Institution Website Research Articles

P-958. Leveling Up Education Interventions: Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention Education Through Gamification

Abstract Background Kaizen-Education is an app-based, formative question bank infused with gamification for a fun, yet competitive learning environment. This provides an engaging and flexible way to learn new competencies and test retention. Originally developed at University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), it has been used in multiple areas of medical education with high learner engagement. Optional participation, team-based competition, leaderboards, and prizes are game elements used to motivate completion of the formative questions. We created two educational games, one for UAB Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) and another for Infection Prevention (IP), to see if we could engage learners within the hospital system surrounding these topics. Methods For the IP game, infection preventionists developed questions for nursing staff. For the ASP game, ID pharmacists developed questions for providers. Both occurred within special weeks: National Nurses Week and U.S. Antibiotic Awareness Week. Recruitment strategies for both games included email invitations and peer-to-peer communication. Teams for the IP game were nursing units, while the ASP game allowed creation of teams of 4 providers. Winning teams were awarded prizes and were recognized via email, certificate, and highlighted on the institution's website. At the conclusion of the games, participants were invited to provide feedback through a post-game survey. Participant Survey Results Results 61 and 156 participants answered at least one question in the ASP and IP games respectively. Retention, defined as completing all questions, was 80% of players in ASP game and 69% in IP game. Across both games, 4,182 questions were answered representing unique teaching moments. Reviewing accuracy based of learning domains (Figure 1), we were able to identify knowledge gaps at our institution. Finally almost all learners who responded to feedback survey agreed the activity increased knowledge in relevant domains (Figure 2). Conclusion We found a group of both nurses and providers interested in participating in quality educational activities within Antibiotic Stewardship and Infection Prevention. Retention was high in those that began the activity. Finally, feedback from question performance could be used to identify knowledge gaps for future interventions. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

A Comparative Study of Access Analysis Service Utilization on Japanese Medical Institutions' Websites with GDPR-Compliant Cases.

The browsing history of a medical institution's website can potentially reveal or identify information about the health condition of the website visitor through browser cookies and fingerprints. In Japan, although the Personal Information Protection Law was revised in April 2022, the use of access analysis services to collect browsing history on medical institution websites has not been investigated. Therefore, this study investigates the actual usage of access analysis services on Japanese medical institution websites and compares it with the current situation in France, which follows the General Data Protection Regulation. The results revealed that the larger the size of the hospital, the higher the percentage of adoption of access analytics services in Japan. However, the implementation of a system for obtaining consent for the use of access analysis in Japan was found to be poor compared to that of French medical institutions. While access analysis tools are used in the websites of several medical institutions in Japan, the implementation of the process of obtaining consent to acquire browsing history is poor.

Is Program Director Gender Associated With Gender Diversity Among Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Programs?

