Institutional Aspects Research Articles

Institutional Quality and Internationalization: Empirical Evidence from Manufacturing SMEs in Vietnam

This paper assesses how the local institutional environment affects the internationalization of manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam, exploiting a multi-dimensional institutional index and large-scale enterprise data. The authors find that the internationalization of manufacturing SMEs was influenced by several institutional aspects, such as the transparency of local authorities, access to land, informal charges, and local labor policies. Improvements in these institutional aspects can substantially enhance participation in international trade and its magnitude. This pattern diverges from their large and foreign counterparts, whose trade participation is primarily affected by land access and the transparency of local authorities. Additionally, the authors find heterogeneous effects of the institutional environment on SMEs in different manufacturing industries. Heavy industries rely more on the costs of entry and time costs, while land access is crucial for SMEs in manufacturing industries that require large-sized factories. Our findings suggest that the government should provide a supportive institutional environment to SMEs, which will lead to higher international participation and boost domestic economic growth.

Employee motivation and professional burnout as impacts of organizational culture on medical institutions

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of organizational culture of medical institutions on employee motivation and professional burnout, with occupation (i.e. doctor, nurse and administration employee) being a moderator. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative method (survey) was used for this study in Lithuania (EU), with a sum of 235 fulfilled questionnaires being obtained online. IBM SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and testing hypotheses. Findings The research results reveal that organizational culture is significantly related to both employee motivation and professional burnout in Lithuanian medical institutions. Moreover, theoretical and executive implications highlight the requisite role of and manner in which organizational culture and employee motivation can reduce employee turnover, retain talent, limit employee burnout and overall strengthen the design and implementation of long-term human resource management planning. Social implications This research delineates, explicates and directs crucial aspects of medical institutions’ effective functioning, a concern of even the most developed nations, as health sector performance, individually, organizationally and collectively, is a natural principal factor of social well-being and health. Originality/value Further and unique to the extant research, the authors analyzed specific organizational interactions, which revealed different statistical relationships between organizational culture and doctors’, nurses’ and administration employees’ overload, lack of development and neglect. The authors, thus, identified that organizational culture does not have a statistically significant impact on neglect of doctors, nurses and administration employees; however, it does significantly influence overload and lack of development in all respondents’ groups.

The Interpretation and Development of International Human Rights Law by the International Court of Justice

本文采用制度主义研究路径，分析了国际法院在国际裁判和执行人权方面的作用，以及它在阐释和发展基本人权规则和原则方面的贡献。国际法院是联合国主要机关之一，也是其主要的司法机关，在国际裁判机制中享有重中之重的特殊地位。国际法院对阐释和发展人权法的贡献可以从三个角度来看：第一，在程序角度，它进一步推动了人权的可诉性。第二，在实体角度，它不仅分析了非殖民化背景下的民族自决权问题和一些公约项下的人权保护范围，还处理了人权公约义务的领土范围问题、国家责任归属问题以及国际不法行为的赔偿问题，为国家、国际组织及其机构、其他法律实体甚至个人制定了行为标准。第三，在制度角度，它确保了联合国人权问题报告员的独立性和不可侵犯性，对联合国大会和安全理事会在维护国际和平与安全方面的职能作出建设性的阐释，并对其遵守国际人权义务的情况进行监督。然而，一些案件体现出国际法院在审理人权案件时存在的管辖权漏洞和其他障碍，它对国际法中某些有争议的问题持谨慎立场。这意味着国际法院有时在实施人权保护方面可能施加的影响有限。 This article uses an institutional approach when discussing the role of the ICJ within the context of international adjudication and enforcement of human rights, as well as its contribution to the interpretation and development of key human rights rules and principles. As one of the main UN organs and its principal judicial organ, the ICJ enjoys a somewhat special position as first among equals. The Court’s contribution to the interpretation and development of human rights can be seen from three aspects. Firstly, from the procedural aspect, the Court furthered the justiciability of human rights. Secondly, from the substantial aspect, the Court has dealt not only with the right to self-determination within the decolonisation context and the scope of human rights protection under the convention, but also with the territorial scope of human rights treaties’ obligations, aspects of attribution of State responsibility and issues concerning reparations for internationally wrongful acts, which lays down standards of conduct for States, international organisations and their organs, other legal entities and even individuals. Thirdly, from the institutional aspect, the ICJ ensures the independence and inviolability of UN human rights rapporteurs, the constructive interpretation of the functions of the General Assembly and the Security Council in matters of international peace and security and their monitoring of compliance with international human rights obligations. However, several cases have highlighted the jurisdictional gaps and other obstacles to litigating human rights cases before the Court. These cases have also highlighted the Court’s guarded position on certain controversial issues under international law. It shows that the limitations to the Court’s potential impact on the enforcement of fundamental human rights.

