Instruments Of Influence Research Articles

"INVESTOR RELATIONS КАК НЕОБХОДИМОЕ УСЛОВИЕ РАЗВИТИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОГО БИЗНЕСА" - ТЕМА МЕЖВУЗОВСКОГО МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОГО КРУГЛОГО СТОЛА, ПРОВЕДЕННОГО КАФЕДРОЙ МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТА ИНСТИТУТА ЭКОНОМИКИ, УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ПРАВА РГГУ 25 ФЕВРАЛЯ 2021 Г.

The topic of the round table “Investor relations as a necessary condition for the development of modern business” attracted increased attention of specialists in connection with the aggravation of the investments attracting issue during the economic crisis provoked by the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time that interest reflects yet more fundamental factors – first of all, accelerated virtualization of economic life. It is not just about developing mechanisms for adapting to cyclical difficulties, but also developing new approaches in connection with the advancement of new investment priorities in the global economy. Now the most attractive projects for investors will be projects that meet the criteria of the environmental friendliness, social orientation and transparency in business management. At the same time, it does not only mean a sharp turn from the already established areas of interaction between companies and investors, but, on the contrary, requires the mobilization of all possible instruments of influence on investors within the framework of the already traditional areas of cooperation.

Institutional mechanisms for improving the quality of life of the population in the context of the information society development.

The purpose of the study is to develop institutional approaches to managing the quality of life of the population in the Republic of Kazakhstan. To achieve the goal of the study, there is carried out a theoretical and methodological substantiation of institutional mechanisms for improving the quality of life of the population in the work. Along with indicators for assessing the effectiveness of institutions, it is proposed to use additional criteria that reflect specific rules for the functioning of institutions. Institutions and their instruments of influence on the quality of life of the population are systematized. At the same time, the main attention in the article is paid to the study of the role of the state in regulating the quality of life of the population. The components of the system of state regulation of the quality of life are shown, its main mechanisms are described. To assess the social policy in the field of improving the quality of life of the population, an analysis of state programs and strategies was carried out. To fill the identified «gaps», proposals, priorities and prerequisites of institutional mechanisms for improving the quality of life of the population of Kazakhstan, adapted to modern conditions, were developed and substantiated. The results of the study can be used by the relevant government bodies in the process of improving legislation in the field of implementing the social policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as by scientists, doctoral students and undergraduates engaged in researching the problems of improving the quality of life in Kazakhstan.

MOTIVATIONAL MECHANISM OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEES IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE

MOTIVATIONAL MECHANISM OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEES IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE

Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski w kontekście neoimperialnej polityki Rosji oraz współpracy europejskiej i transatlantyckiej: Polska jako hub gazowy

The aim of the article is to analyse Poland’s energy security in the context of Russia’s neo-imperial policy, treating energy carriers as an instrument of influence and dependence of states, and to rebuild its international position. In line with the geopolitical approach, limiting the energy dependence of Central and Eastern Europe on Russia has not only a purely economic dimension, but concerns the geostrategic future of the European continent and the type of international order to be developed in Europe and in the transatlantic area. Poland’s gas strategy is a case study. Poland decided to finish the contract for the purchase of natural gas from Russia by December 31, 2022. Poland, striving to meet the growing needs for natural gas, undertakes actions aimed at diversifying sources and directions of supplies. Particular emphasis is placed on the concept of Poland as a gas hub developed within the framework of the Three Seas Initiative and a desire to prevent Russia and Germany from building the Nord Stream II pipeline, a project, which is in Poland’s opinion, contradictory with the aim to ensure Europe’s energy security.