Women remain underrepresented in leadership roles, faculty roles, and among residents in orthopaedic surgery. It has been suggested that having women in leadership positions in orthopaedic surgery may help to increase the gender diversity of residency programs. However, to our knowledge, no study has explored the relationship, if any, between the gender of the residency program director and the percentage of women in the residency program. (1) Is the program director's gender associated with differences in the percentage of women orthopaedic surgery residents? (2) Do women and men differ in the time to appointment of program director? A list of 207 orthopaedic surgery residencies was obtained from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) website for the academic year 2021 to 2022. The study excluded 6% (13) of programs; 4% (8) were those without ACGME accreditation and those with initial accreditation, and 2% (5) did not have updated 2021 to 2022 resident lists. Descriptive information on 194 programs was obtained from publicly accessible resources from July 2021 through July 2022. The institution's website and the American Medical Association's (AMA) Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) was used to collect residency program characteristics and resident demographics [ 2 ]. Doximity, Healthgrades, and LinkedIn were used to further collect current orthopaedic surgery residency program director demographics, including gender, age, and education/training history. To determine gender, photographs and pronouns (she/her/hers or he/him/hers) used in their biographies were used first. To confirm this, secondary sources were used including their NPI profile, which lists gender; Doximity; and their LinkedIn profile. Scopus was used to analyze research output by the program directors-using the Hirsch index (h-index) as the primary bibliometric metric. A total of 194 program directors were identified, of whom of 12% (23) were women and 88% (171) were men. Of the 4421 total residents among these programs, 20% (887) were women and 80% (3534) were men. A univariate analysis comparing program directors was conducted, with continuous variables analyzed using an independent-sample t-test and categorical variables analyzed using a Pearson chi-square test. With the numbers available, a post hoc statistical power calculation indicated that we could detect an 32% difference in the percentage of women in a program as significant with 80% power at the p < 0.05 level, whereas we might have been underpowered to discern smaller differences than that. With the numbers available, we found no difference in the percentage of women in residency programs run by women program directors than in programs in which the program director was a man (22% [125 of 558] versus 20% [762 of 3863], mean difference 2% [95% CI -1.24% to 7.58%]; p = 0.08). Comparing women to men program directors, women had fewer years between residency completion and appointment to the position of program director (8 ± 2 years versus 12 ± 7 years, mean difference 4 years [95% CI 2.01 to 7.93 years]; p = 0.02) and had a lower mean h-index (7 ± 4 versus 11 ± 11, mean difference 4 [95% CI 1.70 to 6.56]; p = 0.03) and number of publications (24 ± 23 versus 41 ± 62, mean difference 17 [95% CI 3.98 to 31.05]; p = 0.01), although they did not differ in terms of their advanced degrees, duration of training, or likelihood of having taken a fellowship. Orthopaedic residency programs that were run by women did not contain a higher percentage of women residents, suggesting that the gender of the individual in that role may not be as important as has been speculated by others. Future studies should investigate the intersectionality of gender, race, and ethnicity of residents, program directors, and current faculty. The fact that women were placed in program director roles earlier in career may also carry special jeopardy for them. Those roles are difficult and can impair a faculty member's ability to conduct individual research, which often is key to further academic promotions. Given that and the fact that the gender of the program director was not associated with differences in gender composition of residency programs, we believe that increasing mentorship and access to pipeline programs will help promote diversity in residency programs.

Website Quality Measurement of Educational Government Agency in Indonesia using Modified WebQual 4.0

This study aims to evaluate the quality of the Region III Higher Education Service Institution (RHSI3) website using the modified WebQual 4.0. This evaluation needs to be carried out to find out things that need to be improved on the website so that it can satisfy its users. Based on the evaluation results, it can be seen that the overall average score of the RHSI3 website measurement is 568.50 with an interpretation of 69.33%, so it is included in the Good criteria. There are six indicators that get a score above the average while there are four indicators that get a score below the average. The indicator that gets the highest score is the indicator about the simplicity of learning to operate the RHSI3 website. This indicator gets a score of 808 with an interpretation of 98.58%, so it is included in the Excellent criteria. The indicator that gets the lowest score is whether the website provides a space for the community. The indicator only gets a score of 216 with an interpretation of 26.34%, so it is included in the Bad criteria. To improve the quality of the website, it is necessary to improve several indicators that get a low score interpretation value, i.e., providing detailed information, a space for the community, and making it easier to communicate with organizations. From an academic point of view, this study contributes to the modifications of WebQual 4.0 as well as gives examples of how to use it. From a practical point of view, the results of this study can be a reference for RHSI3 website managers regarding things that need to be considered and improved to make their website quality better.

The Main Directions of Promotion of the Higher Education Institution Website in the Conditions of Digital Transformation of Society

The relevance of the paper is determined by aspects of digital transformation that are implemented in various spheres of life. Aspects of digitalization include the integration of digital information and communication technologies in activities, the use of artificial intelligence in the decision-making process, as well as the use of various sources of information on open resources.&#x0D; In this regard, to maintain the competitiveness of universities in the conditions of the digital transformation of society, the need for integration into the digital space and the possibility of maintaining the image by various online tools comes to the fore.&#x0D; The purpose of the present article is to present the main directions of promotion of the official website of the university in the web space in the conditions of digital transformation of society, disclosure of their essence and analysis of the need to attract the target audience.&#x0D; The methodology of the research is based on the general scientific and special methods of cognition such as analysis, synthesis, logical method, monitoring, and the method of visualization of the research results.&#x0D; The conclusions. The modern market of educational services is in the process of digital transformation. Ukraine strives to adapt the education system to European standards. The official website of the university serves as an important tool for strengthening its position in the market of educational services.&#x0D; The main stages of higher education institution site analysis are: preparation of information and analytical support; definition and study of the target audience; development and adoption of management decisions on optimization and promotion of the university website&#x0D; Particular emphasis should be placed on defining and correlating the needs of the target audience and using the main directions of promotion of the official website of the higher education institution: SEO optimization, the need for constant updating and updating of information, the need to fill the site with different types of content, the presence of links to authoritative sites, as well as the use of SMO principles (optimization in social media).

