Insufficient Parking Research Articles

The research of the transport infrastructure development in Ternopil

The article is devoted to the problem of studying the state of transport infrastructure of the city of Ternopil in order to further develop a plan for sustainable urban mobility for territorial community of Ternopil city. To satisfy the existing needs of passengers in high-quality transport service, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient number of buses with large and medium passenger capacities. However, according to the principles of sustainable urban mobility, exploitation of the new “green” electric vehicles should be the priority for the modern transport policy of the community. Currently, the most problematic situation with insufficient parking spaces can be observed in the central part of Ternopil. In particular, the city is experiencing such situation due to the growing level of motorization of residents of Ternopil territorial community and, accordingly, the growing demand for the use of individual transport. To solve the current problem, various sources of financing, such as the city budget, the state budget, investments, loans, funds of individuals and legal entities are attracted. Despite this, the implementation of measures still largely depends on the local budget. Analysis of the allocation and development of fundings showed that there has been a prolonged underfinancing of works related to the transport infrastructure of Ternopil. An analysis of the actual indicators of the development of financial resources that have been allocated from the local budget to improve the state of SN for 2020 showed that they did not reach the planned values by 36.4%. Also, in 2020, according to the local budget, it was planned to finance the Program for the development of bicycle infrastructure of the city. The amount of financing was meant to be 2000.0 thousand UAH. However, in fact, no investments were actually made.

Smart Parking Locks Based on Extended UNET-GWO-SVM Algorithm.

Due to the rapid increase in private car ownership in China, most cities face the problem of insufficient parking spaces, leading to frequent occurrences of parking space conflicts. There is a wide variety of parking locks available on the market. However, most of them lack advanced intelligence and cannot cater to the growing diverse needs of people. The present study attempts to devise a smart parking lock to tackle this issue. Specifically, the smart parking lock uses a Raspberry Pi as the core controller, senses the vehicle with an ultrasonic ranging module, and collects the license plate image with a camera. In addition, algorithms for license plate recognition based on traditional image-processing methods typically require a high pixel resolution, but their recognition accuracy is often low. Therefore, we propose a new algorithm called UNET-GWO-SVM to achieve higher accuracy in embedded systems. Moreover, we developed a WeChat mini program to control the smart parking lock. Field tests were conducted on campus to evaluate the performance of the parking locks. The test results show that the corresponding effective unlocking rate is 99.0% when the recognition error is less than two license plate characters. The average time consumption is controlled at about 2 s. It can meet real-time requirements.

재건축 안전진단 주거환경평가의 객관성 제고 방안 연구

Recently, major reconstruction complexes are accelerating their project progress as they have passed the long-awaited safety inspections due to the government's deregulation. As the ‘safety inspections’ regulation, which was an obstacle to the promotion of reconstruction projects, has been relaxed, more and more complexes are taking advantage of this opportunity to participate in reconstruction.
 The government came up with a plan to rationalize the safety inspections because the number of complexes that passed the safety inspections based on strict evaluation criteria decreased rapidly, reducing the supply of quality housing in the city center and deteriorating the residential environment. In particular, even if there are no serious problems with structural safety, reconstruction can be promoted in complexes with poor living conditions, such as insufficient parking spaces or excessive noise between floors.
 However, in order to improve the objectivity of the recently announced government reconstruction rationalization plan, the detailed fact-finding survey and quantitative evaluation items should be supplemented in the 'residential environment evaluation', in which the weight distribution was raised from 15% to 30%. In the case of conditional reconstruction through this, it is expected that there will be no room for controversy in the future.
 Based on this, 'revitalization of the reconstruction project' is expected, and at the same time, the government needs to strengthen education and consulting and conduct a fact-finding inspection to prevent indiscriminate safety inspections under the responsibility of private companies. In particular, it is expected that it will help private organizations improve their technical skills and reduce insolvency diagnoses through explanation of reconstruction safety inspection manuals and education that spreads cases of poor diagnosis for items with a high proportion of subjective evaluation items such as residential environment evaluation.

Mathematical Modelling In Logistics Transportation Problems with The Direct Search

Migration of rural communities to cities increases logistics activities in urban areas to meet customer needs because there is a close relationship between economic expansion and usage. Daily fluctuating demand for logistics, uncertain driving times and insufficient parking spaces are some of the factors that link the crisis in urban logistics in urban areas, which directly affects operational costs, the environment and its success or failure. The related steps of modeling optimization have a major impact in making complex transportation and logistics systems competitive with each other. This paper proposes a model optimization to solve transportation problems mathematically. The integer programming model would be suitable for the problems that have been described. the author uses direct search to complete the model.

