Institutional Prerequisites Research Articles

Marketing technologies in the public administrationof the territorial community: problems of implementation

Introduction. Increasing the autonomy of the territorial communities activities as subjects of economic relations in making management decisions, which was a consequence of decentralization, the need to ensure their self-sufficiency, new approaches to understanding the territorial community as a kind of corporation, as a local “quasi-market”, as a society, actualization of the problem of increasing efficiency the economic potential of communities determine the need for new approaches to solving the problems of their development, the search for new technologies in the public administration system. Territorial marketing is among the newest technologies that are becoming more widespread in the work of territorial communities and their local self-government bodies. Its importance is recognized by foreign and domestic scientists, although the applied aspects of its use are not sufficiently developed at the methodological and methodical level and have not been widely used in the territorial communities of Ukraine. This actualizes the choice of the research topic in the scientific work offered to the reader. Purpose. The purpose of the article is the development of theoretical provisions regarding the meaningful characteristics of marketing technologies in the system of territorial marketing, the identification of the level of their application in the domestic practice of public management of territorial communities, and the development of approaches to their further implementation in the period of transformational changes. Methods. To achieve the goal, the research used general and special methods: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis – to form a conceptual vision of the place of marketing technologies in the system of territorial marketing, structural analysis and systematization – to determine the main elements of territorial marketing, comparative analysis – to compare foreign and the domestic practice of using marketing technologies in the management of the development of municipal entities of the basic level, generalization, reasoning – to identify institutional prerequisites and directions for the further implementation of marketing technologies in the public management of communities. Results. Based on the use of an interdisciplinary approach, in particular, a combination of marketing science, regional economy and public administration, a systematic approach to revealing the essence of territorial marketing was formed by supplementing the existing interpretation with the concept of “marketing technologies”. The author’s definition of marketing technologies is proposed, which means the methods, techniques, tools that must be applied when using the marketing approach by subjects of public management of the development of territories to achieve the goals of the territorial community. The functional load of such marketing technologies asmarketing research, socio-economic monitoring, resource analysis, comprehensive analysis of municipal projects, marketing technologies in municipal pricing, marketing technologies in evaluating and increasing the investment attractiveness of the territory, local branding has been specified. The applied aspects of the use of marketing technologies in the public management of territorial communities in Ukraine were considered, the shortcomings and obstacles to their full implementation were identified, and the directions for further implementation were determined. Discussion. Research on the use of marketing technologies to diversify activities in the housing market, the use of marketing infrastructure to increase the competitiveness of small businesses, and the use of marketing tools to ensure public relations are promising from the point of view of the development of the scientific foundations of territorial marketing.

UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS

The article is intended to analyze the cyclicality of the development of construction, caused by fundamental qualitative changes in the basic generations of equipment, machines, technologies, vehicles and large structures in the leading sectors of the economy, i.e. industrial revolutions. The first industrial revolution created the organizational-economic, scientific-technical and institutional prerequisites for a conceptual rethinking of the principles and norms of construction and brought to life the pre-monopolist-industrial model of the construction sector (Construction 1.0). Its main feature was the active use of metal elements (cast iron, wrought iron, steel), glass, concrete and reinforced concrete in construction production. The industrial-extensive model of Construction 2.0 covers the period from the beginning of the 20th century. until the end of the 1960s and coincides with the Second Industrial Revolution. This model is distinguished by large-scale processes of territorial and spatial concentration of construction based on the accumulation of means of production, labor and capital investments in large construction organizations and complex processes of industrialization of the construction sector. From the first half of the 1970s to the first half of the 2000s, the energy-efficient construction model (Construction 3.0), brought to life by the Third Industrial Revolution, prevails in the world. This period is characterized by the systematic orientation of construction production to the optimization of thermal energy provision of objects, the rationalization of the processes of using energy resources at all stages of the construction and production process, and the minimization of the level of consumption of energy and material resources. Today, marked by the unfolding of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, is characterized by the global development of an ecosystem-type green construction model (Construction 4.0) – an environmentally responsible and resource-saving process of social reproduction of construction products. This model is based on deep integration of green and digital transition technologies and is ensured by large-scale digitization of construction works.

