Institutional Entrepreneurship Research Articles

Multinational firms as emissaries of decent work: worker responses to progressive HRM in a foreign retailer in Japan

PurposeThe paper aims to provide an understanding of how the transfer of progressive human resource management (HRM) practices may or may fail to render multinational enterprises (MNEs) institutional entrepreneurs creating change in job quality and decent work to underprivileged workers in the low-pay retail sector in Japan.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on survey questionnaire data and interviews with workers and management in a foreign retailer in Japan.FindingsThe findings suggest that even where MNEs may provide some measurable material improvements in job quality, in this case equal pay for equal work, the total outcomes are nevertheless shaped by institutional context and constraints. In this case, the improvement in pay was intertwined with flexibility demands that were possible to meet for some workers but not others. In particular, women with care responsibilities and competing demands on their time were not able to experience “decent work” in the same way as others.Research limitations/implicationsThe study had a relatively low response rate, due to lack of discretion over time experienced by workers in Japan, as well as limited data on program outcomes, with interviews conducted with a small number of participants.Practical implicationsThe study suggests that spaces and opportunities exist for MNEs to diverge from dominant practices in given host country locations and exercise a level of agency as emissaries of decent work but successful outcomes require a very thorough understanding of individual worker experiences within the institutional constraints of given environments.Social implicationsThe study offers insights into the complexities of initiatives by MNEs to contribute to the provision of decent work, particularly for workers in underprivileged positions including women in low-pay sectors such as retail, as firm-level practices lead to variable outcomes when filtered through local institutions.Originality/valueThe study brings together a focus on firm-level practices that inform much of the international HRM and international management scholarship with an emphasis on the experiences of workers, which is pursued in the sociology of work, to investigate whether MNEs can be actors in the realising of the Sustainable Development Goals around decent work.

The Vision Management Mechanism in the Transformation of Entrepreneurial Universities from the Perspective of Stakeholders: A Case Study Based on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The entrepreneurial university is a novel model for the advancement of research universities, driven by knowledge to foster national and regional economic development, while establishing a new collaborative relationship between government, academia, and industry. In the era of the knowledge economy, transforming universities into entrepreneurial institutions not only meets societal and economic demands but also presents opportunities for their own growth. This research is based on stakeholder theory and takes “certain-anticipative-potential” as the analytical framework. Drawing upon stakeholder theory, this study examines the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) as a case study using a single explanatory approach. Following the logic of “construct-practice-inspectconsensus” within vision management processes, this research analyzes and reveals the specific correlation between vision management and the transformation of entrepreneurial universities. Findings indicate that during this transformation process, there exists a non-linear relationship among four stages of vision management-construct, practice, inspect and consensus. Certain stakeholders play an influential role in shaping university visions through construct stage and inspect stage while both certain stakeholders and potential stakeholders collectively drive progress in practicing visions. Future research can further comprehend stakeholder interests through empirical investigations.

Entrepreneurial universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan: The essence and features of development

Relevance. The relevance of the problem stated in the article is defined by the fact that entrepreneurial universities have become one of the most important condition for the development of an innovative economy these days. As the experience of developed countries shows, only the interaction of universities and business can cause rapid innovation processes in the economy, actualise research in the areas necessary for the economy, develop innovative products in demand by society and their rapid commercialisation. The development of entrepreneurial institutions in the Republic of Kazakhstan is vital for sustained economic growth. The reason for this is the need to develop an innovative economy in the country, which should contribute to bringing national enterprises to a new level of international competitiveness.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the essence and features of the development of entrepreneurial universities in the Republic of Kazakhstan.Methodology. The leading method to study this problem is empirical, namely, the study of the regulatory framework and the practice of creating entrepreneurial universities.Results. As a result of the study, it was discovered that the entrepreneurial component in the activities of universities in Kazakhstan is underdeveloped, which reduces their competitiveness, especially at the international level. In addition, the interaction between business and universities is not well established. The main causes and consequences of this problem are considered, acceptable models of interaction are identified.Conclusions. The need to create and develop entrepreneurial universities sets the task for the state to discover more considerable incentives that promote closer cooperation between universities and commercial organisations. This will allow solving issues not only of conducting and financing research, training more qualified personnel, but also issues of rapid commercialisation of innovations, which will entail the development of an innovative economy.