Operating relations in the post-industrial and transitive economy

The paper is devoted to an in-depth study of the capitalist private property of adherents of various currents and schools. It is emphasized that the internal contradictions of private property, which are concentrated in the relations of exploitation, are actively studied by the authors of neoliberalism, neo-institutionalism, and analytical Marxism. The paper shows that most of the works of Western scholars deny the phenomenon of economic exploitation in the post-industrial model of capitalism. The conclusions of domestic scholars about the absence of economic and non-economic coercion to work of hired workers in debilitated, transitive economies are criticized. Based on the theoretical analysis of works devoted to the objective study of new aspects of the relationship between employers and employees, the existence of such non-economic forms of exploitation is proven: psychological, political, axiological, social. The paper considers the main tools of non-economic exploitation, which include euphemisation and speculation in the interests, motives, feelings, consciousness, preferences and even passions of people. The consequences of euphemisation and speculation as tools of non-economic coercion to work, excessive consumption, the introduction of consumerist psychology are revealed. The economic purpose of the most popular socio-political technologies for manipulating the conscious and subconscious behavior of society, groups, individuals in the interests of the ruling classes is clarified. It is shown that these instruments of influence are actively used in various national models of capitalism. The mechanism of total manipulation of behavior, consciousness, psychology of people who are involved in the processes of production, marketing and consumption is considered. It is shown that total manipulation includes a set of non-economic forms of influence on people's decision-making, beneficial to the state, direct employers, financial and commercial structures not only nationally but also globally.

Green Economy in Sustainable Development and Improvement of Resource Efficiency

In the expansion of volumes of industrial production, there is an increase of anthropogenic influence and deterioration of the external environment that became the reason for the impossibility of a functioning market system without taking into account negative externalities. The article considers the directions and principles of a “green economy” functioning as the basis for further development of society. The current state and trends of the impact of environmental factors on other indicators of quality of life have been analysed and comparative analysis has been made on the example of developed and developing countries. Effective indices and instruments of influence on the level of ecological and economic development and main tendencies and problems arising at the introduction of “green economy”, have been considered. The use of indicators that take into account negative externalities, such as the Pigouvian tax, has been demonstrated to be more visible than widely used indices. The losses from the negative impact on the resulting economic indicators have been analysed, and a significant decrease in the per capita GDP level has been proved with the extensive development of the economy.Implications for Central European audience: This paper aims to contribute to the development of a green economy as part of a policy aimed at reducing environmental risks in the process of economic growth. The proposed indicators and tools for influencing the level of environmental and economic development arising from the implementation of the “green economy” as the main vector of sustainable development, which can be used further research and development and can be implemented by European companies.

ПРОЦЕС ФОРМУВАННЯ ІМІДЖУ ТРАНЗИТИВНИХ ДЕМОКРАТІЙ: ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ВПЛИВУ НА ЦІЛЬОВУ АУДИТОРІЮ

утрішньому та зовнішньому середовищах. Досліджуються технології впливу політичних інститутів на суспільство (цільову аудиторію) в середині держави та за її межами у процесі формування іміджу транзитивних демократій. Пояснюється специфіка формування інформаційного масиву для транзитивних демократій в рамках впливу на внутрішню та зовнішню цільову аудиторію. Визначаються найбільш ефективні технології впливу на суспільство для політичних інститутів транзитивних демократій.

The organizational and economic components of investment support in agricultural enterprises activity

In this article we systematized the components of organizational and economic support of investment activity in agricultural enterprises as structured system of goal-oriented system for capitalization and modernization of production potential.The concept of investment and investment process in agricultural production was specified, their features in the researched branch were defined. The author considers the development of investment activity of the enterprise as a qualitative evolution, which involves modernization, renewal of production capacity, increasing its productivity and is accompanied by dynamic changes in significant parameters of the enterprise.It was proposed to consider the system of mutually agreed instruments of influence on the participants of the investment process under the organizational and economic support of investment activity in agricultural enterprises, which promote harmonization of their economic interests and ensure growth of its value (capitalization) and qualitative improvement of production potential. The following elements were pointed out as components of organizational and economic support of investment activity in agricultural enterprises: object and subject; goals and management tasks; criterion of efficiency; methods and tools of regulation which are implemented in the form of tools (levers). The criterion of the organizational levers block efficiency of investment support system was substantiated - growing dynamics of investment intakes at constant preservation of all participants interests and economic levers - positive influence on set of industrial, economic, ecological and social relations at the enterprise level.It was highlighted that in order to increase the effectiveness of organizational and economic support components of agricultural enterprises investment activities, it is advisable to take into account the economic interests of all its participants. It was offered to consider as the main efficiency criterion of organizational and economic support system in investment activity of agricultural enterprises to increase the value of the enterprise (capitalization) and qualitative improvement of production potential, which will strengthen the competitive position in target markets.The functions of the components of organizational and economic support of investment activity: motivational, prohibitive and compensatory were systematized. Keywords: investment activity, organizational and economic tools, agricultural enterprises, subjects and objects of management.