ECONOMIC-INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS OF EUROPEAN REMILITARIZATION

This article is dedicated to the examination of the economic-institutional problems and prerequisites for the reconstruction of the European military-industrial complex. During the consideration of this issue, the following tasks were set and addressed: – to find out the economic factors determining the ability of European economies to provide the Ukrainian army with a sufficient amount of weapons and ammunition; – to identify barriers to capital involvement in the military-industrial complex; – to study the institutional prerequisites for changing motivations for investing in the military-industrial complex. On one hand, the remilitarization of Europe appears inevitable due to the formation of an anti-Western axis of evil, consisting of Moscow, Beijing, and Tehran. On the other hand, remilitarization for formerly pacifist Europeans is not an easy matter. We believe that the problem of remilitarization has at least three aspects: price, investment, and civilization. If we were to depict the problem of European remilitarization as an iceberg, the price aspect would be the most superficial, obvious part of the problem, while the civilization aspect would be its foundation. Price aspect: This has manifested, in particular, in the rapid increase in procurement prices for weapons. The anomaly is that even with a fourfold increase in prices, which apparently promises manufacturers profits in the hundreds (!) of percent, demand saturation through increased supply does not occur. Investment aspect: It is evident in the relatively insufficient investment activity in the European military-industrial complex compared to what it should be. The issue lies in the unacceptably high risks of possible investment projects in the defense sector, namely, the risk of a decrease in demand for manufactured goods. Considering the normal profitability of production assets in developed countries, successful remilitarization could involve guarantees of extensive and stable state purchases of weapons and ammunition from producers for the next ten to fifteen years. Civilization aspect: Maintaining consistently high demand for military goods for one to two decades requires a fundamentally different approach from European societies and states to issues of war and peace than is currently the case. It turns out that for the remilitarization of Europe, a series of colonial wars is needed. Colonialism, in any of its manifestations, involves the institutionalization of inequality between Europeans and those outside Europe. Remilitarization means that the “flower generation,” the people who tried to “love, not war,” must acknowledge their defeat, and more than half a century of conscious rejection of making military violence a significant political instrument, which has always been reckless, is regarded as a terrible mistake that must not be repeated. European elites see and understand the consequences of this choice. Therefore, we can argue that the million shells for Ukraine cost Europeans significantly more than a few pitiful billion euros. It costs dreams of humanism, of a bright communist future, dreams of a time when the bright, rational, human will ultimately overcome all that is dark, primitive, and bestial.

STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATION AND SCIENCE SYSTEM OF KAZAKHSTAN AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHINA AND JAPAN

The article aims to study the relationship of Kazakhstan with China and Japan on the basis of a description of the structure and features of the educational and scientific sphere of Kazakhstan. For this purpose, the following tasks are set: The article describes the Republic of Kazakhstan's achievements based on the reforms carried out in education and science in the post-independence period; as well as the specific features and structural conditions of domestic education and science; The latest developments in the field of education and science in Kazakhstan are also included. The article discusses legal and institutional prerequisites, contracts signed at the government level, and multilateral agreements that formed the basis for close relations between Kazakhstan and the People's Republic of China. These include economic, cultural educational, and scientific cooperation. These contents are a kind of novelty of the article. The following conclusions can be considered as the main results of the article. First, China's influence on Kazakhstan's education and science system is growing. This can be characterized by the fact that there is an increase in Chinese language learners in Kazakhstan, an increase in Chinese language teaching centers, an annual increase in the number of students visiting China, and the sale of Chinese-language literature in bookstores and libraries in Kazakhstan. Secondly, relations between Japan and Kazakhstan in education and science are only developing, but the development shows excellent prospects. This is because Japan is essential to Kazakhstan's foreign policy and economic cooperation. Therefore, it is concluded that relations between Kazakhstan and Japan in the field of education and culture at the current level have a solid basis.