Factors Influencing Prospective Students to Join Higher Learning Institutions: Insights from Mbeya University of Science and Technology

The recent expansion of educational boundaries has created a competitive market, and higher learning institutions are resorting to digital marketing to reach out to prospective students. This study investigated the factors that affect potential students’ enrollment in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs). A sample size of 384 was used in the explanatory cross-sectional study design. We used both descriptive and inferential analyses. The results showed that students' education level and entry credentials were statistically significant at p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.01, respectively, while income level was statistically significant at p&lt;0.01. It was also discovered that the National Council for Technical and Vocational Education (NACTE), alumnae, the Tanzania Commission for Universities (TCU), and university websites were trustworthy sources of information. Therefore, academic level, entry qualification of the respective institution, NACTE, alumnae, TCU, and university website influence information search on HLI opportunities. It is suggested that HLIs make admission qualifications available to prospective candidates and commit to quality programmes and excellent services.

Medical Students' Perceptions of Orthopedics as a Career for Women.

To determine potential factors influencing female medical students' interest and subsequent application to orthopedics, and to evaluate female and male medical students' perceptions of women in the field of orthopedics. An institutional review board-approved survey was distributed in March 2020 and subsequently in April 2022 to medical students in the classes of 2023 and 2024 at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine. Study data were collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture. An e-mail link to the REDCap survey was sent to students across the southeast region of the United States, followed by three reminder e-mails. All 25 allopathic medical schools in the southeastern United States with an Orthopedics Interest Group listed on their institution's Web site were invited to participate in the study. Nine Orthopedics Interest Group leaders interested in participating were asked to provide the researchers with a list of fourth-year medical students who attended an event hosted by that group (215). A total of 39 respondents who completed the survey were included in this study. Overall, the majority of students (n = 35, 90%) believed that women faced more barriers to a career in orthopedics than did men. The most significant barriers to women entering the field of orthopedics were the perceived expectations of an orthopedic surgeon (n = 34, 87%), difficulty balancing career and family (n = 28, 72%), and demanding schedule (n = 13, 33%). This study demonstrates that both male and female medical students believe there are significant additional barriers to success for women in the field. Study participants report that expectations set by physicians, other healthcare professionals, and patients contribute to creating greater barriers that deter medical students interested in orthopedics from ultimately applying to the specialty.

Evaluation of readability of patient education materials on lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) from the top 25 orthopedic institutions

Lateral epicondylitis (LE), also known as "tennis elbow," is a common orthopedic tendinosis of the elbow that affects between 1% and 3% of the overall population. LE occurs due to overuse of the extensor mechanism or muscles of supination in the forearm. The National Institute of Health and the Center for Disease Control suggest that patient education materials (PEMs) be written at a 6th or 8th grade reading level, respectively; however, PEMs are often written far beyond these recommended reading levels. The goal of this study was to assess the readability level of PEMs published by some of the top orthopedic institutions throughout the United States. A list of the top 25 ranking orthopedic hospitals in the country was compiled using the 2022 U.S. News and World Report Best Hospitals Specialty Ranking. PEMs related to LE were cataloged from each institution's website, and readability levels for each PEM were measured using the http://www.readabilityformulas.com website. This software analyzes readability using the formulas listed in Table1. While the Flesch-Kincaid (FK) Reading Ease Score formula outputs a number from 0 to 100, in which larger numbers indicate easier reading, the remaining formulas demonstrate a text's readability through assigning a grade-appropriate reading level. A Spearman regression was used to evaluate correlation between institutional ranking and FK Reading Ease Scores. Of the 25 PEM texts analyzed during this study, none were written at or below the sixth grade reading level, as recommended by the National Institutes of Health. These results suggest that the most prestigious orthopedic hospitals provide online informational resources that are unable to be read or understood by a large portion of the institution's intended audience. Additionally, there was no correlation found between institutional ranking and FK Reading Ease Score. Internet-based health information has conveniently allowed patients to educate themselves on their health care. In accordance with National Institutes of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines, orthopedic institutions should strive to publish PEMs at or below an eighth grade reading level.