To the question of the essence of financial law

The article discusses some issues of the essence of modern financial law, which, according to the author, remains unchanged, but is filled with new content, which is associated with constantly and rapidly changing social processes of digitalization of society, with all objectivity influencing the content and form of law in general and financial law in particular. The article emphasizes that these processes influence, but do not change the essence of financial law, since otherwise the social phenomenon itself — the law changes. The article analyzes the main essential features of financial law in their unity, interconnection and interaction, taking into account filling them with new content and emphasizing the inviolability and fundamental nature of the legal foundations of modern society, the need for continuous improvement of legal regulation as the most effective and fair instrument of influence on social processes.

Банковское регулирование, основанное на постоянной посильности платежа для ипотечного заемщика

Mortgage lending plays a key role in providing citizens with housing. However, the processes of obtaining and servicing a mortgage loan are associated with the provision of a large number of interconnected finan-cial services, each of which requires a quality relationship with the consumer. The article proposes to discuss a number of basic indicators and approaches to increase the protection of financial services consumers in mortgage lending, as well as instruments of influence on financial organizations providing such services. In particular, it is proposed to fix the numerical value of the maximum debt burden on the borrower as an indicator of a sustainable mortgage loan, as well as factors taken into account when calculating it at any time during the life of the loan, and not only at the time of its issuance.

Challenges of State Security through the Lens of ATO/JFO Literature

This article highlights the issue of national security through the lens of literature development. Since the information war has been going on against Ukraine for a long time, the instruments of influence on the consciousness of the population are constantly changing and the forms and methods of information dissemination are being improved, we decided to investigate the literary sources created during the Anti-terrorist Operation / Joint Forces Operation (further - ATO/JFO) period in order to highlight the trends of opinion formation. We used content analysis methods as a basis. The analyzed source base confirmed the thesis that fake and post-truth are artificially created and manipulative-imitation technologies that Putinists use for hybrid warfare. By imposing the post-truth era on the international community, the Kremlin regime creates a reality where emotions are dominated by facts. Thus, Russia's information strategy is based solely on the needs of the lower order.

Herring Trade, Quality Controls and Diplomacy in Cologne in the Fifteenth Century*

Abstract The importance of herring to Cologne’s medieval economy is well-known and the need to control the quality of this long-distance and perishable product has also been widely recognized. The interregional quality norms that Cologne negotiated with Low Countries fishing towns in 1481 have been neglected, however. This article offers the first reconstruction of the diplomatic process that led to the edict and an analysis of the motives that impelled the diverse stakeholders to reach an agreement. The article demonstrates that in addition to herring’s commercial significance, its quality control was a major issue and was used as an instrument of influence by Cologne and other powers in the politically decentralized Holy Roman Empire. Comprehensive analysis of Cologne’s abundant sources shows how exchanges of letters and complaints gradually fed into formal negotiations, culminating in the publication of a crucial edict that established an interregional quality control system and took account of the interests of the different stakeholders in the herring trade. The article suggests that this push for regulation was also an element of Cologne’s economic strategy since it helped justify the taxes the city levied on goods in transit at the expense of competing actors in the Rhine region. In short, the example of quality controls on herring shows how food trade studies can shed light on power relations in the Empire during the late Middle Ages.

