Institutional Autonomy Research Articles

KEY STEPPING STONES OF MODERN HIGHER EDUCATION: TRAPPED VALUES AND RESHAPING OF THE PARADIGM

The article is dedicated to reviewing the doctrinal foundations and values in the field of higher education considering the influence of social changes. To achieve the research goal, strategic documents of specialized institutions such as UNESCO, the Observatory of the Magna Charta, the International Association of Universities (IAU), the European University Association (EUA), the Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU), etc., were analyzed. It emphasizes that among the main doctrinal and value foundations of modern higher education, documents highlight academic freedom, institutional autonomy, and social responsibility; enhancing the role of higher education in achieving sustainable development goals; orienting education to the needs of the labor market and the development of soft skills, including critical thinking, decision-making skills, adaptability, and emotional intelligence. Important trends in higher education development also include digitization and the use of artificial intelligence. While digitization has become mandatory after the limitations of the COVID-19 pandemic and the mass development of higher education in the conditions of globalization, attitudes towards the spread of artificial intelligence are quite ambiguous. Noting that the advantages of using artificial intelligence in higher education include its ability to adapt to individual learning styles and free up time from routine tasks, researchers warn that excessive use of this tool may hinder the development of such essential skills as teamwork, leadership, empathy, creativity, critical analysis, and independent thinking, which are crucial for future job markets.

Systematic Planning and Organizing Entrepreneurial Activities: A Holistic Approach for Fostering Entrepreneurial Thinking

Entrepreneurs are important in every economy to close gaps and create market innovative products/technology/services by using the necessary knowledge and effort. A nation's total development is accelerated by an entrepreneurial culture since it encourages the emergence of more venture capitalists, which in turn strengthens the economy of the country. In order to develop students into entrepreneurs, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology (RIT), Rajaramnagar, an Autonomous institute, introduced a choice-based curriculum system (CBCS) in 2017–18 that featured Entrepreneurship Development (ED) as one of the four tracks. It was investigated that, students were lagging in the skills like critical problemsolving, creative thinking, communication, and teamwork abilities that an entrepreneur need. In this paper, 4 thrust area were identified viz; Inspiration, Motivation and Ideation, Validation and Concept Development, Prototype, Design, Process Development for Business Model/ Process/ Services, Awareness about Startup and related Ecosystem Support Services for Startup Development. Various activities were conducted addressing the above thrust areas which benefited the students in term of development of prototypes. Keywords— Design Thinking; Entrepreneurial culture; Startup Ecosystem; Active learning.

Consolidation of Tertiary Institutions Across the Globe: Implications for Human Resource Management Education

Several students are conducting on the consolidation of Higher Education Institutions. Some of these studies focused on a particular consolidation case, or geographical region, focused on only an aspect of consolidation, rationale, process, challenges, benefits, or attendant implications. This study, however, seeks to pursue the consolidation of Higher Education Institutions from a comprehensive and global perspective, including rationale, processes, challenges, outcomes, and attendant implications. Case studies were undertaken across all the habited continents of the globe, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia/Ocean, South America, and North America. The results are far-reaching. For nations that pursued the policy of consolidation, there was a “skills gap” at the middle-level manpower requirements. Nations that maintained the status quo, gave prominence to technological know-how in the understanding that technological as well as intellectual manpower are of equal relevance for development. However, for human resource management, there is an acute shortage of middle-level graduates with technical skills, while having too many thinkers and intellectual graduates. The recommendations include the need to consider consolidation policy with due caution and not adopt the policy across institutions. It should be looked at from cost-effectiveness and revenue indicators, based on national development aspirations. But overall, the polytechnics and universities should be allowed to co-exist. It was also recommended that polytechnics with requisite human and material resources be upgraded to a degree-awarding status as autonomous institutions, not by merger. The article concludes that the consolidation of tertiary institutions as a solution to the “Binary Divide” is unfounded in light of its backlashing effect on nations that adopted the consolidation policy.