Penerapan Evaluasi Manajemen Mutu Terpadu Pendidikan di MTs N 2 Mandailing Natal

This research aims to describe of explain the implementation of integrated education quality management evaluation at MTs N 2 Mandailing Natal. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The main respondent in this research was the Deputy Head of Madrasah Mts N 2 Mandailing Natal for Student Affairs. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation, including the use of madrasah social media to find additional sources of information. Evaluation of integrated education quality management is a systematic process that aims to ensure that all aspects of educational institutions run in accordance wint established quality standards. The evaluation carried out at MTs N 2 Mandailing Natal was fomative and summative and based on eight national education standards consisting of; student evaluation, teaching staff evaluation, and infrastructure evaluation, and curriculum evaluation. Evaluations are carried out periodically and in accordance with each main task and function, which means there are no obstacles in impementing the integrated education quality management evaluation process at MTs N 2 Mandailing Natal.

What do Social Sciences Study: Institutes or Institutions?

This article deals with the concept of social studies, which are subject to ongoing debate. In the tradition of Western scholars, this scientific concept is referred to as „institutions”. In the post-Soviet space, in particular, in Ukraine, there are two terms: „institutes” and „institutions”. In the first case, the polemic focuses on what aspects of institutions and their functioning should be studied to acquire essential knowledge for developing and adopting effective management decisions that contribute to improving the situation in all spheres of social relations and social behaviour. After all, institutions are decisive structural components and regulators of society’s functioning as a system. In the second case, the debate also focuses on how to adapt the term „institutes” to the conceptual framework of institutional economic, political and other social studies. The origins of this debate trace back to the Soviet Union era. Then, as we know, the vectors of scientific research were determined from Moscow. Russian translations of the research results from Western scholars were carried out there and distributed from there. Sometimes there were situations of incorrect translations and inadequate interpretations. This is how the term-concept „institutions” was split into two: „institutions” and „institutes”, and in favour of the latter. This happened contrary to the terminological tradition of institutional studies initiated in the West in the last quarter of the 1800s. Since the early 1990s, updated paradigms of institutionalism have become one of the main instruments of social cognition for many scholars worldwide, including Ukrainian ones. In order to effectively apply this instrument to study, forecasting and modelling probable and desirable social changes in one's own and other countries, it is necessary to align the terms and concepts of the national scientific discourse with the relevant thesaurus of institutional studies in the countries where these studies began and continue to be leading. In this case, it will be necessary to acknowledge the fact that the object and subject of the latter are phenomena known as „institutions” rather than „institutes”. Of course, there is a connection between these two terms and concepts. However, it is neither object-subject nor conceptual; it is infrastructural. Institutes are organizations where scholars investigate theoretical and applied aspects of the formation and functioning of social institutions. And those who study at institutes study the results of institutional research and have the opportunity to participate in such research. In short: institutions are studied in institutes. The first part of the article discusses the genesis of the terms and concepts of „institutions” and „institutes” in the scientific discourse in Ukraine. The second part is about the interpretation of these terms and concepts in the West. Comparing the two discourses and their histories has provided arguments for the conclusion about the necessity of harmonising the former with the second. Perhaps this proposal will require a targeted discussion.

Tax reform and the underground economy: a long-term global perspective

ABSTRACT Existing studies show the underground economy negatively affects socioeconomic development, focusing on economic and institutional aspects as underlying factors driving its existence. This study examines the relationship between tax reform and the underground economy in 23 developed and emerging countries from 1990 to 2015. Our empirical analysis indicates that tax reforms increasing the societal tax burden expand the underground economy. Notably, expanding the tax base, rather than increasing tax rates, is closely linked to this growth. These findings suggest policymakers should consider the underground economy’s response to tax reforms while promoting tax systems and policy improvements.

