Fiber Integrity Research Articles

Diffusion tensor imaging in Behcet's disease with and without neurological involvement patients: evaluation of microstructural white matter abnormality with a tract-based spatial statistical analysis.

This study aims to assess the microstructural abnormalities in white matter (WM) among Behcet's disease (BD) patients, both with and without neurological involvement, utilising tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to elucidate the underlying causes of WM microstructural changes. This prospective study comprised 43 BD patients without neurological involvement, 15 neuro-Behcet's disease (NBD) patients with normal conventional MRI, and 54 healthy controls matched for age and sex. TBSS was applied in this diffusion tensor imaging study to conduct a whole-brain voxel-wise analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) of WM. Compared to the control group, BD patients exhibited decreased FA and increased MD and RD in nearly all WM tracts, along with increased AD in the left corticospinal tract (CST), left inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), and left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). NBD patients also showed a widespread decrease in FA and increased MD and RD, similar to BD patients without neurological involvement. Additionally, NBD patients had increased AD in the left CST, left ILF, left SLF, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), and right CST. Compared to BD patients without neurological involvement, NBD patients exhibited a greater reduction in FA and an increase in MD and RD in WM tracts, with no significant differences in AD. These results suggest that the main mechanism of microstructural changes in the WM of BD patients may be related to impaired fibre integrity, demyelination, and decreased myelin sheath integrity. This study demonstrated BD patients without neurological involvement and NBD patients a decrease in FA and an increase in MD and RD were observed in larger areas of major WM tracts, while an increase in AD values was observed in fewer tracts. Our findings may be useful in understanding the pathophysiology underlying subclinical parenchymal involvement and neurological dysfunction in BD patients and the management of BD patients.

Exploring the Potential Applications of Wool Fibers in Composite Materials: A Review.

The use of renewable resources in composite materials is a vital strategy for enhancing sustainability in material science. Wool fibers are promising due to their unique properties, including thermal insulation and self-extinguishing characteristics. However, a substantial portion of wool is deemed unsuitable for textiles and is often discarded as waste. This review investigates the integration of wool fibers into polymer composites, aiming to improve sustainability and material performance. By analyzing recent advancements, this study highlights the potential of wool fibers to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties of composites. The findings support the development of eco-friendly materials that contribute to waste reduction and promote sustainable practices across various industries.

The mechanical and microstructure investigations of jute fabric epoxy reinforced with microfibers from banana and coconut

AbstractThis study investigates the use of jute cloth epoxy reinforced with microfibers from coconuts and bananas to investigate bio‐inspired composite materials. The development and assessment of the mechanical qualities of two composite types—jute fabric containing 10% banana microfibers and jute fabric containing 10% coconut microfibers—were the main goals. These composites were made for the study, and then they underwent extensive mechanical testing (such as tensile, bending, and impact tests) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microstructural examination. Jute cloth, which is renowned for its sustainability, was utilized as the foundation material, and epoxy was utilized as the matrix to improve structural stability. Fibers from bananas and coconuts were included because of their durability and low weight. The findings suggested that, maybe as a result of variations in density, the composite containing 10% coconut fibers performed better mechanically than the one containing banana fibers. These discoveries signify a substantial breakthrough in bio‐inspired materials and have potential uses in sectors looking for environmentally friendly substitutes. This research may help create green composites with improved mechanical properties by deepening our understanding of the interactions between jute, epoxy, and natural fibers.Highlights Banana and coconut fibers enhance the composite's tensile strength significantly. The material's bending properties show promise for diverse load‐bearing applications. High impact resistance makes the composite viable for impact‐prone environments. SEM analysis confirms homogeneous integration of fibers within the epoxy matrix.