Secure Storage and Certificate Verification System Using BlockChain

Abstract: Over the years there has been a great need for quick and easy ways to verify your score/certificate to reduce certificate level or forgery and relieve stress as well as save time on certificate verification which today is done manually what for Your employer or whoever applies need to come or send a delegate to the school to verify a specific certificate, some employers have never done this and it has resulted in the acceptance of a fake The system can be implemented as a standalone website (recommended) or integrated into an existing official institution website. The aim of this study is to design an online certificate examination system based on the university's performance examination procedure.

Exploring Quality Dimensions of Zakat Institutions' Website

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of system quality, service quality and information quality on the Zakat websites from the visitors' perspectives by utilising Delone and Mclean's information system success (ISS) model. This study collected data from 150 respondents who had prior experience visiting Zakat institutions' websites in Malaysia using an online survey technique. The data were analysed using the partial least square–structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The result shows the importance of system quality, service quality, and information quality in influencing the satisfaction level among visitors of Zakat websites. The result also indicates that information quality is the most substantial factor in visitors' satisfaction compared to other quality dimensions. The results of this study can help Zakat institutions improve their service delivery by enhancing the quality dimensions of their websites, particularly on the information displayed about Zakat collection and distribution. An improvement in the quality of Zakat institution's website can promote accountability and transparency of the Zakat collection and distribution system in Malaysia and boost the potential of the Zakat system as a mechanism for society development.

The Effectiveness of Zakat Fund Distribution in Alleviating Poverty (A Case of Zakat Institutions in Indonesia)

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the zakat fund distribution of Indonesia’s zakat institutions in alleviating poverty. This study used secondary data from the zakat institution's annual reports and website information for 2022. The object of this research is only national zakat institutions that have issued annual reports and functional websites used as research objects. Among the 91 zakat institutions, only 14 national zakat institutions meet the requirements as research samples. The research used content analysis as the analysis method. The results of this study show that all zakat institutions have implemented programs to alleviate poverty effectively. This institution prioritizes consumption, social, health, and education programs. Only a few zakat institutions implement housing programs and house renovations which are also part of the basic needs because of the limited funds. Zakat institutions have provided additional expertise through skills and leadership training. Even zakat institutions have built a local economy. No zakat institution has developed a mustahiq network, creating an enterprise zone and regional investment. Due to data limitations, this research is only able to explain 14 national zakat institutions' management distribution which had published annual reports and other information on their websites. The government, muzaki, and, academics could use this research finding to support zakat institutions so that these institutions can increase their contribution to alleviating poverty. The government should pay attention to zakat institutions by building a regulatory framework that triggers the development of these institutions. Keywords: Poverty, Consumption, Education, Investment, Zakat DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/14-6-04 Publication date: March 31 st 2023

Exploring the quality of the higher educational institution website using data mining techniques

The website of higher educational institutes is considered a vital communication channel to provide main resources to their stakeholders. It plays an important role in disseminating information about an institute to a variety of visitors at a time. Thus, the quality of an academic website requires special attention to respond to the users’ demands. This study aims to explore the quality of the PSAU website based on data mining techniques. The first step: was collecting opinions about the PSAU website using a survey. After that, data mining processes were used as descriptive and predictive models. The descriptive model was applied to describe and extract the major indicators of website quality. Besides, the predictive model was applied to create models for predicting the website quality level. More than one classification algorithm was used. Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine have given the best results in all performance indicators, and the achieved accuracy rate for both algorithms was 86% and 84% respectively. The results revealed that the overall quality level of the PSAU website is very good. The usability quality and content quality were very good. The service quality needs more attention. which indicated that the service level is inadequate and needs to be further enhanced. The results of the study should be useful to the deanship of Information Technology at PSAU, and website developers, in redesigning with high quality in terms of its usability, content, and service.

Information Сapacity of Globalized Text Content: Museum Website as a Translation Object

The article is devoted to the study of translation and creation of globalized text content of an official cultural and leisure institution website on the example of museum websites. The relevance of this research is due to the need to enlarge the target audience of Russian museums which official websites do not still provide globalized versions in the English language, which the author argues to choose for the reason of its lingua franca status. High-quality text content focused on a global visitor can not only expand the target audience but also yield other benefits for cultural and leisure institutions. The author considers that pragmatics of a potential global recipient requires following certain principles while translating a text from Russian into English or while creating a globalized text based on the Russian original. This work is aimed at studying and analyzing whether the principles of textual information completeness and brevity, which the author views as the basic ones, are followed or not, and which rules are obeyed. The text material selected for analysis is presented by text content fragments displayed on the official websites of world-known Russian museums located in Moscow and St. Petersburg with annual attendance by a vast number of foreign visitors. It is revealed that text simplicity interrelated with text brevity is reached due to transformations at lexical and syntactical levels. The rule of textual information omission is mainly performed when the textual information is irrelevant for a foreign recipient.

