Insufficient Levels Of Vitamin Research Articles

Associations of urinary organophosphate esters metabolites with asthma and lung function in adolescents.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are ubiquitously detected in environments and their exposure may affect respiratory health. However, epidemiological evidence, particularly among adolescents, is very limited. We aimed to investigate the associations of urinary OPEs metabolites with asthma and lung function among adolescents and to identify potential effect modifiers. Included were 715 adolescents aged 12-19 years old participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Multivariable binary logistic regression and linear regression were used to assess associations with asthma and lung function, respectively. Stratified analyses were conducted to assess the effect modifications of serum sex hormones, vitamin D levels, and body mass index (BMI). After multivariable adjustment, we found that bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) (3rd tertile [T3] vs 1st tertile [T1], OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.08, 3.25; P-trend=0.029) and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) (T3 vs T1, OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.25, 5.04; P-trend=0.013) were associated with elevated odds of asthma in all adolescents. Sex-stratified analyses revealed that associations of these two OPEs metabolites tended to be stronger in males. Meanwhile, BCEP and the molecular sum of OPEs metabolites (∑OPEs) were significantly associated with declined lung function, either in all adolescents or by sex. Furthermore, stratified analyses revealed that positive associations of OPEs metabolites with asthma tended to be stronger among adolescents with insufficient levels of Vitamin D (VD < 50 nmol/L), relatively high levels of total testosterone (≥356 ng/dL and ≥22.5 ng/dL for males and females, respectively), or low levels of estradiol (<19.1 pg/mL and <47.3 pg/mL for males and females, respectively). Certain urinary OPEs metabolites, especially DPHP and BCEP, were associated with elevated odds of asthma and declined lung function in adolescents. Such associations might be partly modified by levels of VD and sex steroid hormones. The observed associations of urinary OPEs metabolites with increased risk of asthma and declined lung function highlight the potential hazard of OPEs exposure to respiratory health among adolescents.

Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Oral Health

Normally, the body can produce vitamin D at sun exposure. Vitamin D plays a key role in bone and tooth mineralization, and when levels are unregulated it can lead to the “rachitic tooth”, which is a defective and hypomineralized organ highly susceptible to fracture and decay. The conditions like recurrent aphthous stomatitis, atrophic glossitis or a painful, burning tongue which is characterized by inflammation and defoliation of the tongue, are possibly caused by nutritional deficiencies such as vitamin B and iron deficiencies. The deficiency has been linked to a variety of diseases, including in the oral cavity. Inadequate sun exposure may accelerate the onset of these diseases since the synthesis of vitamin D is interrupted. Vitamin D not only benefits the overall health of oral cavity but is also associated with tooth mineralization. It can help to fight against inflammation and stimulate the production of antimicrobial peptides for immune response. Thus, in this paper, we will briefly discuss the origin of various oral diseases caused by insufficient level of vitamin D in the body and shed light on the potential benefits of safe sun exposure to maintain both oral and body health. Lack of vitamin D can lead to dental caries, and weak or brittle teeth that easily break, chip, and crack. Their inadequacy leads to absorption impairment, increased bleeding tendency, bone resorption, looseness, and premature tooth loss. Inadequacy of those essential minerals is associated with delayed tooth eruption and with enamel or dentin hypoplasia.

Vitamin D Insufficiency is Associated with Higher Incidence of Dementia, a Large Community-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

Active metabolite of vitamin D has neuro-immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties. However, there is still a debate about the potential association between low serum levels of hydroxy-vitamin D and increased risk for dementia. To determine an association between hypovitaminosis D and dementia for different 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) serum level cutoffs. Patients were identified utilizing the database of Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest healthcare provider in Israel. For each subject, all available values of 25(OH)D during the study period, which lasted from 2002 to 2019, were obtained. Rates of dementia were compared across different cutoffs of 25(OH)D levels. Cohort included 4278 patients, of whom 2454 (57%) were women. The mean age at the beginning of follow-up was 53 (±17). During the 17-year study period, a total of 133 patients (3%) were diagnosed with dementia. In a fully adjusted multivariate analysis, the risk for dementia was almost 2-fold higher in patients with an average of vitamin D insufficiency (<75nmol/l) measurements (OR = 1.8, 95% C.I. = 1.0-3.2) compared to reference values (≥75nmol/l). Patients with vitamin D deficiency (<50nmol/l) demonstrated higher rates of dementia (OR = 2.6, 95% C.I. = 1.4-4.8). In our cohort, patients were diagnosed with dementia at a younger age in the deficiency (77 vs. 81 P-value = 0.05) and the insufficiency groups (77 vs. 81 P-value = 0.05) compared to the reference values (≥75nmol/l). Insufficient levels of vitamin D are associated with dementia. Dementia is diagnosed at a younger age in patients with insufficient and deficient vitamin D levels.