Hydrothermal assisting biomass into a porous active carbon for high-performance supercapacitors

Biomass contained significant amounts of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose and these high crystallinity results in sub-optimal electrochemical properties. Herein, a hydrothermal method was employed to intentionally weaken the structural integrity of hemp fibers and eliminate cellulose impurities. After undergoing KOH activation, the resulting product achieved a maximum specific surface area of 1644.3 m2 g−1. In a three-electrode test, the specific capacitance of this electrode material was 255.6 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, representing a nearly double enhancement over the non-hydrothermally treated sample. Furthermore, the assembled symmetric supercapacitor has a specific capacitance of 56.9 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a capacitance retention of 102 % after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles (10 A g−1). Its maximum power density was 725 W kg−1 at an energy density of 16.6 Wh kg−1. The desirable capacitive properties indicated that the hydrothermal pretreatment method was expected to have wider applications in the preparation of other biomass-based electrode materials.

A review on integration of carbon fiber and polymer matrix composites in 3D printing technology

Three-dimensional (3D) printing applications obtained by combining the lightness, high strength, and durability of carbon fiber with polymer matrix composites provide various industrial advantages. These advantages offer new design and production opportunities for automotive, aviation, space, medical devices, and many other industrial fields. This review article discusses material innovations in 3D printing technology with a focus on the integration of carbon fiber and polymer matrix composites. After examining the current state and future potential of 3D printing technology, the properties and advantages of carbon fiber and polymer matrix composites and the difficulties encountered with their integration into the 3D printing process were examined. In conclusion, this review article comprehensively discusses the current status, advantages, challenges, and future directions on the integration of carbon fiber and polymer matrix composites in 3D printing technology. This article can be an important resource for industry professionals and researchers in materials science and engineering.

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in As2S3-circular photonic crystal fibers pumped by 4.5 µm and 6 µm femtosecond lasers

A study on As2S3 chalcogenide photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and its potential in supercontinuum generation (SCG) applications is presented. The designed fibers exhibit near-zero flattened chromatic dispersion, facilitating coherent and broad SCG utilizing femtosecond lasers at 4.5 and 6 µm wavelengths. A continuous spectrum spanning from 1.5 to 8 µm is achieved when the initial fiber is stimulated with an input power of 20 kW. With a pulse width of 100 fs and input power of 6 kW, the second fiber provides soliton-induced SCG with 2 to 15 µm spectral bandwidth. Furthermore, the integration of these large core diameter PCFs with high-power laser pulses guarantees the preservation of optical fiber integrity without damage. Consequently, these fibers hold promise for delivering SC spectra characterized by high power density, catering to a diverse range of practical applications including optical communications, spectroscopy, sensing, metrology, and calibration.

Fluid-Solid Interaction Analysis for Developing In-Situ Strain and Flow Sensors for Prosthetic Valve Monitoring.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was initially developed for adult patients, but there is a growing interest to expand this procedure to younger individuals with longer life expectancies. However, the gradual degradation of biological valve leaflets in transcatheter heart valves (THV) presents significant challenges for this extension. This study aimed to establish a multiphysics computational framework to analyze structural and flow measurements of TAVI and evaluate the integration of optical fiber and photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors for monitoring valve function. A two-way fluid-solid interaction (FSI) analysis was performed on an idealized aortic vessel before and after the virtual deployment of the SAPIEN 3 Ultra (S3) THV. Subsequently, an analytical analysis was conducted to estimate the PPG signal using computational flow predictions and to analyze the effect of different pressure gradients and distances between PPG sensors. Circumferential strain estimates from the embedded optical fiber in the FSI model were highest in the sinus of Valsalva; however, the optimal fiber positioning was found to be distal to the sino-tubular junction to minimize bending effects. The findings also demonstrated that positioning PPG sensors both upstream and downstream of the bioprosthesis can be used to effectively assess the pressure gradient across the valve. We concluded that computational modeling allows sensor design to quantify vessel wall strain and pressure gradients across valve leaflets, with the ultimate goal of developing low-cost monitoring systems for detecting valve deterioration.