Online access to spine care: do institutions advertise themselves as multidisciplinary?

The primary aim of our study is to assess the extent to which healthcare systems advertise their spine care programs as multidisciplinary and furthermore clarify whether these institutions accurately reflect this description in their online access to spine care. The secondary aim of our study is to determine what proportion of institutions enable patients to self-schedule appointments online and select providers. Newsweek's 2021 list entitled "Best Hospitals 2021-United States" was utilized to obtain an extensive list of top-rated hospitals in the country. Institutions were considered to be advertising themselves as multidisciplinary if they used this term or similar wording (such as "care encompassing broad range of specialties", "interdisciplinary", "multidisciplinary"). Each institution's website was additionally assessed for the existence of: (I) a standard overview website or multiple individual sites for respective spine-focused divisions (i.e., orthopaedic surgery, neurosurgery, physical medicine and rehabilitation, anesthesiology); (II) online self-scheduling; (III) triage questions prior to requesting appointments; and (IV) selection choice for specific providers. In total, 334 institutions were included in analysis, with 66% utilizing multidisciplinary terminology in describing their institution on their website. However, most institutions only had a standard overview website with no separate websites for respective divisions (54%). Institutions described as multidisciplinary were more likely to have a link on a central page to each division (31% vs. 4%, P<0.001). No significant differences were found between institutions described as multidisciplinary and those not described as such when considering triage questions, online self-scheduling, and choice of provider. Though the majority of spine care centers are described as multidisciplinary, the patient experience when navigating websites online does not always meet this standard. Further progress in website design, automated triaging, and online scheduling are needed to truly achieve multidisciplinary care.

Abstract 9931: Women Representation in Authorship of European Society of Cardiology Guidelines: Temporal Trends and a Geographic Perspective

Introduction: Diversity of authors of the international Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) will ensure raising broader concerns and contributing different perspectives. There is lack of data regarding gender and global distribution of authors of cardiovascular CPG. Purpose: To assess gender and geographic distribution of authors of ESC CPG and compare these over the contemporary years (2015 - 2021) vs earlier years (prior to 2015). Methods: ESC website was searched to include CPG. Sex and affiliating country of authors were determined by searching ESC 365 platform, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, LinkedIn platforms, social media or author’s affiliating institution website. Results: Thirty-eight documents were analyzed (26 contemporary documents vs 12 earlier documents). The documents included 28 CPG and 10 non-CPG documents (i.e., position papers, expert consensus, scientific statements, or task force reports). Total number of authors =748, 18.85% were women (21.84% in contemporary documents vs 8.02% in earlier documents, p&lt;0.001). Total number of chair/co-chair position was 67, 10.44% were women (11.32% in contemporary vs 7.14% in earlier documents, p&lt;0.001). Lowest proportion of women authors was in interventional cardiology CPG (13.3%) while highest proportion was in pediatric cardiology CPG (37.5%). Highest proportion of total authors (regardless gender) was from UK, Italy and Germany in 11.9%, 11.1%, and 10.3% respectively. Highest number of women authors were from UK, Netherlands and Italy in 15.5%, 12.7% and 11.3% respectively. Highest percentage of women authors among total authors from each specific country were from Austria 46.7%, Netherlands 37.5% and Sweden 35.1% Conclusion: Despite trends showing an overall increase in female authorship over years, there still remain gender and geographic disparities in writing committee/ task force shares, indicating potential for enhanced efforts to improve diversity within professional societies.

Mapping Australian pharmacy school curricula for content related to pharmacogenomics