The use of public service advertising for solving social problems

Modern society, whose typical features, among other characteristics, are the growth and development of the advertising industry, is more and more interested in public service advertising whose goal is to draw the attention of a wider audience to social problems. The result of public service advertising is the formation of certain moral and value attitudes. Advertising influences the consciousness of people by promoting a certain attitude to life and ensuring the relevance of moral and social values, as well as an active socio-political position. In general, public service advertising is regarded as a means of regulating social processes. Avoiding the extremes of coercion and indifference, public service advertising makes the individual focused on the problems that should be addressed. The research goal is to analyze the experience accumulated by government bodies regarding the use of public service advertising for solving social problems. Methodology. The study was conducted in 2019-2020 at Yelets State Ivan Bunin University (Lipetsk Region). The subject matter of the research was the population of the Lipetsk region (n=1200). The scope of the study was the use of public service advertising in the government activities and the attitude of the population to public service advertising. Results and their analysis. As an instrument of influence on public consciousness and a factor in the formation of certain behavioral models, public service advertising implies interaction among society, public organizations, business, and government bodies. It is a method of targeted impact on society aimed at solving social problems. The development of public service advertising is driven by the changing attitude to social problems, both by government bodies and people, most of whom consider public service advertising to be an effective tool for raising social problems and improving social behavior. Health and family remain important themes of public service advertising. By drawing attention to social phenomena and problems, public service advertising promotes humanity, law, and care in society. Focus on public order, protection of public and personal interests and civil rights increases legal awareness in society. There is still public demand for public service advertising that stimulates people’s interest in certain projects, programs, organizations, usually non-profit. Event advertising successfully informs the audience about upcoming festive events, historical dates, and strengthens common social memory. Public service advertising does not contradict basic social attitudes, and its study is useful for understanding and interpreting public consciousness.

Benchmarking as an instrument of marketing decisions

Practical principles of benchmarking weight as marketing instrument of influence on strategic decisions of business development are studied in the article. Peculiarities of application and place of the tool are revealed and substantiated from ensuring competitiveness in the marketing portfolio. There is the procedure of benchmarking, and subsequent benchmarking of the received strategic data about the positive or negative experience of the competitor, which significantly affects its competitiveness is considered.

SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES AS AN INSTRUMENT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL OF RUSSIA

The article considers an instrument of influence on the economic development of the Russian Federation in the form of creating special economic zones. The current state of Russian enterprises is described in terms of the theory of techno-economic paradigm. The problem of technological backwardness of Russia is revealed. In this regard, the authors consider special economic zones as an engine for the development of the Russian Federation. The principles of functioning of these zones are described, privileges for enterprises registered in the territory of special economic zones are listed. The types of zones are also characterized, among which four are distinguished by the legislation of Russia: industrial-production, technical-innovative, tourist-recreational and port. Examples are given for each type of special economic zone. The authors examined the stages of construction of these zones, and the legislation that determines their functioning. The article also provides an example of the Innopolis special economic zone: its specialization, what benefits it gives residents and what is located on its territory. The article’s conclusion provides a list of benefits that an enterprise can count on if it is registered as a resident in the territory of a special economic zone. It also proves the existence of a direct relationship between the effective functioning of special economic zones and the acceleration of the economic development of the state, which allows it to enter the next techno-economic paradigm.

ОГЛЯД МЕТОДИК СТРАТЕГІЙ ПОЗИЦІОНУВАННЯ ПРОВІДНИХ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ У МІЖНАРОДНОМУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ

У статті дано визначення поняття «стратегії позиціонування» та розглянуто конкретні розробки методик стратегій позиціонування провідних університетів у міжнародному інформаційному просторі науковцями. У науковому дослідженні автор розглянула розробки методик стратегій позиціонування підприємств з точки зору різних науковців. Ці розробки доцільно застосовувати для розробок стратегій позиціонування провідних університетів у міжнародному інформаційному просторі. Важливими методологічними аспектами є аналіз системи позиціонування ЗВО як інструмента впливу на різні сфери суспільства (політичну, економічну, соціальну та культурну сфери життєдіяльності тощо).На сучасному етапі розвитку країн є безліч методик підвищення конкурентоспроможності, а саме: модель Бостонської консультативної групи; модель М. Портера; метод «Мак-Кінзі»; модель Shell/DPM; метод LOTS; метод PIMS; ситуаційний аналіз (SWOT-аналіз); метод експертного оцінювання; модель Хофера/Шенделя; фінансово-економічний метод; метод картування стратегічних груп та інші.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE INFORMAL COMPONENT ON THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES

The article is dedicated to the topical issue of determining the place of informal component of management in ensuring the efficiency of the transformation process of the enterprise management structures. Generalization of theoretical and practical experience in the transformation of management structures allows to confirm that informal aspects are prominent in the process of the enterprise management, however, it is not reflected in the transformation of management structures. In particular, the current classification of informal relationships in the management process does not fully reflect their penetration into the system and management process, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the management structure, in the efficiency of transformation processes, the resistance of the management system of the transformation performed, and, accordingly, it reduces the overall efficiency of the enterprise management. Methodology. In the course of the research, the authors have used a wide range of general scientific methods, such as abstraction, deduction, induction, analysis and synthesis, modeling and systemic approach, to describe the informal component of management, to carry out its classification, as well as to identify models of the mechanism of transformation of management structures and transformation process. According to the results of the conducted research, it is proposed to supplement the existing classification of the informal component of management by taking into account such features as: effect, stability (duration of existence) and scale of distribution; it is also proposed to expand the content for the attributes of character and manifestations of interaction of formal and informal components. It is proved that informal relationships and connections should be taken into account at every stage of the process of transformation of the management structure. In particular, it is stated that the quality of the management structure, as one of the stages of the transfor-mation process, and the factors of influence on the enterprise in the aspect of functioning and transformation of its management structure, as a limitation of the transformation process, should be investigated, taking into account the classification features of the informal component. In this regard, it is proposed to supplement the existing aspects of the quality of management structures with an informal aspect and to determine the efficiency of the processes of transformation of management structures by the criteria of system resistance to change, resource mobilization, and independence of the management structure transformation group and the efficiency of transformation activities. It is determined that the system of interconnected elements, including methods, levers and instruments of influence, which in the process of interaction provide the realization of the task of transformation of the management structure, that is, determine the mechanism of transformation of management structures, occupies a prominent place in ensuring the efficiency of the transformation of management structures, as well as obtaining the desired result (effect) for the enterprise. The practical implication of the obtained results of the research is to ensure the increase of the level of quality of the management structure and the efficiency of transformation processes by taking into account the factor of informal relationships as an in-tegral attribute of the structure of the enterprise management. The use of certain components of the mechanism and stages of the process of transformation process of management structures will reduce the resistance of the enterprise personnel to change and will achieve the desired result (effect) for the enterprise.

Transnistria as an Instrument of Influence of the Russian Federation on the Security of Moldova in the Second Decade of the 21st Century—Selected Aspects

The aim of the articler is to analyze and characterize the influence of the Russian Federation on the security of Moldova through cooperation with the nonrecognized Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR). My research hypothesis is that the Russian Federation, through its multifaceted (time-varying) support to Transnistria, strengthens its pro-Russian character, thus making it an effective instrument for influencing Moldova's security. The research used methods characteristic for qualitative research, such as analysis and interpretation of documents of the Republic of Moldova and statements of leading Moldovan and Transnistrian politicians. The results of the research indicate that the Russian Federation's support of Transnistria with military and nonmilitary means in order to exert pressure on Moldova. The para-state is a convenient tool for influencing the shape of security policy created by Moldovan decision makers in order to undermine Moldova's aspirations to participate in Euro-Atlantic structures, for example, the European Union, and maintain it as part of Russia's traditional sphere of influence. The measures taken by the Russian side reduce Moldova's security, while posing a challenge to maintaining regional security in the long term.