A Novel Approach for Detecting Vehicles Parked in No Parking Zone Using Image Processing

Abstract: The traffic problem in cities is increasing rapidly. It is associated due to several reasons. The Three Biggest tors causing traffic problems are Distort-ed Urbanization, population growth, and increasing private vehicles. The issue of car parking in urban regions has emerged as a significant concern in both developed and developing nations. The escalating parking costs, heavy traffic flow, and insufficient parking spots are some of the common parking-related problems that people encounter on a daily basis. The only solution to this problem is to search for parking spaces for prolonged periods of time. So, detecting vehicles in no parking area is the solution for this issue. This project works on detecting the number plate using OpenCV. By using image processing, the license number plate is captured and analyzed, and give warning to the driver is to move his/her vehicle to no parking region if they don’t the amount will deduct from his/her account by traffic police. This system is specifically assembled for traffic police.

TOURISM VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY BY GUNUNGSARI VILLAGE GOVERNMENT SADANANYA DISTRICT CIAMIS DISTRICT

This research is motivated by the results of observations which show that the tourism village development strategy by the Gunungsari Village government, Sadananya District, Ciamis Regency is still not optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine the tourism village development strategy by the Gunungsari Village Government, Sadananya District, Ciamis Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis. There are 7 informants. Data collection techniques are library research, field studies (observations and interviews) and documentation. The author uses qualitative data analysis techniques through processing data from interviews and observations to draw conclusions so that they can answer the problems in the study. Based on the results of the study, it is known that: the tourism village development strategy by the village government is not optimal, this is because the village government has not implemented according to the four levels of strategy, this is evidenced by the lack of facilities and infrastructure in tourist villages such as insufficient parking space so that visitors use their shoulders. the road in parking their vehicles in addition to the lack of trash cans so that visitors litter. The promotion system is still lacking in addition to the lack of cooperation with local governments in promoting tourism objects. This is due to the lack of village government in providing guidance and training in the development of tourist villages. Lack of opportunities for local communities to market their work. This is because there is no place to sell the work provided by the village government for the community and there has not been a collection of community works that can be used as souvenirs for visitors who come. Therefore, various efforts have been made, such as maintaining the environment around the tourist village on a regular basis. Adding various facilities and infrastructure that are still lacking and maximizing accessibility and accommodation in tourist villages so that it can make it easier for visitors to come and stay for long at tourist objects and empower local communities by holding business skills training activities so that people can take advantage of existing potential in increasing people's income.

The Integrated Strategy of LIDAR Points’ Evaluation Localization and Lateral Tracking Optimization for a New Parking Robot's Tight Space Transportation

With the increase of car's number, the problem of insufficient parking space in cities is becoming more and more prominent. The high-density parking lots using parking robots can greatly improve space utilization. However, there is a great collision risk in the parking lot's tight space navigation. So, precise LIDAR localization and trajectory tracking control are the key technologies of autonomous driving along a predetermined path. Due to the laser points’ sparse character, the LIDAR points’ extracted features have distribution errors. In order to further optimize the LIDAR's localization, this article establishes the feature's error ellipsoid model, and the model's information and error entropies are calculated separately. The error entropy is utilized to optimize the feature-matching weight and improve the localization accuracy. Based on the higher localization result, a state-of-the-art lateral tracking model is proposed to address the challenges faced by the long parking robot. Then, the adaptive fuzzy control is designed to achieve precise control of wheel motion. Finally, an experimental platform is built to compare the effectiveness of different positioning and tracking algorithms. The comparison results show that the integration of laser evaluation localization and lateral tracking optimization algorithm can provides a collision-free improvement of 50% in the parking lot's tight spaces.

Exploring the Role of Attitudinal Factors in Electric Vehicle Timeshare Rentals Adoption

Electric vehicle timeshare rentals (EVTRs) have been recognized as promising solutions to growingly severe problems of traffic congestion, air pollution, and insufficient parking spaces. This study aims to explore the factors that affect the adoption of EVTRs. To achieve the research objective, the household survey is conducted to obtain the travelers’ attitudes towards their travel. Ten latent attitudinal factors are extracted based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The multi-index and multi-cause (MIMIC) method simultaneously estimates the correlations between the attitudinal factors. Two logit models with attitudinal factors or not are constructed to estimate the quantitative relationship between various factors and EVTR adoption. The results show that the accuracy of the mixed logit model with latent attitude variables is better than the binary logit model without attitude latent variables. This indicates that attitude latent factors could be well matched with the traveler’s travel behavior and could better reflect travelers’ travel demand. Perceived comfort, perceived efficient, subjective evaluation, use preference, and use willingness significantly impact EVTR use frequency. The inconvenience in travelers, rental stations, shared vehicles, and use modes have significant negative impacts. Finally, social pressure has no significant impact. Findings provide valuable insights regarding the efficient planning of the EVTR system and allow decision-makers to develop scientific and practical measures of EVTRs.

