Integrated Child Development Research Articles

Effectiveness Of a Psychoeducational Program for The Development of Social Skills in Children

Social skills play a fundamental role in the integral development of children, influencing their emotional well-being and future interpersonal relationships. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychoeducational program in the development of social skills in primary education students. The research approach was quantitative, the design was experimental and the type was pre-experimental. The sample was made of 35 students of the fifth grade of primary education from a state educational institution in the city of Puerto Maldonado (Peru). A psychoeducational program of social skills was applied during 15 sessions and to evaluate its effectiveness, a questionnaire was administered before and after the intervention, which had adequate psychometric properties. The results indicate that there are statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the general scores of the average before (138.69) and then (158.94) of the application of the psychoeducational program. Regarding the scores of the dimensions, statistically significant differences were also reported between the scores of the average before and after (p<0.05). It was concluded that the application of the psychoeducational program was effective in the development of the social skills of primary education students.

ROOTS AND WINGS - CULTURAL AWARENESS AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN

In the current context, cultural education plays an essential role in the integral development of children, especially in rural communities where access to cultural resources may be limited. This article examines the "Roots and Wings" program, an innovative project designed to enrich the cultural education of rural children through direct and experiential activities. Through storytelling and folklore workshops, cultural preservation projects, local art and history sessions, children's festivals and partnerships with schools, the program aims to strengthen children's ties with the cultural heritage of their community. The study uses mixed methods, including participatory observations and questionnaires, to assess the impact of the program on children's knowledge, appreciation and application of cultural values in everyday life. Preliminary results suggest a significant improvement in understanding and appreciation of local culture, as well as an increase in confidence in one's own creative and social skills. The article argues that such programs can serve as valuable models for integrating culture into the educational curriculum, having the potential to transform children's perspective on cultural heritage and positively influence their behavior.

Trabajo infantil y su incidencia en el rendimiento académico de los niños, niñas y adolescentes del Cantón Guaranda, provincia de Bolívar, 2021-2022

Child labor is one of the social problems that cannot be completely eradicated, despite the efforts of the State to create public policies for its mitigation. However, there are vulnerable sectors such as the Guaranda canton, where it has not been possible to completely eradicate this social problem, especially when 46.99% are considered indigenous and, being in the countryside under situations of vulnerability, children and adolescents end up dropping out of school. The objective of this research was to analyze how child labor affects the academic performance of children and adolescents of Guaranda canton, during the school year 2021-2022, through descriptive, deductive and mixed research method, it has been possible to establish that child labor has a negative impact on the proper social and integral development of children and adolescents, affecting their rights; As a result, 8% of them have dropped out of school, and it is clear that children and adolescents are forced to contribute at home, and that their parents are responsible for their care and not the other way around.

THE SONG AS A CHILDREN'S WELCOME LANGUAGE

The objective of this article was to analyze, through a bibliographical research, the contributions that the songs can provide in the development and reception of children who enter kindergarten, such an important phase for motor, cognitive and affective development. The entry of a child into daycare or preschool is a remarkable moment for the child and his family. This is a routine change that requires careful planning by both the family and the pedagogical team of the institution that will host them. The child needs to have his adaptation process to the new routine respected in the most diverse aspects. Therefore, the songs are a playful tool that will help the child to feel welcomed, attracted, respected, and included in this new living space. The use of musicality will also help the educator in the teaching-learning process, as the songs instigate the development of attention, speech, respect among students, body expression, socialization, vocabulary expansion, motor skills and many others, thus promoting, the integral development of children. The songs can be presented in the most diverse ways, such as through electronic sound devices, but on the occasion, we will emphasize the work developed with the use of voice and gestures as an instrument of acceptance, affection and socialization.

Analysis of the Factors That Influence a Quality Physical Education in Mexico: School Supervision's Perspective.