BackgroundPharmacogenomics (PGx) is a rapidly growing field which promises to deliver personalized, more effective medications tailored to genetic information. Although the pharmacy profession is expected to lead the translation of pharmacogenomics into widespread clinical implementation, there is a reported lack of preparedness among its members. Assessing pharmacogenomic-related training in Australian pharmacy program curricula may highlight educational gaps and provide guidance for curricula revision. ObjectiveTo examine pharmacogenomic content in Australian tertiary pharmacy program curricula. MethodsWe reviewed the curriculum of 22 Australian registrable pharmacy degrees, including 16 Bachelors of Pharmacy programs (with or without honors) and six Masters of Pharmacy programs, for content related to pharmacogenomics and genetics. This was done by screening the publicly available electronic course profiles on each institution's website and searching for key terms such as “pharmacogenomics,” “pharmacogenetics,” “genes,” and “genetics”. Three mapping activities were completed to assess the breadth and depth of pharmacogenomic training according to; 1. Bloom's taxonomy, 2. Author-assigned domains comprising; Enabling science, Translational science and Clinical implementation, and 3. Pharmacogenomic competencies from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI). ResultsA total of 18 (82%) pharmacy registrable degree programs incorporated pharmacogenomics and/or genetics in their curricula. Four programs (18%) offered standalone PGx courses and 10 (45%) contained integrated PGx content in other science-related courses (i.e. pharmaceutical biology, biochemistry, microbiology etc.). Mapping activities showed that most learning objectives related to the “Understand” level of Bloom's taxonomy (61%), the “Basic Genetic Concepts” domain of NHGRI's competencies (64%) and “Enabling science” (84%). ConclusionsMost Australian pharmacy registrable degrees have incorporated pharmacogenomic content in their curricula however, the scope of training is limited. Revisions to course curricula should be made to incorporate additional education with a focus on application-based training of clinical pharmacogenomics.

국내 공공기관의 지속가능보고서 공시 현황

[Purpose] This study is intended to examine the present situation of public announcement of sustainability reports by domestic public institutions. The government plans to sequentially expand ESG-related items in the public announcement of public institutions’ management, and in the case of public enterprises, the government is reviewing mandatory public announcement of ESG starting with 2025. This study investigated the method of writing the report, the cycle and volume of report publication, and the third-party verification, and publication types of 350 institutions designated as of 2021. [Methodology] The main analysis results are as follows. First, in the case of market-type public enterprises, the rate of publication of sustainability reports was higher than that of quasi-governmental organizations and other public institutions. This is interpreted as meaning that market-type public enterprises are publishing high-level sustainability reports in accordance with the demand of shareholders and external stakeholders, similar to private enterprises. Second, when looking at the form of reporting (reporting method) and public announcement, it can be seen that the reports are published on the UNGC website or the bulletin board of the institution's website (e.g., sustainability management), but the convenience or information accessibility is evaluated to be very low and should be improved. Third, evaluation indicators reflecting the characteristics of public enterprises that fit domestic circumstances are necessary and if target core issues of goals by field of organizations can be selected and reflected on the management evaluation (performance evaluation) of institutions, it is judged to be helpful for implementing social value. [Implications] That is, it means that the incentives to publish the sustainability report may appear differently depending on the characteristics of public enterprises, and policies that would supplement the foregoing are considered necessary.&#x0D;

P-346 First comparison of the egg freezing and storage cost between medical adaptation and social adaptation of Japan fertility hospitals and clinics based on institution's websites

