Fiber Integrity Research Articles

In Situ Coordinated MOF-Polymer Composite Electrolyte for Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries with Exceptional High-Rate Performance.

The integration of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and electrospun polymer fibers offers the potential to achieve uniform dispersion and high loading of fillers, providing a unique perspective for advancing composite solid electrolytes in solid-state lithium metal batteries. In this work, a composite solid electrolyte is fabricated through a combination of electrospinning and chemical immersion, facilitating the in situ nucleation and growth of HKUST-1 on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibers. The in situ coordinated HKUST-1 particles not only modify the solvation structure of Li+ and the coordination environment of TFSI-, but also encapsulate PAN fibers to mitigate interfacial side reactions with lithium metal, thereby improving interfacial stability. Consequently, the solid-state electrolyte achieves a high Li ion transference number of 0.77 and an impressive critical current density of 4.5 mA cm-2. The assembled Li||Li symmetric cell exhibits stable operation for over 4000 h at 4.0 mA cm-2, while Li||LFP and Li||NCM811 cells demonstrate exceptional rate capability and cycling stability. This work provides valuable insights into the design and fabrication of MOF/polymer-based composite solid electrolytes.

Ti-co-Ce oxide decorated chitosan fiber oxidase mimic identified for portable monitoring of S2-, CrO42- and Fe2+ assisted with a smartphone.

Environmental safety and protection is one of the most concerned topics nowadays. To conveniently monitor toxic S2-/CrO42- and to regulate bioactive Fe2+, Ti-co-Ce oxide decorated chitosan fiber (Ti-co-Ce ox@CC) was developed using microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The integration of chitosan fiber and nano Ti-co-Ce oxide endowed Ti-co-Ce ox@CC with superior oxidase-like activity and improved water-dispersibility. It could quickly accelerate the oxidization of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl benzidine (TMB) with Vmax/Km of 6.67 × 10-8 M·s-1/0.0178 mM, much better than these (4.31 × 10-8 M·s-1/0.0471 mM) for Ti-co-Ce oxide only. Trace S2-, CrO42- or Fe2+ could selectively alter the oxidase-like activity with clear hyperchromic or hypochromic effect. Under the optimized conditions, there expressed excellent linear relationships between A652 and cS2-, cCrO42- or cFe2+ with ideal limits of detection (LOD) of 7.8 × 10-9 M, 5.0 × 10-8 M and 6.5 × 10-8 M respectively. What's more, the red-green-blue (RGB) values analyzed by a smartphone also expressed nice linear relationships with satisfactory LODs of 3.8 × 10-8 M, 7.7 × 10-8 M and 9.2 × 10-8 M for S2-, CrO42- and Fe2+. The proposed Ti-co-Ce ox@CC sensing platform will provide a promising potential for on-site intelligent identification of S2-, CrO42- and Fe2+ in practice.

Functional Graphene Fiber Materials for Advanced Wearable Applications

Abstract Graphene fiber materials have emerged as key enablers in the advancement of wearable electronics due to their outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and flexibility. This review explores the fabrication techniques of graphene fibers, including wet spinning, electrospinning and dry spinning, which have been refined to produce high-performance fibers tailored for various wearable applications. Graphene fibers demonstrate exceptional functionality in wearable sensing technologies, such as strain, pressure and humidity sensors, while also showing promises in flexible energy storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries. Moreover, fabrication techniques like weaving, spinning and additional encapsulations have enabled the integration of graphene fibers into smart textiles, enhancing flexibility and durability. These methods ensure seamless electronic integration into fabrics for applications in flexible displays and wearable systems. By summarizing all the advances of graphene fibers in wearable electronics, this review provides a roadmap for future research directions. Future developments will focus on enhancing structural performance, hybridization with other materials and scalable fabrication techniques to support commercialization. These advancements position graphene fibers as a critical material for next-generation wearable electronics, offering seamless integration of functionality, comfort and durability. Graphical Abstract

Chemically Modified Pineapple Leaf Fibre as a Filler of Polyurethane-Based Composites.