The forest policy outputs of regional regimes: a qualitative comparative analysis on the effects of formalization, hegemony and issue-focus around the globe

International regimes, defined as sets of norms and rules around which members’ expectations converge, are providing structures for facilitating cooperation in a given issue area. Two main lines of environmental regime scholarship prevailed thus far: one on structural design aspects of international institutions and one on their effects and effectiveness. However, questions on how such effects are achieved in detail largely remain unanswered. Against this background, this study aims to analyze the institutional design conditions under which regional regimes produce strong or weak policies. We do so by qualitatively comparing, using a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), nine regional regimes across the world towards their ability of producing regime forest policies as an illustrative issue area. Three structural conditions were identified as being influential on regime policy: (i) The degree of formalization (ii) The existence of hegemonic/powerful member state(s) and (iii) Scope or issue specificity bearing the identity of a regime. Our results showed that no one condition on its own was necessary to produce either strong or weak regime forest policy. However, all three conditions, through three different configurations, created a robust pathway for producing strong regime policy. In addition, the combination that showed the presence of all three conditions was related to weak regime policy. These results open several prospects for future research on the relationship between regimes´ structures and regime policy.

Digital and Culture: Towards More Resilient Urban Community Governance

Urban communities are characterized by significant population size, high density, and strong mobility. While we might enjoy the dividends of rapid modernization, there are nonetheless variable and frequent public crises that occur. Modernization’s problems are gradually emerging, and the traditional risk prevention logic that relies on administrative “rigidity” has begun to be widely challenged. Traditional urban communities depend on institutional, structural, and spatial aspects to improve community resilience. Because big data has become popular, attention has begun to be paid to digital empowerment and community resilience. However, the emergence of problems such as “digital paradox” and “digital ethics” in the digital realm itself has prompted calls for cultural resilience to continue to rise. Therefore, urgently needed resolutions are required to questions regarding the resilience of traditional communities, the construction of digital and cultural resilience, the relationship between digital and cultural resilience, and the manner in which cultural resilience is coordinated to solve the problem of digital resilience. A quantitative analysis of 350 questionnaires from five urban communities found that these communities’ institutional, spatial, and structural dimensions are the driving factors for improving resilience. In contrast, the cultural and digital dimensions are constraints. Therefore, the question of how to coordinate the cultural and digital factors represented by traditional and modern societies in order to compensate for the shortcomings in resilience construction is that which future urban communities must consider. The authors of this study believe that digital empowerment is needed to open up the “first mile” of resilient communities, that cultural empowerment is required to break down the “blocks in the middle” of resilient communities, and that digital and cultural coupling is needed to link the “last mile” of resilient communities. One must use culture to compensate for the shortcomings of digital resilience and digital to pay for the failures of cultural resilience before one can move towards more resilient urban community governance.

Modernization Transformation in Islamic Boarding Schools Study of Ummushabri Pesantren in Kendari City

Educational transformation in pesantren cannot be separated from the idea of modernizing Islamic education conveyed by many experts. So, this study is still very relevant and should continue to be studied. They are looking for models and patterns of this transformation that are distinctive to enrich the study of modernization in the treasures of pesantren. Researchers used descriptive qualitative with analytical methods and three data collection techniques: interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that Ummushabri Islamic Boarding School has transformed the institutional aspect and has had an impact on the entire system that applies to Ummushabri Islamic Boarding School. The institutional elements that have transformed Ummushabri boarding school include Policies on the education system, changes in the Foundation's leadership structure, and changes in the work hierarchy. Curriculum changes since 1986-2023 and institutional governance system. Establish partnerships and develop participatory management, as well as pesantren and madrasah, as learning resources. These three points are aspects of the transformation of Ummushabri pesantren as an Islamic Education Institution in Kendari City. The institutional transformation carried out by Ummushabri Islamic Boarding School has had a significant impact on institutional development, and it has become one of the Islamic education institutions that has advanced progress in Kendari City

ON SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF POSTCARDS IN THE GERMAN-CZECH CONFLICT AT THE TURN OF THE 19TH CENTURY