Vitamin D deficiency in persons over 50 years of age with and without carotid artery atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional outpatient study

Highlights. The association between vitamin D levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate and triglyceride levels was revealed in people with cardiovascular risk factors aged older than 50 years. Vitamin D deficiency was more frequently noted in patients with acute coronary syndrome. They also were more likely to have abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, indicating the association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome. The high prevalence of both vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome in the population necessitates further larger-scale studies to identify the relationship between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular risk factors.Aim. To assess the level of vitamin D in people older than 50 years with the presence/ absence of carotid artery atherosclerosis.Methods. The single-stage observational study was conducted, the study included 70 outpatients over 50 years of age, of which 17 (24%) were men and 53 (76%) were women. The mean age of the patients was 66 (60; 72) years. All examined patients underwent history taking, anthropometry, biochemical examination of blood plasma with the determination of lipid spectrum, glucose, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate, echocardiographic examination. The presence of carotid atherosclerosis was determined by ultrasound examination of the carotid arteries. The study of the level of 25-OH vitamin D in blood serum was carried out by enzyme immunoassay (25-OH vitamin D ELISA).Results. It was found that about half (46%) of the examined persons have insufficient levels of vitamin D in the blood plasma, while its deficiency (less than 20 ng/mL) was determined in 9% of patients. Individuals with carotid atherosclerosis had slightly lower levels of vitamin D than those without it, but the differences did not reach statistical significance. In acute coronary syndrome survivors, there was a statistically significant decrease in vitamin D levels, the vast majority of these patients had diabetes mellitus and abdominal obesity. Statistically significant moderate relationships were found between vitamin D levels and triglyceride levels (r = –0.33; p&lt;0.05) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.26; p&lt;0.05), which confirms the association of vitamin D deficiency with metabolic syndrome. No statistical regularity was found between the level of vitamin D and other laboratory biochemical parameters, as well as morphological changes in the heart and blood vessels.Conclusion. Insufficient content of vitamin D in blood plasma is more common in individuals with a history of acute coronary syndrome, among them diabetes mellitus and abdominal obesity are more often detected, which confirms the relationship of vitamin D deficiency with metabolic syndrome.

Vitamin D Status in Patients with Renal Disorders at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Patients with renal disorders often have insufficient levels of vitamin D. One of the key enzymes involved in activating vitamin D, 1-α hydroxylase, is present in the kidneys. As a result, patients with kidney diseases are more susceptible to developing vitamin D deficiency, which can increase mortality and morbidity in these patients. Additionally, variations in lifestyle and culture can contribute to geographical differences in baseline serum vitamin D levels. Aim: To evaluate and compare serum vitamin D levels in patients with various renal disorders. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry at the KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research Centre in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India from August 2018 to August 2019. Data from 269 patients were collected from the Medical Records Department (MRD) using a predefined data collection tool. All patients with renal disease, regardless of disease severity, who had serum vitamin D levels measured during the study period were included. The collected data included age, gender, height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), dietary history, diagnosis, serum vitamin D3 levels, and serum creatinine levels. The data were statistically analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Among the study participants, 148 were males and 121 were females, with a mean age of 54.12±17.43 years. The mean vitamin D3 level in the study population was 20.8 ng/mL. The mean serum creatinine and urea levels were 2.2±1.1 mg/ dL and 63.2±42.1 mg/dL, respectively. The mean estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) was 41.4±25.34 ml/min/1.73 m2. The mean serum calcium, phosphate, and uric acid levels were 5.8±2.65 mg/dL, 2.16±0.87 mg/dL, and 3.6±2.3 mg/dL, respectively. One-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in serum vitamin D3 levels among patients with different renal diseases (F=0.473, p=0.854). Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed no significant correlation between serum vitamin D3 levels and any other parameters. Conclusion: In present study, only 23% of patients had vitamin D levels within the normal reference range, 22% had insufficient vitamin D levels, and 55% had vitamin D deficiency. No significant difference in vitamin D levels was observed among patients with different renal diseases.