Problems and Perspectives for Social Entrepreneurship in Higher Education

This article examines the problem of social entrepreneurship education in higher education. Along with traditional entrepreneurs, it is of particular importance to create social entrepreneurs through collaboration between academia, social enterprises and business. The development of social entrepreneurship in higher education institutions in Bulgaria faces a number of problems, as well as prospects for its development. The purpose of this article is to identify the problems and outline the prospects for social entrepreneurship in higher education in Bulgaria. By undertaking the necessary activities in the direction of increasing social awareness, sustainability and social responsibility, universities can train socially oriented entrepreneurs to contribute their knowledge and abilities to the development and well-being of our country. The main research methods involved in the development are content analysis, method of analysis and synthesis, method of observation, intuitive and systematic approach.

HUMAN RESOURCES THAT MUST BE PREPARED IN EDUCATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

The scarcity of labor among entrepreneurs is influenced by various factors, ranging from financial management, marketing, to the difficulty of finding raw materials for a company's products. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 also brings unique challenges to society, especially entrepreneurs in the field of education. Ease of access to information and knowledge indirectly impacts some businesses that are run offline and manually. The biggest challenge of entrepreneurship in the Society 5.0 era is to improve the ability and skills to adapt to various rapid changes in the business environment and society. This research aims to develop human resource management in educational institutions and human resource entrepreneurship in Islamic educational institutions. From the results of this study, human resource management in education includes all policies, activities, and considerations aimed at utilizing human resources (in this case educators and training staff) to achieve goals. understand that this includes efforts. The goals and strategies of human resource development education in Islamic educational institutions are best achieved by developing a vision/mission, promoting innovation, and building an entrepreneurial culture.

Economic analysis of institutional factors influencing the entrepreneurial level of young adults in Poland. Evidence from conjoint experiment

PurposeThis article aims at contributing to the literature using conjoint experiment methods for political economic problems. The author measures the stated willingness of young adults to start an enterprise in hypothetical realities described by different levels of six institutional factors pertaining to the business environment.Design/methodology/approachThe author conducts the “forced-choice” conjoint experiment on a sample of 200 young Polish students. This analysis allows for the verification of the expectations concerning the differences in the respondents' stated preferences relating to the potential obstacles to their entrepreneurial inclinations. The author estimates the average marginal component effects (AMCEs) and the marginal means (MMs).FindingsEvidence is provided that the institutional factors are not similarly significant to the stated entrepreneurial preferences of Polish young adults. Legal certainty and economic freedom are the attributes of the most notable effect on respondents' feelings about perceived entrepreneurial barriers; however, the results vary across the subgroups.Practical implicationsThe study results provide a tentative perspective on the Polish young adults' feelings about institutions as a potential obstacle to their entrepreneurial inclinations. The employment of conjoint methodology lays the groundwork for scholars studying the entrepreneurial environment, legal institutions and current public mood of different social groups.Originality/valueThis study is a unique attempt to answer political economic questions concerning entrepreneurial institutions in Poland through the implementation of a comprehensive market research method. In addition, the author indicates a specific set of six institutional factors as well as define a distinct group of young adults.

Black Leaders in American Foreign Policy:

Data on Black Ambassadors from 1949 to 2020 presented as WEB Du Bois-inspired data visualizations, and a historical review of Black Americans in the US State Department confirm the State Department has not achieved diversity reflective of American society. The theory of racialized organizations helps to explain why, and the lens of institutional theory suggests elements that could contribute to achieving a more representative State Department bureaucracy: 1) networks of institutional entrepreneurs; 2) accessing power and influence sources; as they work towards 3) establishing new norms; and 4) data for justice.

Learning to relocalize: institutional entrepreneurs as transformative agents in public food services

ABSTRACT We explore purposive institutional change and the role of institutional entrepreneurs in initiating and driving relational learning processes. Supplementing new institutionalist theory with an institutional learning lens and using a longitudinal set of rich qualitative interview and observation data, we investigate how institutional entrepreneurs engage in transformational work to effectuate change in dominant institutional logics, thus transforming the institutional field. We propose that institutional entrepreneurs, by skilfully utilizing discursive and material practices to catalyze reciprocal learning processes, can introduce a new institutional logic and ensure its adoption and internalization by pivotal actors and stakeholders. We illustrate these dynamics using a municipality situated in Northern Finland as an example. The municipality has successfully managed to transform its food services as part of efforts to develop more sustainable regional economies and communities. It offers a rare case of successful purposive institutional change and an interesting best practice example both nationally and internationally.