Pineapple leaf fibres represent a biodegradable raw material sourced from renewable resources whose use contributes to reducing the carbon footprint and limiting the amount of waste generated. Their potential applications can effectively decrease the industry's dependence on plastics and support sustainable development, which should accompany the production of modern materials. In this study, polyurethane-based composites reinforced with various types of natural cellulose fillers were developed and investigated. Microcrystalline cellulose and unmodified and chemically modified pineapple leaf fibres were used as reinforcements. The mechanical and thermal properties of the produced materials were determined and compared. The results of the tests indicated that both microcrystalline cellulose and pineapple leaf fibres contributed to a reduction in the mechanical properties of polyurethane. A varying impact of fillers on the Young's modulus of the biocomposites was observed. The presence of natural modifiers influenced an increase in the melting temperature of the composite compared to the pure polyurethane. Integration of natural pineapple fibres into composite represents a step toward a more sustainable future, combining economic benefits with environmental care. The mechanical characteristics of composite materials were enhanced by modified fibres, compared to their unmodified counterparts. This improvement comes from the unique structural properties of the modified fibres. When polyurethane (PU) is used as the matrix material, it effectively fills the interfibrillar voids, creating a more cohesive bond between the components.

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Sabai Grass (Eulaliopsis binata) Fibers and Epoxy Resin Composite Laminates Using Fly Ash as Filler Material

The integration of sabai grass fibers and fly ash in epoxy resin combines the strengths of both materials for developing a tailor-made composite laminate that balances performance, sustainability, and cost-efficiency. This innovative blend of natural fibers and industrial waste promotes environmental conservation. The laminates produced could also be used in diverse industrial and structural applications. This study investigated the mechanical properties of composite laminates reinforced with sabai grass fibers, fly ash filler, and epoxy resin as the matrix. In this work, the hand lay-up method was used to fabricate composites with two stacking configurations ((0°/0°/0°/0°) and (0°/90°/90°/0°)) and filler contents of 1.5 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.%. Various weight fractions of fly ash filler and sabai grass fiber were integrated into the epoxy resin to evaluate their impact on tensile strength, flexural strength, and hardness. The experimental results indicate that adding fly ash significantly improves the composite’s hardness to 27 HV in the composites containing 5 wt.% filler, while sabai grass fibers contribute to enhanced tensile strength and flexural strength. The composites with (0°/0°/0°/0°) fibers and 5 wt.% filler showed a higher tensile strength of 63.5 MPa and flexural strength of 118.5 MPa. The fractured sample was analyzed with the help of FESEM images. The XRD analysis confirmed the presence of fly ash components suitable for forming a bond with epoxy. EDX was conducted to determine the elemental composition of the fly ash. FTIR analysis verified the removal of impurities such as dust, dirt, and lignin from the fiber surface following NaOH treatment.

Local abnormal white matter microstructure in the spinothalamic tract in people with chronic neck and shoulder pain.

To investigate differences in the microstructure of the spinothalamic tract (STT) white matter in people with chronic neck and shoulder pain (CNSP) using diffusion tensor imaging, and to assess its correlation with pain intensity and duration of the pain. A 3.0T MRI scanner was used to perform diffusion tensor imaging scans on 31 people with CNSP and 24 healthy controls (HCs), employing the Automatic Fiber Segmentation and Quantification (AFQ) method to extract the STT and quantitatively analyze the fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), reflecting the microstructural integrity of nerve fibers. Correlations of these differences with duration of pain and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were analyzed. No significant differences in the mean FA or MD values of the bilateral STT were observed between people with CNSP and HCs (p > 0.05), as indicated by the two-sample t test. Further point-by-point comparison along 100 equidistant nodes within the STT pathway revealed significant reductions in FA values in the left (segments 12-18, 81-89) and right (segments 9-19, 76-80) STT in the CNSP group compared to HCs; significant increases in MD values were observed in the left (segments 1-13, 26-30, 71-91) and right (segments 8-17, 76-91) STT (p < 0.05, FWE corrected). Partial correlation analysis indicates that in people with CNSP, the FA values of the STT in regions with damaged white matter structure show a negative correlation with VAS scores and duration of pain, whereas MD values show a positive correlation with VAS scores and duration of pain. This study found that people with CNSP exhibit white matter microstructural abnormalities in the specific segments of STT. These abnormalities are associated with the patient's pain intensity and disease duration. The findings offer a new neuroimaging perspective on the pathophysiological basis of chronic pain in the ascending conduction process and its potential role in developing targeted intervention strategies. However, due to the limited sample size and the lack of statistical significance when analyzing the entire spinothalamic tract, these conclusions should be interpreted with caution. Further research with larger cohorts is necessary to validate these results.