Determination of vitamin D, iron and n-3 fatty acids in adolescents with different eating habits.

Proper eating habits ensure human health, so it is important to eat a balanced diet and learn the basics of proper eating from an early age. Adolescence is considered very important period for maintaining good health in terms of nutrition. In the study, we monitored the eating habits of 182 adolescents aged 14-19 years with different eating habits (73 vegetarians and 109 nonvegetarians) using a questionnaire on nutrition and determination of selected blood parameters - vitamin D, iron and n-3fatty acids. Insufficient levels of vitamin D were determined in the whole group of adolescents, regardless of eating habits. Low iron concentrations negatively affect the biosynthesis of long-chain n-3 fatty acids, which was also reflected in our adolescents with alternative diets. Based on the obtained results, it is necessary to place emphasis on the composition of the diet in adolescent age.

Association of serum vitamin D levels and TaqIrs731236 among patients with hypertensive coronary heart disease

The development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is influenced through multiple risk factor and hypertension. It may increase the risk of cardiac events, and has a significant impact when combined with other risk factors including low levels of vitamin D and genetic variations like single nucleotide variations (SNV) (TaqIrs731236) in vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. Blood samples from 500 study participants gathered including 250 hypertensive coronary heart disease patients, 250 age and gender matched healthy controls. To isolate genomic DNA, conventional salting out procedure used followed by amplification of targeted variations through Amplification Refractory Mutation System- Polymerase Chain Reaction (ARMS-PCR) Assay. The amplicon consists of 148 base pairs which was visualized on 2 % agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed by DNA sequencing. The compared clinical parameters including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), cholesterol, triglycerides found significantly different among patients when compared with controls (P < 0.001). The Vitamin D exhibited insufficient levels at different stages of hypertension which were statistically, found significantly associated among patients with hypertensive coronary heart disease showing compared to controls (P < 0.001). The genotype association SNV (TaqIrs731236) T > C showed significant association with hypertensive coronary heart disease compared to healthy controls (Chi-Square χ2 = 60.75 and P < 0.00001). Further, the odds ratio of allelic association for risk allele (C) showed the strength of association with risk of disease, which increases by 2.02 times(P = 0.01). The results suggest that (TaqIrs731236) T > C as genetic predisposition factor, may contribute to develop the risk of hypertensive coronary heart disease. Hypertension as a risk factor along with insufficient levels of vitamin D and SNV (TaqIrs731236) as genetic variations may have been an important contributor to disease risk of hypertensive coronary heart disease.

A cross sectional study of vitamin D status of 5-18 years children in a tertiary care of hospital

High prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency has been reported in pediatric population from different parts of the country. However, this study investigated the prevalence and risk factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in children. To assess the serum Vitamin D level and also to find out the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among children and adolescents in Gwalior, a major northern city of Madhya Pradesh. Cross sectional descriptive study The serum 25(OH)D levels of 258 children from age five to below 18 years, attending the out-patient clinics of the hospital were analyzed from June 2021 to Dec 2021. Data being non-parametric was presented as median and interquartile range. The group differences were computed by Mann Whitney U test. A p value &amp;#60; 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. 60% of the study population had insufficient levels of Vitamin D, with girls having significantly lower levels of serum vitamin D. Only 27% of adolescents had optimum level of serum Vitamin D. A high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and Vitamin D deficiency was found among the children living in the urban and sub urban areas of Gwalior city in northern Madhya Pradesh India.