Aspiring to State Authority: The Autonomy of Arbitration Institutions in China

Drawing on fourteen months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article ex-amines the widespread process of officialization in China’s arbitration institutions, aiming to understand the motivations for this approach that diverges from market norms. Despite legislation from the central govern-ment advocating for greater autonomy, the reliance of many arbitration institutions on the state’s formal system remains entrenched. The article argues that this dependence is largely attributable to the aspiration of Chi-nese arbitral officials to be recognized as part of the state’s ruling regime. Self-realization in contemporary China is not limited merely to the pur-suit of self-responsibility and independence, nor is the state’s role in ena-bling or constraining these forms of freedom always consistent. The article highlights the negotiation between individual autonomy and state guardi-anship as a crucial feature of Chinese subjecthood that shapes outcomes in engaging with legal provisions.

Адаптація системи фінансового планування та бюджетування до сучасної моделі розвитку університетів

The aim of the article is to develop an adapted system of financial planning and budgeting to the modern model of university development, focused on achieving strategic development priorities in the context of expanding the financial autonomy of higher education institutions (HEIs). On the basis of the above defined aim, the following tasks were performed: a critical analysis of literary sources was carried out from the position of identifying traditional and results-based approaches to university budgeting; the traditional model of financial planning and budgeting of the university is defined; a system of financial planning and budgeting adapted to the modern model of university development was elaborated. The work uses such research methods as analysis, synthesis, systematization, coefficient and visualization methods for the development of both the traditional and the adapted system of financial planning and budgeting. The main results of the study are: definition of the traditional model of financial planning and budgeting of the university, explanation of the relationship between its components, substantiation of its ineffectiveness in the conditions of transition to a new economic model of university development, focused on expanding financial autonomy. The specified hypothesis became the basis for the development of an adapted system of financial planning and budgeting, which is based on orientedness towards results, achievement of strategic priorities for the development of higher education institutions, identification of responsibility centers responsible for the diversification and growth of budget revenues, with the simultaneous opportunity to participate in their distribution for motivation personnel potential, creation of comfortable working conditions along with an appropriate material and technical support. This approach integrates all types of financial planning in an integrated manner, while strategic financial planning as a vector of the university’s development is based on it. The results of the study are more relevant for public universities.

Інфляція як мірило незалежності центральних банків

The aim of the article is to study the process of formation of the modern paradigm of independence of central banks, determine the role of inflation in it, outline the criteria for independence and determine the dynamics of legal indicators of autonomy of monetary institutions. It is noted that the impetus for changes in relations between governments and central banks of many industrialized countries was the episodes of high inflation in the 1970s. Awareness of the problem of the time discrepancy between the short-term perspective of political decisions and their long-term impact on the economy provoked institutional changes in the status of monetary institutions. They envisaged the prioritization of central banks’ activities to ensure a consistently low level of inflation and provide independence to achieve it. It is also noted that in countries with economies in transition, the tendency to separate central banks into an independent institution was implemented during the 1990s. The criteria for the independence of central banks are determined by legislation and their charters. These usually include the following: isolation of central bank leadership from political pressure; prohibition to give instructions to central banks in the conduct of monetary policy; a clearly defined purpose of monetary policy; restrictions on lending to government programs and budget deficits. In addition to the formally defined independence, there is also the actual independence of central banks, which is usually outlined through the index of management turnover of monetary institutions and its correlation with the inflation rate. But this does not take into account other (exogenous) factors that affect the inflation rate, which makes the studies less relevant. In addition, the construction of any indices includes an arbitrary weight value of each of them, which reflects the sensitivity of the results obtained depending on their composition. As noted in the study, instead of a static analysis of the indicators of independence of central banks, it is more expedient to determine their modification from the beginning of the formation of the modern paradigm of independence to the present day. The analysis showed that since the beginning of the 1970s, most of the countries studied have changed the rules prohibiting central banks from financing (in any form) the budget deficit. At the same time, obstacles to interference in monetary policy were established. This suggests that the change in these criteria had the greatest impact on the downward trend in the level and volatility of inflation in the period under study.