Different international organizations have spoken out in favor of the value of physical activity in the integral development of children and adolescents, which is why different guidelines have been established for governments to facilitate quality Physical Education. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the performance of PE teachers, from the perspective of pedagogical technical advisors and school district supervisors from various school zones from the State of Chihuahua. This was a transversal study, with a qualitative approach and phenomenological focus, which was chosen because it allows the understanding of these aspects from a unique and unrepeatable process; data collection was carried out through focus groups in which PE ATP supervisors participated and data were collaboratively analyzed. The main results indicated that Physical Education does not have the same importance as other subjects, a situation that is reflected in: constant curricular reforms, administrative inconsistencies, dependence on the school organization, and being seldom taken into account in decision-making. It was concluded that strict public policies are required to be applied uniformly throughout the country, as well as privilege Physical Education within the Basic Education curriculum in Mexico.

¿Cómo se construye la convivencia escolar en la educación Montessori? Estudio de caso de una escuela Montessori de Valparaíso, Chile

Montessori education is a pedagogical perspective centered in the integral development of children, who must construct their own learning. In this perspective, the engagement of the individual to the group is fundamental. For that reason, an appropriated school coexistence is crucial. International research suggests that Restorative Justice paradigm is a successful way to improve the school coexistence. This qualitative research seeks to investigate and collect elements that allow establishing how it is built the school coexistence in a Montessori school from Valparaiso, Chile, through perceptions from children and teachers. The findings emphasize the main aspects which are the development of autonomy, adaptability and self-esteem by children; the passive role of Montessori teacher; and the conflict resolution by a restorative strategy named “Circulo de Emergencia”.

Foods habits, body image and physical fitness in Chilean schoolchildren according to physical activity level and weight status

Background: dietary habits and physical activity (PA) patterns play a crucial role in the integral development of children and adolescents. Objective: to compare according PA frequency (i.e., 0,1,2,3 or 4 times / week) and weight status (i.e., normal weight, overweight and obesity), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), body image dissatisfaction and the physical fitness related to health, and as second objective to determine the association between these variables. Methods: 481 schoolchildren, 166 women and 315 men aged between 8 and 15 years (12.10 ± 1.10 years) belonging to public schools of Temuco, Chile participated. They were classified in three groups according PA frequency: group 1, without PA; group 2, PA 1-2 times/week, and group 3, PA 3-4 times/week. Cardio respiratory fitness (CRF), standing jump long test (SJT), handgrip strength, adherence to MD and body image dissatisfaction were measured. Results: Schoolchildren with more days of PA / week reported higher adherence to MD (p = 0.020), VO2max (p < 0.001) and SJT (p < 0.001) than peers. Likewise, schoolchildren with normal weight show more adherence to MD (P <0.001) and lower body image dissatisfaction (p < 0.001). There is a positive association between PA with VO2MAX (B, 1.28, p < 0.001). The gender presented association with body image dissatisfaction (B, 25.51, p = 0.019). Conclusion: the schoolchildren with greater frequency of PA/week, presenting greater adherence to MD and better physical fitness related to health. Keywords.

Evaluation of child development of children with suspected autistic spectrum disorder

Introduction: Child development is a continuous process of acquisition and improvement of global skills that has its main milestones in the first three years of an individual's life. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized as an alteration in neurodevelopment that involves persistent deficits in communication and social interaction, in addition to stereotyped movements that can be noticed in the child's early years even before the diagnosis is defined. Objective: Analyze the overall development of children at risk for ASD in its 5 domains: cognition, communication (expressive and receptive), motor skills (fine and gross), adaptive and socio-emotional behavior, and to correlate with the indicative of ASD signs. Methods: Nine male children aged between 24 and 41 months with suspected ASD were evaluated by Protea-R (Bosa &Salles, 2018) using the Bayley child development scales (Bayley, 2018). Results: Overall, there was impairment in the 5 behaviors measured with greater intensity in children at Risk for ASD than those at Relative Risk for ASD. Cognitive, linguistic and social-emotional skills were more impaired in these. Conclusions: This study allowed reflections on the integral development of children with suspected ASD even though it was not possible to determine a pattern of global development in these individuals.