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OBJECTS ACCOUNTING OF URBOECOSYSTEMS: METHODOLOGICAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS

Introduction. The need to improve and develop methodical approaches to the accounting of green infrastructure objects is due to the lack of a unified system for determining the green infrastructure objects status of municipal territorial communities; the high dynamism of changes in the quality of the urbanized environment natural components and the economic conditions of society's existence; insufficiently regulated spatial development of cities and intra-system zoning and zoning of cities; lack of an ecosystem approach to the procedure of green infrastructure objects assessment and accounting.
 The purpose of the article: to justify the need in determine the green infrastructure objects status of urboecosystems, generalize methodical approaches to the accounting of such objects and develop proposals for their improvement.
 Results. The article substantiates the necessity of determining the green infrastructure objects status in municipal territorial communities, improving and developing methodical approaches to their accounting. The institutional prerequisites for the green infrastructure objects accounting of urban ecosystems, the tools of quantitative and quantitative-qualitative accounting of green spaces (interactive maps and plans, GIS accounting, mapping methods) that have gained practical application are considered. International approaches to the accounting of green infrastructure objects of urban ecosystems are analyzed. Current approaches that can be used for the identification of green infrastructure objects, their inventory, and certification have been identified, which allows us to assert the feasibility of considering green infrastructure as natural assets of the urban economy with all the prerequisites and consequences, namely, reflection in the General Development Plans, development strategies, plans and projects, accounting on the accounts of municipalities, distribution of responsibility for creation, operation, restoration, etc., which will be directly reflected in the green infrastructure management system. Proposals have been developed to fill in the criteria for quantitative and qualitative accounting of green spaces, which must be included in inventory lists, registers and passports of green infrastructure objects. As well as value indicators: book value, restoration value, improvement value, value increase, depreciation of green infrastructure objects. The experience of accounting implementation for the value indicators of green infrastructure objects ecosystem services is substantiated, since ecosystem capital is no less important than financial capital, and over time it will become the basis of the national wealth of the world countries.
 Conclusions. The green infrastructure formation is one of the strategic directions of the green course principles implementation in urban planning, and the accounting system of green infrastructure objects is an institutional environment element of the green cities functioning, information support for making management decisions that will contribute to the natural resources protection of urban ecosystems, and the quality improvement of the city`s residents living environment.

Max Weber, demagogy and charismatic representation

Political thought has long identified demagogic leadership as one of the key pathologies of democracy. Unusually among political thinkers, Max Weber not only accepts the inevitability of demagogy in democratic politics but also appropriates the figure of the demagogue for democratic thought, praising certain kinds of ‘responsible’ demagogic leadership. This paper examines the role of demagogues in democracy through the lens of Weber's political thought. It critically reconstructs Weber's view of demagogy in terms of the kind of representation charismatic leaders can offer. Demagogues articulate images of ‘the people’ that express a group's deep values and identities. However, Weber worried that demagogues often act irresponsibly, exacerbating dangerous divisions, given their ability to overcome legal and normative constraints. For Weber, democracy requires institutions that encourage an ‘ethic of responsibility’ in leaders while also holding them accountable. Weber's partial defence of demagogy provides useful perspectives on representation and on the institutional prerequisites for responsible leadership that neither deliberative nor minimalist models of democracy sufficiently appreciate.

Challenges of the green transition for the recovery of the Western Balkans

Abstract Background The aim of this paper is to reconsider the necessity for the green transition and the key preconditions for the implementation of a circular economy in Western Balkan countries. With the objective of the research in mind, the method of analysis and synthesis was applied to determine (1) regulatory and institutional prerequisites for the green transition; (2) the need for the Western Balkan countries to redefine the model of sustainable economic growth towards the green transition; (3) the development opportunities for recovery defined in the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans; and (4) the possibility of implementing the circular economy in the Western Balkans. Main text The main findings of the research indicate that: (1) the countries of the Western Balkan region, following the example of the EU, should define a national strategic approach to the green transition with an accompanying action plan and regulatory framework; (2) the biggest challenge of the green transition is the reform of the energy sector and the restructuring of the energy-intensive economy; (3) the countries have untapped potential in renewable energy sources and report the improvement of energy efficiency; (4) the circular economy can boost the green transition, because the countries of the region have a five-time lower value of resource productivity than the average of the EU, while the generation of waste (excluding major mineral wastes) per GDP unit is lower compared to the EU; (5) cross-sectoral governance should be more coordinated. Conclusions The green transition might be a development opportunity for the Western Balkans, which should enable sustainable economic growth as well as energy security and environmental protection. However, the implementation of the Green Agenda is not easy, because the region faces the problem of underdeveloped regulatory and institutional capacities that might provide not only the base for long-term planning but also financial resources for the efficient implementation of projects. In addition, it is essential to understand the principles of the Green Agenda and the interaction of all activities that should enable the achievement of defined goals.