Micronutrients Deficiencies in Candidates of Bariatric Surgery: Results from a Single Institution over a 1-Year Period

BackgroundMicronutrient deficiencies represent a common condition after bariatric surgery (BS). The prevalence of these nutritional disorders before BS is still debated. The aim of our study was to retrospectively evaluate the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in candidates for BS.MethodsA prospectively maintained database of our institution was searched to find all patients who underwent surgery between January and December 2021. The following data were collected: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), obesity-associated diseases, and preoperative serum levels of vitamin B12, folate, and vitamin D.ResultsA total of 174 patients were included in our study. Mean age and BMI were 39.2 ± 11.4 years and 44.3 ± 7.1 kg/m2, respectively. One hundred and thirty-nine patients (79.9%) had at least one preoperative micronutrient disorder, with vitamin D deficiency being the most common (116, 66.7%), followed by a deficit of folate (76, 43.7%) and vitamin B12 (10, 5.7%). Forty-seven (27%) individuals had insufficient levels of vitamin D. Comparison of deficiencies between sexes showed that vitamin B12 < 20 ng/ml was significantly more frequent in women (p = 0.03). DLP showed a mild significant effect on folate levels (p = 0.01), while the association of HNT and T2DM had a mild significant effect on vitamin B12 (p = 0.02).ConclusionsPreoperative micronutrient deficiencies were frequently found in candidates for BS. Approximately 90% of patients had deficient or insufficient serum levels of vitamin D preoperatively. Almost half of the patients had a preoperative deficit of folate, and vitamin B12 deficiency was significantly more frequent in the female population. It is mandatory to screen all patients undergoing BS for vitamin deficiencies before surgery.

Relationship of vitamin D levels with clinical presentation and recurrence of BPPV in a Southeastern United States institution

To examine the relationship of 25hydroxyvitamin D serum levels with BPPV incidence and recurrence rates. A retrospective cross-sectional, case-controlled study with follow-up phone survey was performed on patients diagnosed with BPPV between 05/2017-05/2020, who had available 25hydroxyvitamin D serology. Patients were seen at a multidisciplinary, vestibular-focused, neurotology clinic at a tertiary referral center. Controls consisted of subjects from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and a locoregional age, sex, and race-matched group of patients from our institution. Our BPPV cohort consisted of 173 patients (mean age 66.2 ± 11.8 years), who were predominately female (75.7%) and Caucasian (76.3%). Almost all age subgroups (BPPV, NHANES, and locoregional groups) ≤60 years old had insufficient levels of vitamin D. However, the overall BPPV cohort had a significantly higher vitamin D level than the NHANES control (31.4 ± 16.5 v. 26.0 ± 11.2 ng/mL, d=0.474 [0.323, 0.626]). There was no significant difference when compared to the overall locoregional control (31.4 ± 20.5 ng/mL). Migraines were significantly correlated to increased BPPV recurrence rates on univariate (beta=0.927, p=0.037, 95% CI: [0.057, 1.798]) and multiple regression analyses (beta=0.231, 95% CI: [0.024, 2.029], p=0.045). Furthermore, patients with BPPV recurrences had significantly lower levels of vitamin D at initial presentation when compared to patients with no recurrences (29.0 ± 12.0 v. 37.6 ± 18.3 ng/mL, d=0.571[0.139,1.001]). Many BPPV patients in our cohort had insufficient vitamin D levels, and patients with BPPV recurrences had insufficient and significantly lower vitamin D levels than those without. As a readily available and affordable supplement, vitamin D may be used as an adjunct treatment but prospective studies should be done to confirm if it can prevent or reduce recurrence.

Possible influences of vitamin D levels on sleep quality, depression, anxiety and physiological stress in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case control study.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D deficiency on sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and physiological stress in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We screened for COPD patients with normal (NorVD) (n=24) and insufficient (InsVD) (n=7) vitamin D levels. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), the Beck depression inventory (BDI) and the Baevsky’s stress index were used for the sleep and psychometric evaluation. The evaluation of sleep quality by PSQI showed that NorVD individuals had higher duration and quality of sleep when compared with the InsVD group. Additionally, the group InsVD presented higher risk of developing sleep quality (OR=6.20; 95% CI=1.334, 29.013; p=0.009). BDI was higher in the InsVD, and this group had a higher risk of developing moderate and severe depression (OR=3.37; 95% CI=0.895, 12.722; p=0.03). The stress index indicated higher values in the InsVD in relation to the NorVD group (InsVD=24±0.8 vs. NorVD=16±0.9), and the group InsVD showed higher risk of developing high and very high physiological stress (OR=7.70; 95% CI=1.351, 43.878; p=0.01). The stress and sleep quality effects were negatively correlated with vitamin D levels. Insufficient levels of vitamin D negatively affect sleep quality and psychometric variables.

THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION MARKERS IN INFANTS WITH BRONCHIOLITIS

Introduction. It is quite important to study the markers of allergic inflammation depending on the status of vitamin D in order to understand the pathogenetic links of bronchiolitis in infants.Aim of study. Analysis of the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and indicators of allergic inflammation (eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and IgE) in infants with bronchiolitis.Materials and methods. A clinical examination of 55 infants was conducted. The main group consisted of 25 children with bronchiolitis who had a history of allergies. The comparison group consisted of 20 children with bronchiolitis without a burdensome allergy history. The control group included 10 relatively healthy children. The mean age of children in the main group was 7.2 ± 1.4 months, 6.4 ± 1.2 months in the comparison group, and 9.2 ± 1.6 months in the control group.Results of the study. It was found that the duration of hospital stay in children of the main group was 8.2 ± 1.32 days, while in children of the comparison group the duration of stay in hospital was significantly shorter (p &lt;0.05). We found a significant difference in the indicators of allergic inflammation that depended on the status of vitamin D in the examined children. Thus, in children with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, a marked increase in ECP (56.3 ± 12.8 ng / ml) and total IgE levels to 127.5 ± 3.12 IU / ml was found compared to the same indicators as in children of the main group with the optimal level of 25 (OH) D, and in children of the comparison group, p˂0,001. It should be noted that the rate of allergic inflammation marker ECP in children of the comparison group with deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D in serum also had a significant difference when compared with infants of the control group, p˂0.05. Conclusions. In children with bronchiolitis, obtained history of allergies and insufficient levels of vitamin D and its insufficiency, the severity of the disease is manifested by a longer duration of clinical symptoms and hospital stay. Eosinophilic cationic protein can be considered as a marker of allergic inflammation in infants with bronchiolitis.

Association between vitamin D, &lt;i&gt;VDR&lt;/i&gt; polymorphism and IVF outcomes

Aim. To analyze the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles in patients with different levels of vitamin D.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The study included 100 infertile patients who applied for ART. Vitamin D levels were determined by mass spectrometry. The VDR polymorphism was evaluated using real-time PCR.&#x0D; Results. 50% of patients (n=50) had a sufficient level of vitamin D (group 3), 36% of patients (n=36) had an insufficient level of vitamin D (group 2), 14% of patients (n=14) had a deficiency of vitamin D (group 1). The level of vitamin D was not associated neither with baseline patients characteristics nor with embryological stage of the cycle. The clinical pregnancy rate was lower in the group 1 (vitamin D deficiency), but the difference was not significant. There was a trend to an increase of miscarriage rate in the groups of patients with vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency: 66.7% in group 1, 26.3% in group 2, and 13.6% in group 3. The live birth rate was higher in the groups of patients with normal and insufficient levels of vitamin D compared with the group of vitamin D deficiency: 46.0 and 38.9% compared to 7.1%, p=0.0821. In multivariate analysis clinical pregnancy rate was influenced by vitamin D deficiency and the genetic characteristics of the VDR gene: the presence of the G allele (FOKI-rs2228570).&#x0D; Conclusion. The vitamin D deficiency impairs the effectiveness of ART cycles.

Relation Between Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo and Vitamin D Deficiency.

The aim of this study is to establish a relationship between vitamin D levels and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and its recurrence; and to evaluate the remedial effect of vitamin D on BPPV. In a pilot study, 40 patients with clinically diagnosed posterior canal BPPV were evaluated, treated and were followed up for a period of 6months at ENT Department of Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur. All the patients with clinical diagnosis of posterior canal BPPV were tested for 25(OH)D levels at their 1st visit. Patients were divided in two groups after appropriate matching. Group A was given vitamin D supplementation along with canal repositioning manoeuvre (CRM) and group B were only treated by canal repositioning manoeuvre. Patients underwent neuro-otological assessment during follow up visits and recurrent attacks were recorded. This study was conducted on 40 patients with BPPV (26 females and 14 males). The average age was 50years. Average serum of 25(OH)D at the first visit was (12.2ng/ml) for group A, and (12.4ng/ml) for group B, all patients had low serum level of 25(OH)D (below 20ng/ml). Recurrent BPPV episodes, were significantly lower in group A than that of group B. We second the hypothesis that the patients with BPPV who have insufficient levels of Vitamin D may benefit from vitamin D supplementation and we suggest further epidemiological and pharmacological studies to detect the effect of vitamin D deficiency on development and recurrence of vertigo.