Car Parking Automation and Premises Security System

Abstract: India is progressing at large rate. With the progress at such rate, parking a car is the major issue in the nation. Insufficient parking space has become a major issue in top Indian cities. The vehicles are parked insensitively on the streets which indirectly leads to occupancy of more space. Also demand for personal vehicles is on its high. Thus, parking a vehicle is a big concern today and callously parked vehicles add congestion to the roads. To overcome this issue various parking systems are available. But the problem with these parking systems is they require more space and also are not cost-effective. So, our project is focused on developing a parking system that is fully automatic. The other major problem we are facing today is Inefficient Premises Security Systems. Due to some loopholes, Intruders can easily harm us or can rob our valuables. Our Premises Security System keeps your home and your surroundings safe, deters crime and is quite helpful in emergency situation. We automated it to make it much more secure and safe which will help us in maintaining the safety of the residences.

Operation Concept and Mode Selection Design of Public Parking Lot

With the continuous improvement of urban economic development and modernization, the number of motor vehicles has shown a sharp increase in recent years. At the same time, the construction of public parking lots is very backward, and parking spaces are seriously insufficient, leading to increasingly serious problems, such as urban traffic congestion and insufficient parking spaces. The management mode of public parking lot is backward, which is not conducive to the improvement of parking efficiency and may have a negative impact on traffic. This paper mainly analyzes the difference in the management concept of public parking places for social vehicles, and then investigates and analyzes the reasons for poor management and lagging construction of public parking places, and puts forward suggestions to improve the current public parking places.

다가구매입임대주택 거주자를 위한 주거서비스와 공가 활용 방안

Background/Objectives: Public rental multi-family housing, in general, shows low resident satisfaction, and high incidence of empty houses. This study aims to identify the architectural characteristics of public rental multi-family buildings with empty houses and examine residents’ use and demand of community facilities, to suggest ways to remodel empty houses into community facilities for improved residential services. Methods: Nine public rental multi-family buildings with empty houses in Cheongju City were spot surveyed for physical characteristics, and 26 residents answered online and offline questionnaires on housing environment satisfaction, demand of housing services, and usage of empty houses. Frequencies, percentages, and averages were calculated using SPSS. Results: 1) Public rental multi-family buildings with empty houses show various problems, including conflicts among residents caused by insufficient parking space and waste disposal, and undesirable noise, ventilation, and sunlight. 2) The overall housing environment satisfaction level of residents was lower than 3.0 median points. 3) Among residents’ housing service needs, fitness center with training machines, ranked the highest, followed by a common garage. Conclusion/Implications: 1) To lower resident conflicts, it is necessary to establish living regulations through continuous communication among residents, and secure parking space and separate garbage dumping space in the surrounding empty areas. 2) It is necessary to remodel the empty houses in public rental multi-family buildings into spaces for differentiated community facilities and residential service spaces.

IMPLEMENTATION OF RFID-BASED AUTOMATED PARKING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A FEASIBILITY STUDY

The difficulties of finding a parking spot in any business area are well-known to drivers. Parking tends to put them behind schedule owing to inefficient parking systems, making it much longer due to lost tickets, slow payment procedures, and insufficient parking information. To help lessen the delays caused by these problems, the researchers intend to integrate a technology-based solution in the three important parking procedures — the car entry and exit, the payment mechanism, and the location of parking slots — to significantly reduce the time spent handling these processes, with a particular emphasis on the management system’s ability to improve the parking experience. This study, titled Implementation of RFID-based Automated Parking Management System: A Project Feasibility, seeks to determine the feasibility of an RFID-based parking management system at Victory Mall and Market in Tanauan City, Batangas as its initial client. The project consists of two parts: (1) the system itself as the product and (2) the service that it will provide, featured by its cashless, contactless, and paperless transactions, making the overall service effective and efficient. The researchers conclude that the project is attainable, anticipating an initial service capacity of 929,888.07 parking hours with a 5% annual increase that will result in an average gross profit ratio of 68% per year. It is expected to have a three-year payback period for the total investments of its shareholders amounting to PHP 15,000,000.00. The assumed start of operation where the company caters to its first client is in June 2023.