Abstract Study question In Japan, how much of freezing cost and the yearly storage cost of medical and social egg freezing for fertility preservation is clearly disclosed on the institution's website? Summary answer Of the 621 infertility treatment institutions, 146 listed egg freezing on their websites, 46 specified the freezing cost, and 71 specified the yearly storage cost. What is known already In Japan, from April 2022, standard assisted reproductive technology will be covered by insurance, but medical and social egg freezing will continue to be privately funded. Therefore, it is unclear how many facilities in Japan perform egg freezing. Furthermore, while the cost of freezing and yearly storage varies significantly from facility to facility, there has been no data comparing egg freezing among facilities in Japan or other countries. Therefore, we extracted data about freezing and storage cost from each institution's website and compared them for the first time. Study design, size, duration This study is a web-based survey in which a single board-certified specialist by Japan Society for Reproductive Medicine exhaustively browsed the websites of all 621 fertility treatment institutions in Japan in October 2021 and analyzed the implementation of egg freezing, freezing costs, and yearly storage costs of egg are clearly stated on the websites. The costs of drugs used for egg retrieval and ovarian stimulation were excluded. Participants/materials, setting, methods Of the 621 institutions, 88 institutions that clearly stated on their websites that they offer egg freezing for medical reasons were divided into a medical group, and 58 institutions that clearly stated that they offer egg freezing for only social reasons were divided into social group for statistical analysis. We compared the freezing and the yearly storage cost, respectively, whether it varies depending on the number of eggs or whether it is a fixed cost. Main results and the role of chance Of the 621 institutions, 146 (23.5%), 88 in the medical group and 58 in the social group, specified that they offer egg freezing. The percentages of clarification for freezing cost and yearly storage cost on the website were 27.3% and 30.7% in the medical group, 72.4%, and 75.9% in the social group, so the social group was higher in both cases (p &amp;lt; 0.01). The percentage of fixed costs for egg freezing was significantly lower in the social group (6/42, 14.3%) than in the medical group (9/24, 37.5%) (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The percentage of fixed costs for yearly storage cost was samely significantly lower in the social group (30/44, 68.2%) than in the medical group (25/27, 92.6%) (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The mean freezing cost/yearly storage cost was as follows for 1, 5, and 10 eggs. The medical group was (JPY45,527/JPY22,327, JPY65,179/JPY22,530, JPY90,311/JPY22,770), and the social group was (JPY56,822/JPY40,178, JPY88,429/JPY56,502, JPY136,550/JPY79,090), so the social group had the significantly highest amount of costs in each case. Note that JPY 10,000 is about EUR77.7. The most expensive clinic to store ten eggs was JPY500,000 (EUR3,883) per year, and the least university hospital was JPY 4,600 (EUR35.7) per year. Limitations, reasons for caution This survey was conducted by carefully browsing the facility's website, but since we did not confirm the information through questionnaires or e-mail, there is the possibility that the information may have been updated. Another limitation is that less than half of the medical groups list cost details on their websites. Wider implications of the findings This is the first report to analyze the cost of egg freezing in Japan using the institution's website. The rate of cost disclosure on the website is still low. Moreover, the costs of social freezing are significantly higher than medical reasons, but this may change with the insurance of ART. Trial registration number not applicable

As respostas do Sistema OCB/SESCOOP frente aos desafios da Covid-19

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar as ações desenvolvidas pela Organização das Cooperativas Brasileiras - OCB e pelo Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem do Cooperativismo – SESCOOP para enfretamento dos desafios provocados pela Covid-19. Nesse sentido, busca-se identificar o modo que o Sistema OCB vem contribuindo para conectar cooperativas, sociedade e superar o presente cenário provocado pela pandemia. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória no site da instituição OCB. Os caminhos metodológicos utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza exploratória e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. Após análise e interpretação das informações coletadas, pôde-se verificar que a organização pesquisada desenvolve ações mitigadoras, como alternativas ao equilíbrio financeiro, inovação dos processos e manutenção dos serviços e empregos cooperativos. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento dessas ações possibilita melhor desempenho de todo o quadro social e funcional da cooperativa, o que, consequentemente, possibilita o aprimoramento dos resultados das diversas organizações cooperativas envolvidas.

Forms of Public Communication That are Written to Build Relations Between The Audience and Governmental Institutions: A Case Study of Governmental Institutions' Electronic Sites

The electronic site is one of the latest forms of communication facilities that governmental institutions use to establish public relations with their audiences. Governmental institutions utilize a variety of services and initiatives to develop good relationships with their audiences. To bring their work and actions to the majority of the public, they use various forms of mass media. The title of this research (Forms of public communication that are written to build relations between the audience and governmental institutions: a case study of governmental institutions' electronic sites). The significance of this research has focused on all of the subjects reported on the official websites of governmental institutions, as well as the review of the subjects and all of the aspects to know how to write the subjects and to be aware of all of the activities that the institutions conduct. Thus, all organizations must maintain their main sites and be able to better guide their matters to the public, which is one of the most critical circles of contact between governmental institutions and local and international audiences. The main question of this study is to determine what type of public relations writing is used, in which area, and what governmental institutions' activities are. The study aims to demonstrate the most popular writing styles and genres for public relations, as well as to be aware of the principles of writing, and to illustrate the subjects and actions that the institution does. Knowing the details and specifics of the topics published on the institution's website is also essential. This thesis is a descriptive study using the content analysis approach, intending to analyze the subjects of the main site of the governmental institutions in Sulaimaniyah. For this reason, the Directorate of the Sulaimaniyah Appeals Court, the Passport Office of Sulaimaniyah Province, and the Sulaimaniyah Traffic Directorate have set out all matters for six months from December ١, ٢٠١٩ to January ٦, ٢٠٢٠. As a consequence, the working style is one of the methods that the three institutions have used most often, and the articles written adhere to the standards of public relations writing. The majority of their activities included (visiting, conferences, courses, gathering) the majority of their publications, and then mentioning the institution's services, which were solely focused on news.