for studying the development of higher education and science in Odesa in the period of the 1910s-30s, in particular, the history of the higher school, the library network, and biographical data of some scientists of the specified time. The information from questionnaires filled out by F. Petrun and autobiographies written by him, discovered in various Odesa archives, complements the data from the history of everyday life of the higher school and the library network of Odesa. The difficult path of a scientist in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century, the influence of political and ideological pressure on the everyday life of the scientific and pedagogical intelligentsia of the USSR, is traced. His role in the life of the higher school and the library network, scientific heritage, scientific and personal contacts of the scientist, their influence on his life and entry into the academic community and communication relations in it are reconstructed.