Research on the current situation of rural tourism in southern Fujian in China after the COVID-19 epidemic

Abstract The present study examines the impact of the tourism industry on rural development and ecological environment after the COVID-19 epidemic from the perspectives of different stakeholders, taking the rural villages of Fujian as an example. The study was conducted using a hybrid study method. 402 valid questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 statistical software, statistical and t-test methods, and then the results of the interviews and field surveys were compiled, compared, and examined by multivariate verification. The results found that insufficient parking and recreation, bicycle lanes and commentary facilities, rising prices of land and houses, deteriorating community environment and air quality, inadequate police and security personnel and communication channels for the community, and low awareness of community service among residents have bothered the residents. The poor communication channels in the community, lack of manpower for infrastructure, bicycle lanes, sightseeing indicators, preferential measures, and police and security, poor water quality, and overflow of garbage make tourists feel bad. Different stakeholders have different views on the current development of local society, humanities, environment, and natural ecology.

Vehicle Delay Model Applied to Dynamic and Static Traffic Impact Analysis of Large Parking Lots

With the surge of motor vehicle ownership and land intensification, plenty of large parking lots emerge as the times demand. Although it solves the problem of insufficient parking spaces, it intensifies the interaction between dynamic and static traffic. This paper presented an impact assessment method for the interaction of dynamic and static traffic flow in parking lots. Firstly, the average vehicle delay was selected as the evaluation index. The delay effect caused by the interaction of dynamic and static traffic flow was determined according to the driving path of vehicles. Then, the average vehicle delay models of arrival vehicles, departure vehicles, and road vehicles in the parking lot were established. Finally, for the parameters difficult to determine directly in the delay model, this paper proposed a method to calibrate the model parameters by using the simulation experimental data on the VISSIM platform. The results showed that the errors of the three models are within the controllable range, and the delay model parameters had high reliability and feasibility. The delay models can provide a quantitative basis for the parking lot management department to formulate regulation strategies and realize more refined information guidance and navigation in the parking lot.

Research on Intelligent Parking Space Design in Limited Space through Big Data

With the rapid development of urbanization and motorization in China, the problem of parking in the city becomes more and more serious. Due to a series of reasons such as spatial layout, insufficient parking facilities and lagging property management, the parking problem in old urban communities is difficult to be solved. Based on the perspective of big data, this paper analyzes the reasons for the parking difficulties in the old community, and designs a set of intelligent parking system to provide an effective solution to the problem of parking difficulties in the old community. At the same time, it proposes design strategies for the renewal of parking space in the old community.

TripAdvisor Ziyaretçi Yorumlarının İçerik Analizi: Göbeklitepe Örneği

Recent technological developments have made easier for consumers to share their experiences and thoughts online. In addition, online comments are suitable when making travel plans. Moreover, the awareness of comments on a tourist site is a benefit for both visitors and managers. In this context, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the comments made by visitors about Gobeklitepe on the TripAdvisor site. In the study, the data were analyzed by content analysis method. All 518 comments made until 19 February 2021 have been analyzed. Reviews are for the period 2013-2020. Expressed positive thoughts are considerably higher than negative thoughts. Cinevision show, impressiveness, grandioseness and extraordinary historical setting, etc. concepts are mentioned among positive impressions. The most important negative opinion is the applied wage policy. Visitors state that both the entrance fee and the prices of some products offered for sale are high. Visitors complain about insufficient parking, lack of tourists guides for individual travelers, ongoing excavations, inability to meet humanitarian needs in the distance between the entrance and the excursion area. These complaints cause negative experiences.

PriParkRec: Privacy-Preserving Decentralized Parking Recommendation Service

Insufficient parking space and traffic congestion are important usual suspects in our urban life. Organisation and managing available parking spaces have raised a lot of awareness. Traditional centralized parking approaches are with an insidious single point of failure and unsuitable for large organization because the manager is overburdened with authority and responsibility. The malicious service provider enables to (i) track the precise mobility patterns of citizens. (ii) collect the data to infer privacy-sensitive information, e.g., where the parking requester (i.e., driver) socialize, work, and live; (iii) analyze trajectories to monitor the location of the driver for entertainment (e.g., discovering one-night stands). To design a decentralized smart and practical parking platform without compromising the privacy of the entities is an urgent issue for the smart city. Blockchain (or distributed public ledger technology) is a near-ideal decentralized and distributed solution for centralized parking-space-recommendation systems. However, most of the existing parking recommendation solutions on top of blockchain ignore to protect the privacy of drivers during parking spot detection and matching phases while cannot maintain the property of anonymity of the drivers. In this paper, an efficient and privacy-preserving parking-space recommendation service platform, named as PriParkRec, along with the proof-of-concept solution to protect the requester's privacy in PriParkRec while maintaining most of the benefits of current parking-space sharing service, i.e., accountability, (anonymous) authentication, (anonymous) payment, and reputation ratings. Indeed, PriParkRec service relies on well-known privacy-enhancing cryptographic building blocks (e.g., oblivious PRF, private set intersection, anonymous credentials, anonymous payment, and smart-contract, etc), these building blocks are carefully integrated together to achieve privacy and security goals to revolutionize the existing car-parking service system coming with the private blockchain and industrial internet of things (IIoTs) technologies.