Integration of recycled denim waste cotton fibre and jute fibre in thermoplastic bio composite applications

High-stiffness and high-strength natural fibres are commonly utilized in thermoplastic matrices to manufacture biobased thermoplastic composites. Low-end applications such as construction and furniture industries do not require a high load-bearing capacity, thus favoring cost-effective, moderately strong, sustainable natural materials and quickly manufacture thermoplastic composites. Recycled biobased cotton fibres collected from the denim industry can effectively penetrate this composite industry due to their cost-effectiveness and desirable physical and mechanical properties. However, retaining structural integrity and enhancing the reinforcing efficiency of recycled yarns in composites pose challenges. Addressing these issues, we propose a new method of extracting recycled cotton from denim waste fabric and transforming it into dry preform with minimal damage to the structural integrity of cotton fibres. Jute fibres have been introduced alongside recycled denim fibers within a polypropylene matrix to optimize the hybrid reinforcing efficacy of the composites. The effect of denim fibre length on composite quasi-static tensile and flexural test results showed that a yarn length of 20 mm yielded the highest tensile strength (⁓27.83 MPa), tensile modulus (⁓ 1.76 GPa), flexural strength (⁓62.35 MPa), and flexural modulus (⁓1.17 GPa). Composites comprising recycled denim yarn and jute fibre improved the tensile modulus to approximately ⁓2.1 GPa and the impact strength to approximately ⁓66.1 kJ/m2, following the hybrid rule of mixture, while jute fiber serves to increase the stiffness and toughness of the composites. This work demonstrates that recycled denim cotton fibre and strong jute fibre can be successfully integrated into thermoplastic composites to achieve tailored mechanical properties.

Performance evaluation and multi-objective optimization of a tubular indirect evaporative cooler integrated with moisture-conducting fibers

Indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) technology is an energy-efficient approach for regulating the indoor thermal environment of buildings. The conventional tubular indirect evaporative cooler (TIEC) may have a relatively low cooling efficiency due to poor wettability issues. The application of moisture-conducting fibers provides a feasible way to solve the above problem. However, the integration of moisture-conducting fibers with TIEC is still in the exploratory stage. This study proposed a novel moisture-conducting fiber-assisted TIEC and conducted a multi-objective optimization. An experimental facility and theoretical model of the proposed moisture-conducting fiber-assisted TIEC were developed. Based on the numerical model validated by experiments and response surface methodology (RSM), the regression models for performance prediction of the cooler were established. Eight input parameters including inlet air parameters, operating parameters and geometric parameters were selected, and four performance evaluation indicators were chosen as output responses. The parameter sensitivity of the regression models was analyzed. The multi-objective optimization was performed by considering the influence of different relative weights assigned to the output responses. Furthermore, the performance of the optimized cooler applied in different climate zones was predicted. The results showed that the product air temperature drop could achieve 8.8–11.3 °C after cooling by the cooler. The established regression models can predict the performance of the moisture-conducting fiber-assisted TIEC conveniently and effectively, which is expected to guide the design and optimization of engineering practices.

Fibro-porous materials: 3D-printed hybrid porous materials for multifunctional applications

This work demonstrates the additive manufacturing of fibro-porous materials—hybrid materials with a fiber mesh integrated within the open cells of a base porous scaffold. The presented method allows seamless incorporation of fibers, with precise control of the fiber diameter and mesh density, into the scaffold without requiring any additional postprocessing steps. Here, using a gyroid pore architecture as the base scaffold, this study fabricates the fibro-porous materials using an extrusion-based additive technique and investigates their resultant sound absorption, pressure drop, mechanical stiffness, and energy absorption properties. Two-microphone normal incidence impedance tube measurements reveal significant improvements in the sound absorption performance compared to that of denser, fiberless porous material counterparts while maintaining a 33 % lighter weight. Additional tests, including pressure drop and static airflow resistivity measurements, indicate that fiber integration reduces the effective pore size and increases flow resistance, boosting sound absorption at lower frequencies. The mechanical properties are also markedly improved, with stiffness and yield stress increasing by 27 % and 37.85 %, respectively. The fibro-porous samples provide 30 % more energy absorption per unit volume due to their increased resistance to deformation. This research demonstrates that additively manufactured fibro-porous materials provide substantial multifunctional performance gains without significant weight increase. The adaptable manufacturing process is compatible with various extrudable materials and opens a new route to designing complex, customized engineering structures with application-specific functionalities.