Генезис концепцій людського капіталу в економічній теорії

The aim of the article is to study the evolution of scientists’ views on the category of human capital and to reproduce the genesis of this scientific category. Human capital is considered in the article as a multifactorial intellectual system that explores the emergence, development, formation and improvement under the influence of objective and subjective factors. The article analyzes the history of the development of economic thought and the evolution of the theory of human capital. A study of the system of scientific tools of representatives of mercantilism, the school of physiocrats, classical political economy, marginalism, neoliberalism, neoclassical theory, Keynesianism, institutional school and neo-institutionalism is carried out and the possibilities of its application in the global context of human development are determined. The objective economic, organizational, historical, scientific-technical, social and institutional prerequisites for the formation of the conception of human capital are defined. The conception of human capital is a new socioeconomic paradigm, the basis for the formation of which was the transition from the traditional economic system of development to the modern or innovative system. Within the framework of the theory of human capital, a person is considered through the prism of economic processes: social production, reproduction, economic activity. This was the basis for the rapid formation and spread of the theory of human capital. Objective reality emphasizes the importance of the formation and effective use of human capital, and significant scientific achievements on this issue confirm the long process of evolutionary development and relevance regardless of time intervals. The directions for further research include the development of methods for assessing human capital, in particular on the basis of the Human Development Index, a powerful tool for analyzing global processes and transformations in society.

Интеллектуальный ландшафт отечественного культурознания конца 1910-х – начала 1930-х гг.: предпосылки возникновения культурологии

The article presents a conceptually brief overview of the intellectual landscape of Russian cultural knowledge in the late 1910s and early 1930s, which determined the general outline of the formation of culturology. The vastness, compression and multilayering of the intellectual landscape of this era of unprecedented intensive development of all areas of cultural knowledge set an extremely broad generalizing scale of research in considering the genesis of Russian culturology. Special attention is paid to its genealogy: the identification, identification and generalized characterization of philosophical, socio-humanitarian, natural science, engineering, artistic and other intellectual sources for the formation of culturology. The research and organizational and institutional prerequisites for the emergence of culturology that developed in these years are revealed. An attempt has been made to bring together all the diversity of various intellectual trends, alternative projects and institutions, which in one way or another influenced the formation of national cultural knowledge and the crystallization of the scientific research program of culturology in its depths.

Dopunsko zdravstveno osiguranje u funkciji doprinosa razvoju održivog sistema zdravstvene zaštite u Republici Srbiji

Law on Health Insurance regulates three types of voluntary health insurance - complementary, supplementary and private health insurance. These are promising insurance products and the author selected supplementary health insurance. What is the potential of this type of cover? What are conditions for its development? Are the institutional prerequisites for creating a sustainable healthcare system fulfilled in our legislation? After analyzing the relationship between supplementary and voluntary health insurance, the author singles out the health literacy of citizens, potential service users as a prevailing factor in the current regulatory framework. By promoting supplementary health insurance as a product directly linked to compulsory health insurance a message is being sent that the healthcare cost risk in one part of compulsory healthcare can be transferred to insurers offering voluntary health insurance. Author proves that this encourages the inclusion of private insurers in financing the costs of compulsory healthcare, thus achieving cooperation between the private and state sectors with the aim of sustainable development of the healthcare system.

Current directions of inclusive development of small and medium-sized enterprises of Ukraine in the agricultural industry

The article is devoted to studying the critical role played by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in forming the system of inclusive development of the agro-food industry in Ukraine. The urgency of this issue becomes evident in the conditions of a full-scale war and the need for post-war reconstruction. To achieve this goal, the work uses various research methods, including survey-analytical, abstract-logical generalization, graphic method, system analysis, and synthesis. In this work, the institutional prerequisites of the concept of inclusive development were determined, strategies in this direction were outlined, and scientific approaches to interpreting the term "inclusive development" were generalized. We offer a conceptual model of the inclusive development of SMEs in Ukraine and have identified the role of SMEs in forming an inclusive environment of the agro-food sector. The development of SMEs in the agri-food industry should be based on inclusiveness, which involves including different groups of society, ensuring equal opportunities, and supporting participation in entrepreneurship. The agri-food sector requires the ability of SMEs to develop sustainably and innovate. Inclusive development should focus on creating conditions for innovative growth, which will contribute to the competitiveness of enterprises. It is essential to emphasize the role of SMEs in fulfilling the social mission, mainly promoting the preservation and development of regional communities, and ensuring quality products and employment. Effective inclusive development involves establishing partnerships between SMEs, the public sector, and government institutions and ensuring access to financial, technological, and educational resources. The inclusive development of SMEs in the agri-food sector must consider gender aspects, promoting equal access of women and men to entrepreneurial activities. The article also analyzes the existing and prospective state support mechanisms for SMEs in wartime. We consider how SMEs can influence the country's post-war reconstruction in the context of the agri-food industry. Our further research will be aimed at substantiating the main directions of SME development in the conditions of an inclusive economy, improving the toolkit for assessing the inclusive development of SMEs and substantiating the model of inclusive development of SMEs in the agri-food industry. Keywords: small and medium-sized enterprises, inclusive development, inclusion, concept of inclusive development, model of inclusive development, agri-food industry, agri-food enterprises