Development and simulation of annular flow photoreactors: integration of light-diffusing fibers as optical diffusers with laser diodes

Laser driven platform for photochemical reactions. Modelling: predictability and optimization.

Improving fibrillation and structural integrity of coconut frond fibers with alkali and steam processing

Improving fibrillation and structural integrity of coconut frond fibers with alkali and steam processing

Fabrication and characterization of silver nanowire-coated porous alginate wet-laid webs for wound dressing applications

Fabrication and characterization of silver nanowire-coated porous alginate wet-laid webs for wound dressing applications

Electrospun microfibers to enhance nutrient supply in bioinks and 3D-bioprinted tissue precursors

3D-bioprinting is a promising technique to mimic the complex anatomy of natural tissues, as it comprises a precise and gentle way of placing bioinks containing cells and hydrogel. Although hydrogels expose an ideal growth environment due to their extracellular matrix (ECM)-like properties, high water amount and tissue like microstructure, they lack mechanical strength and possess a diffusion limit of a couple of hundred micrometers. Integration of electrospun fibers could hereby benefit in multiple ways, for instance by controlling mechanical characteristics, cell orientation, direction of diffusion and anisotropic swelling behavior. The aim of this study was to create an advanced ECM-biomimicking scaffold material for tissue engineering, which offers enhanced diffusion properties. PCL bulk membranes were successfully electrospun and fragmented using a cryo cutting technique. Subsequently, these short single fibers (<400µm in length and ∼5-10µm in diameter) were embedded in an agarose-based hydrogel after hydrophilization of the short single fibers by O2plasma treatment. Fiber-filled bioinks exhibit significantly improved biomolecule diffusion (>500µm), swelling properties (20%-60% of control), and higher mechanical strength, while its viscosity (5-30 mPas*s) and gelation kinetics (28 °C) remained almost unaffected. The diffusion tests indicate a high level of size selectivity, which can be utilized for targeted biomolecule transport in the future. Finally, applying 3D-bioprinting technology (drop-on-demand vs. microextrusion) a print setting dependent post-dispensing orientation of the fibers could be induced, which ultimately paves way for the fabrication of metamaterials with anisotropic material properties. As expected, the fiber-filled bioink was found to be non-cytotoxic in cell culture trials using HUVECs and HepG2 (>80% viability). In summary, microfiber integration holds great promise for 3D-bioprinting of tissue percursors with advanced metamaterial properties and thus offers high applicability in various fields of research, such asin-vitrotissue models, tissue engineered implants or cultivated meat.

In Vivo‐Like Scaffold‐Free 3D In Vitro Models of Muscular Dystrophies: The Case for Anchored Cell Sheet Engineering in Personalized Medicine

AbstractProgress in understanding the underlying mechanisms of muscular dystrophies is hindered by the lack of pathophysiologically relevant in vitro models. Here, an entirely scaffold‐free anchored cell sheet engineering platform is used to create patient‐specific three‐dimensional (3D) skeletal muscle in vitro models. This approach effectively replicates mature muscle phenotypes and tissue‐ and disease‐specific extracellular matric (ECM). Models were developed using primary cells from healthy individuals and patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. Through a combination of quantified histological staining (Hematoxylin &amp; Eosin, Movat's Pentachrome, Masson's Trichrome) and immunostaining (desmin, myosin heavy chain, laminin, and dystrophin), it was demonstrated that the models formed mature constructs closely resembling their respective in vivo conditions. Proteomics analysis revealed that the models exhibited appropriate upregulation and downregulation of disease‐relevant pathways. Models of diseased tissues accurately reflected key phenotypic features of the diseases, including alterations in muscle fiber integrity and ECM composition. Upon treatment with therapeutically beneficial drugs, significant changes in their proteomic profiles were documented, highlighting the models’ potential for drug screening. This novel in vitro modeling approach, unlike other 3D techniques that rely on exogenous biomaterials that interfere with natural cellular behaviors, provides a promising platform for studying muscular dystrophies.

Achieving Robust α-Alumina Nanofibers by Ligand Confinement Coupled with Local Disorder Tuning.