Presentation of the Institutional Role Model in Developing Local Entrepreneurship Based on Outsourcing of Large Regional Companies Active in the Oil and Gas IndustryPresentation of the Institutional Role Model in Developing Local Entrepreneurship Based on Outsourcing of Large Regional Companies Active in the Oil and Gas Industry

Objective: The aim of this study is to present a model of the institutional role in developing local entrepreneurship based on outsourcing large regional companies active in the oil and gas industry. Methodology: In the qualitative section of this research, theoretical sampling was used, and the opinions of 20 experts from Gachsaran Oil and Gas Company as well as academic experts were utilized. Additionally, in the quantitative section of the research, and based on the power analysis method, the opinions of 452 related experts were collected. The tools and methods for data analysis in the qualitative and quantitative sections were, respectively, interviews - grounded theory and questionnaires - structural equation modeling (PLS). Findings: The findings indicate that the paradigm model of the research includes internal causal factors and external factors; contextual conditions, including the government and national institutions, institutional entrepreneurship; intervening conditions, such as legal uncertainty, poor and unhealthy competitive performance, transparency in all outsourcing pillars; strategies, including reforms aligned with existing conditions and potential, local institutional capacity building, creating an environment for promoting productive local entrepreneurship, and creating local participation platforms for entrepreneurial development. Moreover, the consequences of the institutional role in developing local entrepreneurship through outsourcing large regional companies include the successful promotion of development-oriented policies, support for local activities, productive and sustainable employment, and sustainable and inclusive economic growth in the region. Conclusion: This research assists companies and institutions related to the oil and gas industries in gaining a deeper understanding of the institutional role in developing local entrepreneurship and in designing and implementing optimal strategies and approaches to enhance local entrepreneurship.

INTRODUCTION INTO ELECTRONIC COMMERCE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE UNIVERSITY COURSE USING VIRTUAL ENTERPRISES

Entrepreneurship education helps to promote the employment of university graduates and it might be implemented in various fields of business including e-commerce. It may be appropriate for future entrepreneurs in e-commerce to experience the development and management of an enterprise in a virtual form as part of their education. This article aims to demonstrate how are virtual enterprises used for instructional reasons in the university entrepreneurial course. This particular course allows its participants to experience the first phase of the existence of their fictitious e-commerce enterprises. Students establish and manage virtual limited liability businesses operating online stores. Electronic banking software allows the settlement of payments related to their e-commerce business activities. Pre-course and post-course surveys were conducted to investigate changes in students’ self-reported evaluation between these two moments. Results show significant improvements in all investigated entrepreneurial aspects of the course suggesting that the given approach of using virtual enterprises for entrepreneurship education positively impacts the entrepreneurial skills, knowledge, and experience of the course participants. This suggests that this design of using virtual enterprises can be a suitable way of implementation in the educational process of entrepreneurship in higher education institutions.

Capacity Building Needs for Manual and Computer Assisted Teaching of Pattern Drafting for Entrepreneurship in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria

This study investigated the capacity building needs for manual and computer assisted teaching of pattern drafting for entrepreneurship in tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The study was conducted and guided by two research questions and two hypotheses. This study adopted an ex-post facto research design. The population for the study consisted of 131 Home Economics lecturers from the Universities, Polytechnic, and Colleges of Education in South East Nigeria. The entire population was studied because of its manageable size, hence there was no sampling. The results of this study showed that the Home Economics lecturers are competent in drafting patterns using manual method. Technical skills required for lecturers of Home Economics to advance from manual to computer-assisted teaching of pattern drafting were identified. They include ability to grade patterns, ability to use software packages, and ability to discuss procedures of pattern drafting among others. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that computer assisted teaching of pattern drafting should be incorporated and applied by Home Economics lecturers to ensure that students acquire technical skills that will enable them to enter into entrepreneurship.

Regime-driven niches and institutional entrepreneurs: Adding hydrogen to regional energy systems in Germany

In recent years, production and supply of hydrogen has gained significant attention within the German energy transition. This is due to increasingly urgent pressures to mitigate climate change and geopolitical imperatives to substitute natural gas. Hydrogen is seen as an important cross-sectoral energy carrier serving multiple functions including heat production for industry and households, fuel for transportation and energy storage for stabilization of electricity supply. In the context of various funding mechanisms on several administrative levels, regional value chains for green hydrogen supply are emerging. To date, however, few studies analyzing regional hydrogen systems exist. Due to its high projected demand of energy sources for heating, industrial processes and mobility, Germany appears to be a very relevant research area in this emerging field.Situated within the concept of the multi-level perspective, this article examines the way how regional “niches” of green hydrogen evolve and how they are organized. The study takes an evolutionary perspective in analyzing processes of embedding green hydrogen infrastructures in regional energy regimes which entered “re-configuration”-pathways. It argues that the congruence of available resources for renewable electricity, established networks of institutional entrepreneurs and access to higher level funding are conditions which put incumbent regime-actors in favorable positions to implement green hydrogen niches. Conversely, the embedding of green hydrogen infrastructures in regional energy systems is a case in point of how the attributes of niches in particular technological domains can be used to explain the transition pathway entered by a surrounding energy regime.