УРОКИ ПЛАНУ МАРШАЛЛА: ЗДОБУТТЯ ПІДТРИМКИ ГРОМАДСЬКОСТІ, ПЕРЕДУМОВИ УСПІХУ ТА НАЙВАЖЛИВІШІ АКЦЕНТИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ

The article reveals the peculiarities of the Marshall Plan or the European Recovery Program after World War II. In particular, three phases of the Marshall Plan are described (the first one began two years after the end of World War II and was characterized by the threatening situation in Europe; the second phase began when the process of European economic recovery approached the pre-war 1938 level and was characterized by concerns about the sustainability of these achievements, their maintenance, and improvement; the third phase began with the war on the Korean Peninsula and was marked by a gradual change in the Marshall Plan's course towards international security and defense). The propaganda aspect of the Marshall Plan and the process of its development are outlined. The article analyzes the prerequisites for the success of the Marshall Plan, which include the following: personnel and selection policy; organizational structure of the ECA; institutional prerequisites; psychological aspect; attention to detail: approach to foreign policy making, decisionmaking process, problem-solving method; management style. The article emphasizes that the idea that economics, politics, and psychology are inseparable in the process of creating support and rebuilding other countries was an important feature and basis for the development and implementation of the Marshall Plan. The author identifies the unique features of the Ukrainian context to be taken into account in the process of developing a “Marshall Plan for Ukraine” for its recovery after the Russian-Ukrainian war, in particular, the geopolitical aspect and the importance of geopolitical support from Ukraine's partners, as well as the need to restructure the Ukrainian economy in a modern way. The article argues that the lessons of the Marshall Plan for Western Europe can and should be used in the development of the “Marshall Plan for Ukraine”. The situation with the creation of an analog of the Marshall Plan for Ukraine will have its own unique specifics, as the recipient of assistance will be one country, and the circle of donors will be wider. Mutually beneficial partnership and respect between the recipient and donors, as well as the optimal organizational and management structure of the organization that will be involved in the reconstruction of Ukraine, are important.

Healthcare in Russia and Latvia: Revealing Public Attitudes and Institutional Prerequisites

The essay compares the public evaluation of healthcare systems in Latvia and Russia in terms of efficiency and quality of healthcare services, unofficial payments and informal gift-giving practices, and social exclusion in the area of healthcare. The coronavirus pandemic has exposed shortcomings in the availability of healthcare services, which highlights the importance and relevance of this research. In particular, I give an overview of problems people face when they receive medical treatment and test whether public perceptions vary across different social groups. To explain the observed differences, I focus on the institutional background to the current state of healthcare systems in Russia and Latvia.

The push for financial inclusion in Africa: Should central banks be wary of political institutional quality and literacy rates?

AbstractMotivated by the literature on reform complementarities and their importance for the effectiveness of central bank independence (CBI) reforms—particularly for African countries—where CBI has empirically not been found to have a significant impact on financial development, we explore the extent to which differences in literacy levels and political institutions could determine the extent and impact of CBI on financial inclusion. Using panel data from 2004 to 2014, we find that, while CBI does not promote financial inclusion in Africa, financial literacy and political institutions do; even to the extent of enabling CBI's impact on financial inclusion. The results are robust to different measures of political institutions from Freedom House and Polity IV Database and present implications for the role governments could play in shepherding central banks in Africa in the midst of Africa's developmental challenges and the global crises.Related ArticlesAideyan, Osaore. 2016. “Political and Institutional Prerequisites for Monetary Union: Assessing Progress in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).” Politics & Policy 44(6): 1192–212. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12183.Asongu, Simplice A., Joseph Nnanna, and Vanessa S. Tchamyou. 2021. “Finance, Institutions, and Private Investment in Africa.” Politics & Policy 49(2): 309–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12395.Scarlato, Margherita, and Giorgio d'Agostino. 2019. “The Political Dimension of Cash Transfers in Latin America and Sub‐Saharan Africa: A Comparative Perspective.” Politics & Policy 47(6): 1125–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12332.