Food Safety: A Developing Country Perspective

Abstract Developing countries, trying to achieve an acceptable level of food safety at the least possible cost (efficiency objective) and facilitation of market access to the large and lucrative developed country food markets (market access objective), could follow the multilateral, regional, unilateral or the independent approach. The paper studying the pros and cons of these approaches aims to determine the most appropriate food safety reform package. It shows that the best approach is the unilateral. Under this approach the achievement of efficiency objective requires the adoption and implementation of the multilateral approach. The achievement of market access objective requires the adoption and implementation of the regulatory regime of the developed country whose markets the developing country is intending to penetrate. Instead, the paper proposes that the developing country adopts and implements the developed countries‘ regulatory regime only in agricultural sub-sectors with highest comparative advantage scores, and that in all other agricultural sub-sectors the country should adopt and implement the regulatory regime as developed by multilateral approach. Since the tasks associated with designing and implementing the food safety policy reform are challenging, the paper advocates that this task should be left to a new institution, the ‘Food Safety Council‘, which needs to be formed as an autonomous public institution with sufficient financial and technical resources.

Improving the effectiveness of local anesthesia in patients with arterial hypertension in the provision of emergency dental care

Was to evaluate the use of Ketorol Express as a preventive analgesia to increase the effectiveness of local anesthesia in providing emergency dental care to patients with arterial hypertension. The study was conducted on the basis of the state autonomous healthcare institution of the Moscow region «Royal Dental Clinic» with the participation of 83 people. The patients were divided into two groups. In group 1, Ketorol Express was prescribed as a preventive analgesia in a dosage of 20 mg before local anesthesia. Patients of group 2 underwent dental interventions without the use of preventive analgesia. A 3% solution of mepivacaine was used as a local analgesic solution. For a subjective assessment of the effectiveness of anesthesia, use a visual analog scale. All patients had their blood pressure and heart rate measured before and after the interventions and hemodynamic parameters were continuously monitored during emergency dental care. In group 1, the effectiveness of combined anesthesia with the infiltration method of local anesthetic administration was 93±1.17%, according to the patient, 94±1.47%, according to the doctor, with the conductive method of anesthesia at the mandibular orifice - according to the patient it was 91±1.01%, according to the doctor 92± 1.36%. In group 2, when providing emergency dental care with the infiltration method of administration of 3% mepivacaine the anesthesia was effective in 80±1.97% of cases according to the patient and in 80±1.17% of cases according to the doctor, with the conductive method of anesthesia at the mandibular orifice, the effectiveness of anesthesia according to the patient was 82±1.11%, according to the doctor 85±1.23%. The results of the study demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the effectiveness of local anesthesia performed with a 3% solution of mepivacaine in patients with arterial hypertension due to the use of preventive analgesia with Ketorol Express at a dosage of 20 mg (2 tablets of 10 mg) in emergency dental care with registration and analysis of changes in hemodynamic parameters.

Design of UG Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Curriculum aligned to NEP 2020

Abstract— The increasing youth population of India requires high-quality educational opportunities to shape their future. It is the urgent need to design education policy which provides the key to scientific advancements, national integration and economic growth to ensure India’s continued progress globally. Thus Ministry of Education of Government of India passed National Education Policy (NEP) in 2020 and thus Directorate of Technical Education of Government of Maharashtra decided to design and implement the curriculum in all autonomous Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs) with effect from academic year 2023-24. This paper describes the implementation of Electronics and Telecommunication engineering curriculum structure at the department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering of Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Islampur, Sangli, Maharashtra, India. Author has summarized components of different categories mentioned in Government Resolution of Government of Maharashtra on NEP 2020 as well as AICTE Model curriculum and compared the category wise credits suggested by both. The author further highlighted the courses and credit requirements to get Honors, Double Minor, Honors with Research degrees for gifted students and multiple entry multiple exit for students facing obstacles in their learning path. The designed curriculum has ensured the multidisciplinary and holistic education and is in line with NEP 2020. Keywords— Curriculum Structure, Education Policy, Holistic Education, Model Curriculum, Multidisciplinary Education