Postcards as a reflection of German-Czech contradictions in the period of the Badeni crisis in the late 19th and early 20th centuries have more than once been the subject of study. The research novelty of this article lies in the fact that the problem is examined not through postcard images themselves, but from the point of view of the primary functionality of postcards as a means of communication and a commercial product. The author focuses on commercial, postal-technical, consumer practices, institutional and legal aspects, as well as the reception of postcard messages, both individual and public. Various national associations and private entrepreneurs, main producers of postcards, oft en deliberately radicalized their content in their political or commercial interests. The specificity of the postcard as a means of postal communication and its mass appeal served as the basis for unique practices in mobilizing supporters and criticizing opponents by “cartographical attacks”. Even the design of postcard forms was a means of national struggle and expression of personal position. Publishers of the respective orientations designed them in the “German” or “Czech” spirit, while the official position was to refuse any name for this postal product. At the same time, the numerous variants of handwritten edits concerning all the constituent parts of the postcard (technical design of the form, address, and stamp) allowed users to state their position on the national question. Th e legal side of postcards’ production, functioning and existence was determined, on the one hand, by conditions which were common to other types of printed matter, in particular, by the liberal press law of 1868, and, on the other hand, by postal regulations that periodically withdrew certain postcards from circulation. All this became the subject of litigations and debates in parliament and thus provided a way for postcards to enter the public sphere and, accordingly, served to attract further public attention to the national conflict and its aggravation.

Nature of science and domain-specificity: investigating the coverage of nature of science in physics, chemistry and biology curricula across grade levels

ABSTRACT The paper investigates the coverage of nature of science (NOS) in different science subject curricula to understand how they emphasise various aspects of NOS across grade levels in secondary science education. Although various science curriculum analyses exist in the literature, there is a paucity of investigations that have combined the elements of domain-specificity and learning progression in relation to NOS curriculum content. Furthermore, a holistic and inclusive account of NOS is used to examine the cognitive, epistemic, social and institutional aspects of NOS. Physics, chemistry and biology high school curricula from Turkey are investigated. Each subject curriculum is analysed and compared using an analytical framework guided by the Family Resemblance Approach. Mixed methods approaches are used to summarise the quantitative and qualitative results. Findings suggest an overemphasis on the cognitive-epistemic aspects of NOS, considerable variation across science subject areas and non-uniform progression of NOS themes across grade levels. Analysis of curricula incorporating the domain-specific and learning progression elements of NOS is likely to enhance understanding of how to design robust curricula in different science subjects and to improve the teaching and learning of NOS. Implications for curriculum reform are discussed.

The Historical Evolution, Current Challenges and Generation Paths of General Education in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Curriculum Ideological and Political Education

Curriculum ideological and political education is to integrate ideological and political education into the whole process of education. It is a “all-faculty, whole-process, all-around” education model that pursues the unity of knowledge imparting and value guidance, and finally achieves the purpose of “strengthen moral education for cultivating people”(“Li De Shu Ren”). General education is a type of curriculum system in colleges and universities, and is an indispensable part of curriculum ideological and political education. Based on a review of the historical development of general education, this article analyzes the challenges that general education faces in the “Great Ideological and Political Education”(The educational concept contained in the “Great Ideological and Political Education” emphasizes the combination of ideological and political education with social practice, focuses on integrating and connecting educational resources, advocates extending educational space from the classroom to society, and better meets the requirements of the times.), and finally puts forward some reference suggestions from the aspects of institutions, systems, and evaluation.

Public Administration Analysis of Bleaching Motorized Vehicle Tax in Gorontalo Province

faced by the Gorontalo Provincial government in increasing local revenue (PAD) from the sector. The method used is a qualitative approach, with primary and secondary data collection to get an in-depth picture. The results showed that motor vehicle tax bleaching is part of the tax administration reform efforts aimed at improving performance through the improvement of administrative processes that are more efficient, economical, and responsive. In addition, this study also identifies various challenges in implementing the policy, including institutional, group, and individual aspects, which need to be addressed to maximize the potential revenue from the motor vehicle tax sector. This research provides recommendations for an improved tax administration system that can support the achievement of PAD targets more optimally.