Content and consequences of institutional reforms in post-socialist countries

Institutional reforms affect the efficiency of the economy through the mechanism of resource mobility, expectations, trust, the dynamics of the shadow range and corruption, the degree of economic freedom and the overall innovative capacity of the economy. The nature and content of these influences are controversial and sometimes uncertain. Therefore, when carrying out reforms, it is necessary to take into account the specific peculiarities of the connection between changes in the institutional environment and the processes of functioning and development of the economy. Most often, institutional reforms have a differentiated impact on economic entities: the change of rules will affect some positively in the short term, but negatively in the medium term, and will have the opposite effect on others. The effects of a short-term positive impact for individual subjects are mostly determined by redistributive processes, since it takes a certain amount of time for a significant and sustainable increase in public wealth under successful reforms. During institutional reform, a purposeful change of a certain set of institutions takes place, carried out by subjects who develop and implement a transformation plan. Through the system of various state bodies using various mechanisms, tools and measures the state, on one hand, introduces institutional reforms, on the other, institutional prerequisites have a determining role in the implementation of state policy in various areas, economic area in particular. The article focuses on the institutional reforms of post-socialist countries at the end of the 20th century, which were aimed at the transition of countries from a command-administrative economy to a market economy. The experience gained from studying the positive and negative features of these reforms will help prevent mistakes in the implementation of institutional reform of Ukraine to ensure its effective development taking into account the country's national characteristics.

ДИСКУРС ПАРАДОКСАЛЬНОСТІ ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ УЧАСТІ ГРОМАДЯН В РОЗВИТКУ ДЕМОКРАТІЇ

The aim of the article is a political analysis of certain theoretical positions of the classics of political thought and modern researchers on the participation of citizens in managing society, the role and place of political participation in the development of democracy in general. The thesis, according to which the quality of democracy is measured only by the level of political activity, the scale of political participation, etc., is not confirmed in practice: in theories of democracy, participation is considered as an effective means of expanding the field of public initiative and creativity, limiting the omnipotence of elites and bureaucracy, activities that contribute to the harmonization of social relations and, in general, human development. Both the total involvement of the entire population in politics and the complete exclusion of the broad masses of people from it are incompatible with democracy. Types and nature of political participation, factors and conditions of its implementation, quantitative and qualitative parameters, etc. have been revealed. It is obvious that the democratic reformation of society is impossible without solving a complex of problems of harmonizing key issues of a political system building, creating economic, socio-cultural, organizational-legal, institutional prerequisites and conditions for citizens’ participation in managing the affairs of the state and society. Contradictory consequences of the elections introduction, various forms of mobilization participation, etc. for successful modernization have been shown. The author comes to the conclusion that the involvement of broad masses in the political process, in state administration, etc. is, on the one hand, a factor in overcoming social apathy and nihilism of the population, education of citizenship and a high political culture, promoting the renewal of elites and the democratization of social relations. On the other hand, exaggerating the importance of citizens’ participation in politics, trying to involve them widely at all levels of the power pyramid without an appropriate institutional structure is impractical, as it can harm public administration and even destabilize the political process.

Відтворення основного капіталу лісового господарства в умовах цифровізації, євроінтеграції та децентралізації: еколого-економічні аспекти