Impacto de la narrativa de cuentos en el área de lenguaje: Subprueba de semejanzas de la escala Wechsler para preescolares

Storytelling in preschool ages plays an important role in the development of expressive and comprehensive language. Objective: to determine the impact of storytelling in the subtest of similarities of the WWPSI-Spanish Wechsler Intelligence Scale in preschoolers. Methodology: mixed, non-experimental, observational, cross-sectional study, with descriptive statistical analysis and non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. The sample consisted of 21 preschool children between 5 and 6 years old. The total score of the evaluation is 22, in the first evaluation a maximum score of 15 and a minimum of 2 was obtained, an average of 8.80 and a standard deviation of 4.52. In the second evaluation, a maximum of 19 and a minimum of 7 were obtained, an average of 14.52 and a standard deviation of 4.42, demonstrating significant advances in skills for the semantic categories. Contribution: Stimulation through storytelling favors the development of the expressive and comprehensive language of children, so it is suggested that preschool programs include activities such as storytelling, as it is a fundamental tool for the improvement of cognitive skills and the integral development of children

Prevalence and socioeconomic determinants of development delay among children in Ceará, Brazil: A population-based study

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of child development delay and to identify socioeconomic determinants.Study designWe conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of children 2 to 72 months of age residing in the state of Ceará, Brazil. In total, 3200 households were randomly selected for participation in the study and had child development assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) version 3. Development delay was defined as a score of less than -2 standard deviations below the median of the Brazilian ASQ standard. We present population-level prevalence of delay in five development domains and assess socioeconomic determinants.ResultsA total of 3566 children completed the ASQ development assessment of which 9.2% (95% CI: 8.1–10.5) had at least one domain with development delay. The prevalence of delay increased with age in all domains and males were at higher risk for communication, gross motor and personal-social development delays as compared to females (p-values <0.05). We found robust associations of indicators of socioeconomic status with risk of development delay; increasing monthly income and higher social class were associated with reduced risk of delay across all domains (28,2% in the poorest and 21,2% in richest for any delay, p-values <0.05 for all domains). In addition, children in poor households that participated in conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs appeared to have reduced risk of delay as compared to children from households that were eligible, but did not participate, in CCT programs.ConclusionsThere is a relatively high population-level prevalence of development delay in at least one domain among children 0–6 years of age in Ceará, Brazil. Integrated child development, social support, and poverty reduction interventions may reduce the population-level prevalence of development delay in Ceará and similar settings.

Visual Arts and the Integral Development of Children under Five Years Old: A Case Study in Ecuador

Visual Arts and the Integral Development of Children under Five Years Old: A Case Study in Ecuador

Szanse wychowania ku wartościom w aktualnej podstawie programowej w świetle integralnego rozwoju dziecka w młodszym wieku szkolnym

&lt;p&gt;W przedstawionym opracowaniu został poruszony problem dotyczący wychowania ku wartościom dzieci w młodszym wieku szkolnym w świetle ich integralnego rozwoju, ich wzrastania w poszczególnych sferach (biologicznej, psychologicznej, socjologicznej, kulturologicznej i światopoglądowej). Istotne jest tutaj nie tylko wzrastanie poszczególnych warstw, ale także ich integracja. Przedstawiono także grupy wartości związane z poszczególnymi warstwami rozwojowymi człowieka. Z warstwą biologiczną związane są wartości hedonistyczne, witalne i materialne; z warstwą psychologiczną – głównie wartości poznawcze; z warstwą społeczną – wartości moralno-społeczne; z warstwą kulturologiczną – wartości kulturowe, z warstwą światopoglądową – wartości ostateczne. Grupy te stanowiły podstawę do dokonania analizy treści zawartych w obowiązującej podstawie programowej dla I etapu edukacyjnego w celu odpowiedzi na postawione w kontekście tematu opracowania pytanie: jakie szanse wychowania ku wartościom stwarza aktualne podstawa programowa w świetle integralnego rozwoju dziecka w młodszym wieku szkolnym?&lt;/p&gt;