Entrepreneurship in care for elderly people with dementias: situated responses to NPM-based healthcare reforms in the Netherlands

BackgroundDespite the great confidence of Western governments in the principles of New Public Management (NPM) and its ability to stimulate “healthcare entrepreneurship”, it is unclear how policies seeking to reform healthcare services provoke such entrepreneurship in individual institutions providing long-term healthcare. This study examines such situated responses in a Dutch nursing home for elderly people suffering from dementias such as Alzheimer’s disease.MethodsA four-year inductive longitudinal single-case study has been conducted. During this time period, the Dutch government imposed various NPM-based healthcare reforms and this study examines how local responses unfolded in the nursing home. Through interviews conducted with managers, administrators and supporting staff, as well as the examination of a large volume of government instructions and internal documents, the paper documents how these reforms resulted in several types of entrepreneurship, which were not all conducive to the healthcare innovations the government aspired to have.ResultsThe study records three subsequent strategies deployed at the local level: elimination of healthcare services; non-healthcare related collaboration with neighboring institutions; and specialization in specific healthcare niches. These strategies were brought about by specific types of entrepreneurship – two of which were oriented towards the administrative organization rather than healthcare innovations. The study discusses the implications of having multiple variations of entrepreneurship at the local level.ConclusionGovernmental policies for healthcare reforms may be more effective, if policymakers change output-based funding systems in recognition of the limited control by providers of long-term healthcare over the progression of clients' mental disease and ultimate passing.

Logics and Enablers of Transformative Innovation Policies: The case of the Colombian Appropriation of Science and Technology Policy

In this work, we seek to answer the question, what are the main logics and enablers underlying the implementation of TIP policies in countries of the Global South? We address this question using the Path-transformative heuristic (Pinzón-Camargo et al., 2020; Pinzón-Camargo, 2022). This heuristic combines two approaches, path dependency and institutional entrepreneurship theories, to explain the processes, decisions, and actions carried by actors in building an alternative path and how they face internal and external pressures that could support or damage their processes. Using an illustrative case based on the Colombian Social Appropriation of Science, Technology and Innovation policy, we examine in-depth interviews and secondary data on the underlying logics and enablers of innovation policies with transformative potential. This work allows us to identify six underlying logics in three of the four phases of the Path-transformative heuristic and six enablers extended through all the transformative pathway. Those elements bring a starting point to unfold and better understand TIP in the Global South.

Dark Side of Institutional Entrepreneurship in Latin America: Vistas from Reflexivity

Abstract Entrepreneurial development in Latin America is varied and complex. The concept of reflexivity can be used to investigate the complexities of the entrepreneurial system in Latin America; however, it has rarely been used in entrepreneurship, which refers to finding strategies to question our attitudes, thought processes, values, assumptions, prejudices, habitual actions, and understanding how we relate to others. To explore reflexivity and how this area can provide support to reimagine Latin American entrepreneurial dynamics, a literature review was conducted, and two theoretical models were proposed that show the complexity of the region and routes where reflexivity can foster a path for the region to change and advance its entrepreneurial efforts.

Do faculty members matter in corporate entrepreneurship in Kuwaiti higher education institutions?

PurposeThe adoption of an entrepreneurial posture supports higher education institutions (HEIs) in their quest for growth. The present study examines the role faculty members play in adopting an entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in HEIs within the Kuwaiti academic context and aims to assess whether this orientation contributes to fostering corporate entrepreneurship in their institutions.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data were collected to study the relationship between faculty EO and the EO of their respective HEI. Empirical research was conducted based on a questionnaire completed by 341 engineering and business faculty members employed at Kuwaiti universities and colleges. The research model was tested and validated using structural equation modelling (SEM).FindingsThe results show a positive relationship between the faculty EO and corporate entrepreneurship in HEIs, which was negatively moderated by human resource management (HRM) practices. These findings emphasise the need for HEIs in Kuwait to evolve their HRM practices towards enhancing innovation, proactiveness and risk-taking amongst faculty.Originality/valueThis study highlights the strategic renewal perspective in HEI-EO and how faculty initiatives can support it.