Vitamin D status of children at a tertiary care hospital of Agartala, North-east India: A cross-sectional study

CONTEXT: High prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been reported in the pediatric population from the different parts of the country. However, there is a lacuna of data on the Vitamin D status of children from the north-eastern part of the country.AIMS: The aim of this study is to assess the serum Vitamin D level and also to find out the prevalence of VDD among children and adolescents in Agartala, a major city in North-east India.SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The serum 25 (OH) D levels of 258 children from age 1 to below 18 years, attending the outpatient clinics of the hospital were analyzed from June 2020 to June 2021.STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data being nonparametric was presented as median and inter quartile range. The group differences were computed by the Mann–Whitney U-test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Sixty percentage of the study population had insufficient levels of Vitamin D, with girls having significantly lower levels of serum Vitamin D. Only 27% of adolescents had optimum level of serum Vitamin D.CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of Vitamin D insufficiency and VDD was found among the children living in the urban and sub urban areas of Agartala city in North-east India.

The Association between Vitamin D3 and Ca levels with Diabetes Type one

50 patients and 30 healthy controls in different gender are roughly selected in wide range of age between (18-80 years), taken from different private laboratories in Baghdad through the period (2021-2022). They were separated into two groups (male 39– female 11(patients)) (male 17- female 13) control and applied a vitamin D test and Ca level. This study is designed to investigate the possible association between Ca and Vit D3 levels and diabetes type one patient. A highly significant difference between the patient and healthy control in low Ca levels (p-value 0.0084 **) A highly significant difference between the patient and healthy control in normal Ca levels (p- value 0.0097 **) while no significant difference when the Ca level is high (p-value 0.894 NS). No significant difference between the patient and healthy control in Vit D3 deficiency group (p-value 0.083 NS) while there is a significant difference between the patient and healthy control in Vit D3 insufficient group (p- value 0.0392 *) while there is no significant difference in Suboptimal vit D3 level group (p-value 00.602 NS). Also there is no significant difference in optimal vit D3 level group (p-value 0.907 NS). The conclusion of this study suggests that Men may be more likely than women to develop type 1 diabetes within the area from which the samples were collected depending on the results. Smoking may also be an influential factor, regardless of gender. But also non-smoking people have the condition. Blood pressure was not a significant factor in this study. People with diabetes tend to have lower levels of calcium in their bodies than normal people. They also have insufficient levels of vitamin D compared to normal people.

Body mass index and vitamin D as risk factors for the development of uterine leiomyomas in Mexican women

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine if body mass index and vitamin D levels are risk factors for the development of uterine leiomyomas in Mexican women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed. Inclusion criteria were women between 20 and 55 years with a suspect of uterine leiomyomas. Transvaginal ultrasonography was made to confirm the diagnosis and clinical variables were collected. Vitamin D levels were measured in serum by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Binary linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the predictors of uterine leiomyomas. Results: A total of 106 patients were evaluated, the mean age was 41.4 ± 8.0 years. The serum levels of vitamin D were insufficient in 94 (88.7%) and 82 (77.3%) has overweight or obesity. However, only 50 (47.2%) of participants have a diagnostic of uterine leiomyomas. BMI not increased the probability of having insufficient levels of vitamin D or uterine leiomyomas. Only, age (&gt; 45 years) and levels of vitamin D (&lt;30 ng/mL) were predictors of uterine leiomyomas (OR 10.345, 95% CI 2.737–39.095; p = 0.001; and OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.011–5.073; p = 0.014), respectively. Conclusions: Insufficient levels of vitamin D are common in Mexican women. Age and hypovitaminosis D are possible risk factors in the development of uterine leiomyomas in Mexican women.