Aspectos socioeconómicos presentes en la práctica alimentaria de niños entre 2 a 5 años en un municipio del departamento de Boyacá, Colombia

Un análisis interdisciplinario acerca de la recolección, el cultivo, el consumo y la distribución de los alimentos vegetales y animales en zonas rurales, permite la descripción de las prácticas alimentarias de las familias campesinas. Esta investigación realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, para evaluar los hábitos alimenticios y el nivel de seguridad alimentaria, en relación con la primera infancia, de 32 familias del municipio Boyacá, en el departamento de Boyacá, Colombia. Los resultados del estudio evidenciaron que la alimentación de las personas es el resultado del aprendizaje cultural y depende de condicionantes económica, laboral y política. Su ausencia pone en riesgo, en gran medida, el desarrollo integral de niños de primera infancia. A partir de éste, se identifica el rol del profesional de Trabajo Social en torno estudiar, describir y gestionar procesos posibles que ayuden a mejorar la seguridad alimentaria de las poblaciones en las que intervienen.

Vision evolution in the treatment of nystagmus with hydrophilic contact lenses (two clinical cases)

Introduction: Vision is a key factor in the integral development of children. In the case of nystagmus it is not known if decreased visual acuity is the origin or the consequence of the ocular movements. There is a block position that normally leads to a head anomalous position (torticollis). When the patient is compensated by spectacles, they look through a peripheral area of the lens where aberrations and visual distortion are higher. Contact lens wear can achieve a good centration of the lens over the pupil, reducing this visual distortion and improving vision.

Pedagogiczne wspomaganie rozwoju duchowego dziecka w aspekcie jego integralnego zdrowia

The man in the multidimensionality of his nature is the essence of the bio-psycho-socio-spiritual being. The development of all spheres of human nature is an integral condition of his health. In this context, the purpose of this article is stimulation of pedagogical reflection on the marginalized area of ​​spiritual development of the child, which in fact is a most important factor in the integrated child development. The author's intention is to direct the attention of adults to the specific characteristics of the child, as well as to raise the awareness of the need not only to include them in the conduct of childhood educational activities, but also to surround them with attention and concern for their importance for future full human development, health and wellbeing.

El esfuerzo cooperativo como estímulo para fomentar aspectos grupales, emocionales y cognitivos en jóvenes estudiantes

“La unidad es la fuerza… cuando hay trabajo en equipo y colaboración, se pueden lograr cosas maravillosas”.Mattie Stepanek. En la actualidad, la cooperación es un aspecto fundamental para la educación y desarrollo integral de los niños y adolescentes. El esfuerzo a través de actividades físicas, y juegos cooperativos con una exigencia alta de intensidad física intrínseca al estímulo planteado, podrían ser clave para mejorar aspectos grupales, valores de equipo y aspectos cognitivo-emocionales, importantes también para el posterior éxito laboral futuro. Se presentan los resultados más destacados de un estudio dirigido al incremento de las anteriores variables a través de la práctica de situaciones físicas cooperativas de alta intensidad interválica. Investigaciones recientes han mostrado que tanto la actividad física como la cooperación, por separado, pueden ser aprovechables para este objetivo. Sin embargo, la interrelación de estas variables en base a una propuesta integral aún está poco estudiada. Se concluye que el esfuerzo físico cooperativo de alta intensidad puede tener efectos positivos más allá de los aspectos físicos ampliamente contrastados en la literatura científica. Se sugiere aprovechar la alta intensidad (&gt;80% FC máxima), así como, el uso de situaciones de resolución de problemas o retos cooperativos, para fomentar aspectos sociales y cognitivo-emocionales en jóvenes.