Ectopic expression of Myomaker and Myomixer in slow muscle cells induces slow muscle fusion and myofiber death

Zebrafish embryos possess two major types of myofibers, the slow and fast fibers, with distinct patterns of cell fusion. The fast muscle cells can fuse, while the slow muscle cells cannot. Here, we show that myomaker is expressed in both slow and fast muscle precursors, whereas myomixer is exclusive to fast muscle cells. The loss of Prdm1a, a regulator of slow muscle differentiation, results in strong myomaker and myomixer expression and slow muscle cell fusion. This abnormal fusion is further confirmed by the direct ectopic expression of myomaker or myomixer in slow muscle cells of transgenic models. Using the transgenic models, we show that the heterologous fusion between slow and fast muscle cells can alter slow muscle cell migration and gene expression. Furthermore, the overexpression of myomaker and myomixer also disrupts membrane integrity, resulting in muscle cell death. Collectively, this study identifies that the fiber-type-specific expression of fusogenic proteins is critical for preventing inappropriate fusion between slow and fast fibers in fish embryos, highlighting the need for precise regulation of fusogenic gene expression to maintain muscle fiber integrity and specificity.

Alleviated diabetic osteoporosis and peripheral neuropathic pain by Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch polysaccharide via increasing regulatory T cells

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) are conditions that significantly impact the quality of life of patients worldwide. Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, a component of traditional Chinese medicine with a history spanning thousands of years, has been utilized in the treatment of osteoporosis and diabetes. Specifically, Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch polysaccharide (RGP), a key bioactive compound of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, has demonstrated immune-modulating properties and beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and vascular inflammation in diabetic mice. Despite these known actions, the precise mechanisms of RGP in addressing DOP and DPN remain unclear. Our study aimed to explore the impact of RGP on osteoporosis and peripheral neuropathic pain in diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin (STZ). The findings revealed that RGP not only improved hyperglycemia and osteoporosis in STZ-induced diabetic mice but also enhanced osteogenesis, insulin production, and nerve health. Specifically, RGP alleviated distal pain, improved nerve conduction velocity, nerve fiber integrity, and immune cell balance in the spleen. Mechanistically, RGP was found to upregulate HDAC6 mRNA expression in regulatory T cells, potentially shedding light on novel pathways for preventing DOP and DPN. These results offer promising insights for the development of new therapeutic approaches for diabetic complications.

The integrity of the corticospinal tract and corpus callosum, and the risk of ALS: univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization

Studies suggest that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compromises the integrity of white matter fiber tracts, primarily affecting motor fibers. However, it remains uncertain whether the integrity of these fibers influences the risk of ALS. We performed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR analyses to evaluate the associative relationships between the integrity of fiber tracts [including the corticospinal tract (CST) and corpus callosum (CC)] and the risk of ALS. Genetic instrumental variables for specific fiber tracts were obtained from published genome-wide association studies (GWASs), including 33,292 European individuals from five diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) datasets. Summary-level GWAS data for ALS were derived from 27,205 ALS patients and 110,881 controls. The MR results suggested that an increase in the first principal component (PC1) of fractional anisotropy (FA) in the genu of the CC (GCC) was correlated with an increased risk of ALS (PFDR = 0.001, odds ratio = 1.363, 95% confidence interval 1.178–1.577). Although other neuroimaging phenotypes [mean diffusivity in the CST, radial diffusivity (RD) in the CST, FA in the GCC, PC1 in the body of the CC (BCC), PC1 in the CST, and RD in the GCC] did not pass correction, they were also considered to have suggestive associations with the risk of ALS. No evidence revealed that ALS caused changes in the integrity of fiber tracts. In summary, the results of this study provide genetic support for the potential association between the integrity of specific fiber tracts and the risk of ALS. Greater fiber integrity in the GCC and BCC may be a risk factor for ALS, while greater fiber integrity in the CST may have a protective effect on ALS. This study provides insights into ALS development.

Primary lateral sclerosis: application and validation of the 2020 consensus diagnostic criteria in an expert opinion-based PLS cohort

BackgroundValidation of the 2020 consensus criteria for primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is essential for their use in clinical practice and future trials.MethodsIn a large cohort of patients diagnosed with PLS...

Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate protects vascular relaxation in ApoE-knockout mice by inhibiting the SYK-NLRP3 inflammasome-MMP2/9 pathway

BackgroundHyperlipidemia damages vascular wall and serves as a foundation for diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension and stiffness. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is implicated in vascular dysfunction associated with hyperlipidemia-induced vascular injury. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS), a well-established cardiovascular protective drug with recognized anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasodilatory properties, is yet to be thoroughly investigated for its impact on vascular relaxant imbalance induced by hyperlipidemia.MethodsIn this study, we treated ApoE-knockout (ApoE-/-) mouse with STS and assessed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, expression of MMP2/9, integrity of elastic fibers, and vascular constriction and relaxation.ResultsOur findings reveal that STS intervention effectively preserves elastic fibers, significantly restores aortic relaxation function in ApoE-/- mice, and reduces their excessive constriction. Furthermore, STS inhibits the phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and reduces MMP2/9 expression.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that STS protects vascular relaxation against hyperlipidemia-induced damage through modulation of the SYK-NLRP3 inflammasome-MMP2/9 pathway. This research provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying vascular relaxation impairment in a hyperlipidemic environment and uncovers a unique mechanism by which STS preserves vascular relaxation, offering valuable foundational research evidence for its clinical application in promoting vascular health.

Pharmacokinetics and Histotoxic Profile of a Novel Azithromycin-Loaded Lipid-Based Nanoformulation.

Azithromycin traditional formulations possesses poor oral bioavailability which necessitates development of new formulation with enhanced bioavailability of the drug. The objective of current research was to explore the kinetics and safety profile of the newly developed azithromycin lipid-based nanoformulation (AZM-NF). In the in-vitro study of kinetics profiling, azithromycin (AZM) release was assessed using dialysis membrane enclosing equal quantity of either AZM-NF, oral suspension of azithromycin commercial product (AZM-CP), or azithromycin pure drug (AZM-PD) in simulated intestinal fluid. The ex-vivo study was performed using rabbit intestinal segments in physiological salts solution in a tissue bath. The in-vivo study was investigated by oral administration of AZM to rabbits while taking blood samples at predetermined time-intervals, followed by HPLC analysis. The toxicity study was conducted in rats to observe histopathological changes in rat's internal organs. In the in-vitro study, maximum release was 95.38 ± 4.58% for AZM-NF, 72.79 ± 8.85% for AZM-CP, and 46.13 ± 8.19% for AZM-PD (p < 0.0001). The ex-vivo investigation revealed maximum permeation of 85.68 ± 5.87 for AZM-NF and 64.88 ± 5.87% for AZM-CP (p < 0.001). The in-vivo kinetics showed Cmax 0.738 ± 0.038, and 0.599 ± 0.082µg/ml with Tmax of 4 and 2h for AZM-NF and AZM-CP respectively (p < 0.01). Histopathological examination revealed compromised myocardial fibers integrity by AZM-CP only, liver and kidney showed mild aberrations by both formulations, with no remarkable changes in the rest of studied organs. The results showed that AZM-NF exhibited significantly enhanced bioavailability with comparative safer profile to AZM-CP investigated.

A novel method of reclaiming high-value carbon fiber from waste epoxy composite via molten salt thermal treatment

Epoxy resin limits the recycling of high-value carbon fibers from waste epoxy composites: its inferior thermal conductivity requires the excessive pulverization of the polymers, reducing fibers length; its robust cross-linked structure hinders its removal, leading to fiber contamination. Here, we proposed a novel method by using molten salts as an effective medium to enhance heat transfer and thermal reaction. The length and structural integrity of fibers were preserved by minimizing the extent of pulverization and reducing the erosive impact of resin degradation products, respectively. At 375 °C, the resin removal ratio and fiber strength retention both exceeded 99%, with a temperature reduction of at least 100 °C. Molten salts exerted differential inert and active effects on fibers and resin. Fibers could retain 97% of strength retention within salts at 400 °C for 2 h. Conversely, molten salts significantly facilitated the disruption of the resin matrix’s cross-linked structure by catalyzing the cleavage of C-N bonds. The degradation products exhibited a lightweight tendency and could be easily separated from the fiber surface in the fluid environment provided by molten salts, thus protecting the fiber surface against oxidative erosion caused by phenols.