Опыт применения ингибитора янус-киназ упадацитиниба у детей с ревматическими болезнями

The efficacy of JAK-kinase inhibitors in autoimmune diseases is due to the peculiarities of their pathogenesis, the involvement of various cytokines that trigger the cascade of inflammatory reactions, enhance the transcriptional response of disease-induced or disease-associated genes and potentiate the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Only tofacitinib is currently approved for use in pediatric rheumatic diseases. Given the literature data on the efficacy of other JAK-kinase inhibitors in adult rheumatic diseases, we assume the possibility of their use in pediatric patients. Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of selective JAK-kinase inhibitor upadacitinib in children with rheumatic diseases. Patients and methods. Data on 85 pediatric patients with various variants of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) (n = 64) and systemic connective tissue lesions (SCTL) (n = 21) treated with upadacitinib were included in this retrospective study. Initiation of therapy was carried out on the basis of the rheumatology department of the Research Institute of Pediatric Rheumatology of the Federal State Autonomous Institution "Children's Health Research Center" of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Moscow) in the period from May 2022 to July 2023. Descriptive statistics methods were used to assess the efficacy of upadacitinib therapy, comparative analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon criterion. Therapy outcomes in the group of patients with JIA were evaluated by the percentage of improvement according to pediatric criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, achievement of inactive disease stage according to C.Wallace criteria and JADAS-71 activity index, in the group of patients with SCTL – by the dynamics of clinical and laboratory activity parameters, as well as steroid-saving effect. Results. In patients with JIA without systemic manifestations treated with upadacitinib for 3 months (15/54), 30% improvement in ACR Pedi criteria was recorded in 13/15 (87%), 50% in 12/15 (80%), 70% in 11/15 (73%), and 90% in 10/15 (66%) patients; after 6 months. – 30th; 50th; 70th; 90% improvement in 14/15 (93%), 14/15 (93%), 13/15 (87%), 13/15 (87%) patients, respectively. Inactive disease stage according to C.Wallace criteria after 3 months was achieved in 5/15 (33.3%) patients, after 6 months. – у 11/15 (73,3%). In patients with systemic JIA the efficacy of therapy after 3 months was evaluated in 3/10 patients: 2/3 achieved JADAS remission (1 of them – stage of inactive disease according to C.Wallace criteria), in 1 patient the disease activity increased against the background of hip arthroplasty. After 6 months (assessment of outcomes is available in 3/10 patients): 1 patient achieved JADAS remission, 1 patient achieved 50% improvement according to ACR Pedi criteria, 1 patient showed increased disease activity when attempting to reduce the dose of glucocorticoids (GCS). In the group of patients with SCTL, the majority of patients were able to reduce clinical and laboratory disease activity and the demand for oral GCS. Conclusion. The use of upadacitinib in children in rheumatic diseases is highly effective and safe. In patients with refractory course of the disease it is possible to achieve a decrease in disease activity and remission, to reduce the dose of GCS. Key words: systemic connective tissue lesions, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, upadacitinib, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Janus kinases

Волонтерская деятельность в сфере культуры: лучшие практики и инициативы

Under the auspices of the public movement "Culture Volunteers", many socially significant projects and volunteer initiatives have been implemented in the field of protecting the historical and cultural heritage of the country and monument conservation activities. The accumulated experience and the current state of the process of forming an autonomous institution of volunteering in the field of culture with its inherent attributive characteristics and distinctive features, with its clearly organized structure, represent the subject of analysis of this article. Detailed attention is paid to the development of priority areas of the social movement and the implementation of its flagship projects. Further prospects for the development of new popular thematic areas for the application of volunteer efforts in the field of culture are outlined: archaeology, genealogy, crafts and trades, local history and tourist routes. Infrastructure, methodological and resource measures to support sectoral public initiatives are highlighted.