As high-performance thermal protection and structure enhancement materials, oxide ceramic fibers have become indispensable in numerous areas, ranging from deep-sea exploration to supersonic aircraft. However, under extreme energy input, abnormal grain growth and inevitable vermiculate structure would break the fiber integrity, causing catastrophic structure failure. Nowadays, the design of nanoceramics brings potential answers for strengthening of mechanical properties, but with the diameter downsized to the nanoscale, the increasing structural susceptibility of ceramic fiber to phase transformation and grain growth becomes a huge barrier. Here, we propose a strong carboxylic ligand confinement strategy by the combination of formic and acetic acids to control the inorganic colloid growth for fabricating robust α-alumina nanofibers. The rapid hydrolysis and coordination of the carboxylate groups with aluminum together with subsequent concentration synergistically promote the formation of small and compact precursor colloids, laying a solid foundation for suppressing abnormal grain growth and achieving refined alumina grain structure. The local disorder induced by silica and boron oxide surrounding α-alumina grains imparts excellent mechanical properties and flexibility with no fractures observed even after 500 buckling cycles and a wide range of temperatures from -196 to 1100 °C, providing an enlightening paradigm for ceramic fiber strengthening.

Improving the properties of clay soils in foundations through compaction and the integration of fibres and cement

Clay soils present significant challenges in engineering applications, particularly in the design and construction of foundations, due to their susceptibility to swelling and shrinkage. This research investigates the enhancement of clay soils through the incorporation of fibres, compaction, and cement, based on a comprehensive series of tests conducted at the Public Works Laboratory in Adrar, southern Algeria. The tests adhered strictly to technical standards in soil mechanics, examining the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the clay soil. The results demonstrated that applying a compressive strength of 2.5 MPa and incorporating palm and glass fibres in proportions ranging from 0% to 0.3% reduced bulk density by 0.95% to 7%. The capillary water absorption rate increased by 10.61% to 12.63%, while compressive strength improved by 11.4% to 34.37%. Furthermore, thermal conductivity decreased by 0.71% to 11.9%. These findings provide valuable insights into the properties of clay soils and the observed improvements. It can be concluded that soil enhancement through various materials and fibres is viable and yields positive outcomes in geotechnical applications.

Defect engineering strategy to enhance the SO2 adsorption performance of Zr-based MOFs materials: potential application for purifying cultural heritage storage environments

In this work, a novel Zr-based MOFs material (D-NH2-UiO-66) with multi-stage pore structure was prepared by introducing defects in NH2-UiO-66 through a ligand regulation strategy, aiming to enhance the SO2 adsorption performance and be applied to purify the cultural relic storage environment. The research demonstrated that the defect engineering effectively increased the pore diameter of the precursor material, leading to the exposure of internal adsorption sites within the framework and the utilization of defect sites, thereby increasing the number of adsorption sites. Moreover, the enlargement of pore diameter facilitated the diffusion of gas molecules within the framework, which enhanced the mass transfer process. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to deeply investigate the impact of defect structures on the adsorption mechanism. In addition, breakthrough experiments were conducted to assess the adsorption performance of D-NH2-UiO-66 towards SO2, and the material’s potential application in cultural relic storage environments was explored through controlled laboratory tests. The results indicated that this material possesses outstanding SO2 adsorption performance, effectively improving the integrity of paper fibers and enhancing the tensile strength of the paper. This study not only provides new insights into the application of MOFs materials in environmental protection but also offers an effective solution for the preservation of cultural heritage.

Assessment of Age-Related Microstructure Changes in Thigh Skeletal Muscle Based on Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging.

Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) could offer information about the morphological properties of tissue. Diffusion microstructure imaging has been widely used, but the applicability of NODDI in skeletal muscle imaging remains to be explored. To evaluate microstructure parameters variations in skeletal muscle as indicators of age-related changes. Prospective, cross-sectional. A total of 108 asymptomatic volunteers, divided into three age groups: 20-39 years (N = 34), 40-59 years (N = 40), and over 60 years (N = 34). 3-T, three-dimensional (3D) gradient echo sequence. T1-weighted imaging, T2-weighted imaging with spectral adiabatic inversion recovery, and NODDI were used to image the thigh skeletal muscles. Four thigh skeletal muscle groups were analyzed, including bilateral thigh quadriceps femoris and hamstrings. The microstructure parameters included orientation dispersion index (ODI), intra-myofibrillar water volume fraction (V-intra), free-water fraction (V-csf), fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD). These parameters were quantified using NODDI images and compared among different age, body mass index (BMI), and skeletal muscle index (SMI) subgroups. Segmentation measurement reliability was assessed using a two-way mixed intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Shapiro-Wilk tests were used to assess data distribution. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare ODI, V-intra, V-csf, FA, and MD values among different age, BMI, and SMI subgroups. The Spearman correlation coefficient was utilized to assess the strength of the correlation between the age and microstructure parameters, as well as between age and SMI. Additionally, Bonferroni post hoc tests were conducted on microstructure parameters that exhibited significant differences across various age groups. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Significant differences in ODI, V-csf, FA, and MD values were observed among age, BMI, and SMI subgroups. NODDI may be used to reveal information about microstructure integrity and local physiological changes of thigh skeletal muscle fibers in relation to age. 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.