Políticas públicas del gobierno de Ecuador que benefician a la primera infancia

En la presente investigación se propuso describir cómo las políticas públicas implementadas en Ecuador han beneficiado a los niños de 0 a 5 años, entendida como la primera infancia en el país andino. Desde una perspectiva cuantitativa, para el logro de este objetivo se utilizó como uno de los principales métodos el Bibliográfico Documental, y las técnicas de la revisión bibliográfica documental y la Encuesta; la primera posibilitó la identificación de los principales conceptos de políticas públicas y desarrollo infantil integral, así como la acepción e interpretación práctica que ha generado en Ecuador este tema de la agenda internacional. El estudio empírico permitió conocer la apreciación al respecto de los especialistas de los Centros Infantiles del Buen Vivir, creados por el Estado para fortalecer el cuidado de los niños preservando sus derechos. Luego de la discusión establecida entre la fundamentación teórica y la práctica, se concluye que, si bien se dispone de políticas públicas que han favorecido el desarrollo integral de los niños, con una marcada incidencia en la familia y sobre su conocimiento en temas como equidad, inclusión e igualdad de oportunidades, aún existen limitaciones sobre todo de los medios didácticos que beneficien las actividades desarrolladas en esas instalaciones. De ahí que se recomiende un estudio metodológico más riguroso sobre el asunto y se haga un llamado a las instituciones gubernamentales para no escatimar en recursos materiales y humanos que sigan promoviendo la calidad de vida de la primera infancia.

El desarrollo auditivo en la primera infancia: Compendio de evidencias científicas relevantes para el profesorado

This article aims to know about hearing development experienced by otologically healthy children during their early childhood, in order to give an objective documentation about the matter to preschool education teachers, so that they can improve and enhance their didactic work in the classroom. The research uses classic bibliography in health sciences and psychology, international standards on hearing thresholds, and validated researches addressing the development of tonal discrimination, localization of sounds in space, and the impact of hearing on integral child development. It is concluded that the hearing development in early childhood is not limited to physiological aspect, but it also involves other factors such as sensory, sensorimotor, perceptual and cognitive ones.

Educational policies and activities for preschool children: Reflections from the cultural-historical approach and activity theory

Educational activities employed with preschool children&lt;br /&gt;have significance in their development and preparation for&lt;br /&gt;school learning. For this reason, it is necessary to analyze&lt;br /&gt;the relationship established between educational policies&lt;br /&gt;and educational activities for the preschool population in the&lt;br /&gt;Colombian context. In this paper, these two aspects interact to&lt;br /&gt;contribute to its conclusion. The teacher’s task is to promote&lt;br /&gt;the integral development of children and ensure an optimal&lt;br /&gt;level of preparation for schooling. Considering current&lt;br /&gt;pedagogical practice, this task is not successfully carried out&lt;br /&gt;as required by the objectives of educational policy. However,&lt;br /&gt;monitoring this psychological and pedagogical approach&lt;br /&gt;based on cultural-historical theory highlights both theoretical&lt;br /&gt;foundations and methodological pathways for innovating with&lt;br /&gt;regard to the educational status of preschool.

Niños y niñas nacidos con síndrome de Down: Historias de vida de padres y madres

This paper is based on the premise that early stimulation is the appropriate program to start the integral care and education of newborns with Down Syndrome, with the primary objective being to optimize their cognitive, physical and socio-emotional capabilities. For this purpose, a naturalist paradigm and a descriptive case type approach were used, mainly with qualitative data related to the life stories of parents with Down Syndrome children. Parents (9 mothers and one father) participated voluntarily in the research project. One of the instruments used was the compilation of life histories, which were collected though interviews to parents and were systematized in the form of chronicles. Another instrument was phrases or sentences to fill in the blanks, which were used to know the deepest impressions experienced by parents before and after the birth of their Down Syndrome child. This paper is intended to provide support to those who experience daily situations similar to the ones mentioned here and, particularly to impact on the time management in the integral development of children with this condition.