Evaluation of vitamin D status and depression in thyroid patients referred to Yazd Diabetes Center clinic in 2020

Introduction: Vitamin D is a hormonal precursor that in addition to known roles, may have an important effect on mental disorders such as depression. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the extent of vitamin D deficiency and depression and their relationship in thyroid patients referred to The clinic of Yazd Diabetes Center has been performed. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional-analytical study that was performed on 150 thyroid patients referred to the Yazd Diabetes Center Clinic. Results: In this study, 150 thyroid patients including 55 men and 11. women with a mean age of 41.40± 7.61years participated. The mean score of Beck depression among these patients was 28.71± 8.34 .The mean level of vitamin D in these patients was 20.58 ± 7.21 ng / ml so that a total of 85% of thyroid patients were in the group of insufficient levels of vitamin D. A significant negative correlation was observed between depression score and serum vitamin D levels (r = -0.79 and p &lt;0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a high prevalence of depression and vitamin D deficiency in thyroid patients. Another finding of this study was the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and depression, so that the less vitamin D in the body, the lower the rate of depression in The person becomes more. The use of vitamin D supplements in the treatment of thyroid patients with depression, as a clinical trial, can be a good solution in the treatment of patients.

Evaluation of the Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Atherogenic Factors in Diabetic Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome includes a range of disorders that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. In this study, we examined the serum level of vitamin D3 in diabetic individuals with metabolic syndrome compared with non-diabetic individuals without metabolic syndrome and the association of serum vitamin D3 levels with metabolic syndrome and atherogenic factor (LDL/HDL). Material and Methods: In a case-control study, we included 110 women with metabolic syndrome according to ATP III criteria and 127 healthy women as a control group. Serum concentration of total cholesterol, LDL-C, FBS, HDL-C and serum triglyceride determined by enzymatic method and colorimetric and, serum level 25-(OH) vitamin D determined by ELISA. Results: It was found that the two healthy and metabolic groups were significantly different in terms of total cholesterol levels, LDL and triglyceride levels, HDL, VLDL, FBS, atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) and vitamin D levels (p&lt;0.05). All participants in the control group and the patient and the whole study population were divided into two categories of insufficient and sufficient based on their measured serum concentrations of 25-(OH) vitamin D. There was a significant difference between the group with insufficient levels of vitamin D in comparison with the group with sufficient levels of vitamin D in terms of total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride levels, HDL, VLDL, FBS and atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) (p=0.000). Conclusion: The present results showed that there is a significant relationship between level 25-(OH) D and atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) and the incidence of metabolic syndrome.

Assessment of 25(OH)D status in patients with genital endometriosis and clinical efficacy of cholecalciferol in the treatment of the disease

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the 25(OH)D status in patients with genital endometriosis compared to the control group and to analyze the clinical efficacy of cholecalciferol implication as a combined targeted therapy of the disease.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: The main group included 440 patients with genital endometriosis (mean age 33.75.8 years) with various degrees of disease prevalence. The control group consisted of 30 women with the normal ovulatory menstrual cycle (mean age 26.33.1 years) in whom gynecological pathology was not revealed. Peripheral blood (PB) 25(OH)D level was assessed in all the participants included into the study. In 49 women from the main group, the level of 25(OH)D in the peritoneal fluid (PF) was determined. Comparative evaluation of the clinical efficacy of cholecalciferol intake in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (aGnRH) 3.75 mg injections or with dienogest 2 mg oral administration, as well as monotherapy in comparison with standard hormone-modulating treatment was carried out. Prior to the start of treatment, the patients had pain syndrome of varying severity, which was evaluated using the McGill Pain Questionnaire with the Visual Analogue Scale for pain. The psycho-emotional status was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The Excel, Statistica 10, and Jamovi software programs were used to process the obtained data.&#x0D; RESULTS: The level of 25(OH)D in PB of patients with endometriosis was significantly lower compared to the control group (p 0.001). Women with Grades III and IV genital endometriosis were characterized by lower PB 25(OH)D levels compared to the patients with Grades I and II of the disease, but the difference was not statistically significant. Relationships were revealed between 25(OH)D levels in the PB and PF (p 0.001), as well as PF 25(OH)D level and the disease prevalence (p = 0.004). Significantly more pronounced pain reduction and stabilization of the psycho-emotional status were observed in patients receiving combined therapy with cholecalciferol.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: Insufficient level of vitamin D and vitamin D deficiency can be considered as factors that play a role in the progression of genital endometriosis. The use of cholecalciferol in combination with aGnRH 3.75 mg or dienogest 2 mg may more effectively reduce the severity of pain and stabilize the psycho-emotional status in patients with genital endometriosis compared to standard hormone-modulating therapy.