Exploring the Molecular Structure and Treatment Dynamics of Cellulose Fibres with Photoacoustic and Reversed Double-Beam Spectroscopy.

In this study, we explored the structural and chemical modifications of cellulose fibres subjected to chemical and mechanical treatments through an innovative analytical approach. We employed photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) and reversed double-beam photoacoustic spectroscopy (RDB-PAS) to examine the morphological changes and the chemical integrity of the treated fibres. The methodology provided enhanced sensitivity and specificity in detecting subtle alterations in the treated cellulose structure. Additionally, we applied Coifman wavelet transformation to the PAS signals, which facilitated a refined analysis of the spectral features indicative of chemical and mechanical modifications at a molecular level. This advanced signal processing technique allowed for a detailed decomposition of the PAS signals, revealing hidden characteristics that are typically overshadowed in raw data analyses. Further, we utilised the concept of energy trap distribution to interpret the wavelet-transformed data, providing insights into the distribution and density of energy states within the fibres. Our results indicated significant differences in the energy trap spectra between untreated and treated fibres, reflecting the impact of chemical and mechanical treatments on the fibre's physical properties. The combination of these sophisticated analytical techniques elucidated the complex interplay between mechanical and chemical treatments and their effects on the structural integrity and chemical composition of cellulose fibres.

Effect of continuous esketamine infusion on brain white matter microstructure in patients with major depression: A diffusion tensor imaging study

IntroductionEsketamine has demonstrated acute antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study investigated whether these effects associate with reversible white matter fiber integrity recovery using diffusion imaging. MethodTwenty patients with MDD and 20 healthy controls received 2-week esketamine treatment. Patients received 0.25 mg/kg intravenous esketamine. Emotional and cognitive recovery were assessed. Diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics evaluated white matter fiber integrity pre/post-treatment. Correlation analyses examined associations between white matter changes and clinical scales. ResultsCompared to controls, patients with MDD exhibited decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) values of cerebral white matter fibers involving the association fibers, the commissural fibers and projection fibers. Esketamine effectively reduced depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation scores while improving cognitive function. However, no reversible recovery of compromised white matter integrity was observed after 2 weeks of esketamine treatment. FA reductions in projection fibers correlated with anxiety and suicidal ideation severity. LimitationsConcurrent sertraline use and lack of placebo control limited our ability to isolate esketamine's effects. The wide age range may have introduced response variability. We used minimal effective dosages based on previous research. The small sample size limited statistical power. Larger, more controlled studies are needed to validate these preliminary findings. DiscussionThis study enhances MDD neuropathological understanding, with widespread white matter impairment and associations between projection fibers and symptom severity. While producing significant antidepressant effects, short-term esketamine did not recover compromised white matter microstructure.

Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging in Midlife Obesity: Associations with Abdominal Adipose Tissue