Практика включения обучающихся с ограниченными возможностями здоровья разных нозологических групп и детейинвалидов в совместную деятельность с нормотипичными сверстниками

The article describes the experience of solving the problem of organizing real educational inclusion in the system of specially created conditions for disabled students from different nosological groups in terms of the characteristics of their personal development, individual abilities and educational needs in the institution of additional education. There is a description of the practical application of an adaptation algorithm of teaching methods by additional education teachers for organizing real learning inclusion, namely: the involvement of students with development features in different kinds of creative, sport, playing and other joint activities with normatively developing students. The article presents the process of inclusive additional education on various educational routes in the municipal autonomous institution of additional education "Center of Creative Education "Prestige" in Krasnoyarsk.

İL ÖZEL İDARELERİNİN İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ UYGULAMALARINDA İNSAN KAYNAKLI RİSKLERE YÖNELİK KÖK SEBEP MODELİ ÖNERİSİ

Special provincial administrations are autonomous institutions based on the efficiency and effectiveness of local public services, where the people of the region contribute more to the management and democratic elements find a more comprehensive development environment. Local services provided by private administrations directly affect human life.
 The aim of the study is to propose a root cause model for risks based on human factors in the occupational health and safety (OHS) practices of special provincial administrations. In the research, OHS practices in special provincial administrations were examined. In the section, the importance of OHS in special provincial administrations, the causes of occupational accidents and occupational diseases, and the measures that can be taken to prevent occupational accidents and occupational diseases are included.
 The research was conducted on employees of special provincial administrations. While the population of the research consists of 11,463 people working in special provincial administrations, the sample was determined as 372 people with a confidence level of 0.95 and a margin of error of 0.05, and the study was conducted with 372 people. SPSS 22.00 was used to analyze the research data. Independent sample t-test was used to compare independent pairs of groups, and one-way variance test was used to compare three or more independent groups. In the study conducted on human-induced risks, OHS practices scores were compared according to the demographic information of the participants, and the relationship between the sub-dimensions and the root cause were examined. The direct and indirect effects of the root problem and cause factor on work accidents were examined. In addition, a root cause analysis was made in the research and a model proposal was made for human-induced. 
 Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety, Special Provincial Administrations, Occupational Accident

Региональная модель организации телемедицинских консультаций в офтальмологии: проблемы и перспективы.

Relevance. In modern healthcare, there is an increasing role of information and telecommunication technologies. Digital transformation of the medical industry makes it possible to ensure continuity of patient monitoring, optimize the diagnostic stage, and improve the quality of medical prevention. Today, teleconsultations are widely implemented in the activities of national medical research centers. This article presents a regional model for organizing and conducting telemedicine consultations in the 3rd level ophthalmological center of the Republic of Tatarstan – State Autonomous Institution «RKOB MZ RT named after Prof. E. V. Adamyuk» for the period 2019–2022, an analysis of problems and prospects for improving interaction Level 3 medical organizations with National Medical Research Center when carrying out remote consultations (consiliums). The purpose of the study studying the results of introducing telemedicine consultations (hereinafter referred to as TMC) into the activities of a regional ophthalmological center providing primary specialized health care and specialized (including high-tech medical care), in 2019–2022. and development of proposals to improve the efficiency of the use of telemedicine technologies in the provision of medical care. Materials and methods. An analysis of the legal regulation of telemedicine technologies in healthcare was carried out, an assessment was made of the number and structure of telemedicine consultations with the National Medical Research Center using information from the unified state information system of the regional ophthalmological center for the period 2019–2022. Results. When organizing telemedicine in the clinic, local regulatory documents were developed, the main processes of teleconsultations were identified, and responsible persons were appointed. Since the introduction of telemedicine technologies in the State Autonomous Institution “RKOB MZ RT named after Prof. E. V. Adamyuk”, 130 telemedicine consultations with the National Medical Research Center have been carried out. The structure of nosological forms during TMC is dominated by inflammatory diseases of the eye (49,5%), degenerative diseases of the retina (13%), and glaucoma (8,4%). Most often, specialists at the National Medical Research Center for TMC recommended face-to-face consultation or surgical treatment of the patient in the conditions of the National Medical Research Center (46,6%), correction of the ongoing conservative therapy (24,8%). Conclusions. The work carried out indicates the demand for remote consultations with the National Medical Research Center when providing medical care in the field of ophthalmology. The more active introduction of telecommunication technologies into the activities of regional specialized centers in interaction with medical organizations of the second and first levels is becoming relevant.