Current status of robotic training during the urology residency: results from a national survey in Spain

Introduction and objectivesThe increasing number of robotic urological procedures observed in recent years highlights the need to expand training opportunities in robotic surgery. Our objective is to investigate the state of robotic training during urology residency in Spain in order to identify significant deficiencies. Materials and methodsA 20-item online survey was conducted among urology residents in Spain who were registered in the database of the Residents and Young Urologists Group of the Spanish Association of Urology. The survey assessed subjective opinions, institutional aspects, training resources, and experience regarding robotic surgery. A total of 455 email invitations were sent throughout the year 2021. Descriptive analysis of the responses was performed. ResultsThe participation rate reached 30%, with a total of 135 residents. 52% of respondents lacked access to a robotic system in their institution, of which only 48% could compensate for this deficiency through external rotations. Among those with access to a robotic system, 25% and 23% reported having access to theoretical and practical training, respectively. The existence of a formal training program was low (13%). 85% of the respondents considered robotic surgery training in Spain to be deficient. ConclusionsTraining for Spanish residents in robotic urological surgery is perceived as inadequate, emphasizing the crucial need for improvement in training programs in this field.

Awarding academic titles as a public service: Optimization of administrative procedures and transition to a digital model

The transition to a digital model of providing the public service of conferring academic titles implies fundamental changes in this public institution, which are associated with both the need to make a technological map for digitizing the service and optimization of the very procedure for awarding academic titles. The paper discusses technological and institutional aspects of providing the public service of conferring academic titles in a digital form. The theories of public administration and public services, digitalization, jurisprudence and project management constitute the methodological framework of the article. The classical research methods, such as analysis and synthesis, are used. The empirical data are obtained through integration of the legal acts regulating the principles and mechanisms for rendering public services and conferring academic titles with the project documents of the Department of Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Workers Certification of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. We indicate the need to legalize the procedures for initiating the nomination of an applicant for academic titles and justify the attribution of academic titles to the academic rights of scientific and scientific-pedagogical workers. Special focus of the study is on the reorganization of the academic titles institution and its role in assessing scientific qualifications and developing academic career. We address the controversial issue of granting the leading universities the right to independently confer academic titles (transition to a hybrid format) and emphasize the importance of balance between local and centralized regulation. In prospect the initiative to update the quantitative requirements and criteria for applicants for academic titles should be a key tool in revising the content of academic titles.

The Implementation of Good Governance for Optimizing the Potential Corruption Prevention in the Development of the Nusantara (IKN)

The decision to develop the Archipelago Capital (IKN) as the capital city of Indonesia is one of the state political decisions that has a big vision towards a Golden Indonesia 2045. As a project with a large and complex budget, its financial management must be carried out in an accountable manner, free from corrupt practices, and supported with a strict monitoring system so that it can run by prioritizing the principles of good governance. Therefore, IKN development policies and regulations must be in line with these principles and objectives. This study aims to describe the current condition of IKN development related to the potential for corruption, opportunities, and obstacles in preventing it. So, this study can produce policy recommendations that can be implemented in the implementation of IKN development. The legal research method used in writing this thesis is a normative juridical research method, with a statutory approach. The research uses qualitative analysis using primary and secondary legal data/material sources. Data/legal material processing activities begin with collection, analysis, and presentation, then formulated and presented systematically and descriptively according to the respective subject matter. The results of the study show the potential for corruption in the institutional aspects of the IKN Authority which are still weak in supervision, financing schemes that are vulnerable to conflicts of interest, and the implementation of IKN development where the procurement of goods still has the potential to give rise to bribery and conflicts of interest. This makes the development of IKN not in line with the principles of good governance. So, to prevent potential corruption in IKN development, better prevention optimization is needed in these three aspects, both in the preparation of clauses in regulations and the formation of institutions. It is hoped that this will enable the IKN project to run efficiently, effectively, and without corrupt practices occurring.