It is substantiated that the main capital of forestry economy includes the technical-technological, production-economic and natural-resource components, which requires the formation of a modern model of ecological and economic regulation of its reproduction to prevent the processes of exhausting and unbalanced forest use. It is determined that at the present moment the decisive influence on the paces, proportions and scale of reproduction of the main capital of forestry economy is exercised by the processes of European integration, digitalization and decentralization, which to some extent is reflected in the State Strategy for Forest Management of Ukraine until 2035. Studies have shown that in 2013–2021 in the dynamics of most articles of capital expenditures for the purchase of production equipment, cars, devices, machinery and mechanisms, there is an upward trend, owing to both the real growth of capital investments and devaluation-inflationary processes. It is revealed that in 2013–2021 there is a reduction in total capital expenditures for the purchase of road construction equipment, which reduces the ability of permanent forest users to develop a network of forestry roads. It is substantiated that deepening the digital transformation of the forest management system and the movement of forest products requires an increase in capital expenditures in the acquisition of modern software and other information and digital technologies, which will lead to an increase in the share of intangible assets in the structure of main capital of forestry economy. It is found that in recent years certain institutional prerequisites have been formed for diversification of sources of financial and investment support for the reproduction of fixed capital of forestry economy due to an increase in the volume of bank lending and additional attraction of foreign investments. It is proved that a perspective institutional form of diversification of sources of financing for the reproduction of main capital are public-private partnership agreements, which will ensure the consolidation of resources of the public and corporate sectors to accelerate the processes of expanded reproduction and economic development of the forest resource potential of the country.

СОЦІАЛЬНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В КОНТЕКСТІ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

Growing attention to corporate social responsibility and calls for the implementation of social responsibility principles in high-tech industries prompt us to explore the relationship between corporate social responsibility and company performance. The purpose of the study is to analyze the institutional prerequisites at the international level in the field of corporate social responsibility in the context of environmental development of enterprises. In the business context, social responsibility is recognized by all stakeholders as a topical issue, and companies are beginningto focus their efforts on being recog-nized as socially responsible. Modern technological innovations and social organizations continue to impose risks and limitations on the effective functioning of the biosphere. Human activity leads to the fact that sustainable natural resources are becoming less and less durable, and multiplier effects go beyond the traditional benefits of economic production and consumption. The paper analyzes the EU experience in the field of spreading the concept of corporate social responsibility.Responsibility can be understood in different ways, but the most important concepts are causal, moral and legal responsibility. Moral and legal responsibility are forms of normative responsibility, i.e. there is a standard against which an actor is judged. Although they do not require causal responsibility, such normative judgements are often formed under the influence of causal relationships. A causal relationship exists between something that happens or exists and something that partially or wholly caused it. The cause does not nec-essarily have to be a person, it can be a natural phenomenon, for example. Even though a hurricane or tsunami may cause damage to people or property, they cannot be held morally responsible for this destruc-tion. It is generally accepted that moral responsibility implies moral activity. Only moral actors can, for example, be held responsible for the socio-political or economic factors behind poor local infrastructure that increases the number of casualties in a hurricane or tsunami

ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ КОРРУПЦИОННЫХ РИСКОВ И ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ ИХ НЕЙТРАЛИЗАЦИИ

The article shows that the emergence of corruption risks is caused by a variety of factors that are based on economic, social and political components. The results of the study showed that the analysis of corruption risks requires an integrated approach that takes into account the regulatory and legal features of combating corruption in the Russian Federation, the institutional prerequisites for its occurrence, objective and subjective reasons for the growth of its scale, as well as the search for effective anti-corruption tools.

Economic security of industrial companies in conditions of energy transition

Effective management of industrial companies in the conditions of modern challenges contributes to the achievement of tactical and strategic goals of technological development of enterprises. In the theory and practice of industrial economics, a special place is given to environmental management, which includes operational environmental management, investment environmental management, risk management, etc. The concentration of efforts in a certain direction depends on the specifics of the activities of the subjects and the problems that they are facing. In this regard, the system of ensuring the economic security of industrial companies that faces the need to solve the tasks of a planned energy transition is of particular importance. Industrial companies of the energy sector of the world economy were selected as the object of the study. As measures to ensure economic security, the article considers a unique risk management policy, including strategic planning, systematization and risk assessment, as well as managerial control over financial, economic, scientific and technological types of risk. The study revealed that over the past five years, industrial companies have been thoroughly approaching the development of an environmental strategy. The authors identify trends in the technological transformation of the global energy complex, which determine promising areas of technological integration for the development of carbon-neutral energy. The most important direction is the development and implementation of innovations that improve environmental safety, including new technologies for the production of pure hydrogen from natural gas and recycling processes. The conducted research made it possible to identify the scientific and institutional prerequisites for risk management of technological integration and to link them with tools for ensuring economic security.