The effect of post-covid syndrome on the cytokine cascade in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

With the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, it is of interest to study the characteristics of the immunological status in this category of patients. According to modern data, in type 2 diabetes, a pro-inflammatory type of immune response is formed with an imbalance between T-helper 1 (Th1), T-helper 2 (Th2), T-helper 17 (Th17) types and T-regulatory cells (Treg). The COVID-19 pandemic makes a certain contribution to changes in the immune response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, since in patients who have had coronavirus infection, significant changes in the composition of circulating immune cells are observed: the proportion of Th17 increases and the number of Tregs decreases. This study is devoted to identifying the features of the cytokine cascade in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, depending on the presence of a confirmed history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study included 75 patients with type 2 diabetes, in 36 of them the diagnosis was verified in the post-Covid period. The study was conducted at least 6 months after pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. All study participants signed informed consent. The study was approved by the Independent Local Ethics Committee at the State Autonomous Institution of Regional Clinical Hospital “City Clinical Hospital No. 1” of Chelyabinsk, protocol No. 8 dated 04/11/2022, on the basis of which these studies were conducted. Using the multiplex assessment method, the concentrations of 15 cytokines in the blood serum were assessed in patients: GM-CSF, IFNγ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-17A, MIP-1β, TNFα. The results obtained during the study showed not only a change in the number of cytokines, but also a change in the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, cytokines that regulate forms of development of acquired immunity, in the group of patients with type 2 diabetes in the post-Covid period. In the post-Covid period, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the concentrations of cytokines secreted by Th1, Th2, Th17 cells, and Tregs sharply decreased. It has been determined that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after SARS-CoV-2 infection develop a functionally inferior virus-specific T-cell response, characterized by reduced or suppressed secretion of the cytokines GM-CSF, IFNγ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL -4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-17A, MIP-1β, TNFα. A weak T-cell response may increase the likelihood of developing pathological processes associated with an inadequate response to viral antigens (including repeated infections with the SARSCoV-2 virus, exacerbation of chronic infections).

Spiritualitas Humanum: Penghargaan Martabat Kaum Perempuan di Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi Katolik

An institution of Catholic higher education as an academic community is tasked with protecting and respecting the dignity of human life. It has an institutional autonomy to carry out its functions and guarantee its members a freedom based on the values of truth, justice, equality, and general welfare. Its vision leads to the formation of a community that is authentically human (humanum) and imbued with the spirit of Christ. Everyone involved in this higher education is inspired by the Christian principles and therefore is encouraged to live out their Christian calling in a mature and responsible manner. Catholic higher education as part of the Church must give a space for spiritual life assistance for young people who are studying in the institution. Furthermore, it should pay attention to all the problems and the needs of the students today, especially those concerning the human dignity. This article proposes a spirituality of humanum practised in a Catholic university as a framework for higher education in order to respect the dignity of women and men involved in the institution. In this framework, all individuals in the campus may increasingly experience acceptance and respect for their human dignity as noble image of God may live in accordance with the Christian values.