ТЕХНІЧНІ НОВАЦІЇ ТА ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ПЕРЕВАГИ МІСЬКОГО ЕЛЕКТРОТРАНСПОРТУ М. ХЕРСОНА

In this paper the importance of electric transport of Kherson from the standpoint of ecology, economy, ergonomics, in general, the safety of the city. Total motorization has led to a complex of dangers of the city (primarily road congestion, congestion, gassiness, smog, noise pollution, etc.). The geometric growth of the number of vehicles requires the constant development of roads, which affects the budgets of regions and the country as a whole. According to statistics, the amount of emissions from vehicles (with internal combustion engines) in Kherson is about 70% of all toxic emissions into the atmosphere. According to the results of the latest measurements, the Comprehensive Air Pollution Index (KIZA) for the first half of2019 inKherson was 9.8. This is higher than in the capital, whose KIZA is 9.1. Optimization of public transport (first of all, taking into account the environmental, ergonomic, budget components) is a way to solve the priority problems of road congestion, avoid congestion, clean the city air, and generally improve the urban environment. The availability of environmentally friendly, cost-effective public transport will reduce the number of private vehicles on the roads, solve the problem of insufficient parking spaces and further free up urban space. Ergonomic innovations (lack of steps, space for prams and wheelchairs) definitely improve the ability of young families, the elderly, people with special needs to use public transport freely. From the point of view of life safety, the widespread introduction of electric transport contributes to the solution of several issues in Kherson, namely the improvement of the environmental condition of the air, the social component (transportation of privileged categories), the aesthetic appearance of the urban environment. Compared to other types of public transport (running on internal combustion engines), the price of a trip by trolleybus is 2.4 times cheaper. Keywords: electric transport, city, ecology, ergonomics, economy

A Comparative Study of Several Metaheuristic Algorithms to Optimize Monetary Incentive in Ridesharing Systems

The strong demand on human mobility leads to excessive numbers of cars and raises the problems of serious traffic congestion, large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution and insufficient parking space in cities. Although ridesharing is a potential transport mode to solve the above problems through car-sharing, it is still not widely adopted. Most studies consider non-monetary incentive performance indices such as travel distance and successful matches in ridesharing systems. These performance indices fail to provide a strong incentive for ridesharing. The goal of this paper is to address this issue by proposing a monetary incentive performance indicator to improve the incentives for ridesharing. The objectives are to improve the incentive for ridesharing through a monetary incentive optimization problem formulation, development of a solution methodology and comparison of different solution algorithms. A non-linear integer programming optimization problem is formulated to optimize monetary incentive in ridesharing systems. Several discrete metaheuristic algorithms are developed to cope with computational complexity for solving the above problem. These include several discrete variants of particle swarm optimization algorithms, differential evolution algorithms and the firefly algorithm. The effectiveness of applying the above algorithms to solve the monetary incentive optimization problem is compared based on experimental results.

Multiobjective Scheduling Strategy With Genetic Algorithm and Time-Enhanced A* Planning for Autonomous Parking Robotics in High-Density Unmanned Parking Lots

With the process of urbanization, the problem of insufficient parking spaces has become prominent. Adopting a high-density parking lot with parking robots can greatly improve the land utilization rate of the parking lot. This article tackles the multiple parking robots scheduling problem of high-density layout parking lots, including task execution sequence decision, robot allocation, and cooperative path planning. First, we mathematically describe the parking robot scheduling problem. Existing approximation algorithms are often far from the optimal solution. This article proposes an improved genetic algorithm and a time-enhanced A* path planning algorithm for high-density parking lots. The improved genetic algorithm can efficiently search task execution sequence and robot allocation and converge to the optimal solution even in large-scale complex scenarios. Meanwhile, the time-enhanced A* algorithm takes a new dimension “the time” into consideration, together with the distance, and security factors, to solve the multi-parking-robot path planning problem. Simulation experiments show that our algorithm can improve scheduling performance in many aspects such as task execution time, driving distance, and security in large-scale high-density parking lots. This article provides an efficient and convenient scheduling solution for the implementation of the high-density unmanned parking lot.