AbstractBackgroundObesity and abdominal adiposity in midlife are shown to increase the risk of Alzheimer disease. However, it is not clear whether midlife adiposity is associated with increased neuroinflammation. We aimed to investigate the associations of obesity, BMI of 30 kg/m2 or higher, and abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT) with brain histology, using diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) analysis;MethodIn total, 54 cognitively normal middle‐aged subjects (50.46±6.19 years, male: 21 (38.9%), obesity: 32 (59.3 %), BMI: 32.18±6.99 kg/m2) underwent brain and abdominal 3T MRI. Abdominal VAT and SAT were semi‐automatically segmented using VOXel Analysis Suite (Voxa). A DBSI scheme with a total of 98 diffusion samplings was acquired followed by movement and eddy current correction and brain tissue extraction in FSL. DBSI maps including fractional anisotropy (FA, overall integrity), axial diffusivity (AD, axonal injury), radial diffusivity (RD, myelin loss), restricted fraction (RF, inflammation cellularity), hindered fraction (HF, extracellular edema), and fiber fraction (FF, axonal density) were generated using in‐house software scripted in MATLAB. DBSI‐derived maps were processed using a tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) pipeline for whole‐brain white matter voxel‐wise analyses. Using the Randomize tool from FSL, the difference between obese vs. non‐obese, high‐VAT vs. low‐VAT, and high‐SAT vs. low‐SAT groups were investigated for each DBSI‐derived skeleton, with age and sex as covariates, and a threshold of 0.05 for false‐discovery rate. The sex differences were further investigated;ResultLower FF and AD and higher RF in widespread white matter areas were observed in the obese vs. non‐obese group, and in the high‐SAT vs. low‐SAT group. Lower AD and higher RF were observed for the high‐VAT vs. low‐VAT group. All of these differences were only significant in females, not males, but higher RF in obese vs. non‐obese was observed both in males and females;ConclusionOur data support lower axonal density and fiber integrity, as well as higher inflammation cellularity in cognitively normal, middle‐aged obese individuals, and those with high VAT and high SAT, especially in females. Overall, our data suggest the differential role of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat in promoting neuroinflammation and axonal damage.

A154: MyoAAV 2a-Mediated Neurturin Improves the Pathological and Motor Function of Mdx Mice

Background/Purpose: Neurturin is a muscle secretory factor mediated by PGC-1Α1. Studies have shown that Neurturin has the function of coordinating the integrity of muscle fibers and their motor neurons and improving motor ability. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disease in which people gradually lose their mobility. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the pathological improvement of mdx mice treated with Neurturin. Methods: (1) MyoAAV 2A-Neurturin viral tool was prepared by HEK293T three-plasmid system. (2) Three male and three female SPF newborn C57BL/10ScSn mice and six male and six female C57BL/10scsn-Dmdmdx/J mice were used in the experiment. C57 mice were used as the control group (C57+PBS), and mdx mice were divided into virus injection group (mdx+Ntrn) and control group (mdx+PBS). The mice in the mdx+Ntrn were injected with 1.0E+13 vg/kg MyoAAV 2A-Neurturin, and the mice in the C57+PBS and mdx+Ntrn were injected with the same volume of PBS. (3) Grip strength, treadmill running performance, and creatine kinase were measured after 4 weeks. (4) Statistical methods: The results were expressed as mean ± standard error, a one-way ANCOVA test was used between groups, and P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: (1) The titer of MyoAAV 2A-Neurturin was 1.0E+13 vg/ml. The migration distance of VP1:VP2:VP3 bands in silver staining was consistent with that of the corresponding molecular weight bands in Marker, and the ratio was close to 1:1:10. (2) In the grip strength test, compared with the mdx+PBS, the relative grip strength of the mdx+Ntrn increased (P = 0.022). Compared with the C57+PBS, relative grip strength of the mdx+Ntrn increased, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.122). (3) In the treadmill running performance test, compared with the mdx+PBS, the exhaustion time of the mdx+Ntrn significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05). (4) Compared with the mdx+PBS, the CK level of the mdx+Ntrn significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05). The CK level of the mdx+Ntrn showed a downward trend, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.099). Conclusion/Discussion: The grip strength and exhaustion time of mdx mice were improved, and the level of creatine kinase decreased. Neurturin improved the pathological and motor function of mdx mice. This study provided a new attempt for the application of Neurturin in mdx mice and provides a new idea for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

A low-temperature tunable microcavity featuring high passive stability and microwave integration

Open microcavities offer great potential for the exploration and utilization of efficient spin-photon interfaces with Purcell-enhanced quantum emitters thanks to their large spectral and spatial tunability combined with high versatility of sample integration. However, a major challenge for this platform is the sensitivity to cavity length fluctuations in the cryogenic environment, which leads to cavity resonance frequency variations and thereby a lowered averaged Purcell enhancement. This work presents a closed-cycle cryogenic fiber-based microcavity setup, which is in particular designed for a low passive vibration level, while still providing large tunability and flexibility in fiber and sample integration, and high photon collection efficiency from the cavity mode. At temperatures below 10 K, a stability level of around 25 pm is reproducibly achieved in different setup configurations, including the extension with microwave control for manipulating the spin of cavity-coupled quantum emitters, enabling a bright photonic interface with optically active qubits.