University autonomy and the increasing shift to English in academic programmes at European universities: In dialogue with Liviu Matei

Abstract This paper centres on a dialogue with Liviu Matei, Professor of Higher Education and Public Policy at Kings College London, which aims to transcend sociolinguistic disciplinary boundaries by exploring the increasing use of English for higher education academic programmes at European universities within the context of university autonomy. Once Provost of the Central European University, forced to move from Hungary to Austria when its institutional autonomy was increasingly infringed by the state, Liviu Matei’s academic work combines intellectual acuteness with experience, further deepened in the practice of consultation and applied policy research for influential international bodies and organisations, including the Council of Europe and the European Commission. With him, we consider in novel ways the role that legal reform granting a regulated autonomy to universities accompanied by a more corporate style of higher education governance may have played in the rampant growth in recent decades of English language academic programmes in the now European Higher Education Area (EHEA). We reflect on the historical and public policy contexts out of which English as a medium of instruction (EMI) arose, the regulated autonomy of universities by ministerial practices of steering at a distance, and widely obtaining political epistemologies and policy narratives.

Benchmarks on the intervention of the Ombudsman in ensuring the safety and protection of the citizen

In recent decades, on the European continent, the Ombudsman ( also known as Ombusman, Defender, Mediator, etc ) is organized and operates as an autonomous institution that acts independently, impartially and transparently against maladministration, human rights violations affecting individuals or legal entities.

Financial decentralization, renewable energy technologies, energy subsidies and wind power development in China: An analysis of nonparametric model

Currently, financial development and renewable energy technologies have become new tools to stimulate wind power development, attracting attention from the government and academia. However, most existing literature uses linear methods to investigate wind power, masking the nonlinear relationship between these factors and wind power development. The objective of this study is to reveal the nonlinear relationships between these economic factors and wind power development, providing a basis for the government to design differentiated phased policies. Compared to traditional linear methods, the nonparametric models can truly simulate the nonlinear relationship between these economic factors and wind power development. Given this, this article uses the nonparametric additive regression model to investigate these links. The result of this study shows: (1) financial decentralization produces a U-shaped impact on wind power, indicating that expanding the autonomy of local financial institutions has driven wind power development in the later stage. (2) The impact of renewable energy technologies demonstrates an inverted U-shaped pattern, signifying that the driving effect of green technology has shifted from being prominent in the early stage to being reduced in the later stage. (3) Energy subsidies also exert an inverted U-shaped effect, meaning that its driving role is prominent in the early stage. (4) In addition, the impacts of CO2 emissions, wind power prices, environmental governance investments, and urbanization on wind power development also exhibit non-linear characteristics. Finally, this article proposes policies in response to the stage where economic tools don't play a role in driving wind power development.

О научной обоснованности программы работы психолога с педагогическими коллективами и педагогами по профилактике суицидальных рисков в образовательной организации «Я выбираю жизнь!»

<p style="text-align: justify;">The authors of the article pose the question: are modern teachers ready to participate in solving the problem of adolescent suicide, and come to the conclusion that, despite the large number of different diagnostic tools and literature, they are not ready to use them in practice. To solve this and other issues, the authors propose to carry out a system of measures related to increasing the competence of the teaching staff, developing their practical skills, motivational and psychological readiness to carry out work on the prevention of suicidal risks. This system formed the basis of the program of work of the educational psychologist with teaching staff and teachers “I choose life!” The implementation of the program contributes to the formation of a safe educational environment, the prevention of destructive behavior, suicidal and other risks. It was tested on the basis of the state autonomous institution of additional professional education “Saratov Regional Institute for Educational Development” as part of the implementation of an additional professional development program “Strategies for the work of an educational organization with the problem of suicidal behavior of minors” for class teachers, educational psychologists and heads of educational organizations. The program “I choose life!” passed an examination to verify the evidence base within the section “Evidence-Based Approach in Psychology and Education” of the Scientific Expert Council of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education MSUPE with the assignment of a certificate of conformity (registration number “7/17-pr” dated July 25, 2023). Based on the results of the examination, it was found to comply with the standards of programs and technologies with proven effectiveness for the educational and social spheres, taking into account additional recommendations, and was recommended for inclusion in the register of exemplary correctional and developmental, correctional, rehabilitation and preventive programs for the activities of a teacher-psychologist (psychologist in the field of education ) and replication in educational and social institutions.</p>