Role of actin-binding proteins in cataract formation.

Actin has been implicated in lens opacification; however, the specific actin-related pathways involved in cataracts remain unelucidated. In this study, actin-related proteome changes and signaling pathways involved in the development of cataracts were evaluated. The anterior capsule and phacoemulsification (phaco) cassette contents were collected during cataract surgery from 11 patients with diabetic cataract (DC), 12 patients with age-related cataract (ARC), and seven patients with post-vitrectomy cataract (PVC). Untargeted, global identification and quantification of proteins was performed through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with the data-independent acquisition (DIA). In phaco cassette samples, proteins with significantly lower expression in ARC than in DC and PVC were involved in various pathways, including actin binding, actin cytoskeleton reorganization, actin filament capping, cortical actin cytoskeleton organization, and small GTPase-mediated signal transduction pathways. In anterior capsules, proteins with significantly lower expression in ARC than in DC and PVC were involved in actin binding and actin cytoskeleton reorganization pathways. Actin cytoskeleton and actin-binding proteins are involved in lens fiber elongation and differentiation. Rho GTPases contribute to actin cytoskeletal reorganization, and their inactivation is linked to abnormal lens fiber migration. These findings link actin binding to lens fiber integrity, lens opacification, and cataracts.

Thermal spray to embed optical fibers for the monitoring and protection of metallic structures

In the framework of using fiber optics (FO) for structural health monitoring, a true challenge is to fix the fiber onto structures guaranteeing both protection for the former and an effective adhesion on the latter. This work proposes a method to obtain such result via thermal spray technique on metallic structures, allowing its use in the most severe conditions of corrosion and wear. Since the transmission medium between the structure and the sensitive part of the optical fiber is represented by the fiber coating, three differently coated fibers were used on C-40 steel substrate: polyacrylate, polyimide and ORMOCER. In addition, the use of a primer to improve the bond on the substrate was evaluated. The adhesion between FO and metallic coating is evaluated through optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electrons microscopy (SEM) analysis. The functionality is also verified with both thermal and mechanical tests to calibrate the measuring accuracy. The results indicate that the best combination is that of the polyimide fiber, a zinc primer and aluminum coating. The proven qualities are the adhesion at the interface between the metallic coating and the fiber optics, and the preservation of the structural integrity of the fiber itself and its coating, and a precise measurement of strain acquired by fiber Bragg grating sensors (FBGs). The use of the thermal spray process is thus proved to be a solution for the optical fiber and substrate interaction, since it preserves the integrity of the optical fiber, due to the low temperature of the process, adding the protection that the metallic coating offers as well.

Investigation of recycled carbon fiber-reinforced ultrafine-grain carbon-matrix composites

To broaden the usefulness of recycled carbon fibers and develop the high value-added product, the recycled carbon fiber-reinforced carbon-matrix composites were prepared using ultrafine-grain coke as a filler and coal tar pitch as a binder via a liquid mixing process. A comprehensive study and investigation of the microstructures and properties of recycled carbon fibers and composites were conducted. It was found that the recycled PAN-based carbon fiber (rPCF) outperformed the recycled rayon-based carbon fiber (rRCF) in terms of fiber integrity and pitch-coated effect in the recycling and forming processes. By relieving thermal stress, lowering stacking pores, and inhibiting the growth of shrinkage pores, the rCF can promote the sintering of the green body. The flexural strength of rPCF-reinforced carbon-matrix composite (30.70 MPa) and rRCF-reinforced carbon-matrix composite (20.75 MPa) increased by 60.6% and 8.6% than that of pristine carbon-matrix composite (19.11 MPa), respectively. The difference in mechanical properties between rPCF-reinforced carbon-matrix composite and rRCF-reinforced carbon-matrix composite is attributed to the mechanical interlock mechanism and fiber pull-out mechanism. This work provides a propagable, affordable, and environment-friendly idea for recycling waste carbon fiber and producing recycled carbon fiber reinforced composites.