Kazakh-European trade and economic relations

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes Kazakh-European trade and economic relations from 2012 to 2021, aiming to elucidate the dynamics, trends, and strategic implications of these bilateral interactions. The primary purpose of this research is to scrutinize the dynamics of Kazakhstan's trade and economic interactions with European countries, assessing the trends, challenges, and opportunities within this framework. Employing a methodology that combines analysis and synthesis, inductive and deductive reasoning, and statistical methods including ABC analysis in MS Excel, the study provides a comprehensive examination of Kazakhstan's trade volumes, exports, imports, and foreign direct investments with European countries. It was revealed that for the countries of Europe, the indicators of the volume of trade, exports, and imports, gross investments showed a greater drop than in the economy. Summarized information characterizing the institutional aspect of the formation of relations between Kazakhstan and European states highlights Kazakhstan's active participation in international organizations as a key driver in developing these relationships. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and business stakeholders, highlighting the need for strategic approaches in optimizing trade and investment relations between Kazakhstan and Europe.

A Comprehensive Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal Options for Germany

AbstractTo reach their net‐zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard‐to‐abate CO2 emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio‐cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context‐specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the example of Germany. We assess 14 CDR options, including three chemical carbon capture options, six options for bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and five options that aim to increase ecosystem carbon uptake. The assessment addresses technological, economic, environmental, institutional, social‐cultural and systemic considerations using a traffic‐light system to evaluate implementation opportunities and hurdles. We find that in Germany CDR options like cover crops or seagrass restoration currently face comparably low implementation hurdles in terms of technological, economic, or environmental feasibility and low institutional or social opposition but show comparably small CO2 removal potentials. In contrast, some BECCS options that show high CDR potentials face significant techno‐economic, societal and institutional hurdles when it comes to the geological storage of CO2. While a combination of CDR options is likely required to meet the net‐zero target in Germany, the current climate protection law includes a limited set of options. Our analysis aims to provide comprehensive information on CDR hurdles and possibilities for Germany for use in further research on CDR options, climate, and energy scenario development, as well as an effective decision support basis for various actors.

The Construction of School Culture under the Background of Chinese Modernization: Dilemma and Outlet

In the process of China's modernization, the construction of school culture has gone through five stages, from the introduction of western educational ideas in the incubation period to the subsequent exploration period and the new stage of connotative development, school culture has always been closely linked with the modernization of education and mutually promoting each other. The material, institutional and spiritual aspects of school culture provide a solid foundation, a strong guarantee and a strong driving force for educational modernization. Meanwhile, the advancement of educational modernization also enriches the connotation of school culture. At present, there are many phenomena in the construction of school culture, such as the dislocation of the school main body, the wavering of the cultural foundation, the multiple deviation of the tendency, the distortion of the construction path, the weak quality support, the lack of development impetus, the impact of the change of time, and the prominent cultural crisis. In view of these difficulties, we should clarify the goal, practice the original intention, deepen the connotation, strengthen the quality, stimulate the motivation, adapt to the change, and resolve the crisis.

북한 근로단체 간에 나타난 오더링(Ordering)과 네이밍(Naming)의 정치

In order to maintain social tension through competition, North Korea is mixing ‘the politics of ordering’ that clarifies the order between members or (groups) and ‘the politics of naming’ that gives the higher stratified meaningful names. In this paper, this was examined through North Korea’s four major labor organizations: the Youth League, the Women's League, the Vocational Union, and the Agricultural Workers' Union. First of all, the Joseon Labor party's dominance over the four major Labor Organizations was examined in terms of institutional and historical aspects. Among the Labor Organizations, it was clear through the order of holding their conferences that there was a cutting-edge distinction between the “Youth Alliance“ as a power-favored group and “the Other Labor Organizations“ as a power-marginalized group. In addition, even within “the Other Labor Organizations,” the status of each Labor Organization was changing over time depending on the power relationship with the supreme leader or his perception of the organizational situation. Additionally, North Korea's Youth Alliance has twice included the glorious name of their supreme leaders in its organizational name such as the “Kim Il-sung Socialist Youth Alliance” and the “Kim Il-sung-Kim Jong-il Youth Alliance” while other Labor Organizations have never been bestowed until now. And recently, the status and role of the Women's Alliance have also been raised as its name was changed into the “Socialist Women's League“ at the Kim Jong-un period. It is necessary to recognize that North Korea's Ordering and Naming politics play a basic role of system enhancement, but at the same time, also have an inherent property of system dissolution in terms of class conflict.