THE THEORETICAL APPROACH TO THE FORMATION OF THE MECHANISM OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE POLICY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNAL MARKET OF INNOVATIVE GOODS IN UKRAINE

Topicality. The urgency of improving the mechanisms for implementing the state policy for the development of the internal market for innovative goods as a basis for the efficient use of innovative potential of technological entrepreneurship in Ukraine today is increasing due to the need to stimulate the entry into the national and global market of domestic technologies and knowledge-intensive products, ensuring the sustainability of technological entrepreneurship, which uses the knowledge and results obtained technologies for forming new products and services, which is positive change the structure of the national economy. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop a theoretical approach to the formation of the mechanism of implementation of the state policy for the development of the internal market for innovative goods in Ukraine in order to create favorable conditions for the fullest use of the innovative potential of technological entrepreneurship. Research results. The theoretical approach to the formation of the mechanism for the implementation of the state policy for the development of the internal market for innovative goods based on the systematic combination of information and process approaches, and as a complex mechanism that must include both the management mechanism (as an instrument of influence) and the interaction mechanism (as a tool for interaction of all sub market). Determined: purpose, methodological principles of mechanism construction (principle of adaptability: mechanism must respond quickly to changes in external and internal factors; principle of integrity: mechanism must have stable, long-lasting relationships that can withstand external and internal loads; principle of self-organization: providing opportunities for all subjects to choose and combine directions, forms of interaction, methods of solving problems, the principle of property protection: any property of all market actors, especially intellectual, must be protected; investment protection principle: investment in research, technological entrepreneurship, etc. of all market entities must be protected; the principle of manufacturability: the elements of the mechanism and their relationships must be built on innovation and information bases; the design principle: the decomposition of goals and their achievement in within the framework of projects (including national, regional, sectoral, etc.); principle of reconciliation of interests; and mechanism itself in the form of a holistic system that includes: object, center, algorithm, desired results, factors, assumptions, and elements that provide active feedback to the subjects and center. Conclusion. A promising application area for the implementation of the proposed theoretical approaches is to create, through the implementation of the proposed mechanism, favorable conditions for the fullest use of the innovative potential of technological entrepreneurship in Ukraine.

MECHANISM OF ENSURING ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY OF THE MANAGEMENT ENTERPRISE

Topicality. The activities of modern enterprises are characterized by a mismatch of environmental and economic interests, an inefficient policy in the field of environmental security, which leads to negative external and internal consequences. Therefore, tools need to be improved to ensure the environmental security of the enterprise. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions for the formation of a mechanism for ensuring environmental security of the enterprise. The objectives of the study are: to clarify the essence of environmental security, its mechanism of maintenance; definition of principles, criteria, prerequisites for the formation of a mechanism for ensuring environmental security; substantiation of the purpose, goals, functions, structure of this mechanism.
 Research results. Theoretical and methodological formation provisions of the mechanism of ensuring the ecological security of the enterprise, which consist in the refinement of such elements of methodology as basic theories and paradigms, approaches according to which the subject area, target orientations, subject-object structure, criteria, methods, determine the content content of the components of this mechanism. Determined the essence of the mechanism of ensuring the environmental security of the enterprise as a set of institutions, principles, levers, methods and instruments of influence to ensure such conditions of its (enterprise’s) functioning, which guarantee the achievement of economic and social development goals, prevent (minimize) destructive impact and preserve (improvement) of qualitative and quantitative parameters of the external environment of the enterprise. A functional approach to meaningful filling of the mechanism as a set of the following blocks has been developed: formation of institutional conditions for ensuring the environmental security of the enterprise; organizational and information analytical support; goal setting; substantiation of the strategic set of enterprise development; development of environmental policy; strategic planning; choice of instruments of legal, economic, technical, organizational character; control. Conclusion. Ensuring the ecological security of enterprises is possible only through the selection of such a set of effective instruments of influence on all processes and spheres of its activity within a single mechanism, which will allow timely identification and prevention of internal and external threats to the development of the enterprise, to realize the set goals without harming the environment.