Governance with relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth in Palestine

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine mediating role of public sector governance in the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth in the Palestinian context during the years 2005–2020.Design/methodology/approachThe necessary data were collected from the World Bank website and the annual financial reports of the Palestinian Monetary Authority. To achieve the study’s objectives, the researcher used content analysis method and regression model.FindingsThere is an effect of some dimensions of entrepreneurship (starting a business, obtaining credit, women starting a business) and public sector governance with dimensions (voice and accountability, political stability and absence of violence, effectiveness of government performance, organizational quality, the rule of law and control of corruption) on economic growth. In addition, there is no mediating effect of public sector governance in the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth.Practical implicationsThe study helps in enhancing the elements of entrepreneurship by evaluating public governance in Palestine. It also offers future researchers a comprehensive vision that encourages Palestinian economic growth.Social implicationsThe paper contributes to showing the reality of public governance indicators for the Palestinian context and the amount of support for entrepreneurial activities indicators that affect economic growth.Originality/valueTrying to activate cooperation mechanisms between government institutions and entrepreneurial institutions to adopt creative projects and ideas, especially for women, needs to focus on activating the principles of public sector governance in addition to facilitating administrative and financial procedures to start commercial projects in a way that enhances economic growth with the need to achieve the highest level of public sector governance indicators.

Exploring the economic impact of institutional entrepreneurship, social Innovation, and poverty reduction on carbon footprint in BRICS countries: what is the role of social enterprise?

The world is facing challenges to reduce carbon emissions, the complex interplay between socioeconomic dynamics and environmental sustainability is of utmost importance. In the context of the BRICS nations-Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa-this study explores the intricate interactions between institutional entrepreneurship, institutional innovation, poverty reduction, social globalization, urbanization, and social entrepreneurship as well as their combined effects on the carbon footprint over the period of 1990 to 2021. This work examines the multi-dimensional interactions inside this nexus using a thorough analytical strategy that includes the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), Three-Stage Least Squares (3SLS), and Robust regression approaches. Institutional entrepreneurship and innovation are the main forces behind institutional change and may have an impact on how people behave in terms of the environment. Strategies for reducing poverty frequently involve greater resource usage, which has an impact on carbon footprint. Examining social globalization's impact on carbon footprints is necessary given how it affects consumer habits and economic activity. Rapid urbanization is a dual problem because it spurs both increased energy demand and novel sustainability measures. With its emphasis on community-driven solutions, social entrepreneurship can provide regional solutions to reduce poverty and carbon emissions. The study's findings provide policymakers, practitioners, and researchers with insights into the complex web of socio-economic factors that underlies carbon footprint fluctuations. This research paves the way for informed policy decisions, sustainable business practices, and the pursuit of harmonious development that addresses both economic aspirations and environmental imperatives within the BRICS countries by illuminating the connections between institutional entrepreneurship, innovation, poverty reduction, social globalization, urbanization, social entrepreneurship, and carbon emissions.

"Studentpreneurship": Encouraging Business Opportunities in Post-Pandemic

Objective: Studentpreneurship has become a strategic issue in the last few decades. Scholars assume this issue is only a concept, but for universities, this concept encourages students to make it a milestone for new business ventures that create many young entrepreneurs. This study aims to explore the entrepreneurship model developed by several universities in Indonesia. Method: A qualitative method and descriptive analysis used in this study. The data collected through interviews, documentation, observation, and focus group discussion. The data were analyzed using an interactive model adapted from Miles and Huberman. Results and conclusion: This study found that entrepreneurship in tertiary institutions is carried out through four stages: the knowledge and creation stage, the practice and execution stage, the innovation laboratory stage, and the controlling and supporting set. Of the four steps, it is hoped that it can be used as an alternative model to foster an entrepreneurial spirit and create young entrepreneurs who can adapt themselves to a dynamic condition. Developing the entrepreneurship curriculum in each tertiary institution has various characteristics and uniqueness in its application to students. Based on data taken from the university shows that entrepreneurship development for students is implemented in every credit that must be taken each semester. There are 5 to 6 semesters that contain entrepreneurship courses.

From experimentation to structural change: fostering institutional entrepreneurship for public engagement in research and innovation

Abstract Many researchers experiment with participatory settings to increase public engagement in research and innovation (R&I). Because of their temporary nature, it often remains unclear how such participatory experiments can contribute to structural change. This paper empirically explores options for bridging this gap. It analyzes how participants can be supported to act as institutional entrepreneurs to actively promote public engagement in R&I. To draw lessons, we analyze empirical material gathered on nineteen Social Labs which were set up to promote the uptake of Responsible Research and Innovation in a European R&I funding program (Horizon 2020). Involvement of motivated participants, insight in their institutional context, and specific methods and management choices that enhance a sense of agency are identified as essential for organizing change. These findings and the resulting framework of interventions may prove valuable for further (action) research into the institutionalization